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22:
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and that these cache coins were used for purification purposes. According to the experts, this discovery at the
Yakushi-ji is the oldest known example of the ancient Japanese practice of burying a cache of widely-circulated coins to purify a construction site anywhere in Japan.
1353:
871:
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The coins, which are round with a square hole in the center, remained in circulation until 958 CE. These were the first of a series of coins collectively called
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were located 1.3 meters east of a foundation rock at the bottom of the 1.7 meter-deep base of the East Pagoda of the temple. Experts from the
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meaning "treasure, something precious". This difference in interpretation gives rise to the alternative name for the coins,
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1416:
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ritual, which indicates that the site was likely a government office or the resident of an important local.
141:
570:
106:. It was long considered to be the first type of coin produced in Japan. Analyses of several findings of
1689:
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773:
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had the same specifications as the
Chinese coin, with a diameter of 2.4 cm and a weight of 3.75 g.
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21:
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was first produced following the discovery of large copper deposits in Japan during the early
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1561:
1074:). Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland.
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comes from the
Japanese pronunciation of the four characters in the coin's inscription:
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literally means "opening; to open", with an additional sense of "start; first".
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705:
Gary
Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)
1581:
1541:
1373:
1027:
452:
In
February 2015 Japanese archeologists discovered ritual jars filled with
1085:
A Chronicle of Gods and
Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.
1014:
701:"Four Wadokaichin Coins Discovered Under East Pagoda of Yakushi-ji Temple"
1301:
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were buried at the East Pagoda during the groundbreaking ceremony of the
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440:
415:. Based in part on further research into writing conventions during the
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1075:
1652:
1622:
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110:(富夲銭) in Asuka have shown that those coins were manufactured from 683.
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270:. This was likely chosen as a fortuitous homophone for the era name
53:
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20:
695:
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691:
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439:→ Together, the third and fourth characters likely mean "first
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is unusual. It is considered to be either a variant form of
419:, the broad consensus in modern research appears to be the
603:
On the 10th day of the 8th month of the first year of the
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or "copper", in reference to the
Japanese copper deposits.
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Nara
National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
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488:cache coins were discovered at the East Pagoda of
238:The first two characters literally mean "harmony"
16:Coinage used in Japan from the 8th century to 958
102:, first mentioned for 29 August 708 on order of
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726:Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric (2005), "Wadō-kaihō",
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477:. The jars were placed there as a part of a
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1397:List of Japanese cash coins by inscription
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1164:List of Japanese cash coins by inscription
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1005:Berkeley: University of California Press.
810:(in Japanese), Britannica Japan Co., 和同開珎
151:This coinage was inspired by the Chinese
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64:coin (開元通寶), first minted in 621 CE in
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681:, 1999/10/09, Vol. 6 (8), pp. 117–126
7:
850:(Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition)
1151:Japanese cash coins by inscription
1026:Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society.
1002:Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.
798:Britannica Kokusai Dai-hyakkajiten
469:cash coins at the Tehara ruins in
298:is also used to mean "Japan", and
14:
1402:List of Japanese coinage patterns
68:, was the model for the Japanese
1435:
1372:
1219:Toraisen, Shichūsen, and Bitasen
999:and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979).
555:
541:
527:
448:Hoards of Wadōkaichin cash coins
968:, Third Edition (in Japanese),
386:meaning "rare, precious", or a
1065:Annales des empereurs du Japon
673:花谷浩; 飛鳥池工房の発掘調査成果とその意義; 日本考古学
629:Annales des empereurs du Japon
1:
750:, Deutsche Nationalbibliothek
1024:The Imperial House of Japan.
776:(日本貨幣博物館) permanent exhibit.
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632:(in French), pp. 63–65
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496:during a restoration. The
38:coin, 8th century, Japan.
1731:Cash coins by inscription
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1089:Columbia University Press
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660:Varley, H. Paul. (1980).
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1043:Harvard University Press
1035:and Käthe Roth. (2005).
1033:Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric
626:Titsingh, Isaac (1834),
484:On August 17, 2015 four
50:Wadōkaichin copper coin.
1721:Economy of feudal Japan
1387:Currency Museum (Japan)
933:entry available online
870:entry available online
820:entry available online
576:Japanese mon (currency)
1116:from Japan Mint Museum
1020:Ponsonby-Fane, Richard
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1690:Negotiable instrument
774:Japan Currency Museum
361:The fourth character
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40:Japan Currency Museum
24:
1412:Nagasaki trade coins
1296:Nagasaki trade coins
343:The third character
90:, also romanized as
1716:Currencies of Japan
1038:Japan encyclopedia.
571:Ryō (Japanese coin)
165:), first minted in
155:coinage (唐銭) named
1071:Nihon Odai Ichiran
729:Japan Encyclopedia
563:Numismatics portal
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44:
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1363:Japanese currency
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1322:Japanese currency
1291:Cash coins in art
1265:Manufacturing and
1173:Government issues
1097:978-0-231-04940-5
1051:978-0-674-01753-5
1011:978-0-520-03460-0
508:believe that the
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1678:Edo period scrip
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1607:c. 1101–1700
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1478:
1427:Yen currency
1422:Momme (unit)
1232:Eiraku Tsūhō
1209:Ryūkyū Tsūhō
1202:Local issues
1186:Kan'ei Tsūhō
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1114:Wado Kaichin
1113:
1101:OCLC 6042764
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535:Japan portal
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58:The Chinese
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1695:Rice stamps
1572:Tenpō Tsūhō
1489:Kaiki Shoho
1479:Wadōkaichin
1459:Mumonginsen
1407:Mother coin
1274:Mother coin
1192:Tenpō Tsūhō
1180:Wadōkaichin
1041:Cambridge:
1028:OCLC 194887
928:wadōkaichin
865:wadōkaichin
815:wadōkaichin
510:wadōkaichin
498:wadōkaichin
486:wadōkaichin
458:jingō kaihō
454:wadōkaichin
417:Nara period
394:abbreviated
321:abbreviated
183:wadōkaichin
171:wadōkaichin
124:8th century
120:wadōkaichin
114:Description
78:Wadōkaichin
70:wadōkaichin
27:wadōkaichin
1710:Categories
1647:1500s–1871
1562:Shu (gold)
1320:See also:
1226:Kōbu Tsūhō
1087:New York:
1083:. (1980).
1062:. (1834).
1022:. (1959).
991:References
913:Shogakukan
858:Shogakukan
847:国語大辞典（新装版）
761:Nussbaum,
581:Wadō (era)
490:Yakushi-ji
96:Wadō-kaihō
94:or called
1657:1573–1862
1637:1454–1879
1627:1404–1670
1617:1336–1870
1586:1837–1869
1582:Ichibugin
1576:1835-1870
1566:1824–1869
1556:1772–1869
1546:1714–1854
1542:Ichibuban
1536:1626–1868
1526:1601–1868
1365:(pre-yen)
1302:Namarisen
679:1340-8488
649:Gukanshō,
413:wadōkaihō
181:The name
177:Etymology
108:Fuhon-sen
1683:Hatamoto
1469:Huhonsen
1284:Concepts
1157:Overview
974:Sanseidō
963:Daijirin
902:Daijisen
743:; n.b.,
647:(1979).
605:Wadō era
521:See also
504:and the
479:Buddhist
441:currency
167:Chang'an
131:jūnizeni
66:Chang'an
1623:Bitasen
1483:708–958
1463:667–672
1452:Pre-Edo
1445:Coinage
1298:(長崎貿易銭)
763:p. 539.
711:6 April
664:p. 140.
651:p. 271,
607:in the
389:ryakuji
316:ryakuji
25:Silver
1380:Topics
1308:Tessen
1255:Kanmon
1234:(永樂通寳)
1228:(洪武通寶)
1211:(琉球通寳)
1194:(天保通寳)
1188:(寛永通寳)
1182:(和同開珎)
1095:
1049:
1009:
980:
923:, 和同開珎
919:
860:, 和同開珎
736:
677:
645:et al.
283:: the
1596:Multi
1522:Koban
970:Tōkyō
909:Tōkyō
854:Tōkyō
592:Notes
471:Rittō
142:皇朝十二銭
1653:Ōban
1310:(鉄銭)
1304:(鉛銭)
1276:(母錢)
1257:(貫文)
1093:ISBN
1047:ISBN
1007:ISBN
978:ISBN
951:2006
935:here
917:ISBN
890:1995
872:here
841:1988
822:here
793:2007
734:ISBN
713:2020
675:ISSN
494:Nara
464:神功開寳
456:and
422:chin
374:chin
272:Wadō
223:chin
118:The
85:和同開珎
33:和同開珎
1643:Ryō
1613:Mon
1514:Edo
1503:760
1493:760
1473:683
1251:(文)
1249:Mon
1091:.
957:大辞林
896:大辞泉
392:or
346:kai
319:or
211:kai
133:or
1712::
1099:;
1053:;
1045:.
1013:;
976:,
972::
953:,
942:^
915:,
911::
892:,
879:^
856::
843:,
828:^
795:,
781:^
703:.
686:^
492:,
473:,
443:".
399:hō
327:dō
301:dō
286:wa
278:和銅
265:dō
262:,
249:wa
246:,
234:.
199:dō
187:wa
148:.
126:.
1355:e
1348:t
1341:v
1144:e
1137:t
1130:v
1068:(
966:)
960:(
931:)
925:(
905:)
899:(
868:)
862:(
818:)
812:(
808:)
802:(
752:.
715:.
634:.
467:)
461:(
432:)
429:珍
426:(
409:)
406:寳
403:(
384:)
381:珍
378:(
369:)
366:珎
363:(
356:)
353:開
350:(
338:)
335:銅
332:(
311:)
308:同
305:(
296:)
293:和
290:(
281:)
275:(
268:)
259:同
256:(
252:)
243:和
240:(
232:)
229:珎
226:(
220:)
217:開
214:(
208:)
205:同
202:(
196:)
193:和
190:(
146:)
138:(
88:)
82:(
72:.
42:.
36:)
30:(
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