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Rotary viscous couplings with interleaved, perforated plates and filled with viscous fluids are used in automotive systems to transmit torque. The device consists of a number of circular plates with tabs or perforations, fitted very close to each other in a sealed drum. Alternate plates are connected
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by using the viscosity of the medium to transfer torque, rather than its momentum. This makes it potentially useful even on very small scales and requires less cooling. The torque transmitted is sensitive to the difference in speeds of the input and output but is almost independent of their common
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of dilatant fluids rapidly increases with shear. The fluid in this state will effectively glue the plates together and transmit power from one set of plates to the other. The size of the tabs or perforations, the number of plates, and the fluid used will determine the strength and onset of this
171:-based, to about 80% by volume. When the two sets of plates are rotating in unison, the fluid stays cool and remains liquid. When the plates start rotating at different speeds, the shear effect of the tabs or perforations on the fluid will cause it to heat and become nearly solid because the
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Volvo, Subaru, Land Rover, Vauxhall/Opel, and many others have also used viscous couplings in their drivelines at various times. They are now mostly superseded by electronically controlled devices.
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It is thought that GKN Driveline owns any remaining worldwide patents today and offers several variants and combinations of viscous couplings integrated with other driveline components.
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is often credited with the original idea and development as applied to automatic couplings in vehicle transmission systems, particularly four-wheel drive, working with
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Standard
Catalog of 4 x 4's: a comprehensive guide to four-wheel drive vehicles including trucks, vans and sports sedans and sport utility vehicles, 1945-1993
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222:(LSD) in rear axles. They offer a cheaper way to implement four-wheel-drive than technologies like the mechanical-transfer
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The first production car to use the complete FF system, including the VC. was the AMC Eagle in 1979.
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were companies formed in the 1970s to commercialize much early work into 4WD systems and devices.
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The first mass-produced viscous couplings for a permanent 4WD off-road-capable vehicle were in the
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Tribology and dynamics of engine and powertrain: fundamentals, applications and future trends
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at one end of the assembly and a driven shaft at the other end. The drum is filled with a
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Complete Book of
Collectible Cars: 70 Years of Blue Chip Auto Investments 1930-2000
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Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in cars such as the
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Viscous couplings are used as the center differential in some
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434:The Viscous Coupling: how to test & replace it
54:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
103:An example of a viscous coupling unit opened up
179:This type of device essentially differs from
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397:. Publications International. p. 29.
85:Learn how and when to remove this message
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135:is a mechanical device which transfers
444:Some torque~temp VC calibration curves
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295:. Woodhead Publishing. p. 748.
459:Mechanical devices using viscosity
363:. Krause Publications. p. 9.
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325:"Four-Wheeling Into Your Future"
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391:Langworth, Richard M. (2000).
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289:Rahnejat, Homer, ed. (2010).
357:Ackerson, Robert C. (1993).
323:Rettie, John (August 1987).
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270:Limited-slip differential
220:limited slip differential
40:This article includes a
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111:The fluid inside the VC
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439:Different types of 4WD
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429:Interactive animation
216:Toyota Celica GT-Four
176:mechanical transfer.
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61:Please help
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67:introducing
453:Categories
276:References
238:Tony Rolt
209:AMC Eagle
173:viscosity
75:June 2010
469:Clutches
259:See also
202:vehicles
192:Vehicles
183:such as
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167:, often
141:rotation
410:1 April
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