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and cause mixed-sediment slurries, in which the resulting deposits may exhibit a variety of sedimentary features. Supporting the turbidity origin theory is the fact that deposits of greywacke are found on the edges of the
427:
was founded in 1807, and excited much public interest in geology. Greywacke was interesting because it was found in many places in
Britain and its occurrence in particular places was evidence of the pattern of
190:, but organic remains may be common in the finer beds associated with them. Their component particles are usually not very rounded or polished, and the rocks have often been considerably
451:. Its wide use in sculpture and vessels is thought to have been due to its fine grain size and resistance to fracturing, making it suitable for fine detail and intricate shapes.
662:
677:
In 1839, when
Roderick Murchison published The Silurian System, a plump and ponderous study of a type of rock called greywacke, it was an instant best seller...
462:, because due to its unusually mixed nature, it remains looking natural when portraying a wide range of miniature scale ratios, from 1:1 to as high as 1:600.
792:
249:
The term "greywacke" can be confusing, since it can refer to either the immature (rock fragment) aspect of the rock or its fine-grained (clay) component.
440:
Greywacke stone has been used as a building material and a sculptural material across many eras and societies. Its oldest known uses date to the early
783:
497:
839:
587:"Modal composition and tectonic provenance of the sandstones of Ecca Group, Karoo Supergroup in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa"
252:
Greywackes are mostly grey, brown, yellow, or black, dull-colored sandy rocks that may occur in thick or thin beds along with
716:
807:
202:. In some districts, the greywackes are cleaved, but they show phenomena of this kind much less perfectly than the slates.
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Although the group is so diverse that it is difficult to characterize mineralogically, it has a well-established place in
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strata. Their essential features are their gritty character and their complex composition. By increasing
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and graphitic, carbonaceous matters, together with (in the coarser kinds) fragments of such rocks as
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709:
The greywacke: how a priest, a soldier and a schoolteacher uncovered 300 million years of history
695:
Martin J. S. Rudwick's excellent and somber account of the issue, The Great
Devonian Controversy.
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Photomicrographs of feldspathic (L) and lithic (R) greywacke. The top images are in
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taken from it) is valuable to practitioners of traditional motion picture
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796:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 592.
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materials generally constitute more than 15% of the rock by volume.
585:
Baiyegunhi, Christopher; Liu, Kuiwu; Gwavava, Oswald (2017-10-28).
491:
Example of greywacke cliffs, Mangaweka, Nthrn.Manawatu, New
Zealand
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They were an early object of geological study in
Britain where the
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This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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404:. Both feldspathic and lithic greywacke have been recognized in
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were understood, since, according to the normal laws of
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Worldbuilding a "Bigature" for Wētā Workshop
Unleashed!
454:
Aside from its structural uses, greywacke stone (or
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27:
Sandstone with angular grains in a clay-fine matrix
166:or strong turbidity currents. These actions churn
79:, signifying a grey, earthy rock) is a variety of
566:. The County Longford Geological Heritage Project
209:classifications because these peculiar composite
638:"Ancient Egyptian Materials: Greywacke (schist)"
54:'s greywacke statue, 25th century BCE, from the
833:
8:
561:"The Geological Heritage of County Longford"
412:. Greywackes are also found in parts of the
198:, such as the introduction of interstitial
840:
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818:
134:The origin of greywacke was unknown until
107:-fine matrix. It is a texturally immature
610:
316:. Among other minerals found in them are
162:now attribute its formation to submarine
396:; they compose the majority of the main
99:, and small rock fragments or sand-size
535:
469:
233:, greywackes frequently pass into mica-
693:(Kindle ed.). Crown. p. 85.
547:
186:As a rule, greywackes do not contain
7:
667:(Kindle ed.). Crown. p. 80
664:A Short History of Nearly Everything
632:
630:
237:, chloritic schists and sedimentary
813:National Park Service site Presidio
276:, the principal ones being quartz,
691:Short History of Nearly Everything
158:should not be laid down together.
122:can be sand- to gravel-sized, and
25:
661:Bryson, Bill (October 27, 2009).
213:deposits are very frequent among
766:
496:
484:
472:
356:. The cementing material may be
83:generally characterized by its
42:. Cements fill the pore spaces.
384:, the Longford-Down Massif in
221:rocks, and are less common in
1:
400:that make up the backbone of
808:Franciscan Greywacke/Shales
390:Lake District National Park
376:Greywackes are abundant in
38:; the bottom images are in
1858:
711:. London: Profile Books.
432:that had been laid down.
260:. Some varieties include
372:In geology and geography
893:Basaltic trachyandesite
873:Alkali feldspar granite
793:Encyclopædia Britannica
707:Davidson, Nick (2021).
62:
43:
1283:Banded iron formation
612:10.1515/geo-2017-0038
503:Wall of greywacke at
460:miniature photography
449:early dynastic period
262:feldspathic greywacke
49:
40:cross-polarized light
36:plane-polarized light
33:
733:Adam Savage's Tested
183:of deep-sea origin.
175:, at the bottoms of
603:2017OGeo....9...38B
173:continental shelves
111:generally found in
50:Closeup of Pharaoh
1639:Specific varieties
642:www.hallofmaat.com
524:Torlesse Greywacke
425:Geological Society
136:turbidity currents
103:set in a compact,
91:angular grains of
87:, dark color, and
63:
44:
1842:Sedimentary rocks
1824:
1823:
1069:Nepheline syenite
780:Flett, John Smith
760:Other works cited
430:geological strata
364:and is sometimes
196:recrystallization
16:(Redirected from
1849:
1766:Rapakivi granite
1478:Metamorphic rock
1265:Sedimentary rock
1134:Quartz monzonite
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479:A greywacke rock
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442:third millennium
270:lithic greywacke
177:oceanic trenches
109:sedimentary rock
101:lithic fragments
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802:External links
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788:Chisholm, Hugh
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735:(2022-07-19).
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98:
94:
90:
89:poorly sorted
86:
82:
78:
75:
71:
67:
61:
57:
53:
48:
41:
37:
32:
19:
1741:Luxullianite
1721:Lapis lazuli
1666:Blue Granite
1593:Serpentinite
1568:Metapsammite
1357:
1318:Conglomerate
1240:Trondhjemite
1218:Trachybasalt
1159:Pantellerite
1059:Monzogranite
1004:Hornblendite
989:Granodiorite
855:Igneous rock
791:
746:. Retrieved
742:
737:
727:
708:
702:
694:
690:
684:
676:
669:. Retrieved
663:
656:
645:. Retrieved
641:
594:
590:
580:
568:. Retrieved
555:
507:dam, Germany
453:
439:
422:
416:east of the
410:South Africa
375:
362:argillaceous
269:
261:
251:
248:
231:metamorphism
204:
185:
133:
76:
69:
65:
64:
1630:Whiteschist
1521:Greenschist
1501:Cataclasite
1491:Amphibolite
1418:Phosphorite
1368:Itacolumite
1293:Calcarenite
1139:Quartzolite
1074:Nephelinite
1044:Lamprophyre
999:Harzburgite
957:Napoleonite
930:Charnockite
925:Carbonatite
915:Blairmorite
878:Anorthosite
743:youtube.com
402:New Zealand
290:iron oxides
284:feldspars,
282:plagioclase
1831:Categories
1796:Teschenite
1781:Shonkinite
1756:Pietersite
1751:Novaculite
1661:Borolanite
1646:Adamellite
1563:Metapelite
1531:Calcflinta
1496:Blueschist
1486:Anthracite
1468:Wackestone
1448:Travertine
1393:Lumachelle
1373:Jaspillite
1328:Diamictite
1250:Websterite
1235:Troctolite
1211:Benmoreite
1171:Shonkinite
1144:Rhyodacite
1124:Pyroxenite
1094:Peridotite
1054:Lherzolite
1029:Kimberlite
1019:Ignimbrite
1014:Icelandite
994:Granophyre
903:Shoshonite
748:2023-03-27
718:1788163788
647:2023-09-01
570:25 October
548:Flett 1911
530:References
406:Ecca Group
366:calcareous
342:hornblende
326:tourmaline
308:, various
278:orthoclase
264:, rich in
258:limestones
211:arenaceous
164:avalanches
160:Geologists
140:turbidites
1837:Sandstone
1811:Variolite
1801:Theralite
1791:Tachylite
1776:Rodingite
1746:Mangerite
1726:Larvikite
1711:Jasperoid
1706:Jadeitite
1671:Epidosite
1625:Tectonite
1618:Soapstone
1583:Quartzite
1553:Migmatite
1538:Itabirite
1516:Granulite
1458:Turbidite
1438:Sylvinite
1433:Siltstone
1423:Sandstone
1408:Oil shale
1388:Limestone
1363:Gritstone
1358:Greywacke
1353:Geyserite
1343:Evaporite
1333:Diatomite
1308:Claystone
1273:Argillite
1186:Tachylyte
1154:Comendite
1099:Phonolite
1089:Pegmatite
1064:Monzonite
1039:Lamproite
1034:Komatiite
974:Foidolite
935:Enderbite
898:Mugearite
784:Greywacke
782:(1911). "
621:2391-5447
358:siliceous
314:quartzite
245:Varieties
192:indurated
130:Formation
113:Paleozoic
81:sandstone
77:grauwacke
70:graywacke
66:Greywacke
1786:Taconite
1761:Pyrolite
1686:Ganister
1656:Aphanite
1651:Appinite
1573:Phyllite
1558:Mylonite
1526:Hornfels
1506:Eclogite
1403:Mudstone
1378:Laterite
1338:Dolomite
1255:Wehrlite
1230:Trachyte
1223:Hawaiite
1201:Tonalite
1196:Tephrite
1149:Rhyolite
1114:Porphyry
1084:Obsidian
969:Essexite
920:Boninite
910:Basanite
868:Andesite
671:July 24,
513:See also
388:and the
382:Scotland
322:chlorite
274:minerals
266:feldspar
239:gneisses
227:Cenozoic
223:Mesozoic
219:Cambrian
215:Silurian
168:sediment
97:feldspar
85:hardness
52:Menkaure
1806:Unakite
1736:Llanite
1701:Ijolite
1676:Felsite
1608:Suevite
1443:Tillite
1383:Lignite
1323:Coquina
1288:Breccia
1181:Syenite
1109:Picrite
1024:Ijolite
984:Granite
952:Diorite
947:Diabase
863:Adakite
790:(ed.).
777::
599:Bibcode
466:Gallery
394:England
386:Ireland
354:pyrites
334:apatite
330:epidote
318:biotite
310:schists
294:felsite
286:calcite
235:schists
188:fossils
1716:Kenyte
1691:Gossan
1588:Schist
1548:Marble
1511:Gneiss
1413:Oolite
1278:Arkose
1176:Sovite
1166:Scoria
1119:Pumice
1079:Norite
1049:Latite
979:Gabbro
964:Dunite
942:Dacite
888:Basalt
883:Aplite
786:". In
771:
715:
619:
350:sphene
346:augite
338:garnet
312:, and
306:gneiss
268:, and
254:shales
200:silica
181:shales
148:gravel
124:matrix
120:grains
116:strata
93:quartz
74:German
1681:Flint
1603:Slate
1598:Skarn
1463:Varve
1428:Shale
1348:Flint
1303:Chert
1298:Chalk
564:(PDF)
456:molds
378:Wales
302:slate
298:chert
60:Cairo
18:Wacke
1453:Tufa
1398:Marl
1313:Coal
1245:Tuff
713:ISBN
673:2022
617:ISSN
572:2022
436:Uses
418:Nile
352:and
280:and
256:and
217:and
154:and
152:sand
138:and
105:clay
1816:Wad
607:doi
445:BCE
408:in
392:of
360:or
225:or
194:by
156:mud
68:or
58:in
1833::
741:.
675:.
640:.
629:^
615:.
605:.
593:.
589:.
538:^
420:.
368:.
348:,
344:,
340:,
336:,
332:,
328:,
324:,
320:,
304:,
300:,
296:,
288:,
241:.
150:,
146:,
95:,
841:e
834:t
827:v
751:.
721:.
650:.
623:.
609::
601::
595:9
574:.
550:.
72:(
20:)
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