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133:. Under them, the fortress developed from a Gothic citadel to an early Renaissance princely residence, a "fortified princely castle" and, finally, in the era of invasion by the Turks, a regional fortress and symbol of aristocratic status. Archeological investigations in the 1990s revealed traces of a 17th-century residential tower.
194:
The location of the fortress is the St. Georgsberg mountain, 105 metres (344 ft) above the valley floor between the Danube and the Ilz. Steep cliffs fall off on both sides. The smaller Veste
Niederhaus, connected to Veste Oberhaus by a battlement, is located below on the bank of the Danube; this
116:
As siege techniques improved over the centuries, Veste
Oberhaus was repeatedly renovated and extended, beginning in 1255–56, so that it offers an opportunity to study fortification techniques from the 13th through the early 19th century. The inscription "1499" prominent on the facade refers to
213:
constructed in 1674–1740, and a second defensive area dating mostly to the 16th century. From this middle defensive ring, the
Burgstraße leads past the main watchtower (built around 1350) and across a drawbridge through a tower built in 1433 to the main fortress. The gate tower at this point
299:
was performed; this concerned an event that happened not far away from Passau, and was to have been repeated annually, but political objections by the
Austrians prevented it. In 1938, 85 boys and 162 girls born in 1927 and 1928 were sworn in there as
218:
frescoes and predates the fortress; it was renovated in
Baroque style. The building erected by Christoph von Schachner in 1499–1503 with the highly visible coat of arms and date of 1499 on its facade contains a ceremonial
280:
and had approximately 6,000 seats and room for approximately 18,000 standees. Ground was broken on August 26, 1934, and the facility was dedicated on
September 22, 1935. The inaugural performance was of a work by
250:
and
Austria, a firefighting museum and a porcelain collection. Today, the fortress also houses a restaurant, a viewing platform on the so-called Observation Tower dating to the 18th century, an observatory and a
136:
The fortress was attacked five times between 1250 and 1482, each time without success. Twice, in 1298 and 1367, the attackers were the citizens of Passau themselves in rebellion against the bishop.
214:
bears the arms of Prince Bishop
Leonhard von Laiming dated 1440. The buildings encircling the outer courtyard are 16th-century. The church of St. George in the inner courtyard has early and high
183:
the area was controlled by
Bavaria and for almost a century, until 1918, the fortress served an additional purpose as a state and military prison. It was feared as the "Bastille of Bavaria".
348:
before Dr. Paul Reiß from
Mainkofen addressed them for three hours. The central topics were "necessary measures" that the National Socialist state was taking to control the population.
202:
stairway from the Schanzlbrücke Danube bridge. The main gate, the Ravelintor, bears the arms of Cardinal Johann Philipp von Lamberg and was built in 1703. This leads to the
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and princely suite, which date to the 14th–17th centuries. A cannon battery is housed on the lower story under the Rittersaal.
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The Oberhausmuseum includes the museum of the city of Passau, an art gallery, collections covering the history of Eastern Bavaria,
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from the city and the Passau district to a weekend seminar at Veste Oberhaus. There, at the auditorium, they listened to the
446:
105:. The intention was to express the military strength of the bishopric and support the bishop's status as an elector of the
70:, Germany. It is now the site of a museum, a youth hostel and a restaurant, as well as an open-air theatre dating to 1934.
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In April 1938, Passau unveiled its Guest Suite, where National Socialist dignitaries were hosted. And the regional
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In April 1934, the former Officers' Garden became an outdoor cafe where many National Socialists were hosted.
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In 1932, the City of Passau gained possession of Veste Oberhaus and instituted a museum, the Oberhausmuseum.
122:
198:
A road rises to Veste Oberhaus on the Ilz side. On foot, the castle can be reached via the 200 steps of the
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marveled about some features at the Oberhaus George's Chapel. Ancient warrior insignia of the Germanic god
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The so-called "Linde Battery", a terrace within the walls of the Veste Oberhaus, offers a good view of the
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Veste Oberhaus above Veste Niederhaus (left) and 15th-century pilgrimage church of St. Salvator (right)
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addition, made after 1367, created a double fortress almost 700 metres (2,300 ft) in length.
101:, the first prince-bishop of Passau, at the location of a previously existing chapel dedicated to
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180:
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756:: museum, youth hostel, tower, restaurant, at Burgen in Bayern, Haus der bayerischen Geschichte
238:, Danube and Ilz; the differing colors of the three rivers are clearly visible from this point.
85:, which it faces across the Danube. Below Oberhaus on the promontory between the two rivers is
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religious services, was developed. Some of the hymn writers died while imprisoned; many were
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were imprisoned in the castle dungeon for their beliefs. During their imprisonment, the
51:
423:. Landscapes of the imagination. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press. p. 59.
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The fortress is located on the mountain crest (St. Georgsberg) on the left side of the
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as a border outpost, but in 1805 it surrendered to the Austrian army. After the
223:(knights' hall) on the upper floor; this is connected by an open arcade to the
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In 1704, 1742 and 1800 the fortress was forced to surrender to various forces.
27:
382:, Burgen in Bayern, Haus der bayerischen Geschichte. Retrieved June 11, 2013.
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that was founded in 1219 and, for most of its time, was the stronghold of the
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449:, Burgen in Bayern, Haus der bayerischen Geschichte, retrieved June 11, 2013
404:, Burgen in Bayern, Haus der bayerischen Geschichte. Retrieved June 11, 2013
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one of these renovations. The most significant rebuilding took place under
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Die inszenierte Volksgemeinschaft: die "Thing-Bewegung" im Dritten Reich
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289:(for our loyalty there is no death), with a cast of 1,600. In 1937
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in the approximate form of a quarter circle, this was designed by
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581:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 255ff.
689:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 192f.
661:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 154f.
633:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 153f.
553:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 163f.
469:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 65ff.
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525:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 91f.
497:(in German). Grafenaupp: Simone Samples Verlag. p. 89f.
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In February 1939, Margarethe Schneider-Reichel called all
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The Baroque-era forward fortifications were replaced by a
717:. Peda-Kunstführer 822. Passau: Kunstverlag Peda, 2011.
47:
View of the fortress in the 15th century, Oberhausmuseum
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The theatre since World War II has again been in use.
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honoring "farmers of the border marches" and entitled
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made use of the fortress during his campaign against
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in the so-called General's Building dating to 1597.
167:in 1802 brought an end to the rule of the bishop.
333:, it stated, had been transferred to that Saint.
175:, placing it under the control of his allies the
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234:(three rivers corner), the confluence of the
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402:Burgschloss Passau, Oberhaus: Baugeschichte
447:Burgschloss Passau, Oberhaus: Baubestand
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258:In May 1933, with great fanfare, the
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272:open-air theatre. In the form of an
287:Für unsere Treue gibt es keinen Tod
818:Buildings and structures in Passau
97:The fortress was built in 1219 by
23:Aerial image of the Veste Oberhaus
14:
139:Between 1535 and 1540, numerous
89:, part of the fortress system.
420:The Danube: A Cultural History
342:Block-Frauenschaftsleiterinnen
81:and dominates the old city of
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813:1219 establishments in Europe
380:Burgschloss Passau, Oberhaus
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131:Johann Philipp von Lamberg
433:– via Google Books.
296:Frankenburger Würfelspiel
828:Local museums in Germany
605:, Marburg: Jonas, 1985,
291:Eberhard Wolfgang Möller
417:Andrew Beattie (2010).
123:Christoph von Schachner
713:Monika Soffner-Loibl.
309:Rüdiger von Bechelaren
152:hymnal, still used in
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784:48.57750°N 13.47028°E
715:Veste Oberhaus Passau
311:, the latest play by
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190:Setting and buildings
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315:, was staged, 2,000
119:Leonhard von Laiming
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746:Passau Youth Hostel
307:In July 1940, when
127:Urban von Trennbach
77:between it and the
16:Fortress in Germany
823:Museums in Bavaria
808:Castles in Bavaria
789:48.57750; 13.47028
687:Hitlers Nibelungen
659:Hitlers Nibelungen
631:Hitlers Nibelungen
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495:Hitlers Nibelungen
467:Hitlers Nibelungen
181:Congress of Vienna
111:free imperial city
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532:978-3-938401-32-3
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358:List of forts
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260:Ostmarkmuseum
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313:Hans Baumann
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302:Hitler Youth
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787: /
758:(in German)
749:(in German)
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726:(in German)
683:Anna Rosmus
655:Anna Rosmus
627:Anna Rosmus
615:(in German)
575:Anna Rosmus
547:Anna Rosmus
519:Anna Rosmus
491:Anna Rosmus
463:Anna Rosmus
451:(in German)
406:(in German)
384:(in German)
346:Kreisleiter
144:Anabaptists
833:Thingplatz
802:Categories
775:13°28′13″E
772:48°34′39″N
364:References
270:Thingplatz
242:Facilities
221:Rittersaal
141:Protestant
103:St. George
613:, p. 216
204:Kronwerke
177:Bavarians
99:Ulrich II
352:See also
169:Napoleon
158:martyred
64:fortress
248:Bohemia
225:dirnitz
208:Baroque
173:Austria
149:Ausbund
93:History
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216:Gothic
211:bailey
83:Passau
75:Danube
331:Wotan
154:Amish
62:is a
719:ISBN
691:ISBN
663:ISBN
635:ISBN
607:ISBN
583:ISBN
555:ISBN
527:ISBN
499:ISBN
471:ISBN
425:ISBN
340:and
206:, a
129:and
293:'s
236:Inn
79:Ilz
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
