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hold a new sidewalk at the new street level, and an empty space was left between the original and the new sidewalks. This process gave building owners a choice: raise their buildings to the new street level, or relocate the main entrance to the second floor of the building to match the new street level. Many buildings chose the latter option, opting to use the vaulted area for storage. As recently as 2001 there were still over 2,000 vaulted sidewalks in
Chicago
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started in 1855 as a response to the muddy conditions of the streets and because of epidemics of cholera. The raised streets needed new, raised sidewalks to match them. In the case of vaulted sidewalks, which might be 5 feet (1.5 m) or more over the original street level, a structure was built to
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that are not placed directly on the ground. Rather, there is an empty space below them where the ground level used to be. This may happen where the street level has been raised over time, or where basements are extended, or as
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340:"City Streets: How Chicago Raised Itself Out of the Mud and Astonished the World Gapers Block: Ask the Librarian"
240:"City Streets: How Chicago Raised Itself Out of the Mud and Astonished the World Gapers Block: Ask the Librarian"
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Sidewalk vaults may be protected as historical architecture, or filling them required for planning permission.
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In New York, basements may extend beneath the sidewalk and drivers are warned "HOLLOW SIDEWALK, DO NOT PARK".
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Today the old vaulted sidewalks are visible mostly during construction and cause increased costs of
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Two-stage refraction system for basement lighting; prism wall below center, shop above left. Note
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As of 2022, several sidewalk vaults, or "hollow walks," remain in
Milwaukee's
394:"Transportation: Traffic Calming Efforts Advancing On Two Downtown Arteries"
441:"The historic glass streets of Pioneer Square are nothing short of amazing"
364:"Uptown Plaza With Outdoor Concert Stage, Revamped Broadway In The Works"
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A basement daylit by sidewalk prisms (prisms out-of-shot to the left)
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265:"Chicago's Vaulted Sidewalks: History and Structural Rehabilitation"
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The same system used to light a salesroom inside a hollow sidewalk;
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Pavement type where the open area denotes a subterranean level
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and increase the cost of street and sidewalk reconstruction.
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allows sidewalk vaults to provide daylight to the basement.
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Practice
Periodical on Structural Design and Construction
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This is a vaulted sidewalk under construction in
Chicago
221:, Institute for Public Service, Seattle University,
199:Vaulted sidewalk in front of a store in Chicago
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215:Seattle Prism Light Reconnaissance Study
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320:www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org
392:Jannene, Jeramey (April 7, 2022).
281:10.1061/(ASCE)SC.1943-5576.0000032
228:from the original on 27 March 2016
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411:Denton, Jack (29 October 2020).
212:Marie Wong; et al. (2011),
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54:A sidewalk vault in Chicago,
439:Dever, Jim (14 June 2017).
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263:Khudeira, Soliman (2009).
316:"Street Grades, Raising"
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126:Use for daylighting
116:Seattle Underground
96:Historic Third Ward
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302:"Epidemics"
470:Categories
454:9 November
424:30 October
378:2017-06-26
349:2017-06-26
325:2017-06-26
286:2017-06-27
249:2017-06-26
191:References
167:prism wall
481:Sidewalks
476:Pavements
90:Milwaukee
32:sidewalks
223:archived
102:New York
58:through
28:areaways
449:KING-TV
110:Seattle
46:Chicago
445:KING 5
418:Curbed
173:above.
147:I-beam
62:, 1880
56:daylit
226:(PDF)
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114:Some
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