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418:
56:
393:
45:
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212:
and reached 80°26'N in 1765 and 80°30'N in 1766, both expeditions failed to find the route. However, at that time it was the maximum progress of ships to the north; the expedition participants also carried out a large volume of
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Ivanov, G. V.; Kostyukov, A. D.; Tashlykov, S. L. (2020). "Военно-исторические аспекты освоения российского арктического пространства".
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Velichko, Konstantin I.; Novitsky, Vasily F.; Schwarz, Aleksey V. von; Apushkin, Vladimir A.; Schoultz, Gustav K. von (1912).
3139:
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569:] (in Russian). Vol. VII: Воинская честь — Гимнастика военная. Moscow: Типография Т-ва И. Д. Сытина. pp. 99–101
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affairs, though indecision prevented him from achieving strategic success at the battle of
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362:'s favor. Such a resounding success at Reval, despite the huge Swedish superiority in
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366:, was to a great extent due to the Russian superiority in ship equipment (see
355:
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149:
3013:
1850:
1402:
1185:
472:
I class (26 Jul. 1790) – "for victory in the Battle of Vyborg (Vyborg Bay)".
315:
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31:
55:
2945:
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129:
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1143:
241:
595:
1204:
30:
For other uses of "Chichagov" and people with similar names, see
225:
observations, describing the animal and plant life of
Svalbard.
3782:
Russian military personnel of the Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
2395:
637:
599:
535:
144:
Joining the Navy at the age of 16, Chichagov was educated in
196:, was put in charge of the expedition with three ships, the
3762:
Recipients of the Order of St. George of the First Degree
268:, and a mountain at Svalbard are named after Chichagov.
3777:
Emigrants from the
Russian Empire to the United Kingdom
465:(1790) – "for victory in the Battle of Revel (Reval)";
88:
3373:
3104:
2691:
2431:
1804:
1335:
1180:
678:
3787:Burials at Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)
306:. When the war over, he administered the ports of
294:'s reign, Chichagov was made responsible for the
330:. He won over and/or steadfastly fought against
160:(after he had settled into retirement in 1797).
97:28 February] 1726 – 16 April [
553:Lomonosov's Project and Chichagov's Expedition
184:oceans by sailing along the northern coast of
611:
451:IV class (26 Nov. 1773) – "for 18 campaigns";
8:
2405:
2392:
647:
634:
618:
604:
596:
358:the same year and thus ending the war in
3676:Pole of Inaccessibility research station
188:. Chichagov, then serving as the deputy
113:by fighting three major battles, and an
3251:Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
511:
488:
373:
156:woman, and spend his last years in the
148:. Throughout his life, he would become
580:
463:Order of Saint Andrew the First-Called
7:
302:warships from gaining access to the
172:organized an expedition to find the
3037:Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition
1234:Norse colonization of North America
150:enthusiastic for all things British
3747:Russian explorers of North America
2566:United States Exploring Expedition
25:
3742:Explorers from the Russian Empire
3640:Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station
3008:Australasian Antarctic Expedition
109:who distinguished himself in the
3752:Russian explorers of the Pacific
3534:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
2927:Amundsen's South Pole expedition
416:
392:
376:
54:
43:
456:Order of Saint Alexander Nevsky
101:4 April] 1809) was an
3767:Explorers of the United States
3737:Imperial Russian Navy admirals
498:: Василій Яковлевичъ Чичаговъ
64:Depictions of Vasily Chichagov
1:
2913:Japanese Antarctic Expedition
2848:Scottish Antarctic Expedition
587:: CS1 maint: date and year (
478:Notes, references and sources
282:Russo-Swedish War (1788–1790)
278:Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774)
3270:Soviet Antarctic Expeditions
3086:Shackleton–Rowett Expedition
2892:French Antarctic Expeditions
2822:Swedish Antarctic Expedition
2708:Belgian Antarctic Expedition
826:Lady Franklin Bay Expedition
525:(in Russian) (6). Moscow: 7.
71:Vasily Yakovlevich Chichagov
2355:Nuclear-powered icebreakers
2034:Austro-Hungarian Expedition
899:Andrée's balloon expedition
567:Sytin Military Encyclopedia
562:Военная энциклопедия Сытина
350:proved his high ability in
346:. Victory in the battle of
296:defense of the Kerch Strait
89:
27:Russian admiral (1726–1809)
3803:
1556:Franklin's lost expedition
1256:Christian IV's expeditions
522:Военно-исторический журнал
275:
208:. Although he sailed past
90:Vasiliy Yakovlevič Čičagov
29:
2408:
2404:
2391:
1910:Great Northern Expedition
1586:Rae–Richardson expedition
786:British Arctic Expedition
650:
646:
633:
79:Василий Яковлевич Чичагов
78:
3194:British Antarctic Survey
3188:Captain Arturo Prat Base
2433:Antarctic/Southern Ocean
423:Tomb of V. Y. Chichagov.
322:(1788–1790), he was the
3757:Russian polar explorers
3670:Pole of inaccessibility
3333:Antarctic Treaty System
1674:2nd Grinnell expedition
288:first Russo-Turkish War
168:In 1764, the scientist
336:Battle of Öland (1789)
244:, the bay and cape of
152:, eventually marry an
3340:Transglobe Expedition
3239:Operation Deep Freeze
2648:Challenger expedition
1514:Coppermine expedition
1035:Drifting ice stations
470:Order of Saint George
449:Order of Saint George
368:Reval order of battle
238:Alexander Archipelago
124:He was the father of
93:; 11 March [
536:Velichko et al. 1912
496:Pre-1918 orthography
426:Lazarevskoe Cemetery
344:Battle of Vyborg Bay
3510:South magnetic pole
2176:Brusilov expedition
1285:Danish colonization
723:North magnetic pole
442:Order of Saint Anna
132:admiral during the
111:Russian–Swedish war
3201:Operation Windmill
3182:Operation Highjump
2157:Rusanov expedition
2062:A. E. Nordenskiöld
1806:North East Passage
1610:McClure expedition
468: •
461: •
454: •
447: •
440: •
324:commander-in-chief
3714:
3713:
3710:
3709:
3706:
3705:
3168:Operation Tabarin
3030:Far Eastern Party
2876:Nimrod Expedition
2387:
2386:
2383:
2382:
1946:M. Pronchishcheva
1868:Siberian Cossacks
1337:Northwest Passage
670:Research stations
627:Polar exploration
405:Alexey Bogolyubov
383:V. Ya. Chichagov
364:ships of the line
320:Russo-Swedish War
298:, preventing the
260:on the island of
250:Marquesas Islands
232:Archipelago, the
174:Northeast Passage
87:
16:(Redirected from
3794:
3215:Ronne Expedition
2700:
2694:
2558:Dumont d'Urville
2406:
2393:
1941:V. Pronchishchev
648:
635:
620:
613:
606:
597:
592:
586:
578:
576:
574:
539:
533:
527:
526:
516:
499:
493:
420:
396:
387:by A. E. Munster
380:
266:Aleutian Islands
258:Chichagof Harbor
254:French Polynesia
240:in southeastern
234:Chichagof Island
194:Arkhangelsk Port
92:
82:
80:
58:
47:
21:
18:Vasili Chichagov
3802:
3801:
3797:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3717:
3716:
3715:
3702:
3377:
3369:
3245:McMurdo Station
3114:Modern research
3112:
3100:
2835:O. Nordenskjöld
2698:
2692:
2687:
2603:Ross expedition
2427:
2400:
2379:
1808:
1800:
1341:Northern Canada
1339:
1331:
1184:
1176:
682:
674:
642:
629:
624:
579:
572:
570:
558:
548:
543:
542:
534:
530:
518:
517:
513:
508:
503:
502:
494:
490:
485:
480:
475:
458:(24 Nov. 1782);
436:
431:
428:
424:
421:
412:
409:Ivan Aivazovsky
401:Battle of Reval
397:
388:
381:
342:(1790) and the
340:Battle of Reval
284:
276:Main articles:
274:
272:Military career
166:
142:
134:Napoleonic Wars
126:Pavel Chichagov
117:who researched
68:
67:
66:
65:
61:
60:
59:
50:
49:
48:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
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11:
5:
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3666:
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3664:
3662:Vostok Station
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3616:
3615:
3613:Cherry-Garrard
3610:
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3505:
3504:
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3489:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3463:
3462:
3461:
3453:Southern Cross
3449:
3448:
3447:
3434:
3433:
3432:
3419:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3399:
3398:
3397:
3383:
3381:
3375:Farthest South
3371:
3370:
3368:
3367:
3362:
3355:
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3329:
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3102:
3101:
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3082:
3081:
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3072:Ross Sea party
3068:
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3052:
3047:
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3024:
3019:
3004:
2999:
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2811:
2797:
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2769:
2766:Southern Cross
2759:Southern Cross
2755:
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2509:
2508:
2507:
2505:Bellingshausen
2495:
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2305:
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2253:
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2237:
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2201:
2196:
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2170:
2165:
2153:
2148:
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2136:
2131:
2117:
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2115:
2101:
2100:
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2089:
2071:
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2069:
2064:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2042:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1948:
1943:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
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1876:
1871:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1847:
1842:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1814:
1812:
1810:Russian Arctic
1802:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1793:
1792:
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1777:
1776:
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1770:
1756:
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1400:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1345:
1343:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1300:
1295:
1294:
1293:
1281:
1280:
1279:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1252:
1247:
1245:Snæbjörn galti
1242:
1237:
1230:
1225:
1220:
1215:
1208:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1147:
1140:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1112:
1102:
1101:
1100:
1095:
1081:
1074:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1038:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1024:
1019:
1007:
1006:
1005:
991:
982:
981:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
946:
941:
936:
935:
934:
929:
914:
909:
908:
907:
895:
894:
893:
881:
880:
879:
874:
869:
864:
846:
845:
844:
839:
834:
822:
821:
820:
815:
810:
802:
797:
782:
781:
780:
775:
770:
753:
752:
751:
746:
741:
736:
731:
719:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
688:
686:
680:Farthest North
676:
675:
673:
672:
667:
662:
657:
651:
644:
643:
638:
631:
630:
625:
623:
622:
615:
608:
600:
594:
593:
556:
547:
544:
541:
540:
528:
510:
509:
507:
504:
501:
500:
487:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
473:
466:
459:
452:
445:
437:
435:
432:
430:
429:
422:
415:
413:
398:
391:
389:
382:
375:
372:
273:
270:
223:meteorological
165:
162:
158:United Kingdom
141:
138:
63:
62:
53:
52:
51:
42:
41:
40:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3799:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3730:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3682:
3679:
3677:
3674:
3673:
3672:
3671:
3667:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
3621:
3618:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3468:
3464:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3455:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3443:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3435:
3431:
3428:
3427:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3406:
3405:
3400:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3391:
3390:
3385:
3384:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3372:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3324:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3305:
3304:
3300:
3296:
3295:
3291:
3289:
3286:
3284:
3281:
3280:
3279:
3278:
3274:
3273:
3272:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3236:
3232:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3219:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3205:
3204:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3175:
3172:
3171:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3095:
3094:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3074:
3073:
3069:
3067:
3066:
3065:
3060:
3056:
3053:
3051:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3012:
3011:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3003:
3000:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2879:
2878:
2877:
2873:
2871:
2870:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2857:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2804:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2794:
2793:Discovery Hut
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2783:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2712:
2711:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2704:
2702:
2697:
2690:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2635:
2631:
2630:
2625:
2622:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2596:
2593:
2592:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2570:
2569:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2542:
2539:
2537:
2534:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2459:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2436:
2434:
2430:
2424:
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2399:
2394:
2390:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2351:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2325:
2324:
2323:A. Sibiryakov
2320:
2316:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2297:
2296:
2295:Glavsevmorput
2292:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2227:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2178:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2158:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2114:
2111:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2102:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2055:
2050:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1962:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1952:
1949:
1947:
1944:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1913:
1912:
1911:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1900:
1897:
1895:
1892:
1890:
1887:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1869:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1831:
1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1815:
1813:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1797:
1794:
1790:
1787:
1786:
1785:
1784:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1764:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1745:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1713:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1683:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1675:
1671:
1667:
1664:
1663:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1619:
1614:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1597:J. Richardson
1595:
1593:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1544:
1543:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1528:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1433:
1432:
1431:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1388:
1387:
1386:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1359:M. Corte-Real
1357:
1355:
1354:G. Corte-Real
1352:
1350:
1347:
1346:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1307:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1292:
1289:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1277:C. Richardson
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1263:
1260:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1137:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1118:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1109:
1103:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1089:
1088:
1087:
1086:Georgiy Sedov
1082:
1080:
1079:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1037:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1001:
1000:
999:
998:
997:
992:
990:
989:
988:
983:
979:
976:
974:
973:Riiser-Larsen
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
955:
954:
953:
952:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
933:
930:
928:
925:
924:
923:
922:
921:
915:
913:
910:
906:
903:
902:
901:
900:
896:
892:
889:
888:
887:
886:
882:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
862:
858:
857:
856:
855:
853:
847:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
828:
827:
823:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
808:
803:
801:
798:
796:
795:
790:
789:
788:
787:
783:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
768:
764:
763:
762:
761:
759:
754:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
726:
725:
724:
720:
718:
715:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
689:
687:
685:
681:
677:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
652:
649:
645:
641:
636:
632:
628:
621:
616:
614:
609:
607:
602:
601:
598:
590:
584:
568:
564:
563:
557:
554:
550:
549:
545:
537:
532:
529:
524:
523:
515:
512:
505:
497:
492:
489:
482:
477:
471:
467:
464:
460:
457:
453:
450:
446:
443:
439:
438:
433:
427:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
395:
390:
386:
379:
374:
371:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
318:. During the
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
283:
279:
271:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
243:
239:
235:
231:
230:Novaya Zemlya
226:
224:
220:
219:oceanographic
216:
211:
207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
183:
179:
175:
171:
163:
161:
159:
155:
151:
147:
146:Great Britain
139:
137:
135:
131:
127:
122:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
91:
85:
76:
72:
57:
46:
37:
33:
19:
3772:Baltic Fleet
3668:
3656:Pole of Cold
3654:
3580:
3571:
3539:
3532:
3508:
3479:
3465:
3459:Borchgrevink
3451:
3438:
3423:
3403:
3388:
3357:
3338:
3331:
3315:
3301:
3292:
3275:
3268:
3249:
3237:
3213:
3199:
3192:
3180:
3166:
3152:
3138:
3131:
3092:
3084:
3070:
3063:
3061:
3043:
3035:
3028:
3015:
3006:
2968:
2960:
2951:
2944:
2932:
2925:
2911:
2899:Pourquoi-Pas
2898:
2890:
2882:
2874:
2869:Orcadas Base
2867:
2859:
2846:
2840:C. A. Larsen
2828:
2820:
2806:
2799:
2786:
2778:
2772:Borchgrevink
2765:
2757:
2714:
2706:
2681:C. A. Larsen
2674:
2655:
2646:
2628:
2610:
2601:
2588:
2573:
2564:
2551:
2512:
2498:
2491:
2472:
2457:
2367:
2360:
2343:
2336:
2322:
2307:
2293:
2280:
2255:
2241:
2239:
2225:
2223:
2217:
2215:
2181:
2174:
2155:
2121:
2119:
2105:
2103:
2085:
2075:
2073:
2053:
2051:
2032:
1967:
1908:
1866:
1849:
1817:
1781:
1779:
1759:
1758:
1738:
1737:
1723:
1710:
1695:
1681:
1672:
1659:
1630:
1618:Investigator
1617:
1608:
1584:
1571:
1563:
1554:
1541:
1512:
1489:
1474:
1459:
1429:
1414:
1384:
1303:
1283:
1254:
1250:Erik the Red
1232:
1210:
1203:
1160:submersibles
1157:
1151:Arktika 2007
1149:
1142:
1135:
1132:
1116:
1107:
1104:
1085:
1083:
1076:
1069:
1040:
1033:
1009:
995:
994:
986:
984:
950:
948:
919:
916:
905:S. A. Andrée
897:
884:
859:
851:
848:
824:
806:
793:
784:
766:
757:
755:
721:
571:. Retrieved
566:
561:
555:. SPb, 1854.
552:
551:A. Sokolov.
531:
520:
514:
491:
444:(Oct. 1772);
328:Baltic Fleet
285:
256:, the inlet
227:
205:
201:
197:
176:between the
167:
143:
123:
107:Russian Navy
70:
69:
36:
3732:1809 deaths
3727:1726 births
3359:Lake Vostok
3309:Tryoshnikov
3231:Schlossbach
3122:Christensen
3064:James Caird
2985:E. R. Evans
2751:Dobrowolski
2721:de Gerlache
2423:Expeditions
2309:Aviaarktika
2263:Samoylovich
2134:Kolomeitsev
2028:Middendorff
1988:Gedenshtrom
1408:I. Fyodorov
1170:Chilingarov
1058:E. Fyodorov
665:Expeditions
411:'s painting
308:Arkhangelsk
304:Sea of Azov
286:During the
228:Islands of
215:geophysical
164:Expeditions
3721:Categories
3582:Terra Nova
3487:Shackleton
3430:J. C. Ross
3389:Resolution
3379:South Pole
3154:New Swabia
3078:Mackintosh
3050:Shackleton
2969:Terra Nova
2962:Terra Nova
2696:Heroic Age
2656:Challenger
2616:J. C. Ross
2526:Bransfield
2458:Resolution
2373:icebreaker
2337:Chelyuskin
2078:expedition
2056:Expedition
1998:Matyushkin
1956:Kh. Laptev
1951:Chelyuskin
1845:Heemskerck
1835:Chancellor
1830:Willoughby
1825:Koch boats
1768:Stefansson
1702:McClintock
1666:Inglefield
1508:J. C. Ross
1415:Resolution
1267:Cunningham
1165:Sagalevich
854:expedition
813:Stephenson
773:C. F. Hall
760:expedition
734:J. C. Ross
697:Heemskerck
684:North Pole
506:References
385:lithograph
190:commandant
140:Background
3681:Tolstikov
3467:Discovery
3437:HMS
3422:HMS
3404:Adventure
3402:HMS
3387:HMS
3323:Tolstikov
3044:Endurance
2829:Antarctic
2814:Drygalski
2787:Discovery
2780:Discovery
2741:Arctowski
2654:HMS
2627:HMS
2621:Abernethy
2609:HMS
2587:USS
2574:Vincennes
2572:USS
2552:Astrolabe
2492:San Telmo
2473:Adventure
2471:HMS
2456:HMS
2451:Kerguelen
2413:Continent
2398:Antarctic
2275:Urvantsev
2233:Vilkitsky
2086:Jeannette
2084:USS
2076:Jeannette
2040:Weyprecht
2018:Pakhtusov
1968:Chichagov
1961:D. Laptev
1904:Permyakov
1879:Stadukhin
1874:Perfilyev
1851:Mangazeya
1789:H. Larsen
1754:Rasmussen
1709:HMS
1680:USS
1629:HMS
1616:HMS
1580:Collinson
1570:HMS
1562:HMS
1540:HMS
1488:HMS
1473:HMS
1458:HMS
1443:Mackenzie
1430:Discovery
1428:HMS
1413:HMS
1385:Discovery
1364:Frobisher
1327:Rasmussen
1240:Gunnbjörn
1186:Greenland
1115:USS
1106:USS
978:Ellsworth
920:Roosevelt
850:Nansen's
807:Discovery
805:HMS
792:HMS
739:Abernethy
707:Marmaduke
583:cite book
573:25 August
316:Kronstadt
292:Catherine
248:, in the
246:Nuka Hiva
198:Chichagov
170:Lomonosov
84:romanized
32:Chichagov
3693:A. Fuchs
3650:V. Fuchs
3630:McKinley
3593:E. Evans
3552:Bjaaland
3547:Amundsen
3497:Marshall
3410:Furneaux
3262:V. Fuchs
3226:E. Ronne
3221:F. Ronne
3160:Ritscher
3014:SY
3002:Filchner
2946:Framheim
2940:Amundsen
2746:Racoviță
2731:Amundsen
2726:Lecointe
2595:Ringgold
2589:Porpoise
2479:Furneaux
2315:Shevelev
2270:Begichev
2249:Amundsen
2211:Nagórski
2189:Brusilov
2183:Sv. Anna
2097:Melville
2067:Palander
2023:Tsivolko
1983:Sannikov
1978:Billings
1921:Chirikov
1840:Barentsz
1782:St. Roch
1773:Bartlett
1747:Amundsen
1731:Sverdrup
1631:Resolute
1520:Franklin
1448:Kotzebue
1315:Sverdrup
1298:Scoresby
1272:Lindenov
1123:Plaisted
1108:Nautilus
1053:Shirshov
1027:Belyakov
1022:Baydukov
996:Nautilus
958:Amundsen
918:SS
877:Sverdrup
872:Johansen
842:Brainard
837:Lockwood
692:Barentsz
210:Svalbard
204:and the
178:Atlantic
119:Svalbard
115:explorer
3698:Messner
3645:Hillary
3625:Balchen
3573:Polheim
3567:Wisting
3445:Crozier
3417:Weddell
3395:J. Cook
3365:Kapitsa
3346:Fiennes
3288:Klenova
3257:Hillary
3207:Ketchum
3133:BANZARE
3108:·
2953:Polheim
2919:Shirase
2905:Charcot
2715:Belgica
2634:Crozier
2546:Morrell
2541:Weddell
2519:Lazarev
2464:J. Cook
2418:History
2368:Arktika
2344:Krassin
2329:Voronin
2301:Schmidt
2287:Ushakov
2226:Vaygach
2194:Albanov
2163:Rusanov
2144:Kolchak
2139:Matisen
2113:Makarov
2092:De Long
1993:Wrangel
1973:Lyakhov
1926:Malygin
1884:Dezhnev
1711:Pandora
1682:Advance
1649:Kennedy
1644:Belcher
1637:Kellett
1624:McClure
1548:Beechey
1542:Blossom
1535:Simpson
1503:Crozier
1496:Hoppner
1453:J. Ross
1421:J. Cook
1369:Gilbert
1262:J. Hall
1228:Ingólfr
1218:Naddodd
1212:Vikings
1199:Brendan
1194:Pytheas
1182:Iceland
1136:Arktika
1128:Herbert
1093:Badygin
1063:Krenkel
1048:Papanin
1017:Chkalov
1003:Wilkins
968:Wisting
912:F. Cook
818:Markham
778:Bessels
767:Polaris
758:Polaris
729:J. Ross
712:Carolus
660:History
546:Sources
334:in the
326:of the
300:Ottoman
264:in the
236:in the
206:Babayev
186:Siberia
182:Pacific
154:English
130:Russian
105:in the
103:admiral
86::
75:Russian
3608:Bowers
3603:Wilson
3562:Hassel
3557:Helmer
3526:Mackay
3516:Mawson
3481:Nimrod
3439:Terror
3424:Erebus
3351:Burton
3146:Rymill
3022:Mawson
3016:Aurora
2995:Lashly
2980:Wilson
2883:Nimrod
2860:Scotia
2667:Murray
2642:Cooper
2629:Terror
2611:Erebus
2580:Wilkes
2531:Palmer
2499:Vostok
2446:Bouvet
2370:-class
2350:Gakkel
2218:Taymyr
2199:Konrad
2168:Kuchin
2106:Yermak
2013:Lavrov
1931:Ovtsyn
1916:Bering
1894:Ivanov
1857:Hudson
1819:Pomors
1796:Cowper
1761:Karluk
1660:Isabel
1654:Bellot
1604:Austin
1572:Terror
1564:Erebus
1460:Griper
1436:Clerke
1396:Baffin
1379:Hudson
1310:Nansen
1223:Garðar
1144:Barneo
1011:ANT-25
987:Italia
963:Nobile
932:Henson
891:Amedeo
867:Nansen
832:Greely
702:Hudson
640:Arctic
434:Honors
407:after
360:Russia
356:Vyborg
338:, the
332:Sweden
314:, and
242:Alaska
200:, the
3688:Crary
3635:Dufek
3598:Oates
3588:Scott
3521:David
3502:Adams
3473:Barne
3294:Mirny
3283:Somov
3093:Quest
2990:Crean
2975:Scott
2854:Bruce
2808:Gauss
2801:Gauss
2675:Jason
2662:Nares
2536:Davis
2513:Mirny
2486:Smith
2441:Roché
2361:Lenin
2281:Sadko
2206:Wiese
2151:Sedov
2122:Zarya
2045:Payer
2008:Litke
2003:Anjou
1936:Minin
1899:Vagin
1889:Popov
1862:Poole
1717:Young
1530:Dease
1475:Hecla
1466:Parry
1391:Bylot
1374:Davis
1349:Cabot
1322:Peary
1304:Jason
1291:Egede
1205:Papar
1117:Skate
1098:Wiese
1078:NP-37
1071:NP-36
951:Norge
939:Sedov
927:Peary
885:Jason
800:Nares
794:Alert
749:Hayes
717:Parry
655:Ocean
565:[
483:Notes
352:naval
348:Reval
312:Revel
202:Panov
3620:Byrd
3541:Fram
3492:Wild
3174:Marr
3140:BGLE
3127:Byrd
3055:Wild
2934:Fram
2736:Cook
2257:AARI
2242:Maud
2129:Toll
2054:Vega
1740:Gjøa
1725:Fram
1688:Kane
1525:Back
1490:Fury
1481:Lyon
1403:Munk
1042:NP-1
944:Byrd
861:Fram
852:Fram
744:Kane
589:link
575:2023
399:The
280:and
262:Attu
221:and
180:and
128:, a
99:O.S.
95:O.S.
3317:3rd
3303:2nd
3277:1st
3110:IGY
3106:IPY
1696:Fox
1592:Rae
1158:Mir
1134:NS
403:by
370:).
290:of
252:of
192:of
3723::
2222:/
585:}}
581:{{
310:,
217:,
136:.
121:.
81:,
77::
2699:"
2693:"
2636:)
2632:(
2623:)
2614:(
619:e
612:t
605:v
591:)
577:.
538:.
73:(
34:.
20:)
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