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The parvicellular part of the ventroposterior medial nucleus (VPMpc) is argued by some as not an actually part of the VPM, because it does not project to the somatosensory cortex as the remainder of the VPM does, and therefore should be called the ventromedial nucleus (VMb) instead.
263:
from the face and oral cavity (including touch, pressure, temperature, pain, and propriception). Proprioceptive synapses are situated anteriorly, ones mediating touch in the middle, and nociceptive ones posteriorly.
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291:. These synapse in the medial-most portion of the VPM (which is sometimes referred to as the accessory arcuate nucleus).
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and serves an analogous somatosensory relay role for the ascending trigeminothalamic tracts as its lateral neighbour the
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Craig, A.D. (2002). "How do you feel? Interoception: the sense of the physiological condition of the body".
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464:(10th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 137.
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from the solitary tract conveying non-nociceptive visceral conscious sensations.
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400:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 473.
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336:- relays somatosensory afferents from the rest of the body (
424:
Gray's
Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice
462:
Barr's The Human
Nervous System: An Anatomical Viewpoint
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460:Kiernan, John A.; Rajakumar, Nagalingam (2013).
396:Patestas, Maria A.; Gartner, Leslie P. (2016).
369:, Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing,
2609:
1487:
1246:
558:
8:
361:Sheridan, Nicholas; Tadi, Prasanna (2023),
294:Third-order neurons in turn project to the
267:Third-order neurons in turn project to the
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663:
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98:
24:
1004:Posterior (sympathetic/heat conservation)
2381:Flocculonodular lobe/vestibulocerebellum
2340:Intermediate hemisphere/spinocerebellum
528:
353:
2510:Ventral/anterior spinocerebellar tract
2439:Dorsal/posterior spinocerebellar tract
338:dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway
232:dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway
197:
15:
7:
2570:
2568:
999:Anterior (parasympathetic/heat loss)
391:
389:
283:The VPM receives second-order taste
261:general somatic sensory information
67:VPM = Ventral posteromedial nucleus
2588:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
2307:Lateral hemisphere/pontocerebellum
1830:Posterior limb of internal capsule
1646:Posterior limb of internal capsule
1431:Posterior limb of internal capsule
306:The VPM likely also receives some
14:
1601:Posterior external arcuate fibers
1038:Parvocellular neurosecretory cell
1033:Magnocellular neurosecretory cell
126:nucleus ventralis posteromedialis
2572:
921:Anterior trigeminothalamic tract
531:
194:Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
363:"Neuroanatomy, Thalamic Nuclei"
249:general somatic afferent fibers
1158:Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus
334:Ventral posterolateral nucleus
247:The VPM receives second-order
228:ventral posterolateral nucleus
64:Ventral posterolateral nucleus
1:
2536:Rostral spinocerebellar tract
1413:Ventral posteromedial nucleus
212:ventral posteromedial nucleus
19:Ventral posteromedial nucleus
674:Stria medullaris of thalamus
2482:Anterior lobe of cerebellum
1383:Medial parabrachial nucleus
1076:Suprachiasmatic (melatonin)
487:Nature Reviews Neuroscience
427:(42th ed.). New York:
2656:
2567:
2434:Posterior thoracic nucleus
2148:Thalamocortical radiations
2072:Thalamocortical radiations
679:Thalamic reticular nucleus
398:A Textbook of Neuroanatomy
308:general visceral afferents
86:Lateral geniculate nucleus
2468:Accessory cuneate nucleus
2386:Vestibulocerebellar tract
2220:Vestibulocerebellar tract
1994:
1729:Posterior parietal cortex
1696:Anterior white commissure
1461:Special visceral afferent
421:Standring, Susan (2020).
285:special visceral afferent
192:
97:
91:Medial geniculate nucleus
23:
2265:Inferior olivary nucleus
2152:Supplementary motor area
2076:Supplementary motor area
1886:Genu of internal capsule
1738:Spinomesencephalic tract
1215:Nuclei campi perizonalis
1141:Retinohypothalamic tract
253:ventral trigeminal tract
54:Ventral anterior nucleus
2353:Cerebellothalamic tract
1834:Decussation of pyramids
1605:Internal arcuate fibers
1378:Central tegmental tract
1136:Medial forebrain bundle
1066:Arcuate (dopamine/GHRH)
257:dorsal trigeminal tract
243:Orofacial somatosensory
238:Afferents and efferents
59:Ventral lateral nucleus
2287:Deep cerebellar nuclei
2254:Deep cerebellar nuclei
2245:Pontocerebellar fibers
2120:Subthalamic fasciculus
2112:Subthalamic fasciculus
1853:Neuromuscular junction
1153:Mammillothalamic tract
916:Subthalamic fasciculus
850:Pallidothalamic tracts
845:Mammillothalamic tract
827:Interthalamic adhesion
39:Anterior nuclear group
2473:Cuneocerebellar tract
2316:Dentatothalamic tract
2270:Olivocerebellar tract
2167:nigrostriatal pathway
2128:Lenticular fasciculus
2052:Lenticular fasciculus
1955:Vestibulospinal tract
1180:is diencephalon, but
901:Dentatothalamic tract
860:Lenticular fasciculus
822:Midline nuclear group
71:Lateral nuclear group
49:Ventral nuclear group
44:Medial dorsal nucleus
34:Midline nuclear group
1985:Reticulospinal tract
1896:Facial motor nucleus
1882:Primary motor cortex
1826:Primary motor cortex
1772:Spinoreticular tract
1613:Trigeminal lemniscus
1552:Meissner's corpuscle
884:Trigeminal lemniscus
645:Subcommissural organ
617:Habenular commissure
269:somatosensory cortex
2348:Reticular formation
2136:Thalamic fasciculus
2116:Subthalamic nucleus
2060:Thalamic fasciculus
1980:Reticular formation
1976:Vestibulocerebellum
1946:Vestibulocerebellum
1891:Corticobulbar tract
1839:Corticospinal tract
1777:Reticular formation
1767:Group C nerve fiber
1743:Superior colliculus
1708:Spinothalamic tract
1595:sensory decussation
1205:Subthalamic nucleus
1023:posterior pituitary
891:Spinothalamic tract
865:Thalamic fasciculus
342:spinothalamic tract
302:Visceral sensations
287:afferents from the
234:2nd-order neurons.
2640:Neuroanatomy stubs
2531:Golgi tendon organ
2505:Golgi tendon organ
2336:Interposed nucleus
1566:Cuneate fasciculus
1562:Gracile fasciculus
1548:Pacinian corpuscle
906:Acoustic radiation
2597:
2596:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2553:
2519:Cerebellar vermis
2448:Cerebellar vermis
2391:Vestibular nuclei
2377:Fastigial nucleus
2215:Vestibular nuclei
2194:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2132:Ansa lenticularis
2056:Ansa lenticularis
2014:
2013:
2007:→ muscles of neck
2004:Tectospinal tract
1950:Vestibular nuclei
1925:Rubrospinal tract
1802:
1801:
1798:
1797:
1725:Postcentral gyrus
1688:Free nerve ending
1658:
1657:
1650:Postcentral gyrus
1469:
1468:
1444:
1443:
1358:Gustatory nucleus
1299:Fungiform papilla
1228:
1227:
1191:
1190:
1112:
1111:
936:
935:
928:Medullary laminae
896:Lateral lemniscus
855:Ansa lenticularis
653:
652:
612:Habenular trigone
525:Additional images
471:978-1-4511-7327-7
438:978-0-7020-7707-4
407:978-1-118-67746-9
273:postcentral gyrus
208:
207:
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30:Thalamic nuclei:
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1789:Cingulate cortex
1713:Spinal lemniscus
1674:
1609:Medial lemniscus
1557:Posterior column
1535:
1526:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1473:
1436:Gustatory cortex
1353:Solitary nucleus
1319:
1304:Filiform papilla
1255:
1248:
1241:
1232:
1131:Stria terminalis
986:
947:
879:Medial lemniscus
664:
640:Habenular nuclei
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296:gustatory cortex
289:solitary nucleus
200:edit on Wikidata
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2460:muscle spindles
2426:muscle spindles
2413:
2403:Spinocerebellar
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2303:Dentate nucleus
2291:
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1999:Midbrain tectum
1990:
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1794:
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1747:Midbrain tectum
1667:
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1597:/arcuate fibers
1578:
1574:Cuneate nucleus
1570:Gracile nucleus
1517:
1500:
1470:
1465:
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1417:
1399:
1364:
1310:
1294:Foliate papilla
1289:Vallate papilla
1284:Lingual papilla
1265:
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1229:
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1219:Fields of Forel
1187:
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1080:
1071:Preoptic (GnRH)
1028:Paraventricular
1008:
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966:Mammillary body
957:Median eminence
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911:Optic radiation
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759:Pulvinar nuclei
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573:Anatomy of the
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431:. p. 449.
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2414:proprioception
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2400:Bidirectional:
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2240:Pontine nuclei
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1900:Facial muscles
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1863:Extrapyramidal
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961:Tuber cinereum
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635:Pretectal area
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2538:
2537:
2532:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2512:
2511:
2506:
2502:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2494:
2490:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2469:
2465:
2461:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2398:
2392:
2388:
2387:
2382:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2317:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2288:
2284:
2283:Purkinje cell
2280:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2246:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2197:
2183:
2179:
2178:Pars compacta
2176:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2092:
2086:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2020:Basal ganglia
2017:
2006:
2005:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1986:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1963:
1957:
1956:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1921:
1918:
1917:
1915:
1912:
1907:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1887:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1860:
1854:
1850:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1809:
1805:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1764:
1763:
1761:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1702:
1697:
1693:
1692:A delta fiber
1689:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1679:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1665:
1664:Anterolateral
1661:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1633:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1602:
1598:
1596:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1581:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1558:
1553:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1516:
1512:
1511:neural tracts
1508:
1504:
1497:
1492:
1490:
1485:
1483:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1447:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1426:
1424:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1385:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1333:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1317:
1313:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1256:
1251:
1249:
1244:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1194:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1173:
1171:
1167:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1089:
1087:
1083:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1011:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
991:
987:
984:
982:
978:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
958:
955:
954:
952:
948:
945:
943:
939:
929:
926:
925:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
885:
882:
880:
877:
876:
875:
874:
870:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
851:
848:
846:
843:
842:
840:
838:
834:
828:
825:
823:
820:
816:
813:
812:
811:
808:
806:
803:
800:
799:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
772:
769:
768:
767:
764:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
746:
745:
742:
738:
734:
730:
727:
725:
721:
718:
717:
716:
713:
711:
708:
705:
704:
702:
700:
695:
691:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
671:
669:
665:
662:
660:
656:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
632:
630:
628:
624:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
599:
597:
593:
590:
588:
584:
580:
576:
568:
563:
561:
556:
554:
549:
548:
545:
534:
529:
524:
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
488:
481:
478:
473:
467:
463:
456:
453:
448:
444:
440:
434:
430:
426:
425:
417:
414:
409:
403:
399:
392:
390:
386:
376:
372:
368:
364:
357:
354:
348:
343:
339:
335:
332:
331:
327:
325:
318:
313:
311:
309:
301:
299:
297:
292:
290:
286:
278:
276:
274:
270:
265:
262:
259:which convey
258:
254:
250:
242:
237:
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
201:
195:
191:
188:
185:
183:
179:
176:
173:
171:
167:
164:
161:
159:
155:
152:
149:
146:
142:
139:
136:
134:
130:
127:
124:
122:
118:
113:
108:
101:
96:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
40:
35:
27:
22:
17:
2590:expanding it
2582:neuroanatomy
2579:
2564:
2534:
2508:
2471:
2437:
2384:
2370:Motor cortex
2351:
2329:Motor cortex
2314:
2268:
2258:Granule cell
2243:
2233:Granule cell
2218:
2165:
2156:Motor cortex
2100:Motor cortex
2090:
2080:Motor cortex
2040:Motor cortex
2030:
2002:
1983:
1966:
1953:
1936:
1923:
1910:
1889:
1872:
1837:
1822:
1770:
1736:
1734:
1699:
1624:
1593:
1555:
1456:Basic tastes
1412:
1388:Hypothalamus
1210:Zona incerta
1184:is glandular
1147:
1125:
1118:White matter
1099:Ventromedial
1062:
1021:
971:Infundibulum
942:Hypothalamus
871:
837:White matter
815:Centromedian
810:Intralaminar
801:
766:Metathalamus
732:
706:
602:Pineal gland
575:diencephalon
490:
486:
480:
461:
455:
423:
416:
397:
378:, retrieved
366:
356:
322:
305:
293:
282:
266:
246:
215:
211:
209:
163:A14.1.08.642
125:
81:Metathalamus
2412:Unconscious
2358:Red nucleus
1920:Red nucleus
1507:spinal cord
1261:Anatomy of
1197:Subthalamus
1104:Dorsomedial
1054:vasopressin
981:Grey matter
694:Grey matter
627:Grey matter
587:Epithalamus
579:human brain
230:serves for
151:birnlex_743
115:Identifiers
2629:Categories
2545:Cerebellum
2527:upper limb
2501:lower limb
2493:Reflex arc
2456:upper limb
2422:lower limb
2279:Hemisphere
2229:Cerebellum
2200:Cerebellar
2078:) → 5° (
1967:extension:
1937:extension:
1045:Supraoptic
447:1201341621
380:2023-09-17
367:StatPearls
349:References
133:NeuroNames
2154:) → 7° (
2091:indirect:
1815:Pyramidal
1515:fasciculi
1279:Taste bud
1178:Posterior
1170:Pituitary
1014:Endocrine
990:Autonomic
251:from the
2635:Thalamus
2533:) → 2° (
2507:) → 2° (
2466:) → 2° (
2432:) → 2° (
2362:Thalamus
2321:Thalamus
2296:Efferent
2208:Afferent
2182:Striatum
2146:) → 6° (
2144:Thalamus
2126:) → 5° (
2118:) → 4° (
2110:) → 3° (
2106:) → 2° (
2104:Striatum
2070:) → 4° (
2068:Thalamus
2050:) → 3° (
2046:) → 2° (
2044:Striatum
1911:flexion:
1873:flexion:
1847:Anterior
1823:flexion:
1787:) → 3° (
1785:Thalamus
1779:) → 2° (
1727:) → 4° (
1723:) → 3° (
1721:Thalamus
1705:Anterior
1694:) → 2° (
1680:/lateral
1617:Thalamus
1423:cerebrum
1405:thalamus
1393:Amygdala
1182:anterior
1148:efferent
1126:afferent
1050:oxytocin
802:midline:
659:Thalamus
607:Habenula
538:Thalamus
515:17829407
507:12154366
429:Elsevier
375:31751098
328:See also
314:Subareas
255:and the
224:thalamus
145:NeuroLex
76:Pulvinar
2350:, or →
2031:direct:
1843:Lateral
1759:/medial
1701:Lateral
1522:Sensory
1323:medulla
1094:Lateral
1086:Emotion
950:Surface
744:Lateral
715:Ventral
707:paired:
667:Surface
595:Surface
577:of the
271:in the
222:of the
220:nucleus
218:) is a
110:Details
2529:→ 1° (
2503:→ 1° (
2458:→ 1° (
2424:→ 1° (
1271:Tongue
1063:other:
791:K cell
786:M cell
781:P cell
699:nuclei
513:
505:
468:
445:
435:
404:
373:
340:, and
79:MTh =
74:PUL =
69:LNG =
62:VPL =
47:VNG =
32:MNG =
2580:This
1807:Motor
1503:Brain
1449:Other
1263:taste
992:zones
511:S2CID
319:VPMpc
279:Taste
198:[
187:62202
121:Latin
89:MG =
84:LG =
57:VL =
52:VA =
42:MD =
37:AN =
2586:stub
2368:) →
2327:) →
2098:1° (
2038:1° (
1765:1° (
1757:Slow
1735:2° (
1703:and
1686:1° (
1678:Fast
1669:pain
1607:) →
1568:) →
1530:DCML
1513:and
1505:and
1370:pons
1315:Path
873:PCML
503:PMID
466:ISBN
443:OCLC
433:ISBN
402:ISBN
371:PMID
210:The
175:5693
158:TA98
2541:ICP
2515:SCP
2478:ICP
2464:DRG
2444:ICP
2430:DRG
2379:in
2344:SCP
2338:in
2311:SCP
2305:in
2275:ICP
2267:→
2250:MCP
2225:ICP
2142:of
2124:GPi
2108:GPe
2066:of
2048:GPi
1948:→
1783:of
1745:of
1719:of
1717:VPL
1625:VPM
1621:VPL
1336:VII
737:VPL
733:VPM
495:doi
216:VPM
182:FMA
170:TA2
138:347
2631::
2543:→
2539:→
2517:→
2513:→
2480:→
2476:→
2470:→
2462:→
2446:→
2442:→
2436:→
2428:→
2389:→
2383:→
2366:VL
2360:→
2356:→
2346:→
2342:→
2325:VL
2319:→
2313:→
2309:→
2285:→
2281:→
2277:→
2273:→
2256:→
2252:→
2248:→
2242:→
2231:→
2227:→
2223:→
2217:→
2180:→
2150:→
2140:VL
2138:→
2134:→
2122:→
2114:→
2102:→
2074:→
2064:VL
2062:→
2058:→
2042:→
2001:→
1982:→
1978:→
1952:→
1922:→
1898:→
1894:→
1888:→
1884:→
1851:→
1845:,
1836:→
1832:→
1828:→
1781:MD
1775:→
1769:→
1749:)
1741:→
1715:→
1711:→
1698:→
1690:→
1648:→
1644:→
1636:3°
1623:,
1615:→
1603:,
1592:→
1584:2°
1554:→
1539:1°
1509::
1341:IX
805:MD
776:LG
771:MG
754:LP
749:LD
729:VP
724:VL
720:VA
710:AN
509:.
501:.
489:.
441:.
388:^
365:,
344:).
298:.
275:.
147:ID
2617:e
2610:t
2603:v
2592:.
2547:)
2521:)
2484:)
2450:)
2364:(
2323:(
2169::
2158:)
2130:/
2082:)
2054:/
1849:)
1841:(
1791:)
1731:)
1666:/
1638::
1627:)
1619:(
1611:/
1599:(
1586::
1572:/
1564:/
1560:(
1550:/
1541::
1495:e
1488:t
1481:v
1346:X
1254:e
1247:t
1240:v
1221:)
1217:(
1052:/
1025::
959:/
735:/
731:/
722:/
696:/
566:e
559:t
552:v
517:.
497::
491:3
474:.
449:.
410:.
214:(
202:]
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