416:
143:
meaning North, indicating the
Northern origin of the Vadama Brahmins. However, what is not certain is whether 'North' refers to northern Tamil Nadu/Southern Deccan, or regions farther north. Other scholars are of the opinion that rather than the superficial indication of a northern origin for the
654:(1880–1963), founder of Rasika Ranjana Sabha, Trichy, talent scout, officer of the South Indian Railway Company, pioneered modern Tamil drama, Tamil cinema actor, also elected Mayor of Trichy in the 1920s
439:
among the Iyer community. They may also have organised the agraharams' defence in turbulent times for though there were not many who joined the army, they were not specifically forbidden to take to arms.
403:. Throughout the second half of the 19th century and the early 20th century there was intense political rivalry between the Vadamas and the Brahacharanams for the domination of Brahmin villages called
262:(1422–1435), when thousands of Hindus, especially Brahmins, were enslaved and temples of the northern Deccan desecrated. The oppression was also felt in the eastern peninsula as far as the
342:
of
Vijayanagar was killed and the capital city razed to the ground. The land, in addition to being plundered by the combined armies of the Sultanates, came to be oppressed by renegade
780:"From Landlords to Software Engineers: Migration and Urbanization among Tamil Brahmans", C. J. Fuller and Haripriya Narasimhan, London School of Economics and Political Science, 2008
906:"Sri Krishna Leela Tarangini" by Nārāyaṇatīrtha, Balasubrahmanya Natarajan, Balasubrahmanyam Venkataraman, Balasubrahmanyan Ramachandran, Mudgala Trust, 1990
579:
280:, for personally decapitating all the Brahmins. Such excesses induced Brahmins to seek refuge in the realms of Vijayanagar, where many were appointed
322:, the armies of Vijayanagar were successful in fending of invasions and restricting the Sultanates to Central India, especially in the reign of
985:
799:
498:
489:
873:
702:"Inequality and Its Perpetuation: A Theory of Social Stratification", Victor Salvadore D' Souza, University of California Press, 1981
990:
956:
933:
Sruti issue number 330, March 2012, a monthly magazine for the performing arts, published since 1983, by SRUTI Foundation, Chennai
399:
made ample use of the opportunities provided by
British rule to dominate the civil services, legislature and the judiciary in the
248:
Sultanate from 1347 to 1490, when the Moslem state broke up. This early period was marked by much strife, especially in the
854:'Sri Appayya Dikshita', N. Ramesan, Srimad Appayya Dikshitendra Granthavaliu Prakashana Samithi, Hyderabad, India, 1972
383:
from where they migrated to the northern part of Tamil Nadu in the 16th century where they were granted the village of
671:"South Indian Studies", Harogadde Manappa Nayak, Balakrishnan Raja Gopal, T. V. Mahalingam, Geetha Book House, 1990
606:
267:
980:
221:
520:
Vadamas have also significantly contributed towards popularizing and propagating the worship of Shiva and Devi.
648:, his father Ramaswami Bharathi and grandfather Kothandarama Bharathi, a family of eminent Carnatic musicians
326:(1509–1529), who also began the practice of appointing Brahmins commanders of strategically important forts.
975:
225:
538:
726:
645:
545:
philosophy's predominance in the South belonged to the
Vadadesa Vadama sect and migrated from places near
456:
610:
255:
558:
637:
452:
360:
203:
Some historians hold that all
Brahmins who migrated to the far-south during and after the age of the
241:
595:
575:
335:
111:. While some believe that their name is an indication of the fact that they were the most recent
507:
119:
others interpret the usage of the term "Vadama" as a reference to their strict adherence to the
415:
952:
869:
583:
534:
464:
400:
364:
259:
120:
92:
84:
651:
591:
587:
323:
263:
807:
630:, one of the doyens of Carnatic Music, a descendant of a group of Vadadesa Vadama who fled
562:
319:
472:
426:
396:
380:
372:
352:
invasion of
Peninsular India and the depredations of the Deccan by the Mahrattas under
136:
44:
969:
888:"Indian Music", Bigamudre Chaitanya Deva, Indian Council for Cultural Relations, 1974
602:
448:
349:
116:
108:
56:
681:
627:
204:
88:
431:
Caste, class, and power: changing patterns of stratification in a
Tanjore village
631:
614:
423:
368:
348:
and bandits whose rise commenced with the destruction of the central power. The
220:
Instability prevailed in
Peninsular India in the aftermath of the defeat of the
829:
725:'A History of South India from Pre-historic Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar',
244:
was founded in 1336, and came to be locked in an existential struggle with the
468:
460:
459:. Many others continued in the service of the kings of the princely states of
435:
315:
307:
291:
178:
156:
ritual, generally associated with the north prior to the first millennium CE.
36:
897:"Facets of Indian Culture", Ramanuja Srinivasan, Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, 1962
363:, a Vadadesa Vadama, believed that they were descended from Brahmins of the
924:"Bharati and the Fine Arts", T. S. Parthasarathy, publ. in "Shanmukha", 1982
497:
488:
339:
711:"History of Tamilnad", N. Subrahmanian, Koodal Publishers, Tamil Nadu, 1977
517:
The Vadama traditionally claim to be superior to other classes of Iyers.
376:
311:
287:
271:
233:
229:
149:
68:
506:
The crescent or U-mark applied with the
Gopichandanam is mostly used as
554:
550:
542:
384:
353:
344:
303:
282:
245:
237:
112:
789:"Tanjore District Handbook", Madras Record Office, Madras, India, 1957
915:"Studies in Arts and Sciences", S. Thiruvenkatachari, Ram Bros., 1978
40:
546:
444:
414:
276:
250:
153:
104:
80:
693:"Caste in Indian Politics", R. Kothari, Orient Longman, 2004
753:
Caste and class: dynamics of inequality in Indian society
395:
During the 19th century, the
Vadamas along with other
240:. In response to the Moslem irruptions the Kingdom of
680:"Peasant state and society in medieval South India",
164:
Vadamas are further sub-divided into five categories
864:Krishnan, Nilakanta (2011). Krishnan, Arjun (ed.).
549:. They were especially patronised by the rulers of
290:) in preference to other castes, from the reign of
74:
62:
50:
29:
123:and Vedic rituals which are of northerly origin.
16:Sub-sect of the Iyer community of Tamil Brahmins
609:: was also the Flag officer commanding for the
103:, meaning "Northerners", are a sub-sect of the
447:, many of the Vadama joined, the judiciary of
8:
580:Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
24:
270:(1463–1482) demolished the Great Temple of
729:, Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 1975
306:Sultanate in 1490, into the Sultanates of
23:
738:
721:
719:
717:
451:as lawyers and judges, or served in the
664:
541:legendary scholars who re-established
356:also began early in the 17th century.
148:would rather refer to proficiency in
7:
359:The relatives and family members of
30:Regions with significant populations
443:In the 19th century, as with other
419:Vadama Temple Priests in Tamil Nadu
334:Relative peace prevailed until the
207:, came to be classified as Vadama.
951:. Vakils, Feffer and Simmons Ltd.
806:. 30 November 2003. Archived from
14:
770:. Koodal Publishers. p. 334.
768:History of Tamilnad: to A.D. 1565
236:in the early 14th century by the
187:member of the conference (Sabha))
947:Shakunthala Jagannathan (1999).
496:
487:
433:, describes them as the biggest
684:, Oxford University Press, 1980
634:in the wake of a Muslim attack.
170:Vadamas of the northern country
1:
266:where, for instance in 1478,
135:may have originated from the
258:(1397–1422) and his brother
986:Social groups of Tamil Nadu
391:17th century to the present
1007:
830:"A Genius of Syama Sastri"
607:Indo-Pakistani War of 1971
302:After the division of the
268:Muhammad Shah III Lashkari
800:"A Kali Yuga woman saint"
79:
67:
55:
34:
991:South Indian communities
766:N. Subrahmanian (1978).
582:for his services to the
330:16th and 17th centuries
274:and was acclaimed as a
216:14th and 15th centuries
727:K. A. Nilakanta Sastri
646:Gopalakrishna Bharathi
420:
411:Traditional occupation
387:by a local chieftain.
751:R. Jayaraman (1981).
611:Eastern Naval Command
539:Neelakanta Deekshitar
418:
256:Taj ud-Din Firuz Shah
75:Related ethnic groups
949:Sir C. P. Remembered
868:. Punya Publishing.
739:Sir C. P. Remembered
640:, Carnatic musician
638:Muthuswamy Dikshitar
361:C. P. Ramaswami Iyer
294:(1336–1357) onward.
194:Thummagunta Dravida.
578:- Recipient of the
479:Religious practices
26:
576:Nilakanta Krishnan
421:
336:Battle of Talikota
298:Early 16th century
175:Choladesa Vadama (
834:www.carnatica.net
584:Royal Indian Navy
559:Chinnabomma Nayak
535:Appayya Dikshitar
401:Madras Presidency
260:Ahmad Shah I Wali
211:Second millennium
168:Vadadesa Vadama (
144:people, the term
121:Sanskrit language
98:
97:
93:Deshastha Brahmin
85:Vadagalai Iyengar
35:Indian states of
998:
981:Smarta tradition
962:
934:
931:
925:
922:
916:
913:
907:
904:
898:
895:
889:
886:
880:
879:
866:A Sailor's Story
861:
855:
852:
846:
845:
843:
841:
826:
820:
819:
817:
815:
796:
790:
787:
781:
778:
772:
771:
763:
757:
756:
748:
742:
736:
730:
723:
712:
709:
703:
700:
694:
691:
685:
678:
672:
669:
652:F.G. Natesa Iyer
617:during this war.
592:aircraft carrier
590:. Commanded the
588:Second World War
500:
491:
457:Revenue Services
429:, in his thesis
375:who migrated to
338:, in 1565, when
324:Krishnadeva Raya
264:Gajapati Kingdom
115:migrants to the
27:
1006:
1005:
1001:
1000:
999:
997:
996:
995:
966:
965:
959:
946:
943:
938:
937:
932:
928:
923:
919:
914:
910:
905:
901:
896:
892:
887:
883:
876:
863:
862:
858:
853:
849:
839:
837:
836:. 17 April 2002
828:
827:
823:
813:
811:
798:
797:
793:
788:
784:
779:
775:
765:
764:
760:
750:
749:
745:
737:
733:
724:
715:
710:
706:
701:
697:
692:
688:
679:
675:
670:
666:
661:
624:
572:
565:, respectively.
563:Tirumalai Nayak
531:
526:
516:
514:
513:
512:
511:
503:
502:
501:
493:
492:
481:
413:
393:
332:
300:
218:
213:
201:
177:Vadamas of the
162:
129:
22:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1004:
1002:
994:
993:
988:
983:
978:
976:Tamil Brahmins
968:
967:
964:
963:
957:
942:
939:
936:
935:
926:
917:
908:
899:
890:
881:
875:978-8189534134
874:
856:
847:
821:
804:Chennai Online
791:
782:
773:
758:
743:
731:
713:
704:
695:
686:
673:
663:
662:
660:
657:
656:
655:
649:
642:
641:
635:
623:
620:
619:
618:
571:
568:
567:
566:
530:
527:
525:
522:
510:by the Vadamas
505:
504:
495:
494:
486:
485:
484:
483:
482:
480:
477:
427:Andre Beteille
412:
409:
397:Tamil Brahmins
392:
389:
381:Andhra Pradesh
373:Madhya Pradesh
331:
328:
299:
296:
217:
214:
212:
209:
205:Gupta Emperors
200:
197:
196:
195:
192:
189:
183:
173:
161:
160:Sub-categories
158:
128:
125:
109:Tamil Brahmins
96:
95:
77:
76:
72:
71:
65:
64:
60:
59:
53:
52:
48:
47:
45:Andhra Pradesh
32:
31:
20:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1003:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
973:
971:
960:
958:81-87111-27-5
954:
950:
945:
944:
940:
930:
927:
921:
918:
912:
909:
903:
900:
894:
891:
885:
882:
877:
871:
867:
860:
857:
851:
848:
835:
831:
825:
822:
810:on 3 May 2008
809:
805:
801:
795:
792:
786:
783:
777:
774:
769:
762:
759:
755:. p. 89.
754:
747:
744:
740:
735:
732:
728:
722:
720:
718:
714:
708:
705:
699:
696:
690:
687:
683:
677:
674:
668:
665:
658:
653:
650:
647:
644:
643:
639:
636:
633:
629:
626:
625:
621:
616:
612:
608:
604:
603:Bay of Bengal
600:
599:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
574:
573:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
533:
532:
528:
523:
521:
518:
509:
499:
490:
478:
476:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
449:British India
446:
441:
438:
437:
432:
428:
425:
417:
410:
408:
406:
402:
398:
390:
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
346:
341:
337:
329:
327:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
305:
297:
295:
293:
289:
285:
284:
279:
278:
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257:
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231:
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223:
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184:
181:
180:
179:Chola country
174:
171:
167:
166:
165:
159:
157:
155:
151:
147:
142:
138:
134:
126:
124:
122:
118:
117:Tamil country
114:
110:
107:community of
106:
102:
94:
90:
86:
82:
78:
73:
70:
66:
61:
58:
57:Brahmin Tamil
54:
49:
46:
42:
38:
33:
28:
19:
948:
929:
920:
911:
902:
893:
884:
865:
859:
850:
840:11 September
838:. Retrieved
833:
824:
814:11 September
812:. Retrieved
808:the original
803:
794:
785:
776:
767:
761:
752:
746:
734:
707:
698:
689:
682:Burton Stein
676:
667:
628:Syama Sastri
597:
519:
515:
453:Indian Civil
442:
434:
430:
422:
404:
394:
379:district of
358:
343:
333:
301:
281:
275:
249:
219:
202:
186:
176:
169:
163:
145:
140:
132:
130:
100:
99:
89:Tamil people
21:Ethnic group
18:
632:Conjeeveram
615:Indian Navy
586:during the
537:and nephew
424:Sociologist
369:Maharashtra
242:Vijayanagar
970:Categories
941:References
508:caste mark
469:Pudukottai
461:Travancore
436:mirasidars
405:agraharams
367:region of
316:Ahmadnagar
292:Harihara I
185:Sabhaiyar(
37:Tamil Nadu
596:INS
340:Rama Raya
272:Kondavidu
230:Kakatiyas
191:Injee and
131:The term
127:Etymology
51:Languages
570:Military
529:Religion
524:Notables
377:Chittoor
345:polygars
312:Golconda
288:bailiffs
238:Tughlaqs
234:Warangal
150:Sanskrit
146:"vadama"
69:Hinduism
63:Religion
613:of the
605:during
601:in the
598:Vikrant
555:Madurai
551:Vellore
543:Advaita
385:Chetpet
354:Shivaji
308:Bijapur
304:Bahmani
283:karnams
246:Bahmani
226:Deogiri
222:Yadavas
199:History
141:Vadakku
113:Brahmin
955:
872:
741:, Pg 7
473:Ramnad
471:, and
465:Mysore
251:jihads
133:Vadama
101:Vadama
41:Kerala
25:Vadama
659:Notes
547:Nasik
445:Iyers
350:Mogul
320:Berar
277:ghazi
154:Vedic
139:term
137:Tamil
953:ISBN
870:ISBN
842:2008
816:2008
622:Arts
561:and
553:and
455:and
371:and
365:Desh
318:and
228:and
152:and
105:Iyer
81:Iyer
43:and
254:of
232:of
224:of
972::
832:.
802:.
716:^
594:,
557:,
475:.
467:,
463:,
407:.
314:,
310:,
91:,
87:,
83:,
39:,
961:.
878:.
844:.
818:.
286:(
182:)
172:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.