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Repeated vocal effort can lead to chronic vocal pathologies. Several professional occupations requiring heavy vocal use, such as sport and fitness instructor, have been associated with an increase in developing vocal pathologies
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is a quantity varied by speakers when adjusting to an increase or decrease in the communication distance. The communication distance is the distance between the speaker and the listener. Vocal effort is a subjective
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Hartmut TraunmĂĽller & Anders
Eriksson (2000). "Acoustic effects of variation in vocal effort by men, women, and children".
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Fontan, Lionel; Fraval, Marie; Michon, Anne; DĂ©jean, SĂ©bastien; Welby-Gieusse, Muriel (2017).
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tension, and jaw opening. Vocal effort is different from
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