573:
agreeing to develop the bastide for their mutual benefit. Frequently the pareage was between the local lord, in this case
Jourdain de l'Isle and a sovereign power, Edward 1 of England. The agreement set out the responsibilities of each party to the villagers and also what share of the profits from the markets and land taxes, etc. would go to each party. If the correct population density could be achieved (the hopeful part), this would attract merchants to the markets, who could also be taxed. The incentive for people to live in a bastide was release from direct taxation by the lord. Those who moved to a bastide became free men yet still enjoyed the protection of the lord's army. This was the beginning of the end of feudalism. The lord and the king could now make money through property taxes on those living in the bastide, and also sales taxes on the markets that took place there.
581:“rasa” being a medieval unit of measure). Over an inside area of about 10 hectares, only part of the land was allotted to the first inhabitants and the space in the village was far from being wholly occupied by housing. The gardens have at all times taken up a lot of space. The overall structure included two road axes: one, north–south nearly 350 metres long, ran parallel with the Baïse, the other, about 250 metres long, lies perpendicular to the first. Other streets of different widths ran parallel to each of these but none of them led to a village gate. So it can be seen that there were only four entrances. These main streets are 7.68 metres wide. The narrower streets were half as wide. Five round towers (defensive) and four square towers (exits and entrances) marked the 1250 metres of outside walls.
228:
198:
169:
569:
mind. In feudalism, the local population swore loyalty to a lord. These locals paid taxes (tithes) out of whatever they could produce and sell. A lord kept law and order: police, judge and jury all in one, enforced by his army. Farmers didn't make a lot of money, and mostly grew grain and raised enough cattle to live on, with only a little left over. Lords needed another way to finance their lavish lifestyles and the crusades, plus whatever demands the church also made for financial support. Thus the lords needed a way to generate more money than the tithe system could produce.
144:
621:. The Albret valley, a tourist area with Nérac as its capital, is crossed by the Tenarèze - an ancient Roman road - and boasts a fortified mill, castles dating from the 13th, 14th and 17th centuries, other bastides and Romanesque churches scattered over hilly countryside partly covered by the Buzet vineyards. Vianne has fine restaurants and small shops and is a popular tourist stopover particularly in the summer with its evening market.
159:
24:
737:
585:
between four and five metres high. In some places the maximum height of six to eight metre walls can still be seen. All the blocks are between 20 and 28 cm in height and 25 to 45 cm in length. A rampart walk still exists in some place at about 3.5m above ground level. There are some arrow slits visible in the walls on the river side of the village.
235:
205:
589:
that wall replaced by houses. The towers originally were capped with wooden turrets and these have been replaced with stone. When the suspension bridge was built in the 1840s new entrances were made in the walls to allow for traffic through the village. At the northeast end of the village the road now bends to meet the bridge over the BaĂŻse.
541:, one of the two daughters of Vital, lord of Montgaillard. On the death of her father Vianne had inherited the castle and its dependencies (including Vilalonga), the castle of Puch and the one of Gontaud. Vianne had a sad life, was married twice without producing any children and in 1281 in a convents she had founded in
580:
Started in 1284 and finished in 1287 Vianne is one of the most interesting bastides because of its formal plan and its well-preserved walls and gates. Its maps show building plots which were originally equal in size, i.e. about 11.70 metres in front by 23.40 metres at the sides (24 rasas by 48, the
596:
During the
Hundred Years' War, the French retook Vianne from the English in 1337. It was then retaken in 1340 by the English who again surrendered it to the French in 1342. Again retaken by the English it changed hands several times over the next hundred years before it was finally relinquished to
588:
Today most of the buildings in the village date from the 19th and 20th centuries although a few exist from the 17th and 18th. The outside walls were extensively restored in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. One of the towers on the river BaĂŻse side of the village has been removed and most of
584:
The original walls were first built approximately four to five blocks of limestone high continuously around the village before the next level of four blocks was added and so on to reach the optimum height of between six and eight metres. However following renovation work most of the walls are only
576:
The market was the centre of the village because it generated sales taxes. This is also why churches in bastides are normally located away from the centre; churches didn't generate revenue. The bastide was laid out on a grid because that made assessing property taxes easier and more equitable. The
572:
The bastide was devised to solve this problem. The idea was to clear some land, build a fortified village and attract the local population to live there and work the expanse of land around it. This was often done by an agreement known as a “pareatge”, a legal contract between two or more parties
568:
The 13th century was a costly time for the local lords. They were expected to provide soldiers for the
English monarchy and its overseas wars and also enjoy a lavish lifestyle. Thus it was seen that part of the decision to construct these bastide villages was economic as well as with security in
600:
Today Vianne is well known for the glassmaking industry which developed over many years. A large factory was built outside the walls at the south-western end in the 1920s and this has gone through many changes. The old railway station is the workshop for a glass blowing craftsman and other
521:
were highly desirable lands and in order to protect and also control the people living there a series of fortified villages, “bastides” were founded from about 1229. Where Vianne now lies already existed a village, Vilalonga, with a mill and a dam on the river
592:
Jourdain de l'Isle was not a popular lord. He was known to be a vicious soldier and very cruel to his local population. In 1313, he destroyed the church in Vianne after a row with the monks. He was executed in 1323 on the orders of then King, Edward III.
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laws of the bastide said that trade could only take place in the market square, and the purpose of the covered central area was to protect the weighing and measuring devices of the lord's representative and tax collector.
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227:
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197:
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craftspeople work in the village, e.g. a leather worker, a furniture restorer and a potter. The railway line now only handles freight traffic between
695:
710:
168:
464:
French Land
Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.
2380:
260:
107:
1944:
1884:
703:
1939:
45:
1989:
1364:
2114:
1994:
1984:
1959:
1929:
1834:
2099:
2089:
2074:
2009:
1909:
1869:
430:
143:
2229:
2119:
2104:
2029:
1914:
1874:
1654:
1484:
1614:
88:
2189:
1954:
1879:
1729:
1719:
1639:
1634:
1384:
1369:
331:
60:
34:
2244:
2154:
2019:
2004:
1969:
1849:
1674:
1509:
1344:
1319:
889:
869:
764:
326:
2359:
2094:
1864:
1694:
1689:
1459:
1434:
1019:
1009:
809:
2169:
650:
67:
538:
534:
2309:
2209:
2204:
2164:
2109:
2059:
2049:
2034:
1934:
1919:
1904:
1859:
1644:
1589:
1304:
1169:
964:
864:
546:
41:
2234:
2174:
2129:
2069:
2064:
1924:
1894:
1799:
1704:
1624:
1604:
1474:
1409:
1284:
979:
824:
784:
779:
610:
530:
2353:
2079:
2054:
1949:
1889:
1839:
1174:
1114:
1109:
949:
498:
409:
314:
74:
2294:
1629:
2269:
2159:
1979:
1669:
1249:
1204:
1039:
944:
879:
554:
419:
2314:
2249:
2219:
2039:
1999:
1974:
1664:
1564:
1554:
1549:
1524:
1209:
1124:
1089:
1049:
1024:
1014:
909:
158:
56:
653:(in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
2319:
2184:
2014:
1544:
1294:
774:
533:
was the seat of the
Gontaud Birons, the local feudal lords. The village of Vilalonga belonged to
491:
350:
343:
307:
134:
1739:
1314:
959:
614:
2239:
2179:
1794:
1774:
1479:
1324:
1079:
769:
602:
338:
302:
664:
561:
in 1272. To continue the policy of fortifying the area it was decided in 1284 to construct a
445:
1619:
1489:
1119:
1074:
834:
1899:
1754:
1429:
1374:
1354:
1299:
483:
478:
1964:
1029:
1829:
1519:
1499:
884:
730:
495:
319:
2374:
2044:
1814:
1769:
1529:
919:
609:. The River BaĂŻse is well used by passenger boats, both private or from the bases at
545:
she would die. However, in 1275 she had bequeathed all her properties to her nephew
81:
2339:
2024:
1679:
1329:
1244:
1214:
1094:
1004:
999:
904:
844:
2324:
2254:
1539:
1334:
1264:
2304:
2274:
2199:
2139:
2084:
1749:
1744:
1599:
1389:
1229:
1184:
1144:
1064:
23:
690:
2279:
2124:
1844:
1784:
1724:
1594:
1404:
1399:
1359:
1349:
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1254:
1044:
989:
939:
438:
426:
405:
275:
262:
2224:
2149:
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1649:
1504:
1494:
1224:
1189:
1149:
1034:
994:
819:
514:
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on the lands at
Vilalonga and it was named after Vianne de Gontaud Biron.
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1289:
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2144:
2134:
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1394:
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1159:
1134:
1069:
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914:
859:
829:
789:
754:
562:
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2194:
1569:
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1139:
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1059:
1054:
984:
854:
618:
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502:
295:
899:
685:
1819:
1379:
1339:
1274:
1234:
1099:
804:
759:
749:
699:
17:
669:
The
National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies
526:. The village also had a church from the 12th century.
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48:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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691:http://vianne.bastide.47.monsite.wanadoo.fr/
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651:"RĂ©pertoire national des Ă©lus: les maires"
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631:Communes of the Lot-et-Garonne department
108:Learn how and when to remove this message
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120:Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
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46:adding citations to reliable sources
549:. He had pledged his allegiance to
379:9.82 km (3.79 sq mi)
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686:http://www.unibg.it/walledtowns/
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459:(avg. 42 m or 138 ft)
457:28–134 m (92–440 ft)
33:needs additional citations for
247:Show map of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
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1:
1910:Sainte-Colombe-de-Villeneuve
2120:Saint-Vincent-de-Lamontjoie
2030:Saint-Nicolas-de-la-Balerme
1915:Sainte-Colombe-en-Bruilhois
2397:
2381:Communes of Lot-et-Garonne
1945:Saint-Étienne-de-Villeréal
1885:Saint-Barthélemy-d'Agenais
665:"Populations légales 2021"
597:the French crown in 1442.
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2020:Saint-Maurice-de-Lestapel
2010:Saint-Martin-de-Villeréal
2005:Saint-Martin-de-Beauville
1970:Saint-Hilaire-de-Lusignan
1940:Saint-Étienne-de-Fougères
1345:Labastide-Castel-Amouroux
890:Blanquefort-sur-Briolance
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2095:Saint-Sauveur-de-Meilhan
1865:Saint-Antoine-de-Ficalba
1020:Castelnaud-de-Gratecambe
2310:Villefranche-du-Queyran
2110:Saint-Sylvestre-sur-Lot
2060:Saint-Pierre-de-Clairac
2035:Saint-Pardoux-du-Breuil
1955:Saint-Front-sur-LĂ©mance
1935:Sainte-Maure-de-Peyriac
1920:Sainte-Gemme-Martaillac
1905:Sainte-Colombe-de-Duras
1305:Grateloup-Saint-Gayrand
539:Vianne of Gontaut Biron
535:Vianne of Gontaud Biron
395:100/km (260/sq mi)
371:Laurence Tonin Benlloch
2175:Sauveterre-Saint-Denis
2155:La Sauvetat-de-Savères
2070:Saint-Quentin-du-Dropt
2065:Saint-Pierre-sur-Dropt
1925:Sainte-Livrade-sur-Lot
1895:Saint-Colomb-de-Lauzun
1625:Montagnac-sur-Auvignon
1605:Montgaillard-en-Albret
529:The nearby village of
2170:Sauveterre-la-LĂ©mance
2080:Saint-Romain-le-Noble
2055:Saint-Pierre-de-Buzet
1950:Saint-Eutrope-de-Born
1890:Saint-Caprais-de-Lerm
1115:Couthures-sur-Garonne
475:French pronunciation:
418: • Summer (
2210:SĂ©rignac-sur-Garonne
2165:La Sauvetat-sur-Lède
2160:La Sauvetat-du-Dropt
2050:Saint-PĂ©-Saint-Simon
1980:Saint-Jean-de-Thurac
1670:Montignac-Toupinerie
1250:Fourques-sur-Garonne
1040:Caubon-Saint-Sauveur
392: • Density
148:The church in Vianne
42:improve this article
2315:Villeneuve-de-Duras
2250:Thouars-sur-Garonne
2040:Saint-Pardoux-Isaac
2000:Saint-Martin-Curton
1975:Saint-Jean-de-Duras
1665:Montignac-de-Lauzun
1565:Miramont-de-Guyenne
1555:Meilhan-sur-Garonne
1475:LĂ©vignac-de-Guyenne
1210:Fargues-sur-Ourbise
1090:Colayrac-Saint-Cirq
1050:Caumont-sur-Garonne
1025:Castelnau-sur-Gupie
1015:Castelmoron-sur-Lot
910:Boudy-de-Beauregard
671:. 28 December 2023.
557:who became king of
555:Eleanor of Provence
513:The territories of
365: • Mayor
272: /
2320:Villeneuve-sur-Lot
2295:Verteuil-d'Agenais
2185:Savignac-sur-Leyze
2015:Saint-Martin-Petit
1630:Montagnac-sur-Lède
1545:Mauvezin-sur-Gupie
1295:Gontaud-de-Nogaret
775:Allez-et-Cazeneuve
547:Jourdain de l'Isle
367:(2020–2026)
308:Nouvelle-Aquitaine
276:44.1978°N 0.3217°E
217:Show map of France
184:Location of Vianne
2368:
2367:
2270:Tournon-d'Agenais
2240:Le Temple-sur-Lot
2205:SĂ©rignac-PĂ©boudou
2180:Savignac-de-Duras
1775:Port-Sainte-Marie
1480:Leyritz-Moncassin
1325:Hautefage-la-Tour
1080:Clermont-Soubiran
770:Allemans-du-Dropt
603:Port-Sainte-Marie
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355:Albret Communauté
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2388:
1620:Monsempron-Libos
1550:Mazières-Naresse
1525:Le Mas-d'Agenais
1120:La Croix-Blanche
1075:Clermont-Dessous
835:Auriac-sur-Dropt
740:
739:
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611:Le-Mas-d'Agenais
501:in southwestern
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351:Intercommunality
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1900:Sainte-Bazeille
1755:Pinel-Hauterive
1740:Penne-d'Agenais
1430:Laroque-Timbaut
1375:Lafitte-sur-Lot
1355:Lacapelle-Biron
1315:Grézet-Cavagnan
1300:Granges-sur-Lot
960:Buzet-sur-BaĂŻse
741:
736:
734:
724:
682:
677:
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663:
662:
658:
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615:Buzet-sur-BaĂŻse
511:
474:
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449:
417:
366:
281:44.1978; 0.3217
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1812:
1807:
1802:
1797:
1795:Puch-d'Agenais
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1767:
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1520:Marmont-Pachas
1517:
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1507:
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1500:Lusignan-Petit
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59: –
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53:Find sources:
47:
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37:
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31:This article
29:
25:
20:
19:
16:
2340:Xaintrailles
2299:
2100:Saint-Sernin
2090:Saint-Sardos
2075:Saint-Robert
2025:Saint-Maurin
1965:Saint-GĂ©raud
1870:Saint-Astier
1680:Montpouillan
1330:Hautesvignes
1245:Foulayronnes
1215:Fauguerolles
1095:Condezaygues
1030:Castillonnès
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1000:Castelculier
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531:Montgaillard
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441:/Postal code
173:Coat of arms
104:
95:
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78:
71:
64:
52:
40:Please help
35:verification
32:
15:
2305:Villebramar
2230:Taillebourg
2105:Saint-Sixte
2085:Saint-Salvy
1990:Saint-LĂ©ger
1875:Saint-Aubin
1830:RĂ©aup-Lisse
1655:Montesquieu
1600:Monflanquin
1485:Longueville
1230:Feugarolles
1185:Escassefort
1065:Cazideroque
733:department
279: /
98:August 2020
2354:prefecture
2125:Saint-Vite
1995:Saint-LĂ©on
1880:Saint-Avit
1845:Romestaing
1835:La RĂ©union
1785:Poussignac
1730:Le Passage
1725:Parranquet
1720:Pardaillan
1640:Montauriol
1635:Montastruc
1595:Moncrabeau
1530:Masquières
1405:Lamontjoie
1400:Lalandusse
1385:Lagarrigue
1370:Lachapelle
1360:Lacaussade
1350:Labretonie
1255:Francescas
1045:Caudecoste
990:Casseneuil
637:References
499:department
384:Population
360:Government
315:Department
264:44°11′52″N
68:newspapers
2325:Villeréal
2255:Tombebœuf
2225:Soumensac
2150:Sauvagnas
1850:Roquefort
1805:Puymiclan
1715:Pailloles
1675:Montpezat
1650:Montayral
1540:Massoulès
1510:Marcellus
1505:Madaillan
1495:Lougratte
1335:Houeillès
1265:Frégimont
1225:Ferrensac
1190:Esclottes
1150:Dolmayrac
1035:Caubeyres
995:Cassignas
870:Beauville
820:Astaffort
765:Aiguillon
553:, son of
515:Aquitania
454:Elevation
427:UTC+02:00
406:UTC+01:00
401:Time zone
267:0°19′18″E
2375:Category
2335:Virazeil
2330:Villeton
2285:Trentels
2275:Tourtrès
2265:Tourliac
2260:Tonneins
2200:SĂ©nestis
2140:Sauméjan
1855:Roumagne
1810:Puymirol
1790:Prayssas
1780:Poudenas
1765:Pompogne
1750:Pindères
1745:Peyrière
1735:Paulhiac
1695:Moustier
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1660:Monteton
1615:Monségur
1610:Monheurt
1580:Monbalen
1575:Monbahus
1515:Marmande
1460:Lavergne
1455:Lavardac
1435:Lasserre
1420:Laperche
1415:Laparade
1390:Lagruère
1365:Lacépède
1310:Grayssas
1290:Gavaudun
1280:Galapian
1270:Frespech
1240:Fongrave
1220:Fauillet
1200:Estillac
1180:Engayrac
1165:Douzains
1145:DĂ©villac
1105:Courbiac
1085:Cocumont
1010:Castella
975:Calonges
970:Calignac
925:Bourlens
895:Blaymont
875:Beauziac
850:Barbaste
840:Bajamont
815:Armillac
810:Argenton
795:Antagnac
727:Communes
625:See also
551:Edward I
344:Lavardac
57:"Vianne"
2280:Trémons
2215:Seyches
2190:SĂ©galas
2145:Saumont
2135:Samazan
1860:Ruffiac
1825:Razimet
1760:Pompiey
1710:Nomdieu
1685:Monviel
1645:Montaut
1590:Monclar
1585:Moncaut
1535:Massels
1445:Laussou
1440:Laugnac
1425:Laplume
1395:Lagupie
1260:Fréchou
1195:Espiens
1170:Durance
1160:Doudrac
1135:Damazan
1070:Clairac
965:Cahuzac
955:Brugnac
940:Boussès
935:Bourran
930:Bournel
915:Bouglon
865:Beaupuy
860:Beaugas
830:Auradou
790:Andiran
729:of the
563:bastide
559:England
519:Gascony
509:History
494:in the
492:commune
490:) is a
292:Country
135:Commune
82:scholar
2300:Vianne
2245:Thézac
2235:Tayrac
2195:Sembas
2130:Salles
1800:Pujols
1705:Nicole
1570:Moirax
1465:Layrac
1450:Lauzun
1410:Lannes
1320:Guérin
1285:Gaujac
1155:Dondas
1140:Dausse
1130:Cuzorn
1060:Cavarc
1055:Cauzac
985:Cancon
980:Cambes
855:Bazens
825:Aubiac
785:Ambrus
780:Allons
619:Condom
543:Condom
503:France
484:Gascon
471:Vianne
448:/47230
339:Canton
303:Region
296:France
241:Vianne
211:Vianne
127:Vianne
84:
77:
70:
63:
55:
2290:Varès
1840:Rives
1820:Rayet
1700:NĂ©rac
1560:MĂ©zin
1470:LĂ©dat
1380:Lafox
1340:Jusix
1275:Fumel
1235:Fieux
1175:Duras
1110:Cours
1100:Coulx
950:Bruch
805:Anzex
800:Anthé
760:Agnac
607:NĂ©rac
524:BaĂŻse
488:Viana
446:47318
439:INSEE
332:NĂ©rac
89:JSTOR
75:books
1205:Fals
945:Brax
880:Bias
755:Agmé
750:Agen
617:and
605:and
517:and
431:CEST
376:Area
163:Flag
61:news
2220:Sos
1125:Cuq
900:Boé
537:or
420:DST
410:CET
387:979
44:by
2377::
2358::
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613:,
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486::
482:;
719:e
712:t
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473:(
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429:(
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105:(
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96:(
86:·
79:·
72:·
65:·
38:.
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