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appointed Apuzzo to a panel investigating potential discrimination against gay people with regards to state employment, services, and benefits. In 1985 he made Apuzzo executive deputy of the New York State
Consumer Protection Board (where she served until 1989) and the vice chair of the New York
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in the Bronx. By this time, she knew she was a lesbian. She later recounted her experience, saying "I tried to play by the rules. I thought I'd have to live my life with this deep dark secret." She also said, "I stayed three years searching for answers to fundamental questions... I thought of my
302:. She was one of few openly gay delegates at that time. She and her partner joined the Women's Caucus, a branch of the National LGBTQ Task Force. They began to work towards lesbian rights, challenging popular feminists who they felt were not accepting of lesbians within the feminist movement.
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State AIDS Advisory
Council (where she served until 1996). During this time she confronted pharmaceutical companies over the increasing costs of AIDS medication, began investigations into products that were fraudulently marketed as AIDS cures, and worked to draft new insurance policies.
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Apuzzo served as the
President of the New York State Civil Service Commission and as Commissioner of the New York State Department of Civil Service before becoming the Associate Deputy Secretary of Labor at the United States Department of Labor in 1996. In 1997, President
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religious life as temporary. I didn't know whether it would take one year or twenty years to explore the morality of my homosexual identity." She continued to teach during her time at the convent, both at
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Apuzzo joined the
National LGBTQ Task Force (then called the National Gay Task Force), and went on to serve as executive director from 1983 to 1985. In 1980 she became a delegate to the
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on June 26, 1941. Her parents were both working-class
Italians; her father owned a gas station and her mother worked at various times as a waitress, factory worker, and salesperson.
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appointed Apuzzo as
Assistant to the President for Management and Administration. This made her the most senior openly gay person in the Clinton administration.
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but was unsuccessful. By 1979, Apuzzo took a leave of absence from
Brooklyn College to serve as the assistant commissioner for operations in the
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in the same subject the next year. In 1978 she co-founded the Lambda
Independent Democrats. That same year she tried to get elected to the
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During the 1970s, Apuzzo became a member of the
Coordinating Committee of the Manhattan Women's Political Caucus. In 1973 she earned a
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and
Commissioner of the New York State Department of Civil Service. In 1996, she became the Associate Deputy Secretary of Labor at the
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Interview with Virginia Apuzzo in WGBH's public television series "American Experience: Stonewall Uprising", 2011
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During the late 1970s and early 1980s, Apuzzo became a frequent lecturer on civil rights at schools including
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506:"President Clinton Names Virginia M. Apuzzo as Assistant to the President for Management and Administration"
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appointed Apuzzo to the Commission on Public Integrity. She worked in this role until her retirement.
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and as the vice chair of the New York State AIDS Advisory Council. She was also President of the
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on AIDS where she criticized the government, saying the response to the virus was insufficient.
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441:"Meet LGBT History Month icons Virginia Apuzzo, Josephine Baker, and Xavier Bettel"
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when she co-authored the first gay and lesbian civil rights portion of the
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to educate and provide resources about AIDS, and she testified at the first
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of the Social Studies Department at the Marlboro Central School District in
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neighborhood of the Bronx. Apuzzo left the convent in 1969, days after the
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520:"Collection: Virginia Apuzzo papers | Smith College Finding Aids"
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in History and Education. In the 1960s, she became a teacher and
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Apuzzo attended Catholic high school. She enrolled at the
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activist. She is a former executive director of the
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508:(Press release). The White House. October 1, 1997.
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16:American gay rights and AIDS activist (born 1941)
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335:In 2005, she was one of the founders of the
476:"Stonewall Uprising: Meet the Participants"
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400:. St. James Press.
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153:Bachelor of Science
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261:Nightline
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29:Born
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