334:(the campaign's headquarters) to the downtown area; surveyed the segregated lunch counters of department stores; and listed federal buildings as secondary targets should police block the protesters' entrance into primary targets such as stores, libraries, and all-white churches. He ensured the campaign would receive national attention and build support for the cause. The events captured important national media attention and coverage, as Walker discussed in detail when interviewed by
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to open in the law's first year of 1999, and is the only one from that year to survive. The school is community-run and has substantially outperformed the traditional public schools in Harlem's
District 5, where most of the school's students live. The founding and history of Sisulu-Walker was described in the book "A Light Shines In Harlem" by Mary Bounds, which won the Phillis Wheatly Prize for best non-fiction work in 2015. Walker wrote the foreword for that book.
374:, where he commanded a major pulpit in the struggle for tolerance and social justice. He also continued to compose sacred music. He connected his studies of other traditions to the use of music in the black church and social movements. Walker helped teach people about the relationship between movements around the world. During the years in which Africans sought independence, Walker hosted numerous leaders from the continent, including
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260:. It developed strategies against segregation, including publicizing its activities. By May 1960 the PIA had 3,000 members. By conducting sit-ins in 1960 at the Trailways bus terminal, Walker and PIA members gained agreement by the president of the Bus Terminal Restaurants to desegregate lunch counters in Petersburg and several other Virginia cities. This was achieved the year before the
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279:(SCLC). In 1958 King chose Walker for the board of SCLC. Walker spent the next two years building the organization in Virginia by capitalizing on his network of relationships with clergy throughout the state from his activities with NAACP and CORE. He also continued demonstrations and actions intended to highlight, challenge and end segregation.
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In 1999, he joined with businessman-philanthropist Steve
Klinsky to found the first ever charter school in New York State, now named the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem in honor of Walter Sisulu (Nelson Mandela's ally) and Dr. Walker. This school was one of just three New York charter schools
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and one of the oldest in the nation. In his leadership for social justice and against segregation, he was arrested numerous times, the first for leading an
African-American group into the "white" library in Petersburg. His "flamboyant" and cheeky style was shown as he "caused a stir" by trying to
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At King's invitation, Walker moved to
Atlanta as the SCLC's first full-time executive director. During his leadership of 1960–1964, he brought the organization to "national power" in its efforts to bring about an end to legal segregation of African Americans. A strong manager, Walker (assisted by
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Walker preached "dazzling sermons" to support the student sit-ins that sparked the second phase of civil rights organizing after 1960. He was also the chief strategist and tactician for "Project C", the detailed plan for confrontation with local police and city officials that was the heart of the
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From 1964 to 1966 Walker worked with a new publishing venture, the Negro
Heritage Library, which he headed as president in 1966. He worked with school boards and systems to expand curricula to improve coverage of African-American history and literature, and to add appropriate books to school
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Walker was increasingly active in the anti-apartheid movement, which had a strong base in the
African-American community. In 1978 he founded the International Freedom Mobilization to draw attention to the abuses of apartheid in South Africa. He served on the National Committee on the
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In
September 2016, Walker gave an exclusive interview to RealClearLife.com where he stressed his support for charter schools as a key civil rights issue of our time, and where he stated his strong belief that Dr. King would have supported charter schools as well.
164:(CORE) chapter in 1958. As executive director of the SCLC from 1960 to 1964, Walker helped to bring the group to national prominence. Walker sat at the feet of his mentor, BG Crawley, who was a Baptist Minister in Brooklyn, NY and New York State Judge.
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Walker had an ongoing interest in the relationship between music, the black religious tradition, and social change, and published several books on this topic. This topic was also the center of his doctoral work for his PhD in 1975. These include:
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As a new Pastor in Harlem, Walker learned all that he knew and sat at the feet of his mentor
Reverend Dr. BG Crawley Pastor and founder of the Little Zion Baptist Church, who was a Baptist Minister and New York State Judge in Brooklyn New York.
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Walker continues to support charter school reform from his home in
Virginia. In 2016, he was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award from the National Charter School Alliance. This award had only been given once before: to President Bill Clinton.
241:." In 1953 Walker worked with citizens who filed suit in federal court for access to a public pool in Lee Park. The city closed the park in 1954 rather than integrate. The park later reopened, but the city never operated the pool again.
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along with Steve
Klinsky. In this essay Walker and Klinsky called for a fundamental respect for all people, considered as individuals without regards to race, and expressed opposition to theories such as
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Frustrated by the perpetual failure of the traditional public schools in Harlem and other underserved neighborhoods, Walker helped organize the passage of New York State's charter school law in 1998.
342:. This was critical for gaining national support among American citizens and the Kennedy administration for the movement and its goals. Walker also helped organize and participated in the 1963
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collected his papers from the period of 1963–1982. They include both personal and official correspondence, papers and lectures on a wide variety of topics, and are available for research.
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Wyatt Tee Walker was born Aug. 16, 1928, in Brockton, Mass. (His family said most biographical information about him incorrectly gives his year of birth as 1929.)
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2005 – The Sisulu Children's Academy—Harlem Public Charter School was renamed the Sisulu-Walker Charter School of Harlem, in honor of his community leadership.
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In 1988, during the height of the anti-apartheid struggle Walker helped co-found the Religious Action Network (RAN) of the ACOA, together with Canon
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Walker married Theresa Ann Walker in December 1950. They had four children together. Walker died on January 23, 2018, at his home in
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Walker's led two major civil rights organizations in Virginia: he served as president for five years of the Petersburg branch of the
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of Canaan Baptist Church. He spent his final years in Virginia and taught at the Samuel DeWitt Proctor School of Theology at his
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and James Wood brought from the PIA) improved administration and fundraising, and coordinated the staff's far-ranging activities.
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252:(CORE), which he co-founded in 1958. Walker also helped found the Petersburg Improvement Association (PIA), modeled after the
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Walker also used the church's leadership in local economic and community development, writing about their efforts in
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In 1967 Walker was called as senior pastor of the influential Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in
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976:"Wyatt Tee Walker, civil rights leader and top assistant to Martin Luther King Jr., dies at 89"
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documentary in which he discusses his participation in the civil rights movement of the 1960s.
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Encyclopedia of African-American Civil Rights: From Emancipation to the Present
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in South Africa, and chaired the Central Harlem Local Development Corporation.
179:. For 37 years Walker was senior pastor at Canaan Baptist Church of Christ in
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148:(August 16, 1928 – January 23, 2018) was an African-American pastor, national
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224:. After earning his degree, in 1953 Walker was called as pastor at historic
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magazine named Rev. Dr. Walker as one of "The 15 Greatest Black Preachers".
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OPEN MIND Special: Race Relations in Crisis 6/12/63 - 11/13/92 (1963/1992)
465:
After 37 years as senior pastor, Walker retired in 2004 with the title of
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and later served as his chief of staff. In 1957 Walker helped found the
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leader, theologian, and cultural historian. He was a chief of staff for
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876:, Website of Alpha Chapter, Alpha Phi Alpha, accessed December 31, 2008
575:
The Harvard Paper: The African-American Church and Economic Development
437:
The Harvard Paper: The African-American Church and Economic Development
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417:). In the 1980s he served on the ACOA Board, including as president.
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of South Africa, who were active in struggles against colonialism and
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393:. In his graduate studies and research, Walker also studied at the
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Birmingham, Alabama, 1956–1963: The Black Struggle for Civil Rights
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During the 1970s Walker served as Urban Affairs Specialist to Gov.
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802:, Baylor University Press, 2006, p.533, accessed December 31, 2008
547:
The Soul of Black Worship: A Trilogy – Preaching, Praying, Singing
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Somebody's Calling My Name: Black Sacred Music and Social Change
453:
Since college, Walker has been a member of the Gamma chapter of
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Martin Luther King, Clayborne Carson, Peter Holloran, et al.,
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that classifies people primarily as members of racial groups.
853:, Alumni, Virginia Union University, accessed January 1, 2009
446:, the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture at the
267:
Through these years Walker became increasingly close to Dr.
800:
Rhetoric, Religion and the Civil Rights Movement, 1954–1965
777:"Inventory of the Wyatt Tee Walker Papers, 1963–1982, n.d."
183:, where he also co-founded the Religious Action Network of
912:"Would Martin Luther King Have Supported Charter Schools?"
796:
Davis W. Houck and David E. Dixon, "Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker"
714:
The Civil Rights Revolution: Events and Leaders, 1955–1968
561:
Common Thieves: A Tithing Manual for Christians and Others
246:
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
758:, Civil Rights Digital Library, accessed January 1, 2009
660:
Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice
3269:
Spring Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam
3047:"Woke Up This Morning (With My Mind Stayed On Freedom)"
1027:
Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–63
731:, Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992, p.463
594:
Honorary doctorates from Virginia Union University and
3293:
African American founding fathers of the United States
1641:
Chicago Freedom Movement/Chicago open housing movement
1506:
John F. Kennedy's speech to the nation on Civil Rights
936:
Wyatt Tee Walker; Steve Klinsky (September 24, 2015).
831:
Robert Penn Warren's Who Speaks for the Negro? Archive
964:, Wyatt Tee Walker Website, accessed January 1, 2009
301:“Eyes on the Prize; Interview with Wyatt Tee Walker”
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Emmett Till and Mamie Till-Mobley National Monument
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1068:is available for free viewing and download at the
716:, Jefferson, NC: McFarland Publishing, 2004, p.163
582:A Prophet from Harlem Speaks: Sermons & Essays
156:, and in 1958 became an early board member of the
1010:International Civil Rights Walk of Fame Inductees
1877:Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)
663:, New York: Oxford University Press, 2006, p.115
3590:Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School alumni
1867:Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)
1800:Leadership Conference on Civil and Human Rights
1686:Green v. County School Board of New Kent County
626:Martin Luther King Jr. National Historical Park
3346:Medgar and Myrlie Evers Home National Monument
1032:Charles D. Lowery and John F. Marszalek, eds.
1012:, Official Website, accessed December 30, 2008
825:Robert Penn Warren Center for the Humanities.
326:in 1963. Assisted by local movement secretary
3254:List of lynching victims in the United States
1587:Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States
1099:
504:In September 2015, Walker wrote an essay for
8:
1059:at The National Visionary Leadership Project
584:, New York: Martin Luther King Fellows Press
577:, New York: Martin Luther King Fellows Press
570:, New York: Martin Luther King Fellows Press
563:, New York: Martin Luther King Fellows Press
556:, New York: Martin Luther King Fellows Press
3580:Activists for African-American civil rights
1721:Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights
480:Public education reform and charter schools
1770:Council for United Civil Rights Leadership
1132:
1106:
1092:
1084:
1057:Wyatt Walker's oral history video excerpts
772:
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768:
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3600:People from Burlington County, New Jersey
3326:Birmingham Civil Rights National Monument
27:American civil rights activist and pastor
3560:Baptist ministers from the United States
3361:King Center for Nonviolent Social Change
1396:University of Georgia desegregation riot
994:
992:
442:Because of Walker's leading role in the
277:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
158:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
102:Southern Christian Leadership Conference
80:Colgate Rochester Crozer Divinity School
3275:Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence
3012:"If You Miss Me at the Back of the Bus"
3007:"Ain't Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me 'Round"
815:, Carlson Publishing, 1989, pp. 176–177
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679:
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622:International Civil Rights Walk of Fame
614:produced and performed a show entitled
3189:African-American women in the movement
1636:White House Conference on Civil Rights
1467:"Segregation now, segregation forever"
1029:, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988
286:
216:and received his college education at
110:A. Philip Randolph Institute
1625:Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections
728:The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr.
690:. Stanford University. Archived from
248:(NAACP) and as state director of the
167:Walker started as pastor at historic
7:
3615:21st-century African-American people
3550:Writers from Brockton, Massachusetts
3398:St. Augustine Foot Soldiers Monument
1862:Regional Council of Negro Leadership
1810:Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party
1756:Committee on Appeal for Human Rights
1228:Sarah Keys v. Carolina Coach Company
1153:Murders of Harry and Harriette Moore
568:Gospel in the Land of the Rising Sun
554:Road to Damascus: A Journey of Faith
228:, the second oldest black church in
1805:Lowndes County Freedom Organization
1741:Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
1406:Robert F. Kennedy's Law Day Address
874:Prominent Alphas, Religious Leaders
712:Frederic O. Sargent, Bill Maxwell,
620:2008, Walker was inducted into the
3555:African-American Baptist ministers
3249:African-American churches attacked
1815:Montgomery Improvement Association
1790:Georgia Council on Human Relations
1775:Council of Federated Organizations
1746:Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)
1499:16th Street Baptist Church bombing
1457:Meredith enrollment, Ole Miss riot
1263:1957 Prayer Pilgrimage for Freedom
1167:McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents
974:Schudel, Matt (January 23, 2018).
500:Opposition to critical race theory
254:Montgomery Improvement Association
25:
3321:Birmingham Civil Rights Institute
3194:Jews in the civil rights movement
1036:, New York: Greenwood Press, 1992
962:"About Rev. Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker"
391:Colgate Rochester Divinity School
3585:Virginia Union University alumni
3520:Civil rights movement portal
3513:
3356:Freedom Riders National Monument
3098:The Kingdom of God Is Within You
1699:1968 Olympics Black Power salute
1605:1965 Selma to Montgomery marches
1564:1964 Monson Motor Lodge protests
1451:Second Emancipation Proclamation
295:
98:Congress of Racial Equality
3383:Mississippi Civil Rights Museum
3371:Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial
1847:National Council of Negro Women
1785:Deacons for Defense and Justice
114:Committee on the Present Danger
106:Social Democrats, USA
3570:American nonviolence advocates
1258:Mansfield school desegregation
1079:Vanderbilt documentary website
1:
3605:People from Chester, Virginia
3393:National Voting Rights Museum
3336:Civil Rights Movement Archive
3135:Lynching in the United States
3022:"Keep Your Eyes on the Prize"
1472:Stand in the Schoolhouse Door
1445:University of Chicago sit-ins
1212:Davis v. Prince Edward County
138:Presidential Medal of Freedom
3388:National Civil Rights Museum
3244:March on Washington Movement
3229:Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
1693:Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co.
891:www.alightshinesinharlem.com
639:List of civil rights leaders
411:American Committee on Africa
162:Congress for Racial Equality
94:Fellowship of Reconciliation
3032:"This Little Light of Mine"
1780:Dallas County Voters League
1726:Atlanta Negro Voters League
1484:Letter from Birmingham Jail
1191:Brown v. Board of Education
250:Congress of Racial Equality
3636:
3575:African-American activists
3403:Olympic Black Power Statue
3366:Martin Luther King Jr. Day
3234:Holt Street Baptist Church
3204:16th Street Baptist Church
2188:Annie Bell Robinson Devine
1832:Nashville Student Movement
1762:An Appeal for Human Rights
938:"A Light Shines in Harlem"
426:Church of the Intercession
413:(ACOA) (since 2001 called
332:16th Street Baptist Church
303:conducted in 1985 for the
160:(SCLC). He helped found a
108:(National Chairman),
3509:
2863:Ruby Doris Smith-Robinson
2833:Modjeska Monteith Simkins
1897:Women's Political Council
1892:Wednesdays in Mississippi
1887:United Auto Workers (UAW)
1872:Southern Regional Council
1842:Northern Student Movement
1751:Committee for Freedom Now
1653:Memphis sanitation strike
1619:Voting Rights Act of 1965
1362:Savannah Protest Movement
1143:Journey of Reconciliation
474:Virginia Union University
340:Who Speaks for the Negro?
294:
237:'s admiring biography of
218:Virginia Union University
214:Merchantville High School
84:Virginia Union University
1731:Atlanta Student Movement
1675:Civil Rights Act of 1968
1600:1964–1965 Scripto strike
1581:Civil Rights Act of 1964
1479:1963 Birmingham campaign
1372:Civil Rights Act of 1960
1296:Civil Rights Act of 1957
1077:Who Speaks for the Negro
235:Douglas Southall Freeman
226:Gillfield Baptist Church
169:Gillfield Baptist Church
3283:Voter Education Project
3037:"We Shall Not Be Moved"
2698:Adam Clayton Powell Jr.
2133:Josephine Dobbs Clement
1554:Chester school protests
1549:Twenty-fourth Amendment
1511:Detroit Walk to Freedom
1253:Tallahassee bus boycott
1174:Baton Rouge bus boycott
756:"Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker"
517:Personal life and death
448:New York Public Library
175:, where he entered the
49:Brockton, Massachusetts
3610:Baptists from Virginia
3501:Movement photographers
2738:Bernice Johnson Reagon
2458:Martin Luther King Sr.
2453:Martin Luther King Jr.
2023:William Holmes Borders
1795:Highlander Folk School
1680:Poor People's Campaign
1533:St. Augustine movement
1383:Gomillion v. Lightfoot
1306:Katz Drug Store sit-in
1277:Royal Ice Cream sit-in
1239:Montgomery bus boycott
999:"Dr. Wyatt Tee Walker"
269:Martin Luther King Jr.
208:, raised primarily in
154:Martin Luther King Jr.
3331:Civil Rights Memorial
3219:Bethel Baptist Church
2868:Charles Kenzie Steele
2313:Audrey Faye Hendricks
2218:Myrlie Evers-Williams
2198:Patricia Stephens Due
2168:Abraham Lincoln Davis
2103:Colia Lafayette Clark
1857:Operation Breadbasket
1852:National Urban League
1594:Katzenbach v. McClung
1462:Atlanta's Berlin Wall
1115:Civil rights movement
1053:, Stanford University
1004:May 13, 2009, at the
868:July 1, 2007, at the
851:Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker
694:on September 14, 2008
444:Civil Rights Movement
422:Frederick B. Williams
387:Nelson A. Rockefeller
273:civil rights movement
177:Civil Rights Movement
124:Civil Rights Movement
3376:other King memorials
3351:Freedom Rides Museum
3288:1960s counterculture
3239:Edmund Pettus Bridge
2918:Walter Francis White
2823:Alexander D. Shimkin
1332:New Year's Day March
1301:Ministers' Manifesto
1148:Executive Order 9981
684:"Wyatt Tee Walker".
616:Walking with Walker.
596:Princeton University
511:critical race theory
230:Petersburg, Virginia
173:Petersburg, Virginia
3620:Birmingham campaign
3114:Mary McLeod Bethune
3075:Sermon on the Mount
3042:"We Shall Overcome"
2623:William Lewis Moore
2403:Frank Minis Johnson
2378:Richie Jean Jackson
2333:Donald L. Hollowell
2138:Charles E. Cobb Jr.
1943:Gwendolyn Armstrong
1938:William G. Anderson
1918:Victoria Gray Adams
1882:The Freedom Singers
1736:Black Panther Party
1516:March on Washington
1429:Garner v. Louisiana
1390:Boynton v. Virginia
980:The Washington Post
811:David Garrow, ed.,
658:Raymond Arsenault,
506:Real Clear Politics
403:University of Ghana
344:March on Washington
324:Birmingham Campaign
322:first phase of the
204:Walker was born in
3436:Michael Eric Dyson
3316:In popular culture
3199:Fifth Circuit Four
3183:Loving v. Virginia
3176:Hernandez v. Texas
3155:Buchanan v. Warley
3147:Separate but equal
3141:Plessy v. Ferguson
3104:Frederick Douglass
2938:Robert F. Williams
2848:Kelly Miller Smith
2828:Fred Shuttlesworth
2753:Frederick D. Reese
2733:George Raymond Jr.
2723:A. Philip Randolph
2703:Fay Bellamy Powell
2618:Queen Mother Moore
2503:Z. Alexander Looby
2448:Coretta Scott King
2393:Barbara Rose Johns
2373:Jimmie Lee Jackson
2298:William E. Harbour
2078:Stokely Carmichael
1993:Randolph Blackwell
1658:King assassination
1647:Loving v. Virginia
1631:March Against Fear
1611:How Long, Not Long
1489:Children's Crusade
1440:Cambridge movement
1377:Ax Handle Saturday
1342:Greensboro sit-ins
1269:Give Us the Ballot
1047:"Wyatt Tee Walker"
863:"Wyatt Tee Walker"
827:"Wyatt Tee Walker"
741:Arsenault (2006),
610:2007, students in
461:Return to Virginia
336:Robert Penn Warren
222:Richmond, Virginia
212:where he attended
3527:
3526:
3299:Eyes on the Prize
3214:A.G. Gaston Motel
3209:Kelly Ingram Park
3169:Sweatt v. Painter
2853:Mary Louise Smith
2813:Cleveland Sellers
2798:Michael Schwerner
2763:Gloria Richardson
2543:Thurgood Marshall
2463:Bernard Lafayette
2193:John Wesley Dobbs
1707:
1706:
1421:Birmingham attack
1401:Rock Hill sit-ins
1352:Sibley Commission
1347:Nashville sit-ins
1219:Gebhart v. Belton
1205:Briggs v. Elliott
1198:Bolling v. Sharpe
1159:Sweatt v. Painter
1051:King Encyclopedia
942:RealClearPolitics
687:King Encyclopedia
612:Norfolk, Virginia
589:Legacy and honors
523:Chester, Virginia
395:University of Ife
352:Voting Rights Act
311:
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305:Eyes on the Prize
264:arrived in 1961.
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68:Chester, Virginia
16:(Redirected from
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3481:Charles M. Payne
3466:Steven F. Lawson
3456:David Halberstam
3426:Clayborne Carson
3162:Hocutt v. Wilson
3109:W. E. B. Du Bois
2958:Sammy Younge Jr.
2943:Q. V. Williamson
2908:Wyatt Tee Walker
2773:Bernice Robinson
2718:Lincoln Ragsdale
2708:Rodney N. Powell
2603:Douglas E. Moore
2478:Sanford R. Leigh
2413:J. Charles Jones
2288:Fannie Lou Hamer
2203:Joseph Ellwanger
2163:Jonathan Daniels
2153:Claudette Colvin
2143:Annie Lee Cooper
2128:Kathleen Cleaver
2123:Eldridge Cleaver
2098:Shirley Chisholm
1988:Gloria Blackwell
1574:workers' murders
1521:"I Have a Dream"
1416:Anniston bombing
1367:Greenville Eight
1282:Little Rock Nine
1245:Browder v. Gayle
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2838:Glenn E. Smiley
2818:Charles Sherrod
2778:Jo Ann Robinson
2653:Charles Neblett
2643:Elijah Muhammad
2608:Harriette Moore
2568:Floyd McKissick
2553:Franklin McCain
2488:Stanley Levison
2353:T. R. M. Howard
2303:Vincent Harding
2233:Walter Fauntroy
2118:Xernona Clayton
2068:John H. Calhoun
2053:Aurelia Browder
2043:Stanley Branche
2038:Raylawni Branch
2018:Joseph E. Boone
2003:Ezell Blair Jr.
1998:Unita Blackwell
1973:Harry Belafonte
1913:Ralph Abernathy
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2734:
2731:
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2726:
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2714:
2711:
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2706:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2696:
2694:
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2674:
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2666:
2664:
2661:
2659:
2656:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2638:William Moyer
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2624:
2621:
2619:
2616:
2614:
2611:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2601:
2599:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2579:
2576:
2574:
2573:Joseph McNeil
2571:
2569:
2566:
2564:
2561:
2559:
2558:Charles McDew
2556:
2554:
2551:
2549:
2548:Benjamin Mays
2546:
2544:
2541:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2533:Vivian Malone
2531:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2508:Joseph Lowery
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2454:
2451:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:Clyde Kennard
2431:
2429:
2426:
2424:
2423:Vernon Jordan
2421:
2419:
2418:Matthew Jones
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2394:
2391:
2389:
2386:
2384:
2383:T. J. Jemison
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2368:Jesse Jackson
2366:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2349:
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2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2269:
2266:
2264:
2261:
2259:
2258:Robert Graetz
2256:
2254:
2251:
2249:
2248:Golden Frinks
2246:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2208:Charles Evers
2206:
2204:
2201:
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2196:
2194:
2191:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2179:
2176:
2174:
2171:
2169:
2166:
2164:
2161:
2159:
2158:Vernon Dahmer
2156:
2154:
2151:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2129:
2126:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2113:Septima Clark
2111:
2109:
2106:
2104:
2101:
2099:
2096:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
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2079:
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2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2049:
2046:
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2041:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2033:Bruce Boynton
2031:
2029:
2026:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1958:James Baldwin
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1928:Mathew Ahmann
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
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1904:
1898:
1895:
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1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1826:
1825:Youth Council
1823:
1822:
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1806:
1803:
1801:
1798:
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1781:
1778:
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1411:Freedom Rides
1409:
1407:
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1199:
1195:
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1175:
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1169:
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1164:
1161:
1160:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1136:Prior to 1954
1134:
1131:
1128:
1121:
1116:
1109:
1104:
1102:
1097:
1095:
1090:
1089:
1086:
1080:
1078:
1074:
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917:
916:RealClearLife
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844:
832:
828:
821:
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773:
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734:
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623:
619:
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541:
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536:
535:
528:
526:
524:
516:
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512:
507:
499:
497:
493:
489:
485:
479:
477:
476:in Richmond.
475:
472:
468:
460:
458:
456:
451:
449:
445:
440:
438:
433:
431:
427:
423:
418:
416:
415:Africa Action
412:
406:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
368:
361:
359:
355:
353:
349:
345:
341:
338:for the book
337:
333:
329:
325:
319:
317:
306:
302:
293:
288:
282:
280:
278:
274:
270:
265:
263:
259:
255:
251:
247:
242:
240:
239:Robert E. Lee
236:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
206:Massachusetts
199:
194:
192:
190:
186:
185:Africa Action
182:
178:
174:
170:
165:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
139:
136:
132:
129:
125:
122:
118:
115:
112:(President),
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
69:
59:
55:
50:
44:
40:
33:
30:
19:
3511:
3451:David Garrow
3431:John Dittmer
3297:
3224:Brown Chapel
3181:
3174:
3167:
3160:
3153:
3139:
3096:
2948:Andrew Young
2907:
2903:A. T. Walden
2898:C. T. Vivian
2858:Maxine Smith
2693:Homer Plessy
2673:James Orange
2628:Irene Morgan
2583:William Ming
2563:Ralph McGill
2498:Viola Liuzzo
2483:Jim Letherer
2468:James Lawson
2398:Vernon Johns
2388:Esau Jenkins
2343:Myles Horton
2293:Fred Hampton
2283:Prathia Hall
2273:Dick Gregory
2243:Marie Foster
2238:James Forman
2228:James Farmer
2213:Medgar Evers
2173:Angela Davis
2108:Ramsey Clark
2088:James Chaney
2083:Johnnie Carr
2063:Ralph Bunche
2058:H. Rap Brown
2048:Ruby Bridges
2008:Joanne Bland
1983:Claude Black
1963:Marion Barry
1933:Muhammad Ali
1760:
1691:
1684:
1645:
1623:
1592:
1585:
1427:
1388:
1381:
1311:Kissing Case
1286:
1243:
1226:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1196:
1189:
1165:
1157:
1076:
1064:
1050:
1033:
1026:
1009:
983:
979:
969:
957:
945:. Retrieved
941:
931:
919:. Retrieved
915:
906:
894:. Retrieved
890:
881:
873:
858:
846:
836:February 25,
834:. Retrieved
830:
820:
812:
807:
799:
751:
742:
736:
727:
721:
713:
708:
698:December 31,
696:. Retrieved
692:the original
686:
659:
653:
615:
601:
581:
574:
567:
560:
553:
546:
539:
532:
520:
503:
494:
490:
486:
483:
470:
466:
464:
457:fraternity.
452:
441:
436:
434:
419:
407:
384:
369:
365:
356:
320:
312:
266:
243:
203:
166:
150:civil rights
145:
144:
62:(2018-01-23)
29:
3545:2018 deaths
3540:1928 births
3471:Doug McAdam
3441:Chuck Fager
3063:Nonviolence
2968:James Zwerg
2963:Bob Zellner
2923:Roy Wilkins
2873:Hank Thomas
2808:Pete Seeger
2803:Bobby Seale
2668:Jack O'Dell
2663:Edgar Nixon
2593:Amzie Moore
2588:Jack Minnis
2528:Mae Mallory
2513:Clara Luper
2473:Bernard Lee
2363:Cecil Ivory
2358:Ruby Hurley
2328:Oliver Hill
2323:Aaron Henry
2223:Chuck Fager
2183:Dave Dennis
2073:Guy Carawan
2013:Julian Bond
1978:James Bevel
1968:Daisy Bates
1234:Emmett Till
1117:(1954–1968)
947:January 31,
921:January 31,
896:January 31,
525:, aged 89.
358:libraries.
233:"check out
3534:Categories
3414:historians
3090:Satyagraha
3056:Influences
2748:James Reeb
2683:James Peck
2678:Rosa Parks
2648:Diane Nash
2518:Danny Lyon
2493:John Lewis
2438:A. D. King
2338:James Hood
1953:Ella Baker
1923:Zev Aelony
471:alma mater
210:New Jersey
187:to oppose
3068:Padayatra
3017:"Kumbaya"
2977:By region
2633:Bob Moses
2538:Bob Mants
2523:Malcolm X
2443:C.B. King
2263:Fred Gray
1906:Activists
1542:1964–1968
1325:1960–1963
1183:1954–1959
887:"Reviews"
645:Footnotes
380:apartheid
256:(MIA) in
195:Biography
189:apartheid
76:Education
2998:Movement
2428:Tom Kahn
1712:Activist
1127:timeline
1002:Archived
866:Archived
745:, p. 115
633:See also
401:and the
200:Virginia
120:Movement
3123:Related
2713:Al Raby
1663:funeral
1526:Big Six
624:at the
600:1993 –
580:1997 –
573:1994 –
566:1991 –
559:1986 –
552:1985 –
545:1984 –
538:1979 –
424:of the
399:Nigeria
271:in the
258:Alabama
3309:Legacy
3085:Ahimsa
1714:groups
1170:(1950)
1162:(1950)
1123:Events
430:Harlem
134:Awards
3412:Noted
3000:songs
1820:NAACP
1668:riots
602:Ebony
949:2018
923:2018
898:2018
838:2015
700:2008
350:and
57:Died
42:Born
428:in
397:in
220:in
171:in
3536::
1049:,
1008:,
991:^
982:.
978:.
940:.
914:.
889:.
872:,
829:.
798:,
784:^
763:^
668:^
432:.
382:.
354:.
126:,
104:,
100:,
96:,
82:,
3277:"
3273:"
1613:"
1609:"
1453:"
1449:"
1271:"
1267:"
1129:)
1125:(
1107:e
1100:t
1093:v
1072:.
951:.
925:.
900:.
840:.
702:.
628:.
20:)
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