315:, which is considered his masterpiece. The duck had over 400 moving parts in each wing alone, and could flap its wings, drink water, seemingly digest grain, and seemingly defecate. Although Vaucanson's duck supposedly demonstrated digestion accurately, his duck actually contained a hidden compartment of "digested food", so that what the duck defecated was not the same as what it ate; the duck would eat a mixture of water and seed and excrete a mixture of bread crumbs and green dye that appeared to the onlooker indistinguishable from real excrement. Although such frauds were sometimes controversial, they were common enough because such scientific demonstrations needed to entertain the wealthy and powerful to attract their patronage. Vaucanson is credited as having invented the world's first flexible rubber tube while in the process of building the duck's intestines. Despite the revolutionary nature of his automata, he is said to have tired quickly of his creations and sold them in 1743.
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298:, court musician and long-time flute instructor to Frederick II of Prussia, discussed the shortcomings of Vaucanson's mechanical flute player. In particular its inability to sufficiently move the lips resulted in the necessity of increasing the wind pressure for the upper octaves. Quantz discouraged this method as producing a shrill, unpleasant tone.
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in France. It was designed to produce precision cylindrical rollers for crushing patterns into silk cloth. These were of copper rather than steel, so far easier to turn on a lathe, which may account for
Vaucanson's omission from such works as Derry & Williams, who place this invention around
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in France. He was charged with undertaking reforms of the silk manufacturing process. At the time, the French weaving industry had fallen behind that of
England and Scotland. During this time, Vaucanson promoted wide-ranging changes for automation of the weaving process. In 1745, he created the
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and had a repertoire of twelve songs. The figure's fingers were not pliable enough to play the flute correctly, so
Vaucanson had to glove the creation in skin. The following year, in early 1738, he presented his creation to the Académie des Sciences.
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At the time, mechanical creatures were somewhat a fad in Europe, but most could be classified as toys, and de
Vaucanson's creations were recognized as being revolutionary in their mechanical lifelike sophistication.
251:, from whom he would learn the details of anatomy. This new knowledge allowed him to develop his first mechanical devices that mimicked biological vital functions such as circulation, respiration, and digestion.
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At just 18 years of age, Vaucanson was given his own workshop in Lyon, and a grant from a nobleman to construct a set of machines. In that same year of 1727, there was a visit from one of the governing heads of
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would serve dinner and clear the tables for the visiting politicians. However, one government official declared that he thought
Vaucanson's tendencies "profane", and ordered that his workshop be destroyed.
203:. The lathe is known as the mother of machine tools, as it was the first machine tool that led to the invention of other machine tools. He was responsible for the creation of impressive and innovative
876:
Collis, Robert (2005). ""A Veritable
Eldorado": European Wondermongers in Russia, 1755–1803". In Waegemans, Emmanuel; von Koningsbrugge, Hans; Levitt, Marcus; Ljustrov, Mikhail (eds.).
431:. In 1783, it was reported that the automata once exhibited by Dumoulin were still stored in Russia, but Dumoulin had manipulated them so that they would not work after his death.
423:. Some had been sold to a glovemaker called Pierre Dumoulin (d. 1781), who exhibited them throughout Europe with great success. Dumoulin’s shows with Vaucanson’s automata in
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form. His proposals were not well received by weavers, however, who pelted him with stones in the street and many of his revolutionary ideas were largely ignored.
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more than a half-century later, would revolutionize weaving and, in the twentieth century, would be used to input data into computers and store information in
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247:. It was his intention at the time to follow a course of religious studies, but he regained his interest in mechanical devices after meeting the surgeon
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Vaucanson’s proposals for the automation of the weaving process, although ignored during his lifetime, were later perfected and implemented by
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235:). The tenth child of a glove-maker, he grew up poor, and in his youth he reportedly aspired to become a clockmaker. He studied under the
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in Paris. His original automata have all been lost. The flute player and the tambourine player were reportedly destroyed in the
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322:, who sought to bring him to his court. Vaucanson refused, however, wishing to serve his own country.
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Jacques de
Vaucanson died in Paris in 1782. Vaucanson left a collection of his work as a bequest to
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Wang, Yanyu (2020). "Jacques de
Vaucanson (1709–1782)". In Ceccarelli, Marco; Fang, Yibing (eds.).
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Bd. 5, S. 452, Zweite, vollständig neu bearbeitete
Auflage, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt Stuttgart, Lei
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All three of Vaucanson's Automata: the Flute Player, the Digesting Duck, and the Tambourine Player.
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Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science: Their Contributions and Legacies, Part 4
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David M. Fryer, John C. Marshall (April 1979). "The Motives of Jaques de Vaucanson".
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Le Métier, la Chaîne et le Réseau (petite histoire de la vie ouvrière)
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394:. Others place his invention in 1751. The lathe was described in the
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594:"Living Dolls: A Magical History Of The Quest For Mechanical Life"
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world's first completely automated loom, drawing on the work of
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A Century Mad and Wise: Russia in the Age of the Enlightenment
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Lexikon der gesamten Technik und ihrer Hilfswissenschaften.
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Versuch einer Anweisung die Flöte traversiere zu spielen
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In 1760 he invented the first industrial metal cutting
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Attempt at instruction in playing the transverse flute
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Later that year, he created two additional automata,
415:. The collection would become the foundation of the
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195:inventor and artist who built the first all-metal
318:His inventions brought him to the attention of
272:. Vaucanson decided to make some androids. The
191:; February 24, 1709 – November 21, 1782) was a
505:Textbook of Elements of Mechanical Engineering
359:. Vaucanson was trying to automate the French
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843:T.K. Derry & Trevor I. Williams (1960).
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207:. He also was the first person to design an
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949:Members of the French Academy of Sciences
816:"Metal-turning lathe – Jacques Vaucanson"
231:"de" was later added to his name by the
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617:"on Jacques de Vaucanson and his Duck"
338:In 1741 de Vaucanson was appointed by
27:French inventor and artist (1709–1782)
865:. New York: Springer. pp. 15–46.
378:In 1746, he was made a member of the
346:, as inspector of the manufacture of
199:. This invention was crucial for the
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619:. Swarthmore College. Archived from
427:started the fashion of automata in
367:– a technology that, as refined by
569:"Jacques de Vaucanson (1709-1782)"
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417:Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers
531:Account by Christiane Lagarrigue
830:"Tour à charioter de Vaucanson"
703:Biography at Vaucanson.org (fr)
641:Quantz, Johann Joachim (1752).
110:Jesuit school in Grenoble (now
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939:18th-century French inventors
934:18th-century French engineers
845:A Short History of Technology
141:Building the first all-metal
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692:. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
503:Murthy, S. Trymbaka (2010).
507:. I. K. International Pvt.
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400:Musée des Arts et Métiers
280:In 1737, Vaucanson built
219:De Vaucanson was born in
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954:Minims (religious order)
491:Encyclopædia Britannica
320:Frederick II of Prussia
188:[jakdəvocɑ̃sɔ̃]
724:Technology and Culture
544:"Jacques de Vaucanson"
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959:Automata (mechanical)
653:Deutsches Text Archiv
438:, the creator of the
436:Joseph Marie Jacquard
380:Académie des Sciences
369:Joseph-Marie Jacquard
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307:The Tambourine Player
296:Johann Joachim Quantz
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249:Claude-Nicolas Le Cat
239:and later joined the
233:Académie des Sciences
201:Industrial Revolution
929:People from Grenoble
904:Jacques de Vaucanson
766:Henri Jorda (2002).
663:Otto Lueger (Hrsg):
486:Jacques de Vaucanson
398:and is exhibited at
342:, chief minister of
223:, France in 1709 as
180:Jacques de Vaucanson
149:first automatic loom
34:Jacques de Vaucanson
241:Order of the Minims
944:French roboticists
795:Unknown parameter
708:2003-12-20 at the
688:Gaby Wood (2002).
677:Chronology of Lyon
542:Mahistre, Didier.
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326:Government service
312:The Digesting Duck
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255:Automaton inventor
229:nobiliary particle
334:Vaucanson's chain
225:Jacques Vaucanson
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270:Les Minimes
119:Occupations
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48:Joseph Boze
913:Categories
779:2747534677
627:2004-01-15
579:2004-01-17
554:2020-02-21
474:References
421:Revolution
215:Early life
72:1709-02-24
799:ignored (
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753:111617989
413:Louis XVI
107:Education
18:Vaucanson
706:Archived
458:The Turk
452:See also
344:Louis XV
274:automata
221:Grenoble
205:automata
170:Children
154:Automata
125:Inventor
101:, France
82:, France
80:Grenoble
745:3103866
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407:Legacy
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741:JSTOR
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463:Robot
386:Lathe
286:tabor
227:(the
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143:lathe
99:Paris
882:ISBN
801:help
774:ISBN
509:ISBN
355:and
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245:Lyon
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