151:
833:
857:
684:
647:
6906:
917:
818:
885:
772:
342:
220:
6822:
6918:
2343:
719:, explicitly leaving the treaty open to accession by Argentina and Chile. Ecuador acceded on 11 February 1976. The Convention prohibited their international trade and domestic exploitation, and ordered the parties to create reserves and breeding centres. A follow-up treaty, the Convention for the Conservation and Management of the Vicuña, was signed between Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and Peru on 20 December 1979 in
6858:
178:
901:
6882:
845:
723:. It explicitly allowed only Argentina to sign it if it also signed the 1969 La Paz Convention (Article 12; Argentina joined in 1981), and did not allow other countries to accede to the convention 'due to its specific character' (Article 13). The 1979 Convention did allow the use of the vicuña under strict circumstances if the animal population had recovered sufficiently. In combination with
6846:
43:
6894:
6870:
2353:
6834:
691:
Until 1964, hunting of the vicuña was unrestricted, which reduced its numbers to only 6,000 in the 1960s. As a result, the species was declared endangered in 1974, and its status prohibited the trade of vicuña wool. In Peru, during 1964–1966, the
Servicio Forestal y de Caza in cooperation with the US
789:
Its wool is famous for its warmth and is used for apparel, such as socks, sweaters, accessories, shawls, coats, suits, and home furnishings, such as blankets and throws. Its properties come from the tiny scales on the hollow, air-filled fibres, which causes them to interlock and trap insulating air.
762:
saved the species." The
Italian company has been criticized for underpaying local communities collecting the wool. In 2022, the Argentine government's National Council for Scientific and Technical Investigation estimated that "Andean communities receive around 3% of the value generated by the vicuña
1583:
Except populations of
Argentina (populations of provinces of Jujuy, Salta, and Catamarca and semi-captive populations of provinces of Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja, and San Juan), Chile (populations of the region of Tarapacá and of the region of Arica and of the region of Parinacota), Ecuador
533:
is the better-developed incisor roots for the guanaco. The vicuña's long, woolly coat is tawny brown on the back, whereas the hair on the throat and chest is white and quite long. Its head is slightly shorter than guanaco's, and the ears are slightly longer. The length of the head and body ranges
741:
was founded 1977 partly as a sanctuary for the species. Their numbers grew to 125,000 in Peru, Chile, Argentina, and
Bolivia. Since this was a ready "cash crop" for community members, the countries relaxed regulations on vicuña wool in 1993, enabling its trade once again. The wool is sold on the
674:
about 11 months, the female gives birth to a single fawn, which is nursed for about ten months. The fawn becomes independent at about 12 to 18 months old. Young males form bachelor groups, and the young females search for a sorority to join. This deters intraspecific competition and inbreeding.
500:
in 1974, only about 6,000 animals were left. Today, the vicuña population has recovered to about 350,000, and although conservation organizations have reduced its level of threat classification, they still call for active conservation programs to protect populations from poaching,
746:
reclassified most populations as threatened, but still lists
Ecuador's population as endangered. While the population levels have recovered to a healthy level, poaching remains a constant threat, as do habitat loss and other threats. Consequently, the
627:, producing relatively warm temperatures during the day; however, the temperatures drop to freezing at night. The vicuña's thick but soft coat is a unique adaptation that traps layers of warm air close to its body to tolerate freezing temperatures.
616:
Vicuñas live at altitudes of 3,200 to 4,800 m (10,500–15,700 ft). They feed in the daytime on the grassy plains of the Andes
Mountains but spend the nights on the slopes. In these areas, only nutrient-poor, tough, bunch grasses and
659:
stones and rocks, which, together with salt water, is its source of salt. Vicuñas are clean animals and always deposit their excrement in the same place. Their diets consist mainly of low grasses which grow in clumps on the ground.
516:
research published in 2001 has demonstrated that the alpaca may have vicuña parentage. Today, the vicuña is mainly wild, but the local people still perform special rituals with these creatures, including a fertility rite.
832:
654:
The behavior of vicuñas is similar to that of the guanacos. They are timid animals and are easily aroused by intruders due, among other things, to their extraordinary hearing. Like the guanacos, they frequently lick
7020:
856:
663:
Vicuñas live in family-based groups of a male, 5 to 15 females, and their young. Each group has its territory of about 18 km (6.9 sq mi), which can fluctuate depending on food availability.
1615:
150:
534:
from 1.45 to 1.60 m (about 5 ft); shoulder height is from 75 to 85 cm (around 3 ft); its weight is from 35 to 65 kg (under 150 lb). It falls prey to the
1598:
7082:
1463:
715:
To cooperate on the conservation of the vicuña, the governments of
Bolivia and Peru signed the Convention for the Conservation of the Vicuña on 16 August 1969 in
7147:
884:
727:(effective in 1975), as well as USA and EU trade legislation, the Conventions were highly successful, as the vicuña population substantially grew as a result.
496:
Both under the rule of the Inca and today, vicuñas have been protected by law, but they were heavily hunted in the intervening period. When they were declared
712:. During that time, a game warden academy was held in Nazca, where eight men from Peru and six from Bolivia were trained to protect the vicuña from poaching.
7294:
1270:
730:
The estimated population in Peru was 66,559 in 1994, 103,161 in 1997, 118,678 in 2000, and 208,899 in 2012. Currently, the community of
Lucanas conducts a
7344:
1631:
734:(herding, capturing, and shearing) on the reserve each year to harvest the wool, organized by the National Council for South American Camelids (CONACS).
1124:
701:
7253:
7056:
2297:
1547:
1186:
916:
565:
While vicuñas are restricted to the more extreme elevations of the Andes in modern times, they may have also been present in the lowland regions of
7095:
1491:"Las vicuñas como problema de gobierno. Gubernamentalidad ambiental a múltiples niveles y disputas por el modelo de aprovechamiento de la especie"
1539:
1214:"The Late Pleistocene distribution of vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) and the "extinction" of the gracile llama ("Lama gracilis"): New molecular data"
2389:
1411:
1101:
1136:
Wheeler, Jane; Kadwell, Miranda; Fernandez, Matilde; Stanley, Helen F.; Baldi, Ricardo; Rosadio, Raul; Bruford, Michael W. (December 2001).
817:
1584:(whole population), Peru (whole population), and the Plurinational State of Bolivia (whole population), which are included in Appendix II.
481:
valued vicuñas highly for their wool, and it was against the law for anyone but royalty to wear vicuña garments; today, the vicuña is the
508:
Previously, the vicuña was not considered domesticated, and the llama and the alpaca were regarded as descendants of the closely related
477:
every three years and has to be caught from the wild. When knitted together, the product of the vicuña's wool is very soft and warm. The
1692:
7339:
7349:
1305:
126:
1606:
1833:
1273:. Source: Registro Oficial N° 144 de 4 de agosto de 1976 (Official Gazette of the Government of Ecuador no. #144, 4 August 1976).
683:
7126:
1093:
64:
7100:
1642:
751:
still supports active conservation programs to protect vicuñas, though they lowered their status to least concern in 2018.
7309:
7304:
7134:
2741:
1661:
1333:
107:
900:
3530:
1618:[Privatize the vicunas: How to Eliminate the Danger of Extinction and Take Advantage of its Economic Potential]
743:
693:
79:
7314:
7217:
7121:
6994:
646:
1087:
6812:
2810:
2382:
738:
86:
60:
31:
7319:
7152:
5787:
2732:
2723:
844:
7324:
5574:
7271:
93:
7334:
6223:
5736:
5616:
3512:
3172:
2653:
1685:
1294:"Chapter 6: International Policies and National Legislation Concernign Vicuña Conservation and Exploitation"
219:
53:
1655:
6934:
3274:
2980:
2899:
1727:
1213:
581:, but genetic and morphological analysis between them and modern vicuña indicate the two may be the same.
6999:
1198:
1029:
7329:
7186:
3679:
2908:
2792:
2375:
314:
75:
6424:
5454:
624:
1514:"Loro Piana criticized for underpaying a Peruvian community producing the world's most expensive wool"
1439:"Loro Piana criticized for underpaying a Peruvian community producing the world's most expensive wool"
1387:"Loro Piana criticized for underpaying a Peruvian community producing the world's most expensive wool"
771:
7043:
6981:
6910:
6731:
6497:
6488:
6433:
6058:
6022:
5995:
5403:
5394:
4839:
4830:
3196:
3055:
2998:
2944:
2184:
2146:
1826:
1616:"Privaticemos las vicuñas: Cómo Eliminar el Peligro de Extinción y Aprovechar su Potencial Económico"
1551:
1225:
954:
Acebes, P.; Wheeler, J.; Baldo, J.; Tuppia, P.; Lichtenstein, G.; Hoces, D.; Franklin, W.L. (2019) .
867:
824:
776:
530:
490:
1650:
Convention for the
Conservation of the Vicuña (La Paz 1969, including the 1976 Ecuadorian accession)
978:
341:
6677:
6379:
6370:
6118:
5986:
5959:
5895:
5556:
5436:
5385:
3064:
2971:
2562:
2159:
2042:
1734:
1415:
331:
167:
1649:
6764:
6755:
6049:
5174:
4900:
4377:
4368:
4087:
3521:
2989:
2801:
2783:
2662:
2356:
1678:
1513:
1438:
1386:
871:
697:
354:
214:
7191:
6127:
6067:
6031:
5977:
5950:
5941:
5565:
5547:
5481:
7087:
6972:
790:
Vicuñas have some of the finest fibers in the world, at a diameter of 12 μm. The fiber of
7299:
7173:
7007:
6397:
6388:
6076:
6004:
5932:
5763:
5745:
5598:
4548:
3943:
3934:
3786:
3688:
3467:
3434:
3377:
3247:
2774:
2635:
2154:
2123:
1944:
1301:
1167:
1107:
1097:
923:
1293:
7178:
6862:
6791:
6545:
6536:
6415:
6256:
6247:
6040:
5712:
5703:
5651:
5642:
5490:
5463:
5376:
5156:
4764:
4190:
4181:
4171:
4144:
3865:
3734:
2935:
2926:
2917:
2699:
2690:
2626:
2553:
2544:
1782:
1233:
1157:
1149:
973:
803:
705:
570:
402:
7212:
7113:
1550:, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA: Friends of the National Zoo. Archived from
7160:
6821:
6521:
6512:
6460:
6451:
6232:
5089:
5080:
4557:
4153:
3205:
3115:
2953:
2765:
2644:
2617:
2608:
2346:
2169:
2131:
1924:
1819:
1490:
709:
482:
100:
6986:
1229:
6886:
6850:
6838:
6826:
6721:
6659:
6289:
6280:
5805:
5754:
5675:
5666:
5607:
5445:
5147:
4969:
4960:
4515:
4482:
4464:
3952:
3762:
3637:
3476:
2464:
2436:
2217:
1877:
1717:
1162:
1137:
907:
891:
791:
784:
574:
159:
6917:
1292:
McNeill, Desmond; Lichtenstein, Gabriela; Renaudeau d' Arc, Nadine (23 October 2008).
955:
7288:
7108:
6346:
6328:
6214:
6151:
6142:
5201:
4936:
4909:
4680:
4590:
4581:
4566:
4431:
4395:
4350:
4287:
4278:
3795:
3753:
3646:
3612:
3602:
3503:
3485:
3148:
3097:
3007:
2571:
2235:
2207:
2194:
2092:
2007:
1850:
1790:
1489:
Ros, Carlos Javier Cowan; Marcos, María
Florencia; Muro, María Marta (30 June 2022).
1083:
964:
795:
450:
443:
187:
182:
1237:
1046:
469:, which are raised for their coats. Vicuñas produce small amounts of extremely fine
7012:
6922:
6898:
6740:
6709:
6599:
6271:
6085:
6013:
5886:
5829:
5820:
5538:
5472:
5234:
5192:
5107:
4918:
4638:
4629:
4491:
4422:
4311:
4302:
4044:
3813:
3494:
3449:
3416:
3187:
3079:
3046:
2962:
2292:
2282:
2212:
1987:
1979:
1795:
502:
291:
7244:
7025:
1252:
7204:
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6966:
6874:
6361:
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5271:
5225:
5216:
5165:
5117:
4978:
4820:
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4007:
3901:
3744:
3554:
3545:
3458:
3301:
3223:
3106:
3031:
3022:
2399:
2202:
2067:
2052:
1992:
1949:
1882:
1757:
271:
42:
6845:
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5868:
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5285:
4707:
4689:
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4135:
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3139:
2680:
2501:
2367:
2272:
2267:
2174:
2136:
2002:
1969:
1934:
1859:
1362:
759:
497:
6957:
577:. Fossils of these lowland camelids have been assigned to a species known as
6668:
6589:
6442:
6313:
6304:
5778:
5352:
5343:
5328:
5319:
5183:
4755:
4539:
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3874:
3670:
3359:
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3163:
2714:
2599:
2589:
2483:
2474:
2287:
2082:
2017:
1722:
1701:
1111:
799:
671:
656:
598:
566:
281:
231:
1171:
1153:
1000:
1298:
The Vicuña: The Theory and Practice of Community Based Wildlife Management
7238:
7165:
6951:
6577:
6205:
5877:
5589:
5427:
5367:
5032:
4731:
4263:
4208:
4096:
3925:
3401:
3392:
3368:
3256:
3130:
2880:
2756:
2452:
2430:
2418:
2255:
2100:
1867:
1464:"US Lawmaker Demands LVMH's Loro Piana Answer for 'Exploitation' in Peru"
1138:"Genetic analysis reveals the wild ancestors of the llama and the alpaca"
863:
251:
7035:
1662:
Convention for the Conservation and Management of the Vicuña (Lima 1979)
1656:
Convention for the Conservation and Management of the Vicuña (Lima 1979)
7266:
7258:
7061:
6782:
6617:
6478:
6337:
5727:
5514:
5505:
5418:
5304:
5295:
5267:
5023:
4927:
4891:
4806:
4802:
4773:
4698:
4386:
4259:
4220:
3804:
3721:
3627:
2890:
2840:
2535:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2164:
2022:
1939:
1872:
1800:
1762:
619:
610:
602:
526:
509:
458:
446:
439:
17:
7074:
6626:
6195:
6100:
5923:
5913:
5529:
5041:
4881:
4863:
4854:
4740:
4662:
4614:
4605:
4063:
4054:
3989:
3980:
3970:
3892:
3425:
3238:
3088:
2424:
2412:
2319:
2250:
2245:
2240:
2062:
2047:
2037:
2012:
1997:
1959:
1892:
1752:
1744:
716:
667:
635:
631:
539:
535:
466:
261:
241:
6928:
7199:
6833:
6650:
6608:
6183:
5853:
5844:
5138:
5065:
5056:
4987:
4716:
4671:
4530:
4455:
4335:
4326:
3837:
3828:
3320:
3311:
2520:
2511:
2324:
2277:
2260:
2227:
2179:
2114:
2032:
1964:
1954:
1929:
1907:
1897:
1842:
1767:
1709:
875:
770:
724:
645:
606:
590:
474:
462:
454:
204:
198:
1665:
1089:
Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference
5796:
5126:
5014:
4996:
4653:
4506:
3910:
3777:
3593:
2867:
2828:
2072:
2057:
2027:
1919:
1914:
1902:
1887:
755:
748:
720:
594:
486:
478:
470:
461:, which lives at lower elevations. Vicuñas are relatives of the
7048:
6932:
6706:
6574:
6180:
5263:
4798:
4255:
3717:
2863:
2449:
2371:
1815:
1674:
1614:
Bayly Letts, Andres; Pasquel Rodríguez, Enrique (Summer 2006).
465:, and are now believed to be the wild ancestor of domesticated
6406:
5005:
4951:
3883:
3265:
692:
Peace Corps, Nature Conservancy, World Wildlife Fund, and the
513:
36:
417:
1670:
1028:
is not even mentioned in some dictionaries, for example the
700:
established a nature conservatory for the vicuña called the
525:
The vicuña is considered more delicate and gracile than the
1045:
is so rare in English that it is not even mentioned in the
569:
as much as 3500 km south of their current range during the
426:
1185:
Hogan, C. Michael (7 December 2008). Strömberg, N. (ed.).
1811:
473:, which is very expensive because the animal can only be
423:
408:
1271:
Convenio para la Conservación de la Vicuña (Wikisource)
1142:
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
6810:
1343:(in Spanish). Convenio de la Vicuña. 20 December 1979
1334:"Convenio para la Conservación y Manejo de la Vicuña"
420:
414:
1643:"Las vicuñas repoblaron a los paramos de Chimborazo"
609:. A smaller, introduced population lives in central
405:
7228:
6941:
6781:
6753:
6729:
6720:
6648:
6597:
6588:
6534:
6510:
6486:
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6245:
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5842:
5818:
5776:
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4276:
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3414:
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2712:
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2533:
2509:
2500:
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2193:
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2122:
2113:
2091:
1978:
1858:
1849:
1781:
1743:
1708:
411:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1364:Foro "Análisis del Manejo de la Vicuña en el Perú"
1254:The last of the wild: on the track of rare animals
1495:Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais
742:world market for over $ 300 per kg. In 2002, the
1599:"The Vicuna: the precious treasure of the Andes"
1538:Roberson, Mary-Russell (January–February 2008).
1414:. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Archived from
1266:
1264:
979:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22956A145360542.en
838:Comparison of alpaca, llama, and vicuña (1914)
589:Vicuñas are native to South America's central
2383:
1827:
1686:
529:and smaller. A key distinguishing element of
8:
1328:
1326:
1324:
623:grow. The sun's rays can penetrate the thin
1412:"Species Profile: Vicuna (Vicugna vicugna)"
670:usually occurs in March–April, and after a
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6585:
6571:
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1071:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
340:
176:
149:
140:
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977:
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1174:. 0962-8452 (Paper), 1471-2954 (Online).
682:
6817:
1576:
1049:or any major dictionary, including the
937:
813:
949:
947:
945:
943:
941:
1251:Schuhmacher, Eugen (1 January 1968).
806:, or chiru, is from 9 to 12 μm.
687:Parties to the 1979 Vicuña Convention
7:
7272:82083374-61D3-460C-9ECC-2DFB32B717C5
2352:
1540:"Discovering South America's Camels"
550:There are two subspecies of vicuña:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
7295:IUCN Red List least concern species
965:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
650:Herd of vicuñas near Arequipa, Peru
25:
7345:Taxa named by Juan Ignacio Molina
1055:Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
894:in the Argentine Altiplano (2011)
702:Pampa Galeras – Barbara D'Achille
6916:
6904:
6892:
6880:
6868:
6856:
6844:
6832:
6820:
2351:
2342:
2341:
2077:
1512:Bourge, Orlane (22 March 2024).
1437:Bourge, Orlane (22 March 2024).
1385:Bourge, Orlane (22 March 2024).
1197:. GlobalTwitcher. Archived from
1047:Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia
915:
899:
883:
855:
850:A vicuña on rocky terrain (2008)
843:
831:
816:
798:is 8 to 12 μm, and that of
401:
218:
41:
2742:Sri Lankan spotted chevrotain (
1238:10.1016/j.quascirev.2009.03.008
52:needs additional citations for
3531:Central American red brocket (
1094:Johns Hopkins University Press
1086:; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005).
1:
1624:Revista de Economía y Derecho
1125:Ley del 25 de febrero, Art. 1
754:In 2015, French luxury group
442:name) is one of the two wild
4238:Large subfamily listed below
4226:Large subfamily listed below
4214:Large subfamily listed below
1374:– via www.youtube.com.
1300:. Springer. pp. 63–64.
1051:American Heritage Dictionary
744:US Fish and Wildlife Service
694:National Agrarian University
376:Gervais & Ameghino, 1881
2733:Yellow-striped chevrotain (
2724:Indian spotted chevrotain (
794:is 14 to 19 μm, while
27:Wild South American camelid
7366:
1630:(9): 69–80. Archived from
1218:Quaternary Science Reviews
1067:Collins English Dictionary
1059:Oxford Living Dictionaries
782:
739:Ulla Ulla National Reserve
29:
7340:Mammals described in 1782
6716:
6702:
6669:Dromedary/Arabian camel (
6660:Domestic Bactrian camel (
6584:
6570:
6224:North Sulawesi babirusa (
6190:
6176:
5280:
5259:
4815:
4794:
4272:
4251:
3729:
3713:
3513:Amazonian brown brocket (
2875:
2859:
2846:Large family listed below
2834:Large family listed below
2811:Williamson's mouse-deer (
2459:
2445:
2407:
2337:
449:, which live in the high
360:
353:
348:
339:
320:
313:
215:Scientific classification
213:
196:
174:
165:
157:
148:
143:
7350:National symbols of Peru
4910:Domestic water buffalo (
3275:Central Asian red deer (
2900:Bornean yellow muntjac (
1548:National Zoological Park
630:Chief predators include
585:Distribution and habitat
5788:Bates' pygmy antelope (
5575:Soemmerring's gazelle (
3680:Yucatan brown brocket (
2909:Hairy-fronted muntjac (
2793:Philippine mouse-deer (
1745:South American camelids
1645:. El Comercio, Ecuador.
1257:. Collins. p. 304.
1063:Random House Dictionary
32:Vicuña (disambiguation)
6498:White-lipped peccary (
6434:Philippine warty pig (
6059:Yellow-backed duiker (
6023:Black-fronted duiker (
5996:White-bellied duiker (
5617:Przewalski's gazelle (
4840:Four-horned antelope (
3638:Peruvian Yungas pudu (
3197:Visayan spotted deer (
3056:European fallow deer (
2999:Northern red muntjac (
2945:Southern red muntjac (
1212:Weinstock, J. (2009).
1154:10.1098/rspb.2001.1774
972:: e.T22956A145360542.
780:
688:
651:
546:Taxonomy and evolution
457:, the other being the
434:, very rarely spelled
7187:Paleobiology Database
6678:Wild Bactrian camel (
6380:Bornean bearded pig (
6371:Palawan bearded pig (
5960:White-legged duiker (
5386:Red-fronted gazelle (
3065:Persian fallow deer (
2981:Roosevelt's muntjac (
2654:Himalayan musk deer (
2563:Reticulated giraffe (
1728:Australia populations
1710:Afro-Asiatic camelids
774:
686:
649:
560:Lama vicugna mensalis
505:, and other threats.
491:Peruvian coat of arms
7310:Mammals of Argentina
7305:Mammals of the Andes
6765:Pygmy hippopotamus (
6425:Oliver's warty pig (
6050:Red-flanked duiker (
5455:Erlanger's gazelle (
5175:Harnessed bushbuck (
4901:Wild water buffalo (
4378:East Caucasian tur (
4369:West Caucasian tur (
3522:Little red brocket (
2990:Truong Son muntjac (
2802:Vietnam mouse-deer (
2784:Greater mouse-deer (
2663:Siberian musk deer (
1658:– Spanish Wikisource
1652:– Spanish Wikisource
1224:(15–16): 1369–1373.
1030:Macmillan Dictionary
1001:"Appendices | CITES"
868:San Pedro de Atacama
825:coat of arms of Peru
593:. They are found in
555:Lama vicugna vicugna
61:improve this article
30:For other uses, see
6398:Celebes warty pig (
6389:Visayan warty pig (
6005:Red forest duiker (
5737:Günther's dik-dik (
5599:Mongolian gazelle (
5404:Heuglin's gazelle (
5395:Thomson's gazelle (
4549:Long-tailed goral (
3944:Mountain reedbuck (
3935:Southern reedbuck (
3787:East African oryx (
3689:White-tailed deer (
3468:Small red brocket (
3435:South Andean deer (
3378:Siberian roe deer (
3369:European roe deer (
3206:Philippine sambar (
3173:Père David's deer (
2775:Lesser mouse-deer (
2636:Kashmir musk deer (
1735:Wild Bactrian camel
1664:– Original scan at
1609:on 21 October 2009.
1544:Smithsonian Zoogoer
1230:2009QSRv...28.1369W
1148:(1485): 2575–2584.
906:Vicuña fawn in the
862:Vicuñas on road to
489:and appears on the
168:Conservation status
7315:Mammals of Bolivia
6546:Collared peccary (
6416:Flores warty pig (
6257:Giant forest hog (
6119:Maxwell's duiker (
6041:Ruwenzori duiker (
5987:Jentink's duiker (
5896:Sharpe's grysbok (
5652:Tibetan antelope (
5557:Bright's gazelle (
5491:Goitered gazelle (
5464:Mountain gazelle (
5437:Cuvier's gazelle (
5377:Mongalla gazelle (
4765:Pyrenean chamois (
4191:Tibetan antelope (
4145:Black wildebeest (
2972:Reeves's muntjac (
2936:Sumatran muntjac (
2927:Gongshan muntjac (
2700:Water chevrotain (
2627:Alpine musk deer (
2554:Southern giraffe (
2545:Northern giraffe (
1666:Conveniovicuna.org
1418:on 1 February 2009
1341:conveniovicuna.org
1195:GlobalTwitcher.com
872:Antofagasta Region
781:
689:
652:
7282:
7281:
7174:Open Tree of Life
6935:Taxon identifiers
6808:
6807:
6804:
6803:
6800:
6799:
6777:
6776:
6698:
6697:
6694:
6693:
6690:
6689:
6566:
6565:
6562:
6561:
6558:
6557:
6522:Chacoan peccary (
6473:
6472:
6461:Javan warty pig (
6452:Timor warty pig (
6259:H. meinertzhageni
6233:Togian babirusa (
6172:
6171:
6168:
6167:
6164:
6163:
6128:Walter's duiker (
6068:Abbott's duiker (
6032:Ogilby's duiker (
5978:Harvey's duiker (
5942:Brooke's duiker (
5908:
5907:
5688:
5687:
5629:
5628:
5566:Peter's gazelle (
5548:Grant's gazelle (
5482:Speke's gazelle (
5255:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5247:
5246:
5132:
5102:
5101:
5090:African buffalo (
4921:B. depressicornis
4876:
4875:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4558:Himalayan goral (
4380:C. cylindricornis
4247:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4203:
4202:
4166:
4165:
4154:Blue wildebeest (
4088:Common tsessebe (
4039:
4038:
4002:
4001:
3965:
3964:
3877:K. ellipsiprymnus
3850:
3849:
3709:
3708:
3705:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3649:P. mephistophiles
3605:P. mephistophiles
3296:
3295:
2992:M. truongsonensis
2954:Pu Hoat muntjac (
2855:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2823:
2822:
2766:Java mouse-deer (
2675:
2674:
2645:Black musk deer (
2618:Dwarf musk deer (
2609:Anhui musk deer (
2584:
2583:
2547:G. camelopardalis
2496:
2495:
2365:
2364:
2333:
2332:
2109:
2108:
1809:
1808:
1731:
1637:on 24 March 2009.
1603:Alpaca Fiber News
1571:Explanatory notes
1103:978-0-8018-8221-0
924:Salar de Chalviri
383:
382:
377:
368:
208:
191:
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
7357:
7320:Mammals of Chile
7275:
7274:
7262:
7261:
7249:
7248:
7247:
7221:
7220:
7208:
7207:
7195:
7194:
7182:
7181:
7169:
7168:
7156:
7155:
7143:
7142:
7140:NHMSYS0000377321
7130:
7129:
7117:
7116:
7104:
7103:
7091:
7090:
7078:
7077:
7065:
7064:
7052:
7051:
7039:
7038:
7029:
7028:
7016:
7015:
7003:
7002:
6990:
6989:
6977:
6976:
6975:
6962:
6961:
6960:
6930:
6921:
6920:
6909:
6908:
6907:
6897:
6896:
6895:
6885:
6884:
6883:
6873:
6872:
6871:
6861:
6860:
6859:
6849:
6848:
6837:
6836:
6825:
6824:
6816:
6727:
6718:
6704:
6595:
6586:
6572:
6484:
6290:Common warthog (
6281:Desert warthog (
6201:
6192:
6178:
6077:Weyns's duiker (
5951:Peters' duiker (
5933:Aders's duiker (
5919:
5806:Royal antelope (
5764:Salt's dik-dik (
5755:Silver dik-dik (
5746:Kirk's dik-dik (
5699:
5676:Saiga antelope (
5638:
5577:N. soemmerringii
5446:Dorcas gazelle (
5291:
5282:
5275:
5261:
5148:Mountain nyala (
5131:
5130:
5122:
5113:
5068:P. nghetinhensis
4970:European bison (
4961:American bison (
4887:
4826:
4817:
4810:
4796:
4672:Domestic sheep (
4516:Himalayan tahr (
4483:Mainland serow (
4465:Japanese serow (
4274:
4267:
4253:
4177:
4050:
4013:
3976:
3953:Bohor reedbuck (
3861:
3840:A. nasomaculatus
3763:Sable antelope (
3740:
3731:
3724:
3715:
3477:Merida brocket (
3307:
3248:Thorold's deer (
3100:A. calamianensis
2983:M. rooseveltorum
2929:M. gongshanensis
2886:
2877:
2870:
2861:
2686:
2595:
2574:G. tippelskirchi
2507:
2470:
2461:
2447:
2392:
2385:
2378:
2369:
2355:
2354:
2345:
2344:
2120:
1856:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1813:
1725:
1695:
1688:
1681:
1672:
1646:
1638:
1636:
1621:
1610:
1605:. Archived from
1585:
1581:
1564:
1563:
1561:
1559:
1554:on 21 March 2008
1535:
1529:
1528:
1526:
1524:
1509:
1503:
1502:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1475:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1434:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1399:
1397:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1373:
1371:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1350:
1348:
1338:
1330:
1319:
1318:
1316:
1314:
1289:
1274:
1268:
1259:
1258:
1248:
1242:
1241:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1201:on 4 March 2011.
1182:
1176:
1175:
1165:
1133:
1127:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1092:(3rd ed.).
1080:
1074:
1039:
1033:
1022:
1016:
1015:
1013:
1011:
997:
991:
990:
988:
986:
981:
951:
919:
903:
887:
859:
847:
835:
820:
804:Tibetan antelope
737:In Bolivia, the
706:Lucanas Province
571:Late Pleistocene
440:its former genus
433:
432:
429:
428:
425:
422:
419:
416:
413:
410:
407:
375:
366:
344:
326:
223:
222:
202:
185:
180:
179:
153:
141:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
7365:
7364:
7360:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7355:
7354:
7325:Mammals of Peru
7285:
7284:
7283:
7278:
7270:
7265:
7257:
7252:
7243:
7242:
7237:
7230:Camelus vicugna
7224:
7216:
7211:
7203:
7198:
7190:
7185:
7177:
7172:
7164:
7161:Observation.org
7159:
7151:
7146:
7138:
7133:
7125:
7120:
7112:
7107:
7099:
7094:
7086:
7081:
7073:
7068:
7060:
7055:
7047:
7042:
7034:
7032:
7026:vicugna-vicugna
7024:
7019:
7011:
7006:
6998:
6993:
6987:Vicugna_vicugna
6985:
6980:
6971:
6970:
6965:
6956:
6955:
6950:
6943:Vicugna vicugna
6937:
6927:
6915:
6905:
6903:
6893:
6891:
6881:
6879:
6869:
6867:
6857:
6855:
6843:
6831:
6819:
6811:
6809:
6796:
6773:
6749:
6712:
6686:
6644:
6580:
6554:
6530:
6506:
6469:
6436:S. philippensis
6373:S. ahoenobarbus
6355:
6347:Red river hog (
6322:
6298:
6265:
6241:
6215:Buru babirusa (
6186:
6160:
6152:Common duiker (
6136:
6094:
5904:
5862:
5838:
5814:
5772:
5721:
5684:
5660:
5625:
5610:P. picticaudata
5583:
5523:
5499:
5493:G. subgutturosa
5412:
5361:
5337:
5313:
5276:
5265:
5243:
5210:
5202:Cape bushbuck (
5195:T. strepsiceros
5124:
5123:
5121:
5098:
5074:
5050:
4945:
4937:Mountain anoa (
4872:
4866:B. tragocamelus
4848:
4842:T. quadricornis
4811:
4800:
4782:
4749:
4725:
4681:Bighorn sheep (
4647:
4623:
4599:
4591:Mountain goat (
4575:
4567:Chinese goral (
4524:
4500:
4485:C. sumatraensis
4449:
4432:Siberian ibex (
4396:Domestic goat (
4344:
4320:
4296:
4288:Barbary sheep (
4268:
4257:
4239:
4227:
4215:
4199:
4162:
4129:
4105:
4072:
4035:
3998:
3961:
3919:
3846:
3822:
3796:Scimitar oryx (
3771:
3754:Roan antelope (
3725:
3719:
3697:
3655:
3647:Northern pudu (
3621:
3613:Southern pudu (
3603:Northern pudu (
3587:
3563:
3539:
3504:Pygmy brocket (
3486:Dwarf brocket (
3443:
3410:
3386:
3353:
3329:
3292:
3232:
3181:
3157:
3124:
3098:Calamian deer (
3073:
3067:D. mesopotamica
3040:
3016:
3010:M. vuquangensis
3008:Giant muntjac (
2918:Fea's muntjac (
2871:
2865:
2847:
2835:
2819:
2750:
2708:
2671:
2629:M. chrysogaster
2580:
2572:Masai giraffe (
2529:
2492:
2455:
2441:
2403:
2396:
2366:
2361:
2329:
2222:
2189:
2141:
2132:Artificial silk
2105:
2087:
1974:
1845:
1840:
1810:
1805:
1777:
1739:
1704:
1699:
1641:
1634:
1619:
1613:
1597:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1582:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1557:
1555:
1537:
1536:
1532:
1522:
1520:
1511:
1510:
1506:
1488:
1487:
1483:
1473:
1471:
1470:. 19 March 2024
1462:
1461:
1457:
1447:
1445:
1436:
1435:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1410:
1409:
1405:
1395:
1393:
1384:
1383:
1379:
1369:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1356:
1346:
1344:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1308:
1291:
1290:
1277:
1269:
1262:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1184:
1183:
1179:
1135:
1134:
1130:
1123:
1119:
1104:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1040:
1036:
1023:
1019:
1009:
1007:
999:
998:
994:
984:
982:
958:Vicugna vicugna
953:
952:
939:
934:
927:
920:
911:
904:
895:
888:
879:
860:
851:
848:
839:
836:
827:
821:
812:
787:
769:
681:
644:
605:, and northern
597:, northwestern
587:
548:
523:
483:national animal
404:
400:
364:Vicugna vicugna
335:
328:
322:
309:
306:L. vicugna
217:
209:
192:
181:
177:
170:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7363:
7361:
7353:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7335:Andean studies
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7287:
7286:
7280:
7279:
7277:
7276:
7263:
7250:
7234:
7232:
7226:
7225:
7223:
7222:
7209:
7196:
7183:
7170:
7157:
7144:
7131:
7118:
7105:
7092:
7079:
7066:
7053:
7040:
7030:
7017:
7004:
6991:
6978:
6963:
6947:
6945:
6939:
6938:
6933:
6926:
6925:
6913:
6901:
6889:
6877:
6865:
6853:
6841:
6829:
6806:
6805:
6802:
6801:
6798:
6797:
6795:
6794:
6787:
6785:
6779:
6778:
6775:
6774:
6772:
6771:
6767:C. liberiensis
6761:
6759:
6751:
6750:
6748:
6747:
6741:Hippopotamus (
6737:
6735:
6724:
6722:Hippopotamidae
6714:
6713:
6707:
6700:
6699:
6696:
6695:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6687:
6685:
6684:
6675:
6671:C. dromedarius
6666:
6656:
6654:
6646:
6645:
6643:
6642:
6633:
6624:
6615:
6605:
6603:
6592:
6582:
6581:
6575:
6568:
6567:
6564:
6563:
6560:
6559:
6556:
6555:
6553:
6552:
6542:
6540:
6532:
6531:
6529:
6528:
6518:
6516:
6508:
6507:
6505:
6504:
6494:
6492:
6481:
6475:
6474:
6471:
6470:
6468:
6467:
6458:
6454:S. timoriensis
6449:
6440:
6431:
6422:
6413:
6407:Domestic pig (
6404:
6395:
6386:
6377:
6367:
6365:
6357:
6356:
6354:
6353:
6344:
6334:
6332:
6324:
6323:
6321:
6320:
6310:
6308:
6300:
6299:
6297:
6296:
6287:
6283:P. aethiopicus
6277:
6275:
6267:
6266:
6264:
6263:
6253:
6251:
6243:
6242:
6240:
6239:
6235:B. togeanensis
6230:
6221:
6211:
6209:
6198:
6188:
6187:
6181:
6174:
6173:
6170:
6169:
6166:
6165:
6162:
6161:
6159:
6158:
6148:
6146:
6138:
6137:
6135:
6134:
6125:
6116:
6106:
6104:
6096:
6095:
6093:
6092:
6086:Zebra duiker (
6083:
6074:
6065:
6061:C. silvicultor
6056:
6047:
6038:
6029:
6020:
6014:Black duiker (
6011:
6002:
5998:C. leucogaster
5993:
5984:
5975:
5966:
5957:
5948:
5939:
5929:
5927:
5916:
5910:
5909:
5906:
5905:
5903:
5902:
5893:
5887:Cape grysbok (
5884:
5874:
5872:
5864:
5863:
5861:
5860:
5850:
5848:
5840:
5839:
5837:
5836:
5830:Klipspringer (
5826:
5824:
5816:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5803:
5794:
5784:
5782:
5774:
5773:
5771:
5770:
5761:
5757:M. piacentinii
5752:
5743:
5733:
5731:
5723:
5722:
5720:
5719:
5709:
5707:
5696:
5690:
5689:
5686:
5685:
5683:
5682:
5672:
5670:
5662:
5661:
5659:
5658:
5648:
5646:
5635:
5631:
5630:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5623:
5619:P. przewalskii
5614:
5605:
5595:
5593:
5585:
5584:
5582:
5581:
5572:
5563:
5554:
5545:
5539:Dama gazelle (
5535:
5533:
5525:
5524:
5522:
5521:
5511:
5509:
5501:
5500:
5498:
5497:
5488:
5479:
5473:Rhim gazelle (
5470:
5461:
5452:
5443:
5434:
5424:
5422:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5401:
5392:
5383:
5373:
5371:
5363:
5362:
5360:
5359:
5349:
5347:
5339:
5338:
5336:
5335:
5331:A. marsupialis
5325:
5323:
5315:
5314:
5312:
5311:
5301:
5299:
5288:
5278:
5277:
5264:
5257:
5256:
5253:
5252:
5249:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5241:
5235:Common eland (
5232:
5222:
5220:
5212:
5211:
5209:
5208:
5199:
5193:Greater kudu (
5190:
5181:
5172:
5163:
5154:
5145:
5135:
5133:
5110:
5104:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5086:
5084:
5076:
5075:
5073:
5072:
5062:
5060:
5052:
5051:
5049:
5048:
5039:
5030:
5021:
5012:
5006:Domestic yak (
5003:
4994:
4985:
4976:
4967:
4957:
4955:
4947:
4946:
4944:
4943:
4934:
4930:B. mindorensis
4925:
4919:Lowland anoa (
4916:
4907:
4897:
4895:
4884:
4878:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4871:
4870:
4860:
4858:
4850:
4849:
4847:
4846:
4836:
4834:
4823:
4813:
4812:
4799:
4792:
4791:
4788:
4787:
4784:
4783:
4781:
4780:
4771:
4761:
4759:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4737:
4735:
4727:
4726:
4724:
4723:
4714:
4705:
4696:
4687:
4678:
4669:
4659:
4657:
4649:
4648:
4646:
4645:
4639:Nilgiri tahr (
4635:
4633:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4611:
4609:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4587:
4585:
4577:
4576:
4574:
4573:
4564:
4555:
4546:
4536:
4534:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4512:
4510:
4502:
4501:
4499:
4498:
4492:Taiwan serow (
4489:
4480:
4471:
4461:
4459:
4451:
4450:
4448:
4447:
4438:
4429:
4423:Iberian ibex (
4420:
4411:
4402:
4393:
4384:
4375:
4366:
4356:
4354:
4346:
4345:
4343:
4342:
4332:
4330:
4322:
4321:
4319:
4318:
4312:Arabian tahr (
4308:
4306:
4298:
4297:
4295:
4294:
4284:
4282:
4270:
4269:
4256:
4249:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4241:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4229:
4228:
4225:
4223:
4217:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4205:
4204:
4201:
4200:
4198:
4197:
4187:
4185:
4174:
4168:
4167:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4151:
4141:
4139:
4131:
4130:
4128:
4127:
4117:
4115:
4107:
4106:
4104:
4103:
4094:
4084:
4082:
4074:
4073:
4071:
4070:
4060:
4058:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4037:
4036:
4034:
4033:
4023:
4021:
4010:
4004:
4003:
4000:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3986:
3984:
3973:
3967:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3950:
3946:R. fulvorufula
3941:
3931:
3929:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3908:
3899:
3890:
3881:
3871:
3869:
3858:
3852:
3851:
3848:
3847:
3845:
3844:
3834:
3832:
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3814:Arabian oryx (
3811:
3802:
3793:
3783:
3781:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3760:
3750:
3748:
3737:
3727:
3726:
3718:
3711:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3695:
3691:O. virginianus
3686:
3677:
3667:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3654:
3653:
3644:
3634:
3632:
3623:
3622:
3620:
3619:
3610:
3599:
3597:
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3575:
3573:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3557:O. bezoarticus
3551:
3549:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3528:
3519:
3510:
3501:
3497:M. gouazoubira
3495:Gray brocket (
3492:
3483:
3474:
3465:
3455:
3453:
3445:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3432:
3422:
3420:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3408:
3398:
3396:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3375:
3365:
3363:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3341:
3339:
3331:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3317:
3315:
3304:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3290:
3281:
3272:
3263:
3254:
3250:C. albirostris
3244:
3242:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3230:
3221:
3212:
3203:
3193:
3191:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3169:
3167:
3159:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3146:
3136:
3134:
3126:
3125:
3123:
3122:
3113:
3104:
3095:
3085:
3083:
3075:
3074:
3072:
3071:
3062:
3052:
3050:
3042:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:E. cephalophus
3028:
3026:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3014:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2963:Leaf muntjac (
2960:
2956:M. puhoatensis
2951:
2942:
2933:
2924:
2915:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2883:
2873:
2872:
2864:
2857:
2856:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2813:T. williamsoni
2808:
2799:
2790:
2781:
2772:
2762:
2760:
2752:
2751:
2749:
2748:
2739:
2730:
2720:
2718:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2696:
2694:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2673:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:M. moschiferus
2660:
2656:M. leucogaster
2651:
2642:
2633:
2624:
2620:M. berezovskii
2615:
2605:
2603:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2582:
2581:
2579:
2578:
2569:
2560:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2531:
2530:
2528:
2527:
2517:
2515:
2504:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2480:
2478:
2467:
2465:Antilocapridae
2457:
2456:
2450:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2439:
2437:Laurasiatheria
2433:
2427:
2421:
2415:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2387:
2380:
2372:
2363:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2349:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2328:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2301:
2300:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2265:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2238:
2232:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2215:
2210:
2205:
2199:
2197:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2147:Semi-synthetic
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2128:
2126:
2117:
2111:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2097:
2095:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2085:
2080:
2075:
2070:
2065:
2060:
2055:
2050:
2045:
2040:
2035:
2030:
2025:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1984:
1982:
1976:
1975:
1973:
1972:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1947:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1864:
1862:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1841:
1839:
1838:
1831:
1824:
1816:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1798:
1793:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1741:
1740:
1738:
1737:
1732:
1720:
1718:Bactrian camel
1714:
1712:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1683:
1675:
1669:
1668:
1659:
1653:
1647:
1639:
1626:(in Spanish).
1611:
1593:
1592:External links
1590:
1587:
1586:
1575:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1565:
1530:
1504:
1497:(in Spanish).
1481:
1455:
1429:
1403:
1377:
1354:
1320:
1306:
1275:
1260:
1243:
1204:
1177:
1128:
1117:
1102:
1075:
1034:
1017:
992:
936:
935:
933:
930:
929:
928:
921:
914:
912:
908:Atacama Desert
905:
898:
896:
892:Jujuy Province
889:
882:
880:
861:
854:
852:
849:
842:
840:
837:
830:
828:
823:Vicuña in the
822:
815:
811:
808:
792:cashmere goats
783:Main article:
768:
765:
763:fiber chain."
680:
677:
643:
640:
586:
583:
575:Early Holocene
563:
562:
557:
547:
544:
522:
519:
444:South American
381:
380:
379:
378:
369:
358:
357:
351:
350:
346:
345:
337:
336:
329:
318:
317:
311:
310:
303:
301:
297:
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289:
285:
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279:
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269:
265:
264:
259:
255:
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249:
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234:
229:
225:
224:
211:
210:
197:
194:
193:
175:
172:
171:
166:
163:
162:
160:Atacama Desert
158:Vicuña in the
155:
154:
146:
145:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7362:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7293:
7292:
7290:
7273:
7268:
7264:
7260:
7255:
7251:
7246:
7240:
7236:
7235:
7233:
7231:
7227:
7219:
7214:
7210:
7206:
7201:
7197:
7193:
7188:
7184:
7180:
7175:
7171:
7167:
7162:
7158:
7154:
7149:
7145:
7141:
7136:
7132:
7128:
7123:
7119:
7115:
7110:
7106:
7102:
7097:
7093:
7089:
7084:
7080:
7076:
7071:
7067:
7063:
7058:
7054:
7050:
7045:
7041:
7037:
7031:
7027:
7022:
7018:
7014:
7009:
7005:
7001:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6983:
6979:
6974:
6968:
6964:
6959:
6953:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6944:
6940:
6936:
6931:
6924:
6919:
6914:
6912:
6911:South America
6902:
6900:
6890:
6888:
6878:
6876:
6866:
6864:
6854:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6840:
6835:
6830:
6828:
6823:
6818:
6814:
6793:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6784:
6780:
6770:
6768:
6763:
6762:
6760:
6758:
6757:
6752:
6746:
6744:
6739:
6738:
6736:
6734:
6733:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6719:
6715:
6711:
6705:
6701:
6683:
6681:
6676:
6674:
6672:
6667:
6665:
6663:
6662:C. bactrianus
6658:
6657:
6655:
6653:
6652:
6647:
6641:
6639:
6634:
6632:
6630:
6625:
6623:
6621:
6616:
6614:
6612:
6607:
6606:
6604:
6602:
6601:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6587:
6583:
6579:
6573:
6569:
6551:
6549:
6544:
6543:
6541:
6539:
6538:
6533:
6527:
6525:
6520:
6519:
6517:
6515:
6514:
6509:
6503:
6501:
6496:
6495:
6493:
6491:
6490:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6476:
6466:
6464:
6463:S. verrucosus
6459:
6457:
6455:
6450:
6448:
6446:
6441:
6439:
6437:
6432:
6430:
6428:
6423:
6421:
6419:
6414:
6412:
6410:
6409:S. domesticus
6405:
6403:
6401:
6400:S. celebensis
6396:
6394:
6392:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6378:
6376:
6374:
6369:
6368:
6366:
6364:
6363:
6358:
6352:
6350:
6345:
6343:
6341:
6336:
6335:
6333:
6331:
6330:
6329:Potamochoerus
6325:
6319:
6317:
6312:
6311:
6309:
6307:
6306:
6301:
6295:
6293:
6288:
6286:
6284:
6279:
6278:
6276:
6274:
6273:
6268:
6262:
6260:
6255:
6254:
6252:
6250:
6249:
6244:
6238:
6236:
6231:
6229:
6227:
6226:B. celebensis
6222:
6220:
6218:
6213:
6212:
6210:
6208:
6207:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6193:
6189:
6185:
6179:
6175:
6157:
6155:
6150:
6149:
6147:
6145:
6144:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6126:
6124:
6122:
6117:
6115:
6113:
6110:Blue duiker (
6108:
6107:
6105:
6103:
6102:
6097:
6091:
6089:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6075:
6073:
6071:
6066:
6064:
6062:
6057:
6055:
6053:
6048:
6046:
6044:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6030:
6028:
6026:
6025:C. nigrifrons
6021:
6019:
6017:
6012:
6010:
6008:
6007:C. natalensis
6003:
6001:
5999:
5994:
5992:
5990:
5985:
5983:
5981:
5976:
5974:
5972:
5967:
5965:
5963:
5958:
5956:
5954:
5953:C. callipygus
5949:
5947:
5945:
5940:
5938:
5936:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5925:
5920:
5917:
5915:
5911:
5901:
5899:
5894:
5892:
5890:
5885:
5883:
5881:
5880:R. campestris
5876:
5875:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5859:
5857:
5852:
5851:
5849:
5847:
5846:
5841:
5835:
5833:
5832:O. oreotragus
5828:
5827:
5825:
5823:
5822:
5817:
5811:
5809:
5804:
5802:
5800:
5795:
5793:
5791:
5786:
5785:
5783:
5781:
5780:
5775:
5769:
5767:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5753:
5751:
5749:
5744:
5742:
5740:
5735:
5734:
5732:
5730:
5729:
5724:
5718:
5716:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5705:
5700:
5697:
5695:
5691:
5681:
5679:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5668:
5663:
5657:
5655:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5636:
5632:
5622:
5620:
5615:
5613:
5611:
5606:
5604:
5602:
5597:
5596:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5586:
5580:
5578:
5573:
5571:
5569:
5564:
5562:
5560:
5555:
5553:
5551:
5546:
5544:
5542:
5537:
5536:
5534:
5532:
5531:
5526:
5520:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5508:
5507:
5502:
5496:
5494:
5489:
5487:
5485:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5475:G. leptoceros
5471:
5469:
5467:
5462:
5460:
5458:
5453:
5451:
5449:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5435:
5433:
5431:
5426:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5420:
5415:
5409:
5407:
5402:
5400:
5398:
5393:
5391:
5389:
5384:
5382:
5380:
5379:E. albonotata
5375:
5374:
5372:
5370:
5369:
5364:
5358:
5356:
5355:A. cervicapra
5351:
5350:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5334:
5332:
5327:
5326:
5324:
5322:
5321:
5316:
5310:
5308:
5303:
5302:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5283:
5279:
5273:
5269:
5262:
5258:
5240:
5238:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5226:Giant eland (
5224:
5223:
5221:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5205:
5204:T. sylvaticus
5200:
5198:
5196:
5191:
5189:
5187:
5182:
5180:
5178:
5173:
5171:
5169:
5166:Lesser kudu (
5164:
5162:
5160:
5155:
5153:
5151:
5146:
5144:
5142:
5137:
5136:
5134:
5128:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5105:
5095:
5093:
5088:
5087:
5085:
5083:
5082:
5077:
5071:
5069:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5047:
5045:
5040:
5038:
5036:
5031:
5029:
5027:
5022:
5020:
5018:
5013:
5011:
5009:
5004:
5002:
5000:
4995:
4993:
4991:
4986:
4984:
4982:
4981:B. domesticus
4979:Bali cattle (
4977:
4975:
4973:
4968:
4966:
4964:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4954:
4953:
4948:
4942:
4940:
4935:
4933:
4931:
4926:
4924:
4922:
4917:
4915:
4913:
4908:
4906:
4904:
4899:
4898:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4879:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4861:
4859:
4857:
4856:
4851:
4845:
4843:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4833:
4832:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4808:
4804:
4797:
4793:
4779:
4777:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4763:
4762:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4752:
4746:
4744:
4739:
4738:
4736:
4734:
4733:
4728:
4722:
4720:
4715:
4713:
4711:
4706:
4704:
4702:
4697:
4695:
4693:
4688:
4686:
4684:
4683:O. canadensis
4679:
4677:
4675:
4670:
4668:
4666:
4661:
4660:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4650:
4644:
4642:
4637:
4636:
4634:
4632:
4631:
4630:Nilgiritragus
4626:
4620:
4618:
4613:
4612:
4610:
4608:
4607:
4602:
4596:
4594:
4593:O. americanus
4589:
4588:
4586:
4584:
4583:
4578:
4572:
4570:
4565:
4563:
4561:
4556:
4554:
4552:
4547:
4545:
4543:
4538:
4537:
4535:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4521:
4519:
4518:H. jemlahicus
4514:
4513:
4511:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4495:
4490:
4488:
4486:
4481:
4479:
4477:
4472:
4470:
4468:
4463:
4462:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4452:
4446:
4444:
4439:
4437:
4435:
4430:
4428:
4426:
4421:
4419:
4417:
4414:Nubian ibex (
4412:
4410:
4408:
4405:Alpine ibex (
4403:
4401:
4399:
4394:
4392:
4390:
4385:
4383:
4381:
4376:
4374:
4372:
4367:
4365:
4363:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4353:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4334:
4333:
4331:
4329:
4328:
4323:
4317:
4315:
4310:
4309:
4307:
4305:
4304:
4299:
4293:
4291:
4286:
4285:
4283:
4281:
4280:
4275:
4271:
4265:
4261:
4254:
4250:
4236:
4234:
4230:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4210:
4206:
4196:
4194:
4189:
4188:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4172:Pantholopinae
4169:
4159:
4157:
4152:
4150:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4138:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4124:
4123:A. buselaphus
4119:
4118:
4116:
4114:
4113:
4108:
4102:
4100:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4086:
4085:
4083:
4081:
4080:
4075:
4069:
4067:
4062:
4061:
4059:
4057:
4056:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4042:
4032:
4030:
4027:Grey rhebok (
4025:
4024:
4022:
4020:
4019:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4005:
3995:
3993:
3988:
3987:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3971:Aepycerotinae
3968:
3958:
3956:
3951:
3949:
3947:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3928:
3927:
3922:
3916:
3914:
3909:
3907:
3905:
3902:Nile lechwe (
3900:
3898:
3896:
3891:
3889:
3887:
3882:
3880:
3878:
3873:
3872:
3870:
3868:
3867:
3862:
3859:
3857:
3853:
3843:
3841:
3836:
3835:
3833:
3831:
3830:
3825:
3819:
3817:
3812:
3810:
3808:
3803:
3801:
3799:
3794:
3792:
3790:
3785:
3784:
3782:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3766:
3761:
3759:
3757:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3747:
3746:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3735:Hippotraginae
3732:
3728:
3723:
3716:
3712:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3685:
3683:
3678:
3676:
3674:
3669:
3668:
3666:
3664:
3663:
3658:
3652:
3650:
3645:
3643:
3641:
3636:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3629:
3624:
3618:
3616:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3601:
3600:
3598:
3596:
3595:
3590:
3584:
3582:
3581:B. dichotomus
3577:
3576:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3560:
3558:
3555:Pampas deer (
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3547:
3542:
3536:
3534:
3529:
3527:
3525:
3520:
3518:
3516:
3515:M. nemorivaga
3511:
3509:
3507:
3502:
3500:
3498:
3493:
3491:
3489:
3484:
3482:
3480:
3475:
3473:
3471:
3466:
3464:
3462:
3459:Red brocket (
3457:
3456:
3454:
3452:
3451:
3446:
3440:
3438:
3433:
3431:
3429:
3428:H. antisensis
3424:
3423:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3413:
3407:
3405:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3395:
3394:
3389:
3383:
3381:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3367:
3366:
3364:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3350:
3348:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3338:
3337:
3332:
3326:
3324:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3289:
3287:
3282:
3280:
3278:
3273:
3271:
3269:
3268:C. canadensis
3264:
3262:
3260:
3255:
3253:
3251:
3246:
3245:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3229:
3227:
3222:
3220:
3218:
3217:R. timorensis
3213:
3211:
3209:
3204:
3202:
3200:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3184:
3178:
3176:
3175:E. davidianus
3171:
3170:
3168:
3166:
3165:
3160:
3154:
3152:
3147:
3145:
3143:
3142:R. duvaucelii
3138:
3137:
3135:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3121:
3119:
3114:
3112:
3110:
3107:Bawean deer (
3105:
3103:
3101:
3096:
3094:
3092:
3087:
3086:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3070:
3068:
3063:
3061:
3059:
3054:
3053:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3032:Tufted deer (
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3011:
3006:
3004:
3002:
2997:
2995:
2993:
2988:
2986:
2984:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2965:M. putaoensis
2961:
2959:
2957:
2952:
2950:
2948:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2925:
2923:
2921:
2916:
2914:
2912:
2911:M. crinifrons
2907:
2905:
2903:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2874:
2869:
2862:
2858:
2844:
2842:
2838:
2832:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2804:T. versicolor
2800:
2798:
2796:
2791:
2789:
2787:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2773:
2771:
2769:
2764:
2763:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2740:
2738:
2736:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2717:
2716:
2711:
2705:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2678:
2668:
2666:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2652:
2650:
2648:
2643:
2641:
2639:
2634:
2632:
2630:
2625:
2623:
2621:
2616:
2614:
2612:
2611:M. anhuiensis
2607:
2606:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2596:
2593:
2591:
2587:
2577:
2575:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2565:G. reticulata
2561:
2559:
2557:
2552:
2550:
2548:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2477:
2476:
2471:
2468:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2448:
2444:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2426:
2422:
2420:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2409:
2406:
2401:
2393:
2388:
2386:
2381:
2379:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2358:
2350:
2348:
2340:
2339:
2336:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2299:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2125:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2081:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2069:
2066:
2064:
2061:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1985:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1825:
1823:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1802:
1799:
1797:
1794:
1792:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1742:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1696:
1691:
1689:
1684:
1682:
1677:
1676:
1673:
1667:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1654:
1651:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1580:
1577:
1570:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1534:
1531:
1519:
1515:
1508:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1485:
1482:
1469:
1468:Bloomberg.com
1465:
1459:
1456:
1444:
1440:
1433:
1430:
1417:
1413:
1407:
1404:
1392:
1388:
1381:
1378:
1366:
1365:
1358:
1355:
1342:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1309:
1307:9780387094755
1303:
1299:
1295:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1282:
1280:
1276:
1272:
1267:
1265:
1261:
1256:
1255:
1247:
1244:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1189:Lama guanicoe
1181:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1121:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1084:Wilson, D. E.
1079:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1041:The spelling
1038:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1024:The spelling
1021:
1018:
1006:
1002:
996:
993:
980:
975:
971:
967:
966:
961:
959:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
938:
931:
925:
918:
913:
909:
902:
897:
893:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
858:
853:
846:
841:
834:
829:
826:
819:
814:
809:
807:
805:
801:
797:
796:angora rabbit
793:
786:
778:
773:
766:
764:
761:
757:
752:
750:
745:
740:
735:
733:
728:
726:
722:
718:
713:
711:
707:
703:
699:
695:
685:
678:
676:
673:
669:
665:
661:
658:
648:
641:
639:
637:
633:
628:
626:
622:
621:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
584:
582:
580:
579:Lama gracilis
576:
572:
568:
561:
558:
556:
553:
552:
551:
545:
543:
541:
537:
532:
528:
520:
518:
515:
511:
506:
504:
499:
494:
492:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
453:areas of the
452:
448:
445:
441:
437:
431:
398:
394:
393:
388:
373:
372:Lama gracilis
370:
365:
362:
361:
359:
356:
352:
349:Vicuña range
347:
343:
338:
333:
327:
325:
319:
316:
315:Binomial name
312:
308:
307:
302:
299:
298:
295:
294:
290:
287:
286:
283:
280:
277:
276:
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250:
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243:
240:
237:
236:
233:
230:
227:
226:
221:
216:
212:
206:
200:
195:
189:
184:
183:Least Concern
173:
169:
164:
161:
156:
152:
147:
142:
139:
131:
128:
120:
117:February 2022
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
7330:Wool animals
7229:
6973:Lama vicugna
6942:
6766:
6754:
6743:H. amphibius
6742:
6732:Hippopotamus
6730:
6710:Whippomorpha
6679:
6670:
6661:
6649:
6637:
6635:
6628:
6619:
6610:
6598:
6547:
6535:
6523:
6511:
6499:
6487:
6462:
6453:
6444:
6435:
6426:
6417:
6408:
6399:
6391:S. cebifrons
6390:
6381:
6372:
6360:
6348:
6339:
6327:
6315:
6303:
6292:P. africanus
6291:
6282:
6272:Phacochoerus
6270:
6258:
6246:
6234:
6225:
6217:B. babyrussa
6216:
6204:
6153:
6141:
6129:
6121:P. maxwellii
6120:
6112:P. monticola
6111:
6099:
6087:
6078:
6069:
6060:
6052:C. rufilatus
6051:
6042:
6033:
6024:
6015:
6006:
5997:
5988:
5979:
5970:
5969:Bay duiker (
5962:C. crusalbum
5961:
5952:
5943:
5934:
5922:
5914:Cephalophini
5897:
5889:R. melanotis
5888:
5879:
5867:
5855:
5843:
5831:
5819:
5807:
5799:N. moschatus
5798:
5789:
5777:
5765:
5756:
5747:
5739:M. guentheri
5738:
5726:
5715:D. megalotis
5714:
5702:
5677:
5665:
5654:P. hodgsonii
5653:
5641:
5618:
5609:
5601:P. gutturosa
5600:
5588:
5576:
5567:
5558:
5549:
5540:
5528:
5516:
5504:
5492:
5483:
5474:
5465:
5457:G. erlangeri
5456:
5447:
5438:
5430:G. bennettii
5429:
5417:
5405:
5397:E. thomsonii
5396:
5388:E. rufifrons
5387:
5378:
5366:
5354:
5342:
5330:
5318:
5306:
5294:
5236:
5228:T. derbianus
5227:
5215:
5203:
5194:
5185:
5176:
5167:
5159:T. eurycerus
5158:
5149:
5140:
5116:
5108:Tragelaphini
5091:
5079:
5067:
5055:
5043:
5034:
5026:B. javanicus
5025:
5016:
5008:B. grunniens
5007:
4998:
4990:B. frontalis
4989:
4980:
4971:
4962:
4950:
4938:
4929:
4920:
4911:
4902:
4890:
4865:
4853:
4841:
4829:
4776:R. rupicapra
4775:
4767:R. pyrenaica
4766:
4754:
4742:
4730:
4718:
4709:
4708:Snow sheep (
4700:
4691:
4690:Dall sheep (
4682:
4673:
4664:
4652:
4641:N. hylocrius
4640:
4628:
4617:O. moschatus
4616:
4604:
4592:
4580:
4568:
4559:
4550:
4541:
4529:
4517:
4505:
4493:
4484:
4475:
4466:
4454:
4442:
4441:Walia ibex (
4433:
4425:C. pyrenaica
4424:
4415:
4406:
4397:
4389:C. falconeri
4388:
4379:
4370:
4361:
4349:
4338:B. taxicolor
4337:
4325:
4313:
4301:
4289:
4277:
4193:P. hodgsonii
4192:
4180:
4155:
4146:
4136:Connochaetes
4134:
4122:
4121:Hartebeest (
4110:
4098:
4089:
4077:
4065:
4053:
4045:Alcelaphinae
4029:P. capreolus
4028:
4016:
3991:
3979:
3954:
3945:
3937:R. arundinum
3936:
3924:
3912:
3904:K. megaceros
3903:
3894:
3885:
3876:
3864:
3839:
3827:
3815:
3806:
3797:
3788:
3776:
3764:
3755:
3743:
3690:
3681:
3672:
3660:
3648:
3639:
3626:
3614:
3604:
3592:
3580:
3579:Marsh deer (
3568:
3556:
3544:
3532:
3523:
3514:
3505:
3496:
3487:
3478:
3469:
3461:M. americana
3460:
3448:
3436:
3427:
3417:Hippocamelus
3415:
3403:
3391:
3379:
3371:C. capreolus
3370:
3358:
3346:
3345:Water deer (
3334:
3322:
3310:
3285:
3276:
3267:
3258:
3249:
3237:
3225:
3216:
3208:R. mariannus
3207:
3198:
3186:
3174:
3162:
3150:
3149:Eld's deer (
3141:
3140:Barasingha (
3129:
3117:
3108:
3099:
3090:
3078:
3066:
3057:
3045:
3033:
3021:
3009:
3001:M. vaginalis
3000:
2991:
2982:
2973:
2964:
2955:
2946:
2937:
2928:
2919:
2910:
2902:M. atherodes
2901:
2889:
2812:
2803:
2795:T. nigricans
2794:
2785:
2776:
2768:T. javanicus
2767:
2755:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2713:
2702:H. aquaticus
2701:
2689:
2664:
2655:
2646:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2610:
2598:
2573:
2564:
2555:
2546:
2534:
2523:O. johnstoni
2522:
2510:
2486:A. americana
2485:
2473:
2435:Superorder:
2429:Infraclass:
2400:Artiodactyla
2293:Polyethylene
1772:
1632:the original
1627:
1623:
1607:the original
1602:
1579:
1556:. Retrieved
1552:the original
1543:
1533:
1521:. Retrieved
1517:
1507:
1498:
1494:
1484:
1472:. Retrieved
1467:
1458:
1446:. Retrieved
1442:
1432:
1420:. Retrieved
1416:the original
1406:
1394:. Retrieved
1390:
1380:
1368:. Retrieved
1363:
1357:
1345:. Retrieved
1340:
1311:. Retrieved
1297:
1253:
1246:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1199:the original
1194:
1188:
1180:
1145:
1141:
1131:
1120:
1088:
1078:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1042:
1037:
1025:
1020:
1008:. Retrieved
1004:
995:
983:. Retrieved
969:
963:
957:
788:
775:Vicuña near
753:
736:
731:
729:
714:
690:
679:Conservation
666:
662:
653:
629:
618:
615:
588:
578:
564:
559:
554:
549:
524:
507:
503:habitat loss
495:
435:
396:
392:Lama vicugna
391:
390:
386:
384:
371:
367:Molina, 1782
363:
324:Lama vicugna
323:
321:
305:
304:
292:
272:Artiodactyla
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
7070:iNaturalist
6967:Wikispecies
6620:L. guanicoe
6479:Tayassuidae
6443:Wild boar (
6382:S. barbatus
6340:P. larvatus
6316:P. salvania
6314:Pygmy hog (
6248:Hylochoerus
6101:Philantomba
5989:C. jentinki
5971:C. dorsalis
5924:Cephalophus
5808:N. pygmaeus
5766:M. saltiana
5704:Dorcatragus
5678:S. tatarica
5568:N. petersii
5506:Litocranius
5406:E. tilonura
5353:Blackbuck (
5329:Springbok (
5272:Antilopinae
5270:(subfamily
5217:Taurotragus
5184:Sitatunga (
5177:T. scriptus
5168:T. imberbis
5125:(including
5118:Tragelaphus
4939:B. quarlesi
4821:Boselaphini
4805:(subfamily
4710:O. nivicola
4551:N. caudatus
4540:Red goral (
4531:Naemorhedus
4494:C. swinhoei
4474:Red serow (
4456:Capricornis
4434:C. sibirica
4371:C. caucasia
4362:C. aegagrus
4360:Wild goat (
4314:A. jayakari
4303:Arabitragus
4262:(subfamily
4233:Antilopinae
4156:C. taurinus
4099:D. pygargus
3992:A. melampus
3913:K. vardonii
3875:Waterbuck (
3816:O. leucoryx
3745:Hippotragus
3673:O. hemionus
3671:Mule deer (
3570:Blastocerus
3479:M. bricenii
3437:H. bisulcus
3404:R. tarandus
3380:C. pygargus
3302:Capreolinae
3284:Sika deer (
3226:R. unicolor
3215:Rusa deer (
3118:A. porcinus
2938:M. montanus
2735:M. kathygre
2484:Pronghorn (
2475:Antilocapra
2124:Regenerated
2068:Spider silk
1758:Chilihueque
1347:15 February
1313:15 February
985:15 February
922:Vicunas in
785:Vicuña wool
767:Vicuña wool
758:said that "
521:Description
512:. However,
7289:Categories
6756:Choeropsis
6638:L. vicugna
6524:C. wagneri
6427:S. oliveri
6418:S. heureni
6154:S. grimmia
6143:Sylvicapra
6130:P. walteri
6043:C. rubidis
6034:C. ogilbyi
5980:C. harveyi
5944:C. brookei
5898:R. sharpei
5878:Steenbok (
5869:Raphicerus
5821:Oreotragus
5694:Neotragini
5643:Pantholops
5559:N. notatus
5517:L. walleri
5466:G. gazella
5439:G. cuvieri
5428:Chinkara (
5320:Antidorcas
5307:A. clarkei
5296:Ammodorcas
5286:Antilopini
5186:T. spekeii
5150:T. buxtoni
5141:T. angasii
5033:Wild yak (
5017:B. indicus
4972:B. bonasus
4912:B. bubalis
4855:Boselaphus
4831:Tetracerus
4701:O. gmelini
4569:N. griseus
4542:N. baileyi
4507:Hemitragus
4476:C. rubidus
4467:C. crispus
4416:C. nubiana
4279:Ammotragus
4182:Pantholops
4112:Alcelaphus
4097:Bontebok (
4090:D. lunatus
4079:Damaliscus
4066:B. hunteri
3955:R. redunca
3856:Reduncinae
3807:O. gazella
3756:H. equinus
3682:O. pandora
3662:Odocoileus
3546:Ozotoceros
3402:Reindeer (
3347:H. inermis
3336:Hydropotes
3259:C. elaphus
3257:Red deer (
3199:R. alfredi
3116:Hog deer (
2974:M. reevesi
2947:M. muntjak
2777:T. kanchil
2744:M. meminna
2691:Hyemoschus
2681:Tragulidae
2638:M. cupreus
2556:G. giraffa
2502:Giraffidae
2453:Ruminantia
2273:Modacrylic
2268:Microfiber
2185:Triacetate
2137:Milk fiber
2003:Camel hair
1935:Lotus silk
1187:"Guanaco:
1010:14 January
932:References
890:Vicuña in
779:in Ecuador
777:Chimborazo
760:Loro Piana
657:calcareous
625:atmosphere
531:morphology
498:endangered
201:Appendix I
87:newspapers
7245:Q27064374
6863:Argentina
6708:Suborder
6618:Guanaco (
6590:Camelidae
6576:Suborder
6548:D. tajacu
6537:Dicotyles
6513:Catagonus
6500:T. pecari
6445:S. scrofa
6349:P. porcus
6338:Bushpig (
6206:Babyrousa
6182:Suborder
6079:C. weynsi
6070:C. spadix
5935:C. adersi
5856:O. ourebi
5790:N. batesi
5779:Neotragus
5748:M. kirkii
5550:N. granti
5515:Gerenuk (
5484:G. spekei
5448:G. dorcas
5305:Dibatag (
5092:S. caffer
5057:Pseudoryx
5044:B. taurus
5024:Banteng (
4999:B. gaurus
4928:Tamaraw (
4774:Chamois (
4756:Rupicapra
4743:P. nayaur
4719:O. vignei
4699:Mouflon (
4398:C. hircus
4387:Markhor (
4290:A. lervia
4055:Beatragus
3981:Aepyceros
3805:Gemsbok (
3798:O. dammah
3640:P. carlae
3533:M. temama
3524:M. rufina
3488:M. chunyi
3470:M. bororo
3360:Capreolus
3286:C. nippon
3277:C. hanglu
3164:Elaphurus
3109:A. kuhlii
3023:Elaphodus
2891:Muntiacus
2726:M. indica
2715:Moschiola
2647:M. fuscus
2590:Moschidae
2451:Suborder
2411:Kingdom:
2288:Polyester
2160:Diacetate
2115:Synthetic
2018:Chiengora
1723:Dromedary
1702:Camelidae
1518:Newsendip
1443:Newsendip
1422:4 January
1391:Newsendip
1005:cites.org
926:, Bolivia
866:geysers,
802:from the
800:shahtoosh
698:La Molina
672:gestation
599:Argentina
567:Patagonia
300:Species:
282:Camelidae
238:Kingdom:
232:Eukaryota
7300:Camelids
7239:Wikidata
7200:Species+
7127:14200122
7088:10861866
6952:Wikidata
6680:C. ferus
6636:Vicuña (
6629:L. pacos
6627:Alpaca (
6611:L. glama
6578:Tylopoda
6088:C. zebra
6016:C. niger
5590:Procapra
5368:Eudorcas
5344:Antilope
5081:Syncerus
5042:Cattle (
5035:B. mutus
4963:B. bison
4903:B. arnee
4864:Nilgai (
4741:Bharal (
4732:Pseudois
4692:O. dalli
4674:O. aries
4665:O. ammon
4663:Argali (
4615:Muskox (
4582:Oreamnos
4560:N. goral
4443:C. walie
4327:Budorcas
4264:Caprinae
4209:Caprinae
4064:Hirola (
4008:Peleinae
3990:Impala (
3895:K. leche
3893:Lechwe (
3789:O. beisa
3765:H. niger
3426:Taruca (
3393:Rangifer
3323:A. alces
3224:Sambar (
3151:R. eldii
3131:Rucervus
3089:Chital (
2881:Cervinae
2868:Cervidae
2829:Cervidae
2757:Tragulus
2431:Eutheria
2425:Mammalia
2419:Chordata
2417:Phylum:
2413:Animalia
2347:Category
2256:Technora
2218:Metallic
2101:Asbestos
2043:Pashmina
2008:Cashmere
1172:11749713
1112:62265494
864:El Tatio
710:Ayacucho
642:Behavior
634:and the
447:camelids
355:Synonyms
278:Family:
262:Mammalia
252:Chordata
248:Phylum:
242:Animalia
228:Domain:
188:IUCN 3.1
76:"Vicuña"
7267:ZooBank
7259:7396235
7062:5220192
6958:Q167797
6887:Bolivia
6851:Biology
6839:Mammals
6827:Animals
6813:Portals
6792:Cetacea
6783:Cetacea
6651:Camelus
6609:Llama (
6489:Tayassu
6305:Porcula
5854:Oribi (
5845:Ourebia
5728:Madoqua
5713:Beira (
5634:Saigini
5541:N. dama
5419:Gazella
5268:Bovidae
5266:Family
5237:T. oryx
5157:Bongo (
5139:Nyala (
5066:Saola (
4988:Gayal (
4892:Bubalus
4807:Bovinae
4803:Bovidae
4801:Family
4717:Urial (
4407:C. ibex
4336:Takin (
4260:Bovidae
4258:Family
4221:Bovinae
4147:C. gnou
3926:Redunca
3838:Addax (
3722:Bovidae
3720:Family
3628:Pudella
3615:P. pudu
3506:M. nana
3321:Moose (
3091:A. axis
3058:D. dama
2920:M. feae
2866:Family
2841:Bovidae
2786:T. napu
2600:Moschus
2536:Giraffa
2521:Okapi (
2423:Class:
2402:species
2398:Extant
2357:Commons
2315:Vinylon
2310:Vectran
2305:Spandex
2236:Acrylic
2228:Polymer
2195:Mineral
2175:Piñatex
2165:Lyocell
2155:Acetate
2093:Mineral
2023:Guanaco
1873:Bagasse
1851:Natural
1801:Huarizo
1783:Hybrids
1763:Guanaco
1523:4 April
1474:4 April
1448:4 April
1396:4 April
1370:4 April
1226:Bibcode
1163:1088918
1043:vicugna
810:Gallery
620:Festuca
611:Ecuador
603:Bolivia
527:guanaco
510:guanaco
467:alpacas
459:guanaco
436:vicugna
334:, 1782)
288:Genus:
268:Order:
258:Class:
203: (
186: (
144:Vicuña
101:scholar
7192:145836
7179:986959
7101:625031
7049:309016
7033:ECOS:
7000:153474
6196:Suidae
5797:Suni (
5530:Nanger
5015:Zebu (
4997:Gaur (
4882:Bovini
4606:Ovibos
3911:Puku (
3886:K. kob
3450:Mazama
3239:Cervus
2512:Okapia
2320:Vinyon
2298:UHMWPE
2283:Olefin
2251:Kevlar
2246:Twaron
2241:Aramid
2213:Basalt
2208:Carbon
2078:Vicuña
2063:Tendon
2053:Rabbit
2048:Qiviut
2038:Mohair
2013:Catgut
1998:Byssus
1993:Angora
1988:Alpaca
1980:Animal
1960:Rattan
1950:Raffia
1893:Cotton
1878:Bamboo
1843:Fibers
1773:Vicuña
1753:Alpaca
1558:16 May
1304:
1170:
1160:
1110:
1100:
1069:, and
1026:vicuña
910:(2014)
878:(2011)
732:chaccu
717:La Paz
668:Mating
636:culpeo
540:culpeo
536:cougar
451:alpine
399:(both
397:vicuna
387:vicuña
332:Molina
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
18:Vicuna
7218:18559
7166:88200
7114:22956
7083:IRMNG
7075:42236
7013:5BD74
6923:Andes
6899:Chile
6184:Suina
5667:Saiga
5608:Goa (
5127:kudus
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