64:, whereby the procedures fall into three broad categories: orthopaedics (bones, joints, muscles), soft tissue surgery (skin, body cavities, cardiovascular system, GI/urogenital/respiratory tracts), and neurosurgery. Advanced surgical procedures such as joint replacement (total hip, knee and elbow replacement), fracture repair, stabilization of cranial cruciate ligament deficiency, oncologic (cancer) surgery, herniated disc treatment, complicated gastrointestinal or urogenital procedures, kidney transplant, skin grafts, complicated wound management, and minimally invasive procedures (
918:
38:
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430:
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550:. It is typically performed to prevent property damage in house cats, but may also be performed in purebred dogs to meet certain show requirements. Some procedures are illegal in some countries (in the UK, declawing is illegal and tail docking is only allowed in working dogs) and face ethical challenges in others.
825:
minimally invasive procedure. The procedure involves putting a balloon-like object inside of the animal's heart; the balloon inflates and deflates in order to alleviate pain and increase blood flow. Complications can occur if the animal's body rejects the balloon, forming a life-threatening allergic reaction.
824:
Balloon valvuloplasty: Procedure used to alleviate pain symptoms from cardiac problems such as pulmonic, mitral, and tricuspid stenosis. The purpose of this procedure is to create a smoother blood flow throughout the body by reducing harmful effects from obstructed heart valves. It is considered a
828:
Centesis: Procedure consisting of the removal of fluid from an animal's body in order to manage congestive heart failure. Draining fluid helps prevent tumors from growing around the heart. Animals undergo no anesthesia because little pain occurs during this operation. Catheters and needles of
111:
respectively the
European Board of Veterinary Specialisation. Those wishing to become board certified must undergo a one-year clinical internship program followed by three years of intensive training in a residency program under direct supervision of board certified veterinary surgeons, including
832:
Devive
Embolization of Persistent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA): PDA is caused by an abnormal blood flow from right to left inside the heart. This causes patients to develop left-sided congestive heart failure. In order to treat this condition, coils are placed inside ducts of the heart. The coils
533:
in cattle, sheep, and goats. These procedures have been controversial and recently debated among breeders, veterinary organizations, and animal welfare scientists. The controversy is different for each procedure, but issues arise based on reasons to perform the procedure, differing opinions on
630:
are a common occurrence, and may involve any or multiple body systems: skin, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal tract, urogenital tract, reproductive tract, cardiovascular system, spinal cord and peripheral nerves, the spleen and the lining of body cavities. Common skin tumors include
1004:, which although requires general anesthesia does not require surgery and significantly decreases recovery time. However, endoscopic foreign body retrieval is anatomically limited to objects lodged in the esophagus, the stomach or the colon. The condition in cattle is known as
829:
various sizes are punctured into the thoracic cavity. To remove the fluid, veterinarians will use a syringe suction or vacuum. Post-operatively, swelling might occur around the thoracic cavity or appear bruised, but this is normal and is rarely discomforting to the animal.
124:, urogenital surgery, and upper respiratory surgery, etc. Once the minimum requirements of training are met, residents are required to pass a rigorous certification examination before being admitted as members (diplomates) of the
440:
Neutering is usually performed to prevent breeding, prevent unwanted behavior, or decrease risk of future medical problems. Neutering is also performed as an emergency procedure to treat certain reproductive diseases, like
398:
are placed on the blood vessels above and below the ovary and the organ is removed. With an ovariohysterectomy, the ligaments of the uterus and ovaries are broken down and the blood vessels are
925:
Bite wounds from other animals (and rarely humans) are a common occurrence. Wounds from objects that the animal may step on or run into are also common. Usually these wounds are simple
508:
91:. In the former, the situation is more close to that with human beings, where the benefit to the patient is the important factor. In the latter, the economic benefit is more important.
996:
imbalances. The stomach (gastrotomy) or intestine (enterotomy) can be surgically opened to remove the foreign body. Necrotic intestine can be removed (enterectomy) and repaired with
850:
are commonly performed in dogs, cats, horses, sheep, and cattle. Usually it is done as an emergency surgery due to difficulties in the birthing process. Certain dog breeds such as
663:
surgery. Common oral tumors include melanomas, fibrosarcomas, and squamous cell carcinomas, which are removed with as much surrounding tissue as possible, including parts of the
1803:
1268:"Veterinary Laser Surgery. Benefits of unique CO2 laser-tissue interaction. Information for pet owners about surgical laser procedures and Aesculight veterinary lasers"
1502:
933:. Bite wounds, however, involve compressive and tensile forces in addition to shearing forces, and can cause separation of the skin from the underlying tissue and
534:
techniques and methods, perceived long-term benefits in individual animals, and the development of alternatives. Declawing, for example, consists of removal of the
1669:
1638:
949:. Primary wound closure is used if all remaining tissue is healthy and free of contamination. Small puncture wounds may be left open, bandaged, and allowed to
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with suture material, placing a rubber band around the cord to restrict blood flow to the testes, or crushing the cord with a specialized instrument like the
331:
Elective procedures are those performed on a non-emergency basis, and which do not involve immediately life-threatening conditions. These are in contrast to
865:(bloat) is a common condition in dogs in which the stomach fills with gas, and can become torsed. This requires immediate surgical intervention to prevent
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351:
One of the most common elective surgical procedures in animals are those that render animals incapable of reproducing. Neutering in animals describes
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76:) are performed by veterinary surgeons (as registered in their jurisdiction). Most general practice veterinarians perform routine surgeries such as
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are more difficult to repair, due to the difficult access and sensitivity of the organ, and because deep anaesthesia may not be applied to cows.
594:. This procedure is usually performed under anesthesia. Other common procedures include extraction of abscessed or broken teeth, extraction of
1623:
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without surgery. A third alternative is delayed primary closure, which involves bandaging and reevaluation and surgery in three to five days.
614:
41:
Preparing a cow for udder surgery in field conditions: the physical restraint with a set of ropes is necessary next to xylazine tranquilisation
1255:
1659:
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30:"Veterinary surgeon" redirects here. For animal physician (as it is used in the United Kingdom and several Commonwealth countries), see
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is commonly used in animals for major surgery. Animals are often premedicated intravenously or intramuscularly with a sedative,
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of the stomach wall and death of the dog. During surgery, the stomach is deflated and put back into its normal position. A
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often need to have this surgery because of the size of the puppy's head relative to the width of the bitch's birth canal.
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of underlying muscles. Deep puncture wounds are especially prone to infection. Deeper wounds are assessed under
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embolize into the pulmonary arteries. Both the ACDO device and the procedure itself are relatively inexpensive.
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may be performed, whereby the stomach is attached to the body wall to prevent this condition from recurring. A
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of a male animal. Different techniques are used depending on the type of animal, including ligation of the
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A healthy tortoise-mix cat healed and adapted quickly to her new mobility after a hind leg was amputated.
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1431:"Congenital Heart Disease III: Patent Ductus Arteriosus in the Canine and Feline Patient - MSPCA-Angell"
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659:. Skin tumors are removed through either simple excisions or through excisions needing reconstructive
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and maintained on a gas anesthetic. The most common gas anesthetics in use in veterinary medicine are
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Cats - Dental prophylaxis as described above for the dog and treatment and extraction of teeth with
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without general anesthesia is used for more involved procedures. Sedatives commonly used include
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like xylazine and medetomidine are especially useful because they can be reversed, xylazine by
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282:. It is similar in physiological effect but different in composition to the now withdrawn
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A variety of non-edible objects are commonly swallowed by dogs, cats, and cattle. These
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in the United States, while medetomidine is only approved for dogs. Most surgeries in
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Other common elective surgical procedures in the United States are declawing in cats (
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in animals has many similarities to human anesthesia, but some differences as well.
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midline abdominal incision, or by a flank incision (more common in the UK). With an
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1330:. Texas A&M University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital. Archived from
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for more information on the advantages and disadvantages of this procedure.
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performance of a large number of surgical procedures in such categories as
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1299:
Louisiana State
University Equine Veterinary Research Program Newsletter
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Horses - Floating (grinding down) of uneven teeth edges and removal of
539:
388:
380:
376:
271:
197:
57:
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1454:
Holt, David E.; Griffin, Greg (2000). "Bite Wounds in Dogs and Cats".
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anaesthetic used in many practices in the UK to induce anaesthesia in
942:
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and minor mass excisions; some also perform additional procedures.
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1407:"Centesis (Fluid removal) – Rocky Mountain Veterinary Cardiology"
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is primarily used for wound closure and removal of small tumors.
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209:
84:
1549:
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Bottle top swallowed by a dog that had to be removed surgically
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are becoming more popular due to rapid induction and recovery.
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and acepromazine). The next step is induction, usually with an
1380:"Balloon Valvuloplasty – Rocky Mountain Veterinary Cardiology"
965:
384:
372:
279:
275:
213:
746:
X-ray of a dog with an artificial hip to repair hip dysplasia
733:, especially for squamous cell carcinoma in the cat and cow.
1536:
Australian
College of Veterinary Science - Surgical Chapter
1503:"Endoscopy for Dogs & Pets | Animal Care Clinics"
1250:
N. Berger, P.H. Eeg, Veterinary Laser
Surgery, Blackwell,
929:
that can be easily cleaned and sutured, sometimes using a
586:
Dogs - Dental prophylaxis is commonly performed to remove
1535:
83:
The goal of veterinary surgery may be quite different in
509:
Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals
1216:
1105:
495:
and visibility can in some cases minimize the need for
479:
offers a number of benefits, including reduced risk of
208:. Xylazine is approved for use in dogs, cats, horses,
1540:
1530:
1152:
Paddleford, Robert R.; Harvey, Ralph C. (1999). "Alpha
1076:
905:. It is commonly performed in dogs and cats to remove
491:
and improved visibility of the surgical field. Better
1283:
Veterinary laser surgery, URL accessed March 25, 2008
1492:, in Buiatrik, 2. Ed. Schaper Verlag, Hannover, 1972
363:
or ovario-hysterectomy) is to completely remove the
1781:
1678:
1647:
1614:
1583:
1490:
Chirurgische
Versorgung von Euter- und Zitzenwunden
671:. Other types of cancer requiring surgery include
116:, surgical treatment of angular limb deformities,
820:Common cardiology surgeries in animals include:
758:Common orthopedic surgeries in animals include:
691:Common ophthalmic surgeries in animals include:
1293:Woolridge, Anne A.; Seahorn, Thomas L. (1999).
858:Surgery for gastric dilatation volvulus (bloat)
1670:Evidence-Based Veterinary Medicine Association
1639:Veterinary Medical College Application Service
1127:Muir, William W.; Hubbell, John A. E. (1995).
1561:
402:and both organs are removed. The body wall,
8:
128:or European College of Veterinary Surgeons.
1193:Manual of Small Animal Anesthesia (2nd ed.)
1129:Handbook of Veterinary Anesthesia (2nd ed.)
1568:
1554:
1546:
286:. Horses commonly receive thiopental and
120:, surgery of the foot, fracture fixation,
1324:"Feline Odontoclastic Resorptive Lesions"
1000:. Foreign bodies can also be removed by
1295:"Proper Dental Care Is Vital For Horses"
503:Controversial elective animal procedures
1655:American Veterinary Medical Association
1531:American College of Veterinary Surgeons
1456:The Veterinary Clinics of North America
1218:The Veterinary Clinics of North America
1158:The Veterinary Clinics of North America
1044:
1028:American College of Veterinary Surgeons
729:Exenteration (complete removal) of the
615:feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions
126:American College of Veterinary Surgeons
109:American Veterinary Medical Association
1541:European College of Veterinary Surgery
1122:
1120:
992:causing severe vomiting and resulting
461:. It is also recommended in cases of
290:. Following induction, the animal is
246:drug. Dogs and cats commonly receive
27:Surgery performed on non-human animals
1401:
1399:
1350:
1348:
499:and/or reduce overall surgical time.
7:
1660:Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons
1053:"Veterinary Specialty Organizations"
1033:Indian Veterinary Research Institute
1665:College of Veterinarians of Ontario
921:Sutured wound on the teats of a cow
575:Common dental surgical procedures:
387:, this is accomplished either by a
893:Cystotomy to remove bladder stones
103:, veterinary surgery is one of 22
60:performed on non-human animals by
25:
675:, stomach and intestinal tumors,
375:, this is accomplished through a
99:In the United States, Canada and
1274:from the original on 2016-01-28
483:, less post-operative pain and
262:(usually just in cats), and/or
250:(no longer allowed in the UK),
238:agent (dogs frequently receive
1629:Veterinary education in France
1191:Paddleford, Robert R. (1999).
811:MPL - medial patellar luxation
410:. To castrate (medical term:
1:
1468:10.1016/S0195-5616(00)50045-X
1230:10.1016/S0195-5616(99)50061-2
1170:10.1016/S0195-5616(99)50058-2
988:can cause obstruction of the
901:is a surgical opening of the
469:of the testicles. Please see
165:used in veterinary medicine.
1488:Grunert E. & Luhman F.,
1023:Organ replacement in animals
1328:Small Animal Dental Service
1156:Agonists and Antagonists".
863:Gastric dilatation volvulus
359:). To spay (medical term:
322:Common veterinary surgeries
161:are the most commonly used
1846:
557:
506:
449:, and it is used to treat
379:midline incision into the
371:of a female animal. In a
135:
29:
1195:. W.B. Saunders Company.
764:cranial cruciate ligament
568:Anesthetised dog with an
95:Specialization in surgery
956:Wounds occurring in the
645:squamous cell carcinomas
529:, and dairy cattle, and
467:malignant transformation
1356:"Penn Vet | Cardiology"
1111:March 18, 2013, at the
1082:April 14, 2015, at the
838:Other common procedures
626:In older dogs and cats
465:to prevent torsion and
1825:Veterinary professions
1095:ACVS Residency Program
998:intestinal anastomosis
990:gastrointestinal tract
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881:may also be required.
777:Femoral head osteotomy
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696:Enucleation of the eye
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220:can be performed with
105:veterinary specialties
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1606:List of veterinarians
1601:Veterinary pharmacist
1596:Paraveterinary worker
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649:basal cell carcinomas
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471:spaying and neutering
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339:Sterilization surgery
138:Veterinary anesthesia
132:Veterinary anesthesia
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40:
1830:Surgical specialties
1688:Alternative medicine
972:Foreign body removal
720:Eyelid tumor removal
604:gingival hyperplasia
560:Veterinary dentistry
204:and medetomidine by
118:arthroscopic surgery
32:Veterinary physician
1753:Preventive medicine
1634:Veterinarian's Oath
1577:Veterinary medicine
592:periodontal disease
531:livestock dehorning
414:) is to remove the
327:Elective procedures
222:regional anesthesia
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848:Caesarean sections
816:Cardiology surgery
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738:Orthopedic surgery
687:Ophthalmic surgery
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447:testicular torsion
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228:General anesthesia
122:ophthalmic surgery
107:recognized by the
54:Veterinary surgery
51:
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18:Veterinary Surgeon
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1360:www.vet.upenn.edu
1256:978-0-8138-0678-5
843:Caesarean section
622:Surgical oncology
602:, and removal of
459:testicular cancer
355:(also please see
296:endotracheal tube
163:local anesthetics
114:abdominal surgery
16:(Redirected from
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1055:. Archived from
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931:local anesthetic
710:Cataract surgery
637:mast cell tumors
536:distal phalanges
147:Local anesthesia
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558:Main article:
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554:Dental surgery
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507:Main article:
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463:cryptorchidism
420:spermatic cord
367:and often the
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62:veterinarians
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1743:Parasitology
1648:Associations
1591:Veterinarian
1511:. Retrieved
1507:the original
1497:
1489:
1484:
1459:
1455:
1449:
1438:. Retrieved
1435:MSPCA-Angell
1434:
1425:
1414:. Retrieved
1410:
1387:. Retrieved
1383:
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1359:
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1332:the original
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1303:the original
1298:
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1276:. Retrieved
1262:
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1192:
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1106:ECVS Website
1101:
1090:
1077:EBVS Website
1072:
1061:. Retrieved
1057:the original
1047:
983:
955:
924:
913:Wound repair
896:
861:
846:
819:
757:
690:
625:
574:
523:tail docking
519:ear-cropping
512:
475:
439:
350:
335:procedures.
330:
226:
191:medetomidine
171:acepromazine
141:
98:
89:farm animals
82:
74:thoracoscopy
53:
52:
1804:Philippines
1680:Specialties
994:electrolyte
927:lacerations
909:or tumors.
879:gastrectomy
877:or partial
875:splenectomy
807:Arthroscopy
600:root canals
515:onychectomy
412:orchiectomy
393:ovariectomy
361:ovariectomy
316:sevoflurane
310:, although
288:guaifenesin
244:intravenous
206:atipamezole
159:bupivacaine
155:mepivacaine
70:laparoscopy
66:arthroscopy
1819:Categories
1733:Obstetrics
1693:Anesthesia
1513:2012-12-17
1440:2018-04-02
1416:2018-04-02
1389:2018-04-02
1365:2018-04-02
1338:2006-07-29
1309:2006-07-29
1278:2016-03-30
1063:2006-04-06
1039:References
939:anesthesia
871:gastropexy
796:amputation
724:Cherry eye
590:and treat
581:wolf teeth
497:anesthesia
493:hemostasis
487:, reduced
357:castration
347:A cat spay
312:desflurane
300:isoflurane
268:Alfaxalone
256:tiletamine
248:thiopental
143:Anesthesia
49:A cat spay
1789:Indonesia
1748:Pathology
1728:Nutrition
1708:Dentistry
1616:Education
1131:. Mosby.
1002:endoscopy
899:cystotomy
885:Cystotomy
783:osteotomy
762:Ruptured
715:Entropion
698:to treat
641:melanomas
525:in dogs,
521:in dogs,
481:infection
416:testicles
396:ligatures
333:emergency
308:halothane
304:enflurane
292:intubated
260:zolazepam
232:analgesic
218:ruminants
202:yohimbine
179:midazolam
151:Lidocaine
1768:Virology
1738:Oncology
1703:Behavior
1476:10853282
1272:Archived
1238:10332823
1178:10332820
1109:Archived
1080:Archived
1012:See also
947:debrided
935:avulsion
867:necrosis
852:Bulldogs
700:glaucoma
683:tumors.
665:mandible
617:(FORLs).
608:epulides
544:scissors
489:bleeding
485:swelling
443:pyometra
434:Pyometra
424:Burdizzo
404:subcutis
294:with an
264:propofol
252:ketamine
198:agonists
187:xylazine
183:diazepam
167:Sedation
1758:Surgery
943:lavaged
726:surgery
717:surgery
669:maxilla
661:plastic
633:lipomas
540:scalpel
455:uterine
451:ovarian
436:surgery
408:sutured
400:ligated
389:ventral
383:. In a
381:abdomen
377:ventral
365:ovaries
272:steroid
87:and in
78:neuters
58:surgery
1782:Places
1713:Ethics
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945:, and
803:repair
766:repair
679:, and
655:, and
628:tumors
588:tartar
570:epulis
527:horses
457:, and
369:uterus
306:, and
284:Saffan
234:, and
212:, and
189:, and
157:, and
101:Europe
1698:Birds
962:teats
958:udder
731:orbit
548:laser
270:is a
258:with
1723:Fish
1472:PMID
1252:ISBN
1234:PMID
1197:ISBN
1174:PMID
1133:ISBN
966:cows
960:and
951:heal
794:Leg
769:For
667:and
606:and
445:and
314:and
280:dogs
276:cats
210:deer
85:pets
1464:doi
1226:doi
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964:of
702:or
546:or
517:),
385:cat
373:dog
214:elk
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