473:. The loss of Greek in the Western half of the Roman Empire, and the loss of Latin in the Eastern half of the Roman Empire were not immediate, but changed the culture of language as well as the development of the Church. What especially differentiates Ecclesiastical Latin from Classical Latin is the consequences of its use as a language for translating, since it has borrowed and assimilated constructions and vocabulary from the
3529:
1771:
253:
2767:
1757:
1743:
639:, universities instructed divinity students in Latin and their examinations were conducted in this language. The University of Montauban, under Reformed auspices, required that seminarians complete two theses, with one being in Latin; thus Reformed ministers were "Latinist by training", comparable to Catholic seminarians.
328:'s educational reforms, and this new letter-by-letter pronunciation, used in France and England, was adopted in Iberia and Italy a couple of centuries afterwards. As time passed, pronunciation diverged depending on the local vernacular language, giving rise to even highly divergent forms such as the
1108:
The Second
Vatican Council declared that the use of Latin was to be maintained in the liturgy, though permission was granted for some use of the vernacular; in the outcome, the use of the vernacular has almost entirely triumphed, although the official books continue to be published in Latin. In the
317:) re-purposed with Christian meaning. It is less stylized and rigid in form than Classical Latin, sharing vocabulary, forms, and syntax, while at the same time incorporating informal elements which had always been with the language but which were excluded by the literary authors of Classical Latin.
1109:
Church of
England the Latin versions of the Book of Common Prayer have never been widely used, though, for instance, John Wesley used Latin text in doctrinal writings. The option of using traditional Latin texts in sung worship has been retained by choirs in both the Anglican and Lutheran Churches.
575:, rather than Latin, a language that at the time, many did not understand. Protestants refrained from using Latin in services, however Protestant clergy had to learn and understand Latin as it was the language of higher learning and theological thought until the 18th century. After the
1002:
requires for seminary formation to provide for a thorough training in Latin, though "the use of Latin in seminaries and pontifical universities has now dwindled to the point of extinction." Latin was still spoken in recent international gatherings of
Catholic leaders, such as the
684:
was drafted and published, in 1992, in French. The Latin text appeared five years later, in 1997, and the French text was corrected to match the Latin version, which is regarded as the official text. The Latin-language department of the
Vatican Secretariat of State (formerly the
2028:
855:', lines to mark the long vowel, an acute accent is used for stress. The first syllable of two-syllable words is stressed; in longer words, an acute accent is placed over the stressed vowel: adorémus 'let us adore'; Dómini 'of the Lord'.
531:
with improving the standards of Latin writing in France, prescribed a pronunciation based on a fairly literal interpretation of Latin spelling. For example, in a radical break from the traditional system, a word such as
2021:
1485:
Official documents are frequently published in other languages. The Holy See's diplomatic languages are French and Latin (such as letters of credence from
Vatican ambassadors to other countries are written in Latin
680:, is usually in Latin. Some texts may be published initially in a modern language and be later revised, according to a Latin version (or "editio typica"), after this Latin version is published. For example, the
1567:
2014:
733:
In many countries, those who speak Latin for liturgical or other ecclesiastical purposes use the pronunciation that has become traditional in Rome by giving the letters the value they have in modern
1038:
may be celebrated either in Latin or another language in which the liturgical texts, translated from Latin, have been legitimately approved. The permission granted for continued use of the
498:
At first there was no distinction between Latin and the actual
Romance vernacular, the former being just the traditional written form of the latter. For instance, in ninth-century Spain
659:
languages. The Church produces liturgical texts in Latin, which provide a single clear point of reference for translations into all other languages. The same holds for the texts of
3148:
3503:
2530:
1857:
2471:
2041:
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729:
One can understand Church Latin knowing the Latin of classical texts, as the main differences between the two are in pronunciation and spelling, as well as vocabulary.
1571:
689:) is charged with the preparation in Latin of papal and curial documents. Sometimes, the official text is published in a modern language, e.g., the well-known edict
2802:
1800:
3262:
2085:
1926:—Multi-language Catholic eBook database of all the writings of Holy Popes, Councils, Church Fathers and Doctors, and Allied Auctors. Retrieved November 2018.
2824:
329:
2116:
1987:
1468:
386:
The
Ecclesiastical Latin that is used in theological works, liturgical rites and dogmatic proclamations varies in style: syntactically simple in the
3042:
1016:
3780:
3565:
1888:
3112:
2126:
2121:
1240:
2933:
2273:
1706:
1646:
1663:, but featuring text selections from the liturgy and the Vulgate: unlike Wheelock, it also contains translation and composition exercises.
3136:
3124:
3002:
2070:
952:). Some 600 such terms extracted from the book appear on a page of the Vatican website. The Latinitas Foundation was superseded by the
3800:
2861:
2090:
1290:
1042:
in its 1962 form authorizes use of the vernacular language in proclaiming the
Scripture readings after they are first read in Latin.
2795:
2057:
2037:
1654:
1528:
1322:
1265:
1199:
1101:
1375:
2921:
2075:
1614:
973:
718:
681:
674:
The Holy See has for some centuries usually drafted documents in a modern language, but the authoritative text, published in the
668:
1829:
3785:
3476:
2939:
2877:
2868:
2278:
2095:
1026:, the liturgical use of the vernacular has predominated since the liturgical reforms that followed the Second Vatican Council:
225:
1546:
3733:
3332:
2951:
2559:
1450:
27:
This article is about the version of Latin prevalent throughout
Western Christianity. For its use in Christian liturgy, see
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1414:
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953:
892:
722:
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2143:
1035:
1027:
999:
660:
652:
592:
395:
379:
liturgies as well. Today, ecclesiastical Latin is primarily used in official documents of the
Catholic Church, in the
2414:
1487:
863:
The complete text of the Bible in Latin, the revised Vulgate, appears at Nova Vulgata – Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio.
596:
551:). The Carolingian reforms soon brought the new Church Latin from France to other lands where Romance was spoken.
3498:
2692:
2065:
1996:
1692:
1050:
124:
1730:
2995:
2945:
2699:
235:
867:
gives the entire Bible, in the Douay version, verse by verse, accompanied by the Vulgate Latin of each verse.
508:
was simply the correct way to spell , meaning 'century'. The writer would not have actually read it aloud as
3775:
3770:
3246:
2915:
2872:
2459:
1720:
520:
493:
435:
368:
321:
114:
96:
28:
445:
The use of Latin in the Church started in the late fourth century with the split of the Roman Empire after
3551:
3508:
3486:
3258:
3077:
3072:
2895:
2886:
2771:
2487:
2006:
1194:. ARCA (Classical & Medieval Texts, Papers & Monographs). Vol. 8. Liverpool: Francis Cairns.
1004:
983:
837:
833:
809:
797:
789:
676:
648:
539:
513:
509:
364:
92:
76:
3790:
3532:
3067:
2985:
2844:
1956:
616:
3022:
2881:
1686:
986:
of the Catholic Church. Until the 1960s and still later in Roman colleges like the Gregorian, Catholic
3727:
3522:
3481:
3012:
2980:
2375:
2295:
2187:
2165:
2080:
871:
701:
691:
470:
583:, Latin was retained as the language of the Mass for weekdays, although for the Sunday Sabbath, the
3451:
3062:
2678:
2345:
1748:
1659:
1585:
560:
458:
3680:
3308:
3218:
3206:
3183:
3047:
2957:
2899:
1807:
1762:
1046:
848:
847:
The distinction in Classical Latin between long and short vowels is ignored, and instead of the '
372:
279:
3722:
3717:
3648:
2747:
1650:
1524:
1318:
1286:
1261:
1236:
1195:
1097:
738:
664:
612:
415:
356:
345:
211:
3702:
3697:
3340:
3129:
3105:
3057:
2742:
2725:
2710:
2567:
2397:
2283:
2045:
852:
734:
624:
462:
457:– a Greek translation of the Hebrew bible – was in widespread use among both Christians and
405:
349:
119:
66:
1875:
1814:
1725:
3609:
3408:
3365:
3355:
3350:
3303:
3297:
3233:
3153:
2720:
2635:
2592:
2582:
2577:
2535:
2525:
2446:
2310:
2225:
2207:
2182:
2049:
2000:
1948:—a collection of ecclesiastical Latin texts by Christian authors. Retrieved November 2018.
1833:
1790:
1776:
1550:
1338:
1039:
994:
was also Latin, which was seen as the language of the Church Fathers. The use of Latin in
580:
380:
341:
333:
314:
306:
298:
106:
80:
72:
1821:
1383:
3635:
3390:
3360:
3345:
3287:
3277:
3212:
3195:
3037:
2890:
2737:
2730:
2617:
2587:
2572:
2515:
2505:
2338:
2111:
1054:
1008:
957:
647:
Ecclesiastical Latin continues to be the official language of the Catholic Church. The
632:
584:
421:
399:
310:
283:
166:
32:
1618:
3759:
3739:
3425:
3282:
3165:
3087:
3027:
2990:
2715:
2652:
2510:
2328:
2154:
1826:
564:
450:
411:
387:
1923:
3707:
3413:
3385:
3315:
3007:
2972:
2851:
2819:
2811:
2640:
2612:
2542:
2482:
2436:
2431:
2419:
2138:
2133:
1543:
1491:
1031:
1023:
883:
879:
706:
446:
360:
302:
287:
252:
173:
1866:
1795:"Veterum Sapientia: Apostolic Constitution on the Promotion of the Study of Latin"
1503:
484:
Greek originals, which are sometimes themselves translations of Hebrew originals.
1854:
Side-by-side comparisons of the Ancient Greek, English, and Latin Vulgate Bibles.
3744:
3471:
3445:
3438:
3431:
3418:
3403:
3398:
3117:
3100:
3052:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2645:
2630:
2625:
2387:
2355:
2350:
2323:
2160:
1968:
1945:
1908:
1794:
696:
628:
620:
576:
568:
528:
474:
391:
376:
325:
88:
84:
61:
Never spoken as a native language; other uses vary widely by period and location
2766:
1770:
1756:
1494:, which is an entity that is distinct from the Holy See, are issued in Italian.
990:
studied theology using Latin textbooks and the language of instruction in many
3622:
3292:
3173:
2520:
2392:
2370:
2365:
2300:
2170:
1981:
1738:
1362:
1315:
Latin, Or, The Empire of a Sign: From the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Centuries
890:
quarterly in Latin. The foundation also published a 15,000-word Italian-Latin
864:
841:
656:
572:
543:
454:
337:
1153:
538:⟩ 'orchard' now had to be read aloud precisely as it was spelled rather than
449:
in 395. Before this split, Greek was the primary language of the Church (the
320:
Its pronunciation was partly standardized in the late 8th century during the
17:
3664:
3594:
3320:
2547:
1951:
1742:
1568:"Apostolic Letter: On the Use of the Roman Liturgy Prior to the 1970 Reform"
1432:
1053:, Ecclesiastical Latin is occasionally employed in sung celebrations of the
1019:
in 2004 was the most recent to have a Latin-language group for discussions.
636:
198:
186:
156:
36:
1657:. A learner's first textbook, comparable in style, layout, and coverage to
1283:
Natural History of Latin: The Story of the World's Most Successful Language
469:
translated Greek and Hebrew texts into Latin, the dominant language of the
332:, which has now been largely abandoned for reading Latin texts. Within the
1930:
3141:
3095:
3032:
2856:
2840:
2333:
2268:
2251:
2237:
2148:
1554:
1507:
1125:"On the Western Rite Liturgy | Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese"
995:
991:
979:
900:), which provides Latin coinages for modern concepts, such as a bicycle (
727:
There are not many differences between Classical Latin and Church Latin.
294:
243:
231:
998:
and in theological research, however, has since declined. Nevertheless,
519:
The spoken version of Ecclesiastical Latin was created later during the
3189:
3178:
3017:
2404:
2360:
2288:
2231:
1962:
987:
290:
239:
1993:
3200:
2426:
2409:
2318:
2243:
2195:
1339:"Second Vatican Council | Roman Catholic history [1962–1965]"
887:
588:
524:
466:
1490:, on Vatican Radio, 4 June 2005]). Laws and official regulations of
719:
Latin spelling and pronunciation § Ecclesiastical pronunciation
1124:
512:
any more than an English speaker today would pronounce ⟨knight⟩ as
3575:
2213:
2201:
1851:
480:, while adapting the meanings of some Latin words to those of the
297:, and church administration to the present day, especially in the
275:
251:
129:
1469:"Lexicon Recentis Latinitatis, parvum verborum novatorum Léxicum"
1148:
1146:
1144:
840:. Like in Classical Latin, double consonants are pronounced with
3543:
2848:
2219:
1012:
627:, "used Latin text in doctrinal writings", as Martin Luther and
3547:
2784:
2780:
2010:
882:
to promote the study and use of Latin. Its headquarters are in
546:
555:
Usage during the Reformation and in modern Protestant churches
31:. For Latin as a formal lingua franca outside the Church, see
1965:—a collection of ecclesiastical Latin. Retrieved November 18.
1617:. The Latin Mass Society of England and Wales. Archived from
1022:
Although Latin is the traditional liturgical language of the
256:
Usage of Ecclesiastical Latin in the Traditional Roman Missal
1258:
Late Latin and Early Romance in Spain and Carolingian France
1192:
Late Latin and Early Romance in Spain and Carolingian France
494:
Carolingian Renaissance § Reform of Latin pronunciation
1895:
1669:
Liturgical Latin, Its Origins and Character: Three Lectures
1984:, an ecclesiastical Latin course. Retrieved November 2018.
1797:. Adoremus: Society for the Renewal of the Sacred Liturgy.
631:
did in their era. In the training of Protestant clergy in
559:
The use of Latin in the Western Church continued into the
242:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
501:
1959:—contains Classical, Medieval, and Ecclesiastical texts.
687:
Secretaria brevium ad principes et epistolarum latinarum
1931:"Thesaurus Precum Latinarum: Treasury of Latin Prayers"
1671:. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press.
1519:
Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005).
1092:
Cross, Frank Leslie; Livingstone, Elizabeth A. (2005).
1087:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1075:
1827:
The Language Used in the Celebration of the Holy Mass
533:
403:
3504:
Conference of the Latin Bishops of the Arab Regions
3464:
3378:
3331:
3270:
3257:
3232:
3164:
3086:
2971:
2908:
2833:
2818:
2691:
2605:
2558:
2498:
2481:
2470:
2445:
2309:
2261:
2181:
2104:
2056:
210:
196:
184:
179:
163:
149:
103:
65:
57:
47:
1863:, Latin and English texts, rubrics in English only
1691:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp.
1376:"Tra Le Sollecitudini Instruction on Sacred Music"
1982:"First Experience Latin with Fr. Reginald Foster"
352:, has become common since the late 19th century.
1235:. Munich: Harvard University Press. p. 94.
571:was to have services and religious texts in the
1451:"Latinitas, Opus Fundatum in Civitate Vaticana"
599:to prove their faith answered by reciting the
465:. Following the split, early theologians like
3559:
2796:
2022:
1871:Side-by-side of the Vulgate Latin and English
1521:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
1308:
1306:
1304:
1302:
1260:. Liverpool: Francis Cairns. pp. 44–50.
1094:The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
1045:In historic Protestant churches, such as the
8:
1808:"What the Church Says on the Latin Language"
1119:
1117:
1971:with interlinear Latin-English translations
619:was published in Latin, alongside English.
419:
3584:
3566:
3552:
3544:
3328:
3267:
3083:
2830:
2803:
2789:
2781:
2555:
2495:
2478:
2029:
2015:
2007:
1415:"Nova Vulgata – Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio"
978:Latin remains an oft-used language of the
330:traditional English pronunciation of Latin
71:Still used for many purposes, mostly as a
44:
2117:Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts
1815:Catechism of the Catholic Church in Latin
1608:. St. Mary's, KS: St. Mary's Publishing.
1523:. Oxford University Press. p. 961.
1285:. Oxford University Press. p. 126.
1096:. Oxford University Press. p. 961.
1017:General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops
355:Ecclesiastical Latin is the language of
3766:Languages attested from the 4th century
1071:
824:). Such speakers pronounce consonantal
808:before a vowel is generally pronounced
236:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
1847:The Latin Vulgate version of the Bible
1213:
1211:
2127:Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom
2122:Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great
1952:Complete Latin works of St. Augustine
1896:Latin-English pre-Vatican-II Breviary
1154:"CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Church Latin"
383:, and it is still learned by clergy.
7:
2274:Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament
1688:Introduction to Ecclesiastical Latin
1647:Catholic University of America Press
390:, hieratic (very restrained) in the
1680:. Ditchling: Saint Dominic's Press.
1678:An Introduction to Liturgical Latin
1631:(A course in ecclesiastical Latin.)
1382:. November 22, 1903. Archived from
737:but without distinguishing between
2862:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
344:, a pronunciation based on modern
25:
1969:Pope Benedict XVI's First Message
1363:the Catholic News Service channel
461:) as well as the language of the
42:Variety of Latin used by churches
3528:
3527:
2765:
1994:Latin Dictionary and Grammar Aid
1769:
1755:
1741:
1643:A Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin
1233:Latin: Story of a World Language
974:Canon law of the Catholic Church
836:as in English, not as Classical
682:Catechism of the Catholic Church
463:eastern half of the Roman Empire
3477:Latin Church in the Middle East
962:Pontificia Academia Latinitatis
713:Comparison with Classical Latin
3781:Christian liturgical languages
3734:Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
1876:Parallel Latin-English Psalter
1822:The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass
1219:Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin
1178:Primer of Ecclesiastical Latin
886:. The foundation publishes an
371:. It is occasionally used in
53:Church Latin, Liturgical Latin
1:
1784:Latin and the Catholic Church
878:in Latin) was established by
651:(1962–1965) decreed that the
595:, "persons called before the
453:was written in Greek and the
2381:Divine Worship: Daily Office
1731:Resources in other libraries
1667:Mohrmann, Christine (1957).
954:Pontifical Academy for Latin
893:Lexicon Recentis Latinitatis
723:Latin regional pronunciation
1946:The Christian Latin Library
1924:"Documenta Catholica Omnia"
1676:Scarre, Annie Mary (1933).
950:brevissimae bracae femineae
414:(syntactically complex) in
3817:
2772:Catholic Church portal
2415:Divine Worship: The Missal
2003:. Retrieved November 2018.
1313:Waquet, Françoise (2002).
1231:Leonhardt, Jürgen (2013).
1007:, and it is still used at
971:
910:instrumentum computatorium
898:Dictionary of Recent Latin
716:
502:
491:
433:
26:
3801:Languages of Vatican City
3693:
3582:
3517:
3499:Eastern Catholic Churches
2762:
2262:Other liturgical services
1868:Latin-English Study Bible
1726:Resources in your library
1549:December 4, 2010, at the
944:), and even a miniskirt (
936:), an unemployed person (
918:deversorium autocineticum
655:would be translated into
420:
398:, terse and technical in
301:. It includes words from
261:
222:
52:
2210:(first hour of daylight)
1990:Retrieved November 2018.
1861:of the 1970 Roman Missal
3247:Liturgical use of Latin
2873:Pierbattista Pizzaballa
2460:Liturgical use of Latin
1685:Nunn, H. P. G. (1922).
1581:– via vatican.va.
1433:"HOLY BIBLE: Genesis 1"
1343:Encyclopedia Britannica
876:Opus Fundatum Latinitas
547:
521:Carolingian Renaissance
436:Liturgical use of Latin
369:Eastern Orthodox Church
322:Carolingian Renaissance
97:Eastern Orthodox Church
29:Liturgical use of Latin
3786:Latin liturgical rites
3509:Western Rite Orthodoxy
3149:Santiago de Compostela
3078:1983 Code of Canon Law
3053:Protestant Reformation
2996:Historical development
2240:(Anglican Use Vespers)
1604:Baumeister, Edmund J.
1256:Wright, Roger (1982).
1190:Wright, Roger (1982).
1024:Western (Latin) Church
1005:Second Vatican Council
984:Latin liturgical rites
961:
677:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
649:Second Vatican Council
534:
523:. The English scholar
404:
340:churches, such as the
257:
224:This article contains
77:Latin liturgical rites
3523:Doctors of the Church
2986:History of the papacy
2845:Patriarch of the West
2311:Liturgical literature
2246:(West Syriac Vespers)
2105:Eucharistic liturgies
2086:Anointing of the Sick
1988:The Vatican's Lexicon
1645:by John F. Collins, (
1613:Byrne, Carol (1999).
1317:. Verso. p. 78.
1281:Janson, Tore (2007).
1015:. The Tenth Ordinary
643:Modern Catholic usage
623:, the founder of the
617:Book of Common Prayer
567:'s tenets during the
418:'s encyclical letter
278:developed to discuss
255:
3796:Western Christianity
3728:Latino sine flexione
3713:Ecclesiastical Latin
3242:Ecclesiastical Latin
3013:Early African church
2981:Apostolic succession
2455:Ecclesiastical Latin
2376:Liturgy of the Hours
2296:Liturgy of the Hours
2166:Pontifical High Mass
1712:Ecclesiastical Latin
1606:The New Missal Latin
942:chorea Vindobonensis
872:Latinitas Foundation
812:(unless preceded by
702:Mit brennender Sorge
692:Tra le sollecitudini
667:gave his unexpected
635:, as well as in the
471:Western Roman Empire
135:Ecclesiastical Latin
48:Ecclesiastical Latin
3452:Pre-Tridentine Mass
3063:Counter-Reformation
2825:order of precedence
2679:Pre-Tridentine Mass
2447:Liturgical language
1957:Latin Logos Library
1819:Fr. Nikolaus Gihr,
1749:Christianity portal
1621:on 25 February 2014
1586:Summorum Pontificum
1488:Fr. Reginald Foster
1386:on February 9, 2020
587:was to be said. In
561:Early modern period
91:. Also used in the
73:liturgical language
3681:Contemporary Latin
3309:Extraordinary form
3219:Isidore of Seville
3207:Augustine of Hippo
3184:Hilary of Poitiers
2900:Francesco Moraglia
2882:Filipe Neri Ferrão
2531:Extraordinary Form
1999:2012-01-30 at the
1909:"Documenta Latina"
1832:2011-06-05 at the
1763:Catholicism portal
1047:Anglican Communion
859:Language materials
806:⟨ti⟩
794:⟨ch⟩
774:⟨oe⟩
770:⟨ae⟩
754:⟨oe⟩
750:⟨ae⟩
669:resignation speech
625:Methodist churches
611:in Latin." In the
542:(later spelled as
447:Emperor Theodosius
441:Late antique usage
258:
83:, and (rarely) in
3753:
3752:
3723:Romance languages
3718:Neo-Latin studies
3688:
3687:
3649:Renaissance Latin
3541:
3540:
3460:
3459:
3374:
3373:
3228:
3227:
2967:
2966:
2778:
2777:
2758:
2757:
2687:
2686:
2601:
2600:
2234:(sunset/evening)
1810:. Michael Martin.
1707:Library resources
1437:www.newadvent.org
1380:Adoremus Bulletin
1242:978-0-674-05807-1
1158:www.newadvent.org
1051:Lutheran churches
948:) and hot pants (
906:fistula nicotiana
830:⟨u⟩
826:⟨v⟩
822:⟨t⟩
818:⟨d⟩
814:⟨s⟩
804:), respectively.
802:⟨j⟩
786:⟨i⟩
782:⟨y⟩
778:⟨e⟩
766:⟨g⟩
762:⟨c⟩
758:⟨e⟩
745:⟨o⟩
741:⟨e⟩
699:(in Italian) and
665:Pope Benedict XVI
593:Reformed churches
581:Lutheran churches
416:Pope John Paul II
363:, as well as the
346:Italian phonology
280:Christian thought
250:
249:
232:rendering support
228:phonetic symbols.
16:(Redirected from
3808:
3703:Latin literature
3698:History of Latin
3677:
3661:
3607:
3585:
3568:
3561:
3554:
3545:
3531:
3530:
3341:Benedictine Rite
3329:
3268:
3259:Liturgical rites
3084:
3058:Council of Trent
3043:Age of Discovery
3023:East–West Schism
2831:
2805:
2798:
2791:
2782:
2770:
2769:
2743:East Syriac Rite
2711:Alexandrian Rite
2700:Eastern Catholic
2693:Eastern Catholic
2568:Benedictine Rite
2556:
2496:
2490:liturgical rites
2479:
2398:Roman Pontifical
2254:(end of the day)
2188:Liturgical hours
2031:
2024:
2017:
2008:
1963:The Logic Museum
1942:
1940:
1938:
1933:. Michael Martin
1920:
1918:
1916:
1890:Divinum Officium
1811:
1798:
1779:
1774:
1773:
1765:
1760:
1759:
1751:
1746:
1745:
1696:
1681:
1672:
1660:Wheelock's Latin
1630:
1628:
1626:
1615:"Simplicissimus"
1609:
1590:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1570:. Archived from
1563:
1557:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1516:
1510:
1501:
1495:
1483:
1477:
1476:
1465:
1459:
1458:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1429:
1423:
1422:
1411:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1372:
1366:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1349:
1335:
1329:
1328:
1310:
1297:
1296:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1228:
1222:
1215:
1206:
1205:
1187:
1181:
1174:
1168:
1167:
1165:
1164:
1150:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1135:
1121:
1112:
1111:
1089:
932:), a trademark (
928:), a terrorist (
904:), a cigarette (
839:
835:
831:
828:(not written as
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
751:
746:
742:
730:
550:
541:
537:
515:
511:
507:
505:
425:
409:
406:Summa Theologica
357:liturgical rites
350:Italianate Latin
272:Liturgical Latin
263:
218:
189:
169:
109:
45:
21:
3816:
3815:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3756:
3755:
3754:
3749:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3675:
3668:
3663:
3659:
3652:
3647:
3639:
3634:
3626:
3621:
3613:
3610:Classical Latin
3608:
3603:
3598:
3593:
3578:
3572:
3542:
3537:
3513:
3456:
3446:Missa Venatoria
3370:
3366:Norbertine Rite
3356:Cistercian Rite
3351:Carthusian Rite
3327:
3304:Tridentine Mass
3300:(Ordinary form)
3298:Mass of Paul VI
3263:Liturgical days
3261:
3253:
3224:
3160:
3082:
2963:
2904:
2865:
2822:
2814:
2809:
2779:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2721:Antiochene Rite
2701:
2697:
2694:
2683:
2673:Missa Venatoria
2597:
2593:Norbertine Rite
2583:Cistercian Rite
2578:Carthusian Rite
2554:
2536:Tridentine Mass
2526:Mass of Paul VI
2489:
2485:
2473:
2466:
2441:
2305:
2257:
2204:(early morning)
2186:
2183:Canonical hours
2177:
2100:
2052:
2050:Catholic Church
2035:
2001:Wayback Machine
1978:
1936:
1934:
1929:
1914:
1912:
1907:
1904:
1902:Other documents
1885:
1843:
1834:Wayback Machine
1806:
1791:Pope John XXIII
1789:
1786:
1777:Language portal
1775:
1768:
1761:
1754:
1747:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1735:
1715:
1714:
1710:
1703:
1684:
1675:
1666:
1639:
1637:Further reading
1634:
1624:
1622:
1612:
1603:
1599:
1594:
1593:
1577:
1575:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1551:Wayback Machine
1542:
1538:
1531:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1502:
1498:
1484:
1480:
1467:
1466:
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1449:
1448:
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1431:
1430:
1426:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1403:
1399:
1389:
1387:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1360:
1356:
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1345:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1325:
1312:
1311:
1300:
1293:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1255:
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1243:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1189:
1188:
1184:
1175:
1171:
1162:
1160:
1152:
1151:
1142:
1133:
1131:
1123:
1122:
1115:
1104:
1091:
1090:
1073:
1068:
1063:
1040:Tridentine Mass
1011:to elect a new
976:
970:
946:tunicula minima
934:ergasterii nota
908:), a computer (
861:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
805:
801:
793:
788:are pronounced
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
757:
753:
749:
744:
740:
739:open and close
728:
725:
715:
645:
613:Anglican Church
557:
499:
496:
490:
459:Hellenized Jews
443:
438:
432:
381:Tridentine Mass
377:Lutheran Church
373:Anglican Church
342:Anglican Church
336:and in certain
334:Catholic Church
307:Classical Latin
299:Catholic Church
274:, is a form of
230:Without proper
216:
185:
170:
165:
159:
152:
145:
125:Latino-Faliscan
110:
107:Language family
105:
81:Catholic Church
43:
40:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3814:
3812:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3776:Forms of Latin
3773:
3771:Latin language
3768:
3758:
3757:
3751:
3750:
3748:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3694:
3691:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3671:
3669:
3655:
3653:
3642:
3640:
3636:Medieval Latin
3629:
3627:
3616:
3614:
3605:75 BC – 200 AD
3601:
3599:
3588:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3563:
3556:
3548:
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3525:
3518:
3515:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3495:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3462:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3428:
3423:
3422:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3406:
3401:
3393:
3391:Aquileian Rite
3388:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3371:
3369:
3368:
3363:
3361:Dominican Rite
3358:
3353:
3348:
3346:Carmelite Rite
3343:
3337:
3335:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3301:
3290:
3288:Mozarabic Rite
3285:
3280:
3278:Ambrosian Rite
3274:
3272:
3265:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3250:
3249:
3238:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3225:
3223:
3222:
3216:
3213:Pope Gregory I
3210:
3204:
3198:
3196:Pope Damasus I
3193:
3187:
3181:
3176:
3170:
3168:
3166:Church Fathers
3162:
3161:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3146:
3145:
3144:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3122:
3121:
3120:
3110:
3109:
3108:
3103:
3092:
3090:
3088:Apostolic sees
3081:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3038:Western Schism
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2983:
2977:
2975:
2969:
2968:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2943:
2937:
2934:Constantinople
2931:
2925:
2919:
2912:
2910:
2906:
2905:
2903:
2902:
2893:
2884:
2875:
2866:
2837:
2835:
2828:
2816:
2815:
2810:
2808:
2807:
2800:
2793:
2785:
2776:
2775:
2763:
2760:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2751:
2750:
2740:
2738:Byzantine Rite
2735:
2734:
2733:
2728:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2676:
2669:
2662:
2655:
2650:
2649:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2620:
2618:Aquileian Rite
2615:
2609:
2607:
2603:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2588:Dominican Rite
2585:
2580:
2575:
2573:Carmelite Rite
2570:
2564:
2562:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2528:
2518:
2516:Mozarabic Rite
2513:
2508:
2506:Ambrosian Rite
2502:
2500:
2493:
2476:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2462:
2451:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2417:
2407:
2402:
2401:
2400:
2390:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2339:Roman Breviary
2331:
2326:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2292:
2291:
2281:
2276:
2271:
2265:
2263:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2241:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2192:
2190:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2175:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2158:
2151:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2112:Divine Liturgy
2108:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2083:
2078:
2073:
2068:
2062:
2060:
2054:
2053:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2026:
2019:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1991:
1985:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1954:
1949:
1943:
1927:
1921:
1911:. The Holy See
1903:
1900:
1899:
1898:
1893:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1879:
1872:
1864:
1855:
1849:
1842:
1839:
1838:
1837:
1817:
1812:
1804:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1766:
1752:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1705:
1704:
1702:
1701:External links
1699:
1698:
1697:
1682:
1673:
1664:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1610:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1558:
1536:
1529:
1511:
1496:
1478:
1473:www.vatican.va
1460:
1455:www.vatican.va
1442:
1424:
1419:www.vatican.va
1406:
1397:
1367:
1354:
1330:
1323:
1298:
1292:978-0199214051
1291:
1273:
1266:
1248:
1241:
1223:
1207:
1200:
1182:
1169:
1140:
1129:antiochian.org
1113:
1102:
1070:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1028:liturgical law
969:
966:
938:invite otiosus
860:
857:
756:coalesce with
714:
711:
644:
641:
585:Deutsche Messe
556:
553:
489:
488:Medieval usage
486:
442:
439:
431:
428:
422:Fides et Ratio
400:Thomas Aquinas
284:Late antiquity
266:, also called
262:Ecclesiastical
248:
247:
234:, you may see
220:
219:
214:
208:
207:
202:
194:
193:
190:
182:
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180:Language codes
177:
176:
171:
167:Writing system
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100:
69:
63:
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59:
58:Native to
55:
54:
50:
49:
41:
33:Medieval Latin
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3813:
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3799:
3797:
3794:
3792:
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3779:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
3763:
3761:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3740:Hiberno-Latin
3738:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
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3711:
3709:
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3557:
3555:
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3546:
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3526:
3524:
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3463:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3441:
3440:
3436:
3434:
3433:
3432:Missa Nautica
3429:
3427:
3426:Gallican Rite
3424:
3420:
3417:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3405:
3402:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3383:
3381:
3377:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3295:
3294:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3283:Rite of Braga
3281:
3279:
3276:
3275:
3273:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3260:
3256:
3248:
3245:
3244:
3243:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3199:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3188:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3169:
3167:
3163:
3155:
3152:
3151:
3150:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3114:
3111:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3098:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3091:
3089:
3085:
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3074:
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3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3028:Scholasticism
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3003:First Martyrs
3001:
2997:
2994:
2992:
2991:Papal primacy
2989:
2988:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2970:
2959:
2956:
2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2929:
2926:
2923:
2920:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2911:
2907:
2901:
2897:
2894:
2892:
2888:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2870:
2867:
2863:
2859:
2858:
2853:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2839:
2838:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2826:
2821:
2820:Patriarchates
2817:
2813:
2806:
2801:
2799:
2794:
2792:
2787:
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2741:
2739:
2736:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
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2719:
2717:
2716:Armenian Rite
2714:
2712:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2696:
2690:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2674:
2670:
2668:
2667:
2663:
2661:
2660:
2659:Missa Nautica
2656:
2654:
2653:Gallican Rite
2651:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
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2517:
2514:
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2511:Rite of Braga
2509:
2507:
2504:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2475:
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2418:
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2347:
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2340:
2337:
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2335:
2332:
2330:
2329:Book of hours
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
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2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2290:
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2277:
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2253:
2250:
2245:
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2227:
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2221:
2218:
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2209:
2206:
2203:
2200:
2197:
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2193:
2191:
2189:
2184:
2180:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2155:Missa Cantata
2152:
2150:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2128:
2125:
2123:
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2115:
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2110:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
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2055:
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2027:
2025:
2020:
2018:
2013:
2012:
2009:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
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1967:
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1944:
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1910:
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1865:
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1856:
1853:
1852:NewAdvent.org
1850:
1848:
1845:
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1840:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1823:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1802:
1801:in Latin here
1796:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1783:
1778:
1772:
1767:
1764:
1758:
1753:
1750:
1744:
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1732:
1729:
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1655:0-8132-0667-7
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1636:
1620:
1616:
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1607:
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1596:
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1583:Motu proprio
1574:on 2015-01-01
1573:
1569:
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1548:
1545:
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1530:9780192802903
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1331:
1326:
1324:9781859844021
1320:
1316:
1309:
1307:
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1299:
1294:
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1277:
1274:
1269:
1267:0-905205-12-X
1263:
1259:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1238:
1234:
1227:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1203:
1201:9780905205120
1197:
1193:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1170:
1159:
1155:
1149:
1147:
1145:
1141:
1130:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1105:
1103:9780192802903
1099:
1095:
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1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1076:
1072:
1065:
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1058:
1056:
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1048:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1020:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
975:
967:
965:
963:
959:
955:
951:
947:
943:
939:
935:
931:
927:
924:), a strike (
923:
919:
915:
912:), a cowboy (
911:
907:
903:
899:
895:
894:
889:
885:
881:
877:
873:
870:In 1976, the
868:
866:
858:
856:
854:
850:
845:
843:
747:
736:
731:
724:
720:
712:
710:
709:(in German).
708:
704:
703:
698:
694:
693:
688:
683:
679:
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672:
670:
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662:
658:
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642:
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630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
598:
594:
590:
586:
582:
578:
574:
573:common tongue
570:
566:
565:Martin Luther
562:
554:
552:
549:
545:
536:
530:
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522:
517:
504:
495:
487:
485:
483:
479:
477:
472:
468:
464:
460:
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452:
451:New Testament
448:
440:
437:
429:
427:
424:
423:
417:
413:
408:
407:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:Vulgate Bible
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
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318:
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308:
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296:
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269:
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245:
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200:
195:
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154:
148:
136:
133:
132:
131:
128:
127:
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123:
122:
121:
118:
117:
116:
115:Indo-European
112:
108:
102:
98:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
74:
70:
68:
64:
60:
56:
51:
46:
38:
34:
30:
19:
18:Vulgate Latin
3791:Latin Church
3732:
3712:
3708:Vulgar Latin
3673:
3672:
3657:
3656:
3644:
3643:
3631:
3630:
3618:
3617:
3604:
3602:
3590:
3589:
3492:Titular sees
3444:
3437:
3430:
3409:Hereford Use
3386:African Rite
3316:Anglican Use
3241:
3008:Great Church
2855:
2812:Latin Church
2671:
2664:
2657:
2636:Hereford Use
2613:African Rite
2543:Anglican Use
2483:Latin Church
2454:
2437:Sacramentary
2432:Roman Ritual
2420:Roman Missal
2228:(ninth hour)
2216:(third hour)
2153:
2139:Holy Qurbono
2134:Holy Qurbana
2071:Confirmation
1935:. Retrieved
1913:. Retrieved
1889:
1874:
1867:
1858:
1820:
1721:Online books
1711:
1687:
1677:
1668:
1658:
1642:
1623:. Retrieved
1619:the original
1605:
1584:
1576:. Retrieved
1572:the original
1561:
1539:
1520:
1514:
1499:
1492:Vatican City
1481:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1409:
1404:Roman Missal
1400:
1388:. Retrieved
1384:the original
1379:
1370:
1357:
1346:. Retrieved
1342:
1333:
1314:
1282:
1276:
1257:
1251:
1232:
1226:
1218:
1191:
1185:
1177:
1172:
1161:. Retrieved
1157:
1132:. Retrieved
1128:
1107:
1093:
1044:
1034:states that
1032:Latin Church
1021:
977:
949:
945:
941:
940:), a waltz (
937:
933:
929:
926:operistitium
925:
922:capitilavium
921:
920:), shampoo (
917:
916:), a motel (
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
891:
884:Vatican City
880:Pope Paul VI
875:
869:
862:
846:
732:
726:
707:Pope Pius XI
700:
690:
686:
675:
673:
646:
608:
604:
600:
591:, among the
558:
527:, tasked by
518:
497:
481:
475:
444:
385:
365:Western Rite
361:Latin Church
354:
319:
309:(as well as
303:Vulgar Latin
286:and used in
271:
268:Church Latin
267:
260:
259:
223:
204:
197:
134:
93:Western Rite
3745:Judeo-Latin
3591:until 75 BC
3472:Latin cross
3439:Missa sicca
3404:Durham Rite
3399:Celtic Rite
2954:(1555–1663)
2942:(1524–1963)
2940:West Indies
2936:(1204–1964)
2930:(1098–1964)
2924:(1276–1964)
2891:Rui Valério
2878:East Indies
2726:West Syriac
2666:Missa sicca
2631:Durham Rite
2626:Celtic Rite
2388:Martyrology
2356:Gospel Book
2351:Euchologion
2324:Antiphonary
2198:(nighttime)
2161:Solemn Mass
2091:Holy Orders
1859:Ordo Missae
1589:, article 6
968:Current use
964:) in 2012.
930:tromocrates
914:armentarius
697:Pope Pius X
633:Württemberg
629:John Calvin
621:John Wesley
601:Paternoster
577:Reformation
569:Reformation
540:*/verdʒjær/
535:viridiarium
529:Charlemagne
392:Roman Canon
348:, known as
326:Charlemagne
324:as part of
238:instead of
89:Lutheranism
85:Anglicanism
3760:Categories
3623:Late Latin
3293:Roman Rite
3174:Tertullian
3073:Vatican II
2960:(560–1451)
2948:(560–1751)
2922:Alexandria
2521:Roman Rite
2472:Liturgical
2393:Pontifical
2371:Lectionary
2366:Horologion
2301:Procession
2171:Papal Mass
2058:Sacraments
2038:Sacraments
1937:13 October
1915:13 October
1883:Breviaries
1578:2015-03-27
1361:See it at
1348:2018-11-27
1163:2018-11-27
1134:2017-12-30
1061:References
992:seminaries
972:See also:
865:New Advent
842:gemination
717:See also:
705:(1937) by
695:(1903) by
671:in Latin.
657:vernacular
607:, and the
597:consistory
544:Old French
492:See also:
455:Septuagint
434:See also:
412:Ciceronian
338:Protestant
151:Early form
3665:Neo-Latin
3645:1300–1500
3595:Old Latin
3414:Sarum Use
3321:Zaire Use
3068:Vatican I
2869:Jerusalem
2731:Malankara
2641:Sarum Use
2548:Zaire Use
2346:Customary
2096:Matrimony
2076:Eucharist
2046:liturgies
1793:(1999) .
1217:Collins,
1176:Collins,
1066:Citations
1009:conclaves
1000:canon law
888:eponymous
800:(English
792:(English
661:canon law
637:Rhineland
605:Ave Maria
579:, in the
563:. One of
510:/sɛkulum/
288:Christian
199:Glottolog
187:ISO 639-3
157:Old Latin
37:Neo-Latin
3632:700–1500
3574:Ages of
3533:Category
3465:See also
3419:York Use
3395:British
3234:Language
3142:Barnabas
3113:Syracuse
3048:Humanism
3033:Crusades
2952:Ethiopia
2946:Aquileia
2918:(?−1964)
2916:Carthage
2857:cathedra
2695:Churches
2646:York Use
2622:British
2334:Breviary
2279:Exorcism
2269:Asperges
2252:Compline
2238:Evensong
2149:Low Mass
1997:Archived
1830:Archived
1649:, 1985)
1625:20 April
1555:1983 CIC
1547:Archived
1544:Can. 928
1508:1983 CIC
1504:Can. 249
1390:July 22,
1221:, pg. vi
1180:, pg. vi
1030:for the
996:pedagogy
982:and the
980:Holy See
514:*/knɪxt/
506:⟩
503:saeculum
500:⟨
295:theology
244:Help:IPA
3676:present
3660:present
3619:200–700
3521:* also
3379:Defunct
3271:Current
3190:Ambrose
3179:Cyprian
3018:Vulgate
2973:History
2928:Antioch
2909:Defunct
2852:Francis
2834:Current
2748:Malabar
2702:liturgy
2606:Defunct
2499:Current
2405:Psalter
2361:Gradual
2289:Requiem
2284:Funeral
2232:Vespers
2081:Penance
2066:Baptism
2048:of the
1597:Sources
988:priests
768:before
735:Italian
548:vergier
394:of the
367:of the
359:in the
291:liturgy
240:Unicode
95:of the
79:of the
75:of the
67:Extinct
3487:Turkey
3482:Latins
3333:Orders
3201:Jerome
2896:Venice
2887:Lisbon
2854:(with
2560:Orders
2427:Tonary
2410:Missal
2319:Agpeya
2244:Ramsha
2222:(noon)
2196:Matins
2044:, and
1976:Course
1841:Bibles
1709:about
1653:
1527:
1321:
1289:
1264:
1239:
1198:
1100:
902:birota
851:' or '
849:macron
796:) and
721:, and
615:, the
603:, the
589:Geneva
525:Alcuin
467:Jerome
410:, and
315:Hebrew
120:Italic
3674:1900–
3658:1300–
3576:Latin
3154:James
3137:Milan
3125:Malta
3118:Peter
3101:Peter
2958:Grado
2488:Latin
2474:rites
2226:Nones
2214:Terce
2208:Prime
2202:Lauds
2042:rites
958:Latin
832:) as
810:/tsi/
798:/d͡ʒ/
790:/t͡ʃ/
609:Credo
482:koine
478:Greek
476:koine
430:Usage
311:Greek
276:Latin
264:Latin
217:la-VA
174:Latin
130:Latin
3130:Paul
3106:Paul
3096:Rome
2849:Pope
2847:'):
2841:Rome
2823:(by
2220:Sext
2144:Mass
1939:2009
1917:2009
1651:ISBN
1627:2011
1525:ISBN
1392:2019
1319:ISBN
1287:ISBN
1262:ISBN
1237:ISBN
1196:ISBN
1098:ISBN
1055:Mass
1049:and
1036:Mass
1013:Pope
853:apex
784:and
764:and
752:and
743:and
653:Mass
396:Mass
375:and
313:and
305:and
212:IETF
205:None
87:and
35:and
2860:in
1693:186
838:/w/
834:/v/
820:or
402:'s
282:in
270:or
226:IPA
3762::
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1471:.
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1127:.
1116:^
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3192:*
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1533:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
