491:, have been controversial due to their depiction of slaves and a dead Native American. Arnautoff placed slaves and working people in the center of several of the panels, rather than Washington, and in the words of Arnautoff's biographer, "the mural makes clear that slave labor provide the plantation's economic basis", at a time when high school history classes "ignored... that the nation's founders... owned other human beings as chattel". Similarly, Arnautoff placed the body of a dead Native American at the feet of pioneers, "challenging the prevailing narrative that westward expansion had been into largely vacant territory waiting for white pioneers to develop its full potential". After the 1968 protests, when new, complementary murals were painted by
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263:. After starting the murals in the National Palace, Rivera went to San Francisco to paint a mural in the new Stock Exchange building, leaving Arnautoff in charge of the Mexican projects for a period of several months. During this period, Arnautoff matured as a muralist, both through technical practice (in San Francisco he had not done
356:
murals project. He is prominently represented there by a mural depicting San
Francisco city life. This mural includes a self-portrait as well as a portrait of his son, Michael. The mural caused some controversy at the time, because the newsstand he painted (pictured, right) excluded the conservative
460:
Following the death of his wife in 1961, Arnautoff retired from
Stanford. He returned to the Soviet Union in 1963, settling in Mariupol, Ukraine, where he had attended gymnasium. While living there, he published a memoir, and created large tile mosaics on public buildings, including a school and a
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and muralist Dewey
Crumpler the school board announced it planned to revisit the original decision. On the evening of August 13, 2019, the Board decided by a vote of 4-to-3 on a compromise, namely to hide the murals rather than destroy them. Jon Golinger, executive director of the Coalition to
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library. All of these murals were focused on humanist themes, including concerns about class, labor, and power. He also painted five post offices (College
Station and Linden, Texas; Pacific Grove, Richmond, and South San Francisco, California), and held solo exhibitions throughout the 1930s.
507:
Protect Public Art, remarked, "While it is a step in the right direction to take permanent destruction off the table, we will continue to strongly oppose spending $ 815,000 to permanently wall off the murals so nobody has the choice to see them or learn from them."
341:. The unveiling of this mural caused a traffic jam and some controversy, in part because one of the murals showed a doctor examining a female patient whose bare breasts were at eye-level. Like his other works in the Bay Area, the murals were
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subcommittee, there were again calls for
Stanford to dismiss him. However, the faculty committee that reviewed his case declined to make such a recommendation to the president, and Arnautoff remained a faculty member.
169:, and was particularly prolific as a muralist during the 1930s. He became a naturalized U.S. citizen, but returned to the Soviet Union after the death of his wife, continuing his career there before his death.
430:, but his politics were nevertheless reflected in his work, which has been described as being part of a mural arts movement that "hoped to inspire change through criticism of the present political system".
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In 2019, a new wave of criticism caused the San
Francisco school board to announce plans to paint over the murals, on grounds that these depictions sent a racist message. The
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voted in June 2019 to develop a plan to destroy all 13 panels of the mural as a form of "reparations" for past crimes. However, after criticism from (among others) the local
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309:(where he had been a patient) in August 1932. Arnautoff's mural series was in the historical Roth building, all were medically-themed murals done in the recessed under a
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In 1931 the family returned to San
Francisco. Arnautoff's first significant work after returning was a mural on the wall of his studio, which he opened to the public.
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and included left-wing newspapers. It also included other references to the "lack of concern" people show each other, including a sign for
Charlie Chaplin's "
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374:, perhaps the most prolific muralist in San Francisco in the 1930s. He completed not only the murals at the Palo Alto Clinic and Coit Tower, but also at the
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Exterior reliefs and the controversial 13 fresco murals "Life of
Washington" (1936), George Washington High School, San Francisco, California, United States
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274:, another leftist San Francisco muralist who had been born in the then-Russian-Empire. The two would later work together on the Coit Tower murals.
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larger than an oil painting) and in style (Rivera advised him to move away from traditional
European styles and learn from native Mexican styles).
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423:
201:, and was repeatedly awarded medals for his service. While in cavalry school, he learned fencing, which would remain a hobby throughout his life.
863:""No proven Communist should hold a position at Stanford": Victor Mikhail Arnautoff, the House Un-American Activities Committee, and Stanford"
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448:
441:, created controversy. As a result, there were calls for Stanford to dismiss him. The lithograph was then used as the cover for an issue of
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and other instructors. He was given a scholarship as the best student in his year, and also became active in the city's leftist arts scene.
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Another part of the City Life mural, featuring a self-portrait of Arnautoff, near a magazine rack containing socialist/communist magazines.
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with four panels of modern medicine and other panels showing primitive medicine, and additionally he four painted medallions of
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255:(who also spoke Russian as a result of travels in Paris and Russia). Rivera and Arnautoff worked on a series of murals at the
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and surrendered his weapons. He remained in China for five years. He again tried to pursue art, signing up for schooling in
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On July 27, 2021, a superior court judge overturned the school board's decision to cover up the murals. Ruling in favor of
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A third son, Jacob, was born in Mexico, and named (somewhat indirectly) after Rivera. While in Mexico, Arnautoff also met
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was one of his students; Diebenkorn considered Arnautoff a mentor and admired his intellectual and political stances.
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priest. He showed a talent for art from an early age and hoped to study art after graduating from the gymnasium in
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In 1934 he was chosen to paint one of the murals to be done at Coit Tower in San Francisco, with funding from the
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William Mandel, "Victor Arnautoff: Passionate Paintings of the Bay Area Black Community in the Mid-20th Century"
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As his student visa expired, Arnautoff brought his family from China and then continued to Mexico in 1929. On
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Beginning with his association with Rivera, Arnautoff's political views moved to the left, and he joined the
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laws, she wrote: "Neutral administrative procedures must be applied without regard to political interests."
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216:, but was impoverished and took a position training the cavalry of (and possibly fighting for) the warlord
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are on the exterior wall of the loggia. The four murals done in color feature modern medicine and depict
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1230:"San Francisco School Board to vote on future of controversial murals at George Washington High School"
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495:, Arnautoff indicated he was glad his work had "provided the impetus for this new progressive work".
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1204:"'This Is Reparations:' S.F. School Board Votes to Paint Over Controversial High School Mural"
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1064:[Victor M. Arnaout]. Искусство и архитектура Русского зарубежья. September 13, 2011
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communications building. He also did woodcuts for books, and had several solo exhibitions.
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39:
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Painting on the Left: Diego Rivera, Radical Politics, and San Francisco's Public Murals
683:
Sublime Dissonance: Art, Politics, and Historical Record on a San Francisco School Wall
640:
Painting on the Left: Diego Rivera, Radical Politics, and San Francisco's Public Murals
565:(1941), oil on canvas post office mural, South San Francisco, California, United States
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1172:"A Mural That Doesn't Age Well: The Debate Over the George Washington Murals in S.F."
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224:, China, he met and married Lydia Blonsky and they had two sons, Michael and Vasily.
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161:, March 22, 1979) was a Russian-American painter and professor of art. He worked in
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In 1955, an Arnautoff lithograph titled "DIX McSmear", associating Vice President
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1572:"George Washington High School "Life of Washington" Mural – San Francisco, Calif"
1256:"Emotions run high at hearing on plan to remove or cover historic New Deal mural"
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553:(1940), oil on canvas post office mural, Pacific Grove, California, United States
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1283:"School to cover up George Washington mural that depicts violence and slavery"
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538:(1935) fresco mural, Presidio Chapel, San Francisco, California, United States
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1397:"San Francisco School Board Votes to Hide, but Not Destroy, Disputed Murals"
559:(1941), oil on canvas post office mural, Richmond, California, United States
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1744:"Coffey on Cherny, 'Victor Arnautoff and the Politics of Art' | H-Net"
1363:"San Francisco School Board May Save Controversial George Washington Mural"
1422:"Judge Overturns SF School Board Decision To Cover Up Controversial Mural"
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and the Bay Area from 1925 to 1963, including two decades as a teacher at
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Politics and Humanism in the Depression Era Frescoes of Victor Arnautoff
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Politics and Humanism in the Depression Era Frescoes of Victor Arnautoff
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from 1938 to 1962. Beginning in 1947, he also taught art courses at the
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1445:"Judge To San Francisco School Board: Arnautoff's Murals Must Remain"
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Arnautoff taught sculpture and fresco painting privately and at the
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Shortly afterward, he completed his first mural commission, for the
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Linden, Texas :: Gateway to the Lakes & Piney Woods Region
1337:"For SF Muralist Dewey Crumpler, the Controversial Past is Present"
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1311:"Movement to preserve controversial mural gets support from NAACP"
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289:
286:"City Life" mural, Coit Tower, San Francisco, painted by Arnautoff
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193:. He went on to hold military leadership positions in the army of
240:. There he studied sculpture with Edgar Walter and painting with
1688:"South San Francisco Post Office Mural – South San Francisco CA"
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1083:
Livingston, Jane; Diebenkorn, Richard; Elderfield, John (1997).
1659:"Lost Mural by Secret Communist Unearthed in Richmond Basement"
1628:"Pacific Grove Post Office "Lovers' Point" – Pacific Grove CA"
1033:"San Francisco to paint over historic George Washington mural"
464:
He remarried in 1970 and died in Leningrad on March 22, 1979.
426:. His style was generally more subtle than Rivera's and other
1836:
Stanford University Department of Art and Art History faculty
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mural, Coit Tower, San Francisco, California, United States
835:. Vol. XX. California Art Research Project. pp.
251:'s recommendation, he became an assistant to the muralist
1826:
Emigrants from the Russian Empire to the United States
1781:"Life of Washington" by Victor Arnautoff (photographs)
578:(1938) post office mural, Linden, Texas, United States
481:
Since at least 1968, Arnautoff's 13 fresco murals at
532:, 300 Homer St, Palo Alto, California, United States
228:
Schooling and early work in San Francisco and Mexico
367:", which is concerned in part with the same theme.
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49:
23:
1766:Arnautoff in UC Berkeley's Living New Deal catalog
352:. He was also appointed technical director of the
1714:"Victor Mikhail Arnautoff Mural: "The Last Crop""
1606:Public Art and Architecture from Around the World
1550:Public Art and Architecture from Around the World
1141:
1139:
876:. Stanford Historical Society: 5. Archived from
16:Russian-American painter, muralist, and academic
1771:Gallery representing Estate of Victor Arnautoff
1470:"300 Homer Avenue -- The Roth Building -- 1932"
1149:[Return]. Old Mariupol. April 25, 2012
729:. University of California Press. p. 95.
663:Coit Tower, San Francisco, Its History and Art
1524:Presido Chapel: An Historic, Living Sanctuary
8:
1761:Arnautoff Papers in Archives of American Art
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935:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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370:Arnautoff was, along with fellow activist
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1886:Naturalized citizens of the United States
1876:Section of Painting and Sculpture artists
1816:Russian military personnel of World War I
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800:"The Fencing Muralist: Victor Arnautoff"
774:Victor Arnautoff and the Politics of Art
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599:Victor Arnautoff and the Politics of Art
528:Fresco murals of medical clinic (1932),
1831:Artists from the San Francisco Bay Area
1008:"Memorial Resolution: Victor Arnautoff"
704:
456:Later life and return to Soviet Ukraine
424:San Francisco Artists and Writers Union
1881:American emigrants to the Soviet Union
928:
407:, including printmaking. At Stanford,
1657:Wirtschafter, Eli (October 4, 2017).
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925:. Berkeley, California. pp. 6–7.
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563:South San Francisco, Past and Present
449:House Unamerican Activities Committee
7:
1602:"Telegraph Hill – Coit Tower Murals"
1546:"Washington High School and the WPA"
1443:Studios, Booksmart (July 29, 2021).
948:
946:
1871:Public Works of Art Project artists
1526:. Interfaith Center at the Presidio
919:Lombardi, Suzanne Woodbury (1984).
771:Cherny, Robert W. (March 7, 2017).
625:Lombardi, Suzanne Woodbury (1984).
596:Cherny, Robert W. (March 7, 2017).
232:In November 1925 Arnautoff went to
1861:San Francisco Art Institute alumni
723:Lee, Anthony W. (April 15, 1999).
638:Lee, Anthony W. (April 15, 1999).
631:University of California, Berkeley
236:on a student visa to study at the
14:
1395:Pogash, Carol (August 14, 2019).
1361:Pogash, Carol (August 10, 2019).
1309:Waxmann, Laura (August 6, 2019).
1120:"Inside and Around the 6 Gallery"
447:. After he was interrogated by a
204:With the defeat of the Whites in
1821:White Russian emigrants to China
1694:from the original on May 3, 2014
1638:from the original on May 3, 2014
777:. University of Illinois Press.
689:
686:. University of Texas at Dallas.
602:. University of Illinois Press.
536:Peacetime Activities of the Army
500:San Francisco Board of Education
1811:People from Taurida Governorate
1806:People from Zaporizhzhia Oblast
798:Nichols, Doug (July 15, 2019).
581:Post Office and School No. 54,
391:Teaching and political activity
220:. While serving the warlord in
208:, he crossed into northeastern
1846:20th-century American painters
1495:"Frescoes by Victor Arnautoff"
1095:University of California Press
1091:Whitney Museum of American Art
983:ARG Conservation Services, Inc
954:"Frescoes by Victor Arnautoff"
644:University of California Press
397:California School of Fine Arts
384:California School of Fine Arts
238:California School of Fine Arts
173:Early life in Russia and China
1:
1281:Díaz, Alexa (June 28, 2019).
1086:The Art of Richard Diebenkorn
1013:. Stanford Historical Society
483:George Washington High School
380:George Washington High School
1062:"АРНАУТОВ Виктор Михайлович"
861:Cherny, Robert (Fall 2013).
261:Palace of Cortés, Cuernavaca
242:Gertrude Partington Albright
191:Yelizavetgrad Cavalry School
1866:Federal Art Project artists
1690:. Living New Deal Project.
1335:Lash, Alex (May 12, 2019).
350:Public Works of Art Project
177:Arnautoff was the son of a
149:, November 11, 1896 – died
1902:
1520:"History: Arnautoff Mural"
1315:The San Francisco Examiner
1260:The San Francisco Examiner
829:Hailey, Gene, ed. (1936).
804:West Coast Fencing Archive
474:
420:American Artists' Congress
32:Виктор Михайлович Арнаутов
680:Refice, Megan F. (2022).
37:
30:
1449:www.booksmartstudios.org
557:Richmond Industrial City
303:Palo Alto Medical Clinic
135:Victor Mikhail Arnautoff
54:Victor Mikhail Arnautoff
31:
1632:Living New Deal Project
1576:Living New Deal Project
832:California Art Research
661:Zakheim, Masha (1983).
405:California Labor School
360:San Francisco Chronicle
185:. With the outbreak of
90:, Soviet Union (now in
1851:American male painters
485:, collectively titled
295:
287:
1006:Mendelowitz, Daniel.
512:historic preservation
293:
285:
189:, he enrolled in the
1499:www.pastheritage.org
1474:www.pastheritage.org
958:www.pastheritage.org
618:10.5406/j.ctt1mmftm8
278:Work in the Bay Area
1724:on December 2, 2013
401:Stanford University
199:White Siberian Army
167:Stanford University
143:Taurida Governorate
65:Taurida Governorate
44:Photo taken in 1940
1841:American muralists
1367:The New York Times
1234:ABC7 San Francisco
1097:. pp. 20–21.
979:"Arnautoff Murals"
870:Sandstone and Tile
488:Life of Washington
477:Life of Washington
469:Life of Washington
409:Richard Diebenkorn
331:Luther Emmett Holt
296:
288:
126:Life of Washington
1288:Los Angeles Times
1104:978-0-520-21257-2
883:on August 9, 2014
784:978-0-252-09924-3
736:978-0-520-21977-9
672:978-0-912078-75-5
665:. Volcano Press.
653:978-0-520-21977-9
609:978-0-252-09924-3
471:mural controversy
132:
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57:November 11, 1896
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1039:. April 20, 2021
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428:social realists
418:as well as the
416:Communist Party
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372:Bernard Zakheim
327:Wilhelm Röntgen
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272:Bernard Zakheim
257:National Palace
249:Ralph Stackpole
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