Walhachin - Knowledge (XXG)

2104:

provided the disenchanted an opportunity to escape from the isolation, where suitable marriage prospects were slender and the overall Walhachin enterprise was indicating failure. Though 40 men left immediately to serve, a considerable number of older and married men remained at least until 1916 and continued to manage the orchards, until many of the married enlisted. When the war depleted the general labour supply, Chinese and First Nations became the primary workers. The war also dried up essential funding from England, which reduced payrolls and caused the neglect of infrastructure. The increased wartime demand did provide a lucrative market for fruit crops generally.

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shore, a similar combination stretched over 34 kilometres (21 mi). An underwater pipe crossing the river to supplement the south shore irrigation was washed out two months after installation during the 1911 spring run off. The replacement was hung from a suspension bridge. When the pipe diameter was increased in 1914, not only did the weight cause sag and leakage, but also prohibited use during high water. The total length of irrigation works was 102 kilometres (63 mi), which included the connecting lines to the orchards.

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orchards produced income streams. From the beginning, the system proved unreliable. A 1918 summer rainstorm damaged ditches and flumes. Not repaired until the next year, a season of fruit and vegetables was lost. In general, ditches lost water to seepage and eroded. Flume supports sank as ground settled or were undermined by leakage in those places. Beavers blocked the 42 kilometres (26 mi) of creeks and the torrent from dismantling their dams damaged aqueducts.

2006: 2095:. Agricultural advice from anyone was seldom invited. The place operated like an exclusive club, ensuring minimal contact with the lower classes. Many of the affluent departed over the winter for warmer places. Unfortunately, the financial return from orchards was never going to produce the upper-class standard of living most expected. No doubt, the lower class immigrants were largely hard workers as were some of the gentry. 214: 2122: 1928: 62: 403:

kind from the crew. The offenders were later arrested. In 1914, a freighthopper suffered a crushed arm and foot on being run over either when boarding or departing a CP train. Months later, an escaping jewels thief attempted to board a passing CP train but instead sustained scalp wounds and fell dazed beside the track.

2038:

The valley is one of driest parts of Canada, experiencing only light rainfall and snowfall. The frost-free period in the valley bottom is two to three times longer than at the higher elevations. The northern side is less prone to frosts but more to drought. The varying landforms create micro-climatic

1973:

In spring 1919, the men began returning from the war. As a remembrance, the community hall was renamed the Soldiers Memorial Hall. The provincial government and the attitude toward the English settlers had changed. Finding better prospects elsewhere, these owners advertised their properties for sale.

1935:

The British population totalled 6 in 1909, 79 in 1910, and 150 in 1914. In 1910, the general store opened, the townsite main square was laid out, 13 residences built, and the irrigation aqueduct was completed. The settlers lived at the townsite rather than at their orchard lots and fields, which were

1923:

Years of optimism in BC, accompanied by inaccurate and/or biased promotional material, triggered immigration, which was key to Walhachin's growth. Such literature claimed that fruit farming in the valley was highly profitable and an ideal pursuit for the upper class, while glossing over the isolation

1910:

The BCDA renamed its townsite of Sunnymede as Walhassen in February 1909, claiming this anglicization of a First Nations word meant "abundance of the earth". The spelling soon changed to Walhachin. An accurate translation as "land of round rocks", which better described the terraces capped with large

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died in an unspecified accident. In 1911, all the passenger cars of a train derailed on returning to the main line at Semlin, and CP built an engine house and plastered the station. On being evicted from a freight train that year, several freighthoppers hurled rocks at the train drawing a response in

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The estate was largely vacant until 1940, when cattleman Harry Ferguson leased 2,000 hectares (5,000 acres) of bottom land, which he used for winter grazing. The orchards and sagebrush were cleared and grass planted. Prior to his death in 1947, the Marquess sold the property to Ferguson for a mere $

2088:

gross incompetence. Their families effectively banished them from England by sending them to manage a newly acquired overseas property. These rejects lacked a motivation to succeed, a desire to work, and useful employment skills. The elderly came to enjoy the drier climate in their retirement years.

2050:

The first government experimental farm was opened in the Thompson Valley in 1934. In the absence of prior research, adapting to suit the environment required trial and error by earlier settlers. Whereas the long warm season was promoted to potential settlers, the three and half months of cold season

2029:

In the 1910s, the pumping of water up a 340-metre (1,100 ft) elevation from the river below was financially impractical. After three decades of neglect, isolated apple trees in various spots did survive. Technology advances in the 1950s offered inexpensive water for crops, where soil conditions

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and cactus. Possessing water rights on Brassey Creek and storage at Twin Lakes, Pennie developed a 0.8-hectare (2-acre) apple orchard, having potential far exceeding the general area. After Charles died in 1900, his widow was open to selling the ranch. By this time, 16 hectares (40 acres) of hay was

1961:

began buying Walhachin land in 1913, the evidence suggested another bad investment. That year, he laid out the Anglesey townsite on the north shore. He introduced a degree of relaxation to the rigid class structure at Walhachin by changing the rules to permit public entry to the hotel. However, use

1953:

Promoters buying cheap land, making minimal improvements, and selling to new settlers, often did not end well for the latter. Additionally in this instance, the unpaid debenture holders forced the BCDA into bankruptcy in 1912. These lenders eventually received nine pence on the pound sterling (less

1883:

On the advice of C.E. Barnes, the British Columbia Development Association (BCDA) in 1908 purchased the Pennie Ranch (including the Upper Ranch) and an additional 380 hectares (930 acres) formerly owned by J.B. Greaves. The $ 229,400 total price included buildings and livestock, the latter being on

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property to the west on the north shore for winter grazing. He expanded his herd to thousands of cattle, unlike the pre-emptors, who had preceded him. On the south shore central parts, J.B. Greaves abandoned his herd in 1867, returned in the spring, and settled. Adjacent to his east, he also gained

2087:

The retirees from the military or public service had no knowledge of farming. Most of the young men would not have chosen to come to Walhachin. Many either possibly faced or actually experienced expulsion from school, the military, or high society, because of moral shortcomings, legal problems, or

2078:

A 1962 comprehensive soil study concluded the general area was only suitable for grazing livestock. Of the greater land mass, only 4 per cent (about 81 hectares (200 acres)) was suitable for vegetables and 90 per cent could grow alfalfa (subject to economical irrigation). Such an environment could

1887:

The BCDA immediately formed two subsidiaries, the Dry Belt Settlement Utilities (DBSU) for the townsite and the BC Horticultural Estates for the agriculture. In summer 1908, 150 town lots were surveyed, 10 hectares (25 acres) planted with grass, and work began on developing irrigation systems from

2103:

A questionable claim is that Walhachin had the largest per capita enlistment of men in World War I of any community in Canada. In August 1914, the Walhachin Squadron of the 31st British Columbia Horse, which comprised all the young men except one, left for training. Beyond patriotism, World War I

1944:

In 1911, 12 residences were built and the Walhachin Chronicle published three editions. In 1912, The Walhachin Times printed a single edition. That year, a large town hall was erected. Two restaurants, a bakery, barber, butcher, dairy, livery stable, ladies store, two insurance offices, and three

2001:

The irrigation system was the dominant factor for failure. On the south shore, the creeks supplied water via 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) of wooden flume, 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) of ditch, 1.2 kilometres (0.7 mi) of wooden pipe, and 0.8 kilometres (0.5 mi) of steel pipe. On the north

406:

In 1920, a CP train struck a man riding a horse along the track, causing severe injuries. In 1921, one defendant received three years and the other two and a half years for breaking into a CP baggage car near Walhachin. In 1927, the charge from a lightening bolt travelling along the wire to the

2013:

Opinions differ as to the quality of workmanship in building the sections of the main flume. One view regards the work as more than adequate. A contrary perspective of the whole conduit infrastructure suggests a temporariness in design to save costs, with the intention of replacement once the

1984:

The DBSU entered bankruptcy in July 1922, the water system was abandoned, and by yearend, all the English gentry were gone. The CN railway point being the notable local survivor of the Anglesey family name, the Marquess returned permanently to England but revisited his ranch at least once.

2112:

Being on both the CP and CN main lines was advantageous for distribution. During 1919 and 1920, apple prices remained high, but the dramatic increase of apple crops in BC alone led to falling prices in international markets from 1921 onward. Within this gradual decline were extreme annual

2066:, where the lake moderates temperatures, Walhachin is susceptible to serious frosts, which in 1912 destroyed 20 hectares (50 acres) of peaches, indicating that the vicinity was suitable for apple crops only. Also tried but rejected were tobacco, cherries, pears, plums, and apricots. 2129:

A ferry installed at the townsite in 1908 ran until 1910. That year, a ferry installed at the former Pennie Ranch site to serve the Barnes estate on the north side ran until 1912. Close to the latter in 1911, the Algoma Steel Bridge Co erected two 61-metre (200 ft) through

2051:

was the real challenge. Although frosts may cost only one season for vegetable crops, the cost for fruit trees, which take five years before an appreciable harvest, was far more serious. The excessive summer temperatures caused high evaporation of scarce water resources and the

2189:

The Walhachin Quarry is south of the hamlet and the CP main line. In 1973, blasting for road gravel blew out windows in the community hall and shattered glass at residences. After a period of inactivity, operations resumed in 1984. The quarry primarily produces railway

1965:

One account claims about 1,800 tonnes (2,000 short tons) of potatoes were produced in 1911, whereas another states that only small volumes of vegetables were shipped out prior to 1917. That year, 15 acres of trees produced the first commercial apples. During

1940:

officially opened the hotel. The BCDA purchased an additional 1,321 hectares (3,265 acres) on the north shore from the Dominion Government for a dollar an acre. The Snohoosh Water Light and Power Co. was established mainly to supply water for this land.

2074:

Conducted in 1953, the first soil study on the various terrace levels determined 90 hectares (222 acres) too rocky for any agriculture, 29 hectares (72 acres) low yielding and expensive to irrigate, and 64 hectares (159 acres) suitable for vegetables.

1895:

promotional campaign was underway. The elaborate brochures were directed toward the upper class, and most purchases were made sight unseen. An additional incentive was that immigrants could bring in their opulent possessions duty free.

330:

On the south shore opposite Wilson, Charles Pennie pre-empted in 1870, acquiring and leasing more property over the following years. By 1876, he remained the only permanent settler west of Greaves. Overgrazing transformed the natural

292:, which then drained eastward, deposited silt on the valley floor. The lowering lake reduced the deltas, revealed the terraces, and allowed the Thompson to carve a channel to flow westward. Later erosion in the 5667: 2017:

To recover the original capital cost of the water system (estimated at $ 100,000 to $ 300,000) and ongoing maintenance made the water supply uneconomical. A 1944 study to examine the feasibility of growing

1914:

Unlike other interior communities, Walhachin functioned as an elite English implant during its boom years, earning the unofficial name of Little England or Canada's Camelot, a second Eden in the desert.

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fluctuations. Also, US orchardists could produce comparable fruit at significantly lower cost. Even if the Walhachin orchards had survived, they could not have been profitable in the long term.

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transformed the river edges and prompted the displacement of First Nations in the vicinity. Evidence of former indigenous winter quarters is visible along the terraces. In 1868, the

1309:

In December 1914, the westward advance of the CNoR rail head from Kamloops reached Walhachin. The track follows the valley floor at a much lower elevation than the hamlet proper.

299:

The 2,000-hectare (5,000-acre) area is about 2.4 kilometres (1.5 mi) wide stretching 11 kilometres (7 mi) along the river. The plateaus set the north–south limits. A

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The population totals about 40 permanent residents. Including the hall, 14 original buildings still stand, the former store and schoolhouse converted to private residences.

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In the 1960s, the hall renovations included halving the stage width and converting the actors' dressing rooms into washrooms. Remaining in the hall for almost 50 years, the

1978:

refused the Marquess' offer of his holdings for soldier resettlement. That year, all fruit shipments ceased, because the orchards and infrastructure had badly deteriorated.

379:

In 1901, a locomotive under tow and four freight cars toppled over an embankment. In 1908, a westbound freight train struck and killed a man near Semlin, which is named for

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After 1923, Chinese gardeners leased 5 hectares (12 acres) as orchard and also grew vegetables on the limited arable ground irrigated by the Twin Lakes Reservoir.

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In 1998, the derailment of five rail cars of a CP freight train about 1 kilometre (0.6 mi) east damaged approximately 500 metres (1,640 ft) of track.

1907:

Although CP spelled the station name as Pennys from the 1880s, the Pennie Ranch settlement was generally called Pennies or sometimes Penniestown or Penniston.

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Experiencing the vegetation associated with semi-arid conditions of Western North America, the land was most suited to cattle ranching. In 1865, John Wilson

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The general store operated at least until the mid-1980s, when the Thompson River Estates subdivision was created to the northeast on the opposite shore.

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transmission lines introduced electricity to the area. That year, the elementary school closed, since a school bus taking high school students to

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sections, which were 4.5 metres (14 ft 8 in) wide, and supported by abutments and a central pier. The bridge opened the following year.

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In 1920, the hotel was demolished. By 1921, with no improvements and falling fruit prices, most settlers left and the Marquess lost interest.

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In 1985, protests lodged after CP removed a private crossing over four tracks was resolved by a relocated crossing over a single track.

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In 2018, Walhachin unveiled a new cenotaph behind the hall, which commemorates the more than 100 men who took part in World War I.

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determined that water costs would make such a project unprofitable. A 1945 study to examine the feasibility of settling returned

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subdivision was 1.1 kilometres (3,448 ft) in 1916, progressively extending to the current 2.0 kilometres (6,455 ft).

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In the late 1920s, student numbers were sufficient to warrant two teachers at the school, but the population fell during the

2149:. While the British left, the place never died, because many of the workers remained and the railways maintained a presence. 410:

In 1932, an eastbound train carrying a CP superintendent ran into a rockslide. That year, transients completely burned five

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In 1976, 28 westbound CP wheat cars derailed at Semlin, with four falling about 61 metres (200 ft) into the Thompson.

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The water supply system, which serves about 35 customers, was largely constructed in 1979 and upgraded in 2002 and 2012.

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laundries, also existed. In May 1913, the government school opened. An unofficial school had operated since March 1911.

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than four cents on the dollar), making Walhachin also an investment failure for both stockholders and lenders.

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In 1909, construction commenced on a hotel, general store, bunkhouse, and three residences. By that fall, the

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soldiers reached a similar conclusion. Only a small acreage supplied by the Twin Lakes Reservoir was viable.

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the infrastructure experienced neglect. In 1918, the Marquess gained a controlling interest in the venture.

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of the Brassey and Upper Ranch creeks overlaid these sand and gravel areas with fertile deposits.

2156:. At that time, the government established a relief camp on the north shore several miles away. 1329:

In 1947, five died and a crew member was scalded, when a CN freight train derailed at Anglesey.

1326:

In 1922, no injuries occurred when a passenger train hit a landslide, derailing the locomotive.

5573: 5639: 5620: 5592: 4325: 2566: 395:. In 1909, the body of a man who likely fell from a freight train was discovered to the west. 323: 138: 5202: 3727: 2255: 2153: 241: 237: 143: 131: 70: 3670: 3547: 2205:

When the Walhachin postmaster retired in October 2004, the post office closed permanently.

1899:

The townsite was at the Upper Ranch. Reginald Pole was the inaugural postmaster 1909–1910.

17: 3256: 2287: 2249: 1937: 327:

title to the Tingley property in 1872. He greatly expanded his holdings eastward in 1879.

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Erected in 1884, the standard-design (Bohi's Type 5) single-storey station building with

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of the swimming pool at his Anglesey residence remained restricted to the aristocracy.

424:

In 1955, the partial derailment of an eastbound CP passenger train caused no injuries.

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reserve to the east and then unavailable land to the west set the longitudinal limits.

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at Semlin. In 1936, a fire burned the CP water tower, three telegraph poles, and some

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The wooden deck of the single-lane steel bridge was replaced in 1977–78 and 2015.

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In 1952, a freighthopper died as a result of falling from a CN freight train.

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Few small BC communities have had as much written about them as Walhachin.

1911:

concentrations of cobble gravel, never appeared in promotional materials.

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headphones of the CP telegraph operator briefly knocked him unconscious.

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some distance away on both sides of river. That April, Prime Minister

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Settlement Abandonment: A Case Study of Walhachin – Myth and Reality

1863:, introduced in 1932, is omitted from the Official Guide timetables. 2120: 2041: 2004: 1926: 1874: 443:

The CP Walhachin passing track is 2.9 kilometres (9,460 ft).

167: 5056:"Minister of Highways and Public Works annual report, 1977–78" 4284: 4282: 288:

and Brassey creeks, large sand and gravel deltas formed. The

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Scenes from the following were shot in the Walhachin area:

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In 2008, centennial celebrations were held over a weekend.

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Although a ghost of past glory, Walhachin was never a true

1335:

In 1973, the CN train station (1914) burned to the ground.

387:. The station was at the highest point on the line west of 260:, is by road about 77 kilometres (48 mi) northeast of 3810: 3808: 3806: 2642: 2640: 2526: 2524: 2522: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2514: 2512: 2510: 2497: 2495: 2470: 2468: 2274:(1911–1969), naval officer and politician, place of birth. 2091:

Most settlers lived for leisure rather than to comprehend

2079:

not have provided a viable base for the 1910s settlement.

2055:. In 1917, such losses were accompanied by an outbreak of 1312:

In 1915, a worker fell to his death from the CNoR bridge.

5668:

Populated places in the Thompson-Nicola Regional District

5008: 5006: 2443: 2441: 421:

In 1948, automatic block signalling (ABS) was installed.

5608:

Old buildings of Savona: The railway buildings of Savona

2160:

40,000, which has continued in use for cattle ranching.

1341:

CN and Official Guide Train Timetables (Regular stop or

5678:

Canadian National Railway stations in British Columbia

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In 1912 and 1913, a construction worker fell from the

5673:

Canadian Pacific Railway stations in British Columbia

1319:(CN) passing track at Walhachin on the predominantly 256:

between Brassey and Jimmie creeks. The locality, off

2214:The annual Walhaschindig has been held since 2016. 284:(LGP), a lake covered the valley. At the mouths of 223: 206: 190: 178: 161: 149: 137: 125: 115: 34: 2252:(1913–2004), documentary producer, place of birth. 2246:(1890–1957), businessman and politician, resident. 5038:"Minister of Public Works annual report, 1911–12" 4415:"Why That Name, Place Names of Kamloops District" 3765:"BC Historical News: The Fabulous Fanny Faucault" 2624:"Why That Name, Place Names of Kamloops District" 1884:sold to free the land for orchard development. 440:struck by a train at a crossing was destroyed. 353:In December 1884, the eastward advance of the 5071: 5069: 8: 3434:"Report of the Department of Railways, 1916" 1879:Irrigation ditch excavation, Walhachin, 1910 5095: 5093: 2561:Bohi, Charles W.; Kozma, Leslie S. (1993). 4320: 4318: 4316: 4218: 4216: 3758: 3756: 3521: 3519: 31: 2046:Plowing for the orchards. Walhachin, 1910 1919:Expansion and climax prior to World War I 268:, and 66 kilometres (41 mi) west of 5467:"Hood, Maurice Henry Nelson (1881–1915)" 5453: 4884: 4527: 4030: 3747: 3639: 3402: 2211:In 2011, the museum opened in the hall. 1337: 445: 5167:"Public Schools annual report, 1953–54" 4899:"BC Historical News: A Walhachin Index" 4167:"Public Schools annual report, 1912–13" 3542: 3540: 3035: 3033: 2337: 2326:List of crossings of the Thompson River 418:. The tank infrastructure was rebuilt. 319:reserve on Deadman Creek was surveyed. 205: 177: 160: 114: 79: 47: 5419:"Marriage Certificate (CHETWYND/LANG)" 5024: 5012: 3083:. 15 Jun 1891. pp. 96–98 (48–49). 2171:could also carry elementary students. 2117:Ferries and bridge across the Thompson 236:is an unincorporated community in the 2268:(1881-1915), naval officer, resident. 449:CP Train Timetables (Regular stop or 264:, 28 kilometres (17 mi) east of 222: 189: 148: 136: 124: 29:Community in British Columbia, Canada 7: 5555: 5543: 5531: 5519: 5135: 4979: 4967: 4955: 4943: 4931: 4919: 4872: 4860: 4848: 4836: 4824: 4812: 4800: 4788: 4776: 4764: 4752: 4740: 4728: 4716: 4704: 4692: 4680: 4668: 4656: 4626: 4614: 4599: 4587: 4575: 4563: 4551: 4539: 4515: 4503: 4491: 4479: 4467: 4452: 4364: 4345: 4307: 4288: 4273: 4258: 4207: 4195: 4183: 4114: 4099: 4069: 4057: 4042: 4018: 4006: 3994: 3961: 3838: 3826: 3814: 3797: 3785: 3575:. Mar 1916. p. 635 (Main Line). 2646: 2530: 2501: 2486: 2474: 2459: 2447: 2432: 2420: 2408: 2396: 2384: 2565:. South Platte Press. p. 130. 2272:Rowland Hood, 3rd Viscount Bridport 5383:"Walhachin Community Water System" 3737:. 30 Oct 1960. p. 53 (TT137). 3557:. 30 Sep 1956. p. 54 (TT136). 3227:. 25 Sep 1932. p. 461 (TT78). 3191:. 30 Nov 1919. p. 171 (TT11). 25: 5589:Walhachin:Catastrophe or Camelot? 5441:www.ashcroftcachecreekjournal.com 5369:www.ashcroftcachecreekjournal.com 5351:www.ashcroftcachecreekjournal.com 4087:www.ashcroftcachecreekjournal.com 3716:. 30 Apr 1950. p. 14 (TT24). 3680:. 28 Apr 1943. p. 13 (TT23). 3531:www.ashcroftcachecreekjournal.com 3356:. 25 Apr 1965. p. 128 (TT7). 3173:. 5 Sep 1916. p. 147 (TT11). 3101:. 18 Mar 1898. pp. 103 (57). 3047:. 28 Apr 1935. p. 6 (TT 70). 2563:Canadian Pacific's Western Depots 61: 3763:Darlington, Esther Hope (1995). 3698:. Apr 1947. p. 1117 (TT75). 3659:. Sep 1938. p. 1074 (TT75). 3629:. Mar 1933. p. 1083 (TT75). 3611:. Jan 1927. p. 1162 (TT75). 3593:. Oct 1923. p. 1036 (TT75). 3338:. 26 Apr 1964. p. 93 (TT7). 3302:. 25 Apr 1954. p. 46 (TT7). 2232:Walhachin Oxbows Provincial Park 2009:Flume trestle, Walhachin, c.1910 1868:Creating the orchard subdivision 248:. The place is on a south shore 212: 60: 53: 3320:. 30 Oct 1960. p. 7 (TT7). 3266:. 27 Jun 1943. p. 9 (TT7). 3245:. 5 Feb 1939. p. 89 (TT7). 3155:. 1 Dec 1912. p. 85 (TT7). 5437:"Ashcroft-Cache Creek Journal" 5365:"Ashcroft-Cache Creek Journal" 5347:"Ashcroft-Cache Creek Journal" 4083:"Ashcroft-Cache Creek Journal" 3527:"Ashcroft-Cache Creek Journal" 3284:. 5 Dec 1948. p. 9 (TT7). 3119:. 8 Oct 1905. p. 49 (12). 2184:University of British Columbia 2039:differences around Walhachin. 1851: 1: 4839:, pp. 118–119 (108–109). 4791:, pp. 103, 104 (93, 94). 4348:, pp. 128–130 (118–120). 2228:Juniper Beach Provincial Park 2182:, was donated in 1961 to the 361:passed through the locality. 5617:Walhachin, Birth of a Legend 5572:Riis, Nelson Andrew (1970). 4396:"Kamloops Standard-Sentinel" 4378:"Kamloops Standard-Sentinel" 3264:www.streamlinermemories.info 3065:. May 1887. p. 14 (25). 2804:"Kamloops Standard-Sentinel" 1856:. The twice weekly Kamloops– 383:. That year, CP installed a 5125:. 11 Mar 2000. p. Z12. 4982:, pp. 107–108 (97–98). 4646:. 19 Jun 1946. p. A13. 4494:, pp. 79, 81 (69, 71). 4455:, pp. 68, 72 (57, 62). 4155:. 28 Aug 1936. p. A12. 2918:. 28 Jan 1948. p. A17. 2900:. 21 Aug 1936. p. A10. 1306:(CNoR) bridge and drowned. 18:Walhachin, British Columbia 5694: 5634:Morrow, Trelle A. (2016). 5509:. 22 Oct 2008. p. C5. 5491:. 11 Feb 2006. p. A8. 5299:. 13 Dec 2007. p. A6. 5107:. 21 Jul 2008. p. A2. 4442:. 30 Nov 1926. p. A5. 4402:. 21 Jul 1922. p. A4. 4384:. 25 May 1920. p. A5. 4333:www.exploregoldcountry.com 4248:. 13 May 1913. p. A1. 4135:www.exploregoldcountry.com 3948:. 23 Feb 1909. p. A8. 3930:. 11 Mar 1893. p. A5. 3894:. 25 Jun 1904. p. A8. 3876:. 21 Nov 1891. p. A1. 3494:. 26 Sep 1972. p. A4. 3209:. 1929. p. 11 (TT10). 2936:. 10 Aug 1955. p. 23. 2882:. 21 Jul 1936. p. A1. 2810:. 28 Oct 1921. p. A1. 2774:. 16 Jul 1914. p. A1. 2738:. 26 May 1911. p. A9. 2720:. 23 Jun 1911. p. A6. 2684:. 22 Jul 1910. p. A6. 2666:. 18 Mar 1909. p. A5. 1340: 448: 5638:. Talisman Publications. 5606:Villiers, Edward (1998). 5335:. 2 Aug 2011. p. C5. 5317:. 6 Dec 2007. p. A5. 5281:. 9 Oct 1984. p. 18. 5263:. 3 May 1983. p. 37. 5227:. 27 Dec 1983. p. 4. 5191:. 4 Nov 1960. p. A1. 5185:"Kamloops Daily Sentinel" 5155:. 4 Oct 1954. p. A3. 4999:. 13 Aug 1908. p. 4. 4230:. 1 Jan 2006. p. A7. 3981:. 1 Oct 2015. p. A3. 3912:. 8 Oct 1892. p. A8. 3488:"Kamloops Daily Sentinel" 3476:. 22 Aug 1922. p. 1. 3452:"CN Ashcroft Subdivision" 3422:. 13 Jan 1915. p. 7. 3392:. 24 Dec 1914. p. 3. 3374:. 5 Mar 1913. p. A5. 3137:. 1 Sep 1909. p. 23. 3020:"CP Thompson Subdivision" 2990:. 4 Jul 1998. p. A1. 2954:. 9 Jan 1976. p. A1. 2864:. 5 Feb 1932. p. 22. 2828:. 5 Aug 1927. p. A7. 2792:. 24 Aug 1920. p. 1. 2756:. 30 Mar 1914. p. 1. 2702:. 27 Jun 1911. p. 4. 2611:. 11 Nov 1908. p. 2. 2593:. 12 Oct 1901. p. 1. 2550:. 24 Dec 1884. p. 3. 2544:"Daily British Columbian" 2266:Maurice Henry Nelson Hood 1317:Canadian National Railway 1304:Canadian Northern Railway 80: 69:Location of Walhachin in 48: 41: 5615:Jacobsen, Larry (2014). 3735:streamlinermemories.info 3678:streamlinermemories.info 3555:streamlinermemories.info 3512:. 9 Jun 1952. p. 1. 3008:. 7 Apr 2010. p. 2. 2972:. 3 Sep 1985. p. 3. 2846:. 7 Dec 1932. p. 1. 2260:Victoria Cross recipient 2125:Ferry, Walhachin, c.1910 355:Canadian Pacific Railway 311:In 1858, the arrival of 240:region of south central 5423:www.royalbcmuseum.bc.ca 5203:"Minfile No. 092INE064" 4897:Wood, Keith R. (2000). 2605:"Daily News Advertiser" 2366:"Jimmies Creek (creek)" 2346:"Walhachin (community)" 1949:Decline and abandonment 1924:and harsh environment. 381:Charles Augustus Semlin 340:also under irrigation. 5086:. May 2015. p. 6. 3386:"Victoria Daily Times" 2294:Joy Ride 2: Dead Ahead 2178:piano, once played by 2141:Intermediate community 2126: 2047: 2010: 1932: 1880: 100:50.74972°N 120.98444°W 5485:"Kamloops Daily News" 5329:"Kamloops Daily News" 5311:"Kamloops Daily News" 5293:"Kamloops Daily News" 5119:"Kamloops Daily News" 5101:"Kamloops Daily News" 3775:(4): 12, 14 (10, 12). 2984:"Kamloops Daily News" 2696:"Daily News (Nelson)" 2371:BC Geographical Names 2351:BC Geographical Names 2180:Ignacy Jan Paderewski 2124: 2045: 2008: 1931:Walhachin Hotel, 1910 1930: 1878: 5503:"Kamloops This Week" 4922:, p. 127 (117). 4875:, p. 126 (116). 4827:, p. 125 (115). 4815:, p. 124 (114). 4803:, p. 118 (108). 4291:, p. 128 (118). 4210:, p. 114 (104). 4198:, p. 113 (103). 4128:"Ghost of Walhachin" 4009:, p. 112 (102). 3964:, p. 120 (110). 3099:babel.hathitrust.org 3002:"Lake District News" 2309:Map of pre-emptions. 2057:codling moth disease 1997:Irrigation obstacles 1959:Marquess of Anglesey 376:) was sold in 1965. 357:(CP) rail head from 105:50.74972; -120.98444 5587:Weir, Joan (1984). 5149:"Kamloops Sentinel" 4958:, p. 106 (96). 4946:, p. 105 (95). 4909:(2): 21–22 (19–20). 4779:, p. 102 (92). 4755:, p. 101 (91). 4743:, p. 100 (90). 4640:"Kamloops Sentinel" 4436:"Kamloops Sentinel" 4413:Balf, Mary (1978). 4242:"Kamloops Standard" 4149:"Kamloops Sentinel" 3997:, p. 109 (99). 3888:"Kamloops Standard" 3470:"Kamloops Telegram" 3440:. p. 21 (D11). 2912:"Kamloops Sentinel" 2894:"Kamloops Sentinel" 2876:"Kamloops Sentinel" 2822:"Kamloops Sentinel" 2786:"Kamloops Telegram" 2714:"Kamloops Standard" 2660:"Kamloops Standard" 2622:Balf, Mary (1978). 2587:"Revelstoke Herald" 2315:Map of agriculture. 2083:Calibre of settlers 1992:Reasons for failure 307:Earlier settlements 282:Last Glacial Period 201:778, 236, & 672 96: / 5619:. Self-published. 5534:, p. 37 (28). 5522:, p. 23 (14). 5405:www.gochetwynd.com 5401:"Chetwynd History" 5279:www.newspapers.com 5261:www.newspapers.com 5243:www.brodagroup.com 5225:www.newspapers.com 5138:, p. 73 (63). 4934:, p. 70 (60). 4767:, p. 65 (54). 4731:, p. 99 (89). 4719:, p. 98 (88). 4707:, p. 97 (87). 4695:, p. 96 (86). 4683:, p. 32 (23). 4671:, p. 31 (22). 4659:, p. 25 (16). 4617:, p. 92 (82). 4590:, p. 90 (80). 4566:, p. 86 (76). 4554:, p. 85 (75). 4542:, p. 84 (74). 4518:, p. 82 (72). 4506:, p. 81 (71). 4482:, p. 74 (64). 4470:, p. 94 (84). 4367:, p. 72 (62). 4326:"Walhachin Museum" 4310:, p. 71 (61). 4276:, p. 68 (57). 4102:, p. 60 (49). 4060:, p. 77 (67). 4045:, p. 56 (45). 3829:, p. 53 (42). 3817:, p. 52 (41). 3800:, p. 47 (38). 3788:, p. 46 (37). 3696:timetableworld.com 3657:timetableworld.com 3627:timetableworld.com 3609:timetableworld.com 3591:timetableworld.com 3573:timetableworld.com 3510:www.newspapers.com 3474:www.newspapers.com 3390:www.newspapers.com 3006:www.newspapers.com 2970:www.newspapers.com 2934:www.newspapers.com 2862:www.newspapers.com 2844:www.newspapers.com 2790:www.newspapers.com 2754:www.newspapers.com 2649:, p. 49 (39). 2633:. p. 22 (40). 2609:www.newspapers.com 2533:, p. 54 (43). 2504:, p. 43 (34). 2489:, p. 42 (33). 2477:, p. 40 (31). 2462:, p. 33 (24). 2450:, p. 38 (29). 2435:, p. 36 (27). 2423:, p. 35 (26). 2411:, p. 26 (17). 2399:, p. 29 (20). 2387:, p. 28 (19). 2127: 2053:sun scald of fruit 2048: 2011: 1933: 1881: 280:At the end of the 5626:978-0-9781640-3-4 5610:. Self-published. 5591:. Hancock House. 4970:, pp. 83–84. 4887:, pp. 42–43. 4530:, pp. 49–66. 4261:, pp. 35–36. 3942:"Inland Sentinel" 3924:"Inland Sentinel" 3906:"Inland Sentinel" 3870:"Inland Sentinel" 3856:www.bac-lac.gc.ca 3841:, pp. 16–17. 3368:"Inland Sentinel" 2768:"Inland Sentinel" 2750:"Inland Sentinel" 2186:School of Music. 2030:were favourable. 1846: 1845: 1298:Canadian National 1295: 1294: 231: 230: 151:Regional district 16:(Redirected from 5685: 5663:Thompson Country 5649: 5630: 5611: 5602: 5583: 5559: 5553: 5547: 5541: 5535: 5529: 5523: 5517: 5511: 5510: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5481: 5475: 5474: 5463: 5457: 5451: 5445: 5444: 5433: 5427: 5426: 5415: 5409: 5408: 5397: 5391: 5390: 5379: 5373: 5372: 5361: 5355: 5354: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5325: 5319: 5318: 5307: 5301: 5300: 5289: 5283: 5282: 5271: 5265: 5264: 5253: 5247: 5246: 5235: 5229: 5228: 5217: 5211: 5210: 5199: 5193: 5192: 5181: 5175: 5174: 5163: 5157: 5156: 5145: 5139: 5133: 5127: 5126: 5115: 5109: 5108: 5097: 5088: 5087: 5081: 5077:"BC Road Runner" 5073: 5064: 5063: 5052: 5046: 5045: 5034: 5028: 5022: 5016: 5010: 5001: 5000: 4989: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4959: 4953: 4947: 4941: 4935: 4929: 4923: 4917: 4911: 4910: 4894: 4888: 4882: 4876: 4870: 4864: 4858: 4852: 4846: 4840: 4834: 4828: 4822: 4816: 4810: 4804: 4798: 4792: 4786: 4780: 4774: 4768: 4762: 4756: 4750: 4744: 4738: 4732: 4726: 4720: 4714: 4708: 4702: 4696: 4690: 4684: 4678: 4672: 4666: 4660: 4654: 4648: 4647: 4636: 4630: 4624: 4618: 4612: 4603: 4597: 4591: 4585: 4579: 4573: 4567: 4561: 4555: 4549: 4543: 4537: 4531: 4525: 4519: 4513: 4507: 4501: 4495: 4489: 4483: 4477: 4471: 4465: 4456: 4450: 4444: 4443: 4432: 4426: 4425: 4424:. p. 3 (2). 4419: 4410: 4404: 4403: 4392: 4386: 4385: 4374: 4368: 4362: 4349: 4343: 4337: 4336: 4330: 4322: 4311: 4305: 4292: 4286: 4277: 4271: 4262: 4256: 4250: 4249: 4238: 4232: 4231: 4224:"Clinton Lariot" 4220: 4211: 4205: 4199: 4193: 4187: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4163: 4157: 4156: 4145: 4139: 4138: 4132: 4124: 4118: 4112: 4103: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4079: 4073: 4067: 4061: 4055: 4046: 4040: 4034: 4028: 4022: 4016: 4010: 4004: 3998: 3992: 3983: 3982: 3975:"Merritt Herald" 3971: 3965: 3959: 3950: 3949: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3902: 3896: 3895: 3884: 3878: 3877: 3866: 3860: 3859: 3848: 3842: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3801: 3795: 3789: 3783: 3777: 3776: 3760: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3738: 3732: 3724: 3718: 3717: 3706: 3700: 3699: 3692:"Official Guide" 3688: 3682: 3681: 3675: 3667: 3661: 3660: 3653:"Official Guide" 3649: 3643: 3637: 3631: 3630: 3623:"Official Guide" 3619: 3613: 3612: 3605:"Official Guide" 3601: 3595: 3594: 3587:"Official Guide" 3583: 3577: 3576: 3569:"Official Guide" 3565: 3559: 3558: 3552: 3544: 3535: 3534: 3523: 3514: 3513: 3502: 3496: 3495: 3484: 3478: 3477: 3466: 3460: 3459: 3448: 3442: 3441: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3412: 3406: 3400: 3394: 3393: 3382: 3376: 3375: 3364: 3358: 3357: 3346: 3340: 3339: 3328: 3322: 3321: 3310: 3304: 3303: 3292: 3286: 3285: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3261: 3253: 3247: 3246: 3235: 3229: 3228: 3217: 3211: 3210: 3199: 3193: 3192: 3181: 3175: 3174: 3163: 3157: 3156: 3145: 3139: 3138: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3109: 3103: 3102: 3091: 3085: 3084: 3073: 3067: 3066: 3055: 3049: 3048: 3037: 3028: 3027: 3016: 3010: 3009: 2998: 2992: 2991: 2980: 2974: 2973: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2944: 2938: 2937: 2930:"Times Colonist" 2926: 2920: 2919: 2908: 2902: 2901: 2890: 2884: 2883: 2872: 2866: 2865: 2858:"Calgary Herald" 2854: 2848: 2847: 2836: 2830: 2829: 2818: 2812: 2811: 2800: 2794: 2793: 2782: 2776: 2775: 2764: 2758: 2757: 2746: 2740: 2739: 2732:"Merritt Herald" 2728: 2722: 2721: 2710: 2704: 2703: 2692: 2686: 2685: 2678:"Merritt Herald" 2674: 2668: 2667: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2635: 2634: 2628: 2619: 2613: 2612: 2601: 2595: 2594: 2583: 2577: 2576: 2558: 2552: 2551: 2540: 2534: 2528: 2505: 2499: 2490: 2484: 2478: 2472: 2463: 2457: 2451: 2445: 2436: 2430: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2406: 2400: 2394: 2388: 2382: 2376: 2375: 2362: 2356: 2355: 2342: 2312:Map of townsite. 2306:Map of district. 2279:Filming location 2256:Gordon Flowerdew 2154:Great Depression 1864: 1855: 1840: 1835: 1828: 1821: 1814: 1813: 1806: 1805: 1786: 1781: 1774: 1767: 1760: 1759: 1752: 1751: 1744: 1743: 1732: 1722: 1717: 1710: 1703: 1696: 1695: 1688: 1687: 1668: 1663: 1656: 1649: 1642: 1641: 1634: 1633: 1626: 1625: 1606: 1601: 1594: 1587: 1580: 1579: 1572: 1571: 1564: 1563: 1546: 1541: 1534: 1527: 1520: 1519: 1512: 1511: 1504: 1503: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1452: 1445: 1444: 1437: 1436: 1429: 1428: 1338: 1285: 1280: 1275: 1270: 1265: 1260: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1224: 1217: 1212: 1211: 1200: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1154: 1133: 1128: 1127: 1120: 1119: 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1061: 1054: 1053: 1046: 1045: 1038: 1037: 1030: 1029: 1012: 1007: 1002: 1001: 994: 993: 986: 985: 978: 977: 970: 969: 962: 961: 954: 949: 944: 939: 888: 883: 878: 873: 872: 865: 864: 841: 836: 831: 826: 821: 816: 811: 806: 779: 774: 773: 766: 765: 758: 753: 752: 745: 744: 737: 736: 729: 728: 721: 720: 713: 712: 705: 704: 697: 696: 689: 688: 681: 680: 673: 672: 665: 664: 657: 656: 649: 648: 627: 622: 617: 612: 607: 602: 597: 592: 587: 576: 575: 446: 349:Canadian Pacific 317:Skeetchestn Band 242:British Columbia 238:Thompson Country 216: 215: 144:Thompson Country 132:British Columbia 111: 110: 108: 107: 106: 101: 97: 94: 93: 92: 89: 71:British Columbia 64: 63: 57: 32: 21: 5693: 5692: 5688: 5687: 5686: 5684: 5683: 5682: 5653: 5652: 5646: 5633: 5627: 5614: 5605: 5599: 5586: 5571: 5568: 5563: 5562: 5554: 5550: 5542: 5538: 5530: 5526: 5518: 5514: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5483: 5482: 5478: 5465: 5464: 5460: 5452: 5448: 5435: 5434: 5430: 5417: 5416: 5412: 5399: 5398: 5394: 5381: 5380: 5376: 5363: 5362: 5358: 5345: 5344: 5340: 5327: 5326: 5322: 5309: 5308: 5304: 5291: 5290: 5286: 5273: 5272: 5268: 5255: 5254: 5250: 5237: 5236: 5232: 5219: 5218: 5214: 5201: 5200: 5196: 5183: 5182: 5178: 5165: 5164: 5160: 5147: 5146: 5142: 5134: 5130: 5117: 5116: 5112: 5099: 5098: 5091: 5079: 5075: 5074: 5067: 5054: 5053: 5049: 5036: 5035: 5031: 5023: 5019: 5011: 5004: 4993:"Nicola Herald" 4991: 4990: 4986: 4978: 4974: 4966: 4962: 4954: 4950: 4942: 4938: 4930: 4926: 4918: 4914: 4896: 4895: 4891: 4883: 4879: 4871: 4867: 4859: 4855: 4847: 4843: 4835: 4831: 4823: 4819: 4811: 4807: 4799: 4795: 4787: 4783: 4775: 4771: 4763: 4759: 4751: 4747: 4739: 4735: 4727: 4723: 4715: 4711: 4703: 4699: 4691: 4687: 4679: 4675: 4667: 4663: 4655: 4651: 4638: 4637: 4633: 4625: 4621: 4613: 4606: 4598: 4594: 4586: 4582: 4574: 4570: 4562: 4558: 4550: 4546: 4538: 4534: 4526: 4522: 4514: 4510: 4502: 4498: 4490: 4486: 4478: 4474: 4466: 4459: 4451: 4447: 4434: 4433: 4429: 4417: 4412: 4411: 4407: 4394: 4393: 4389: 4376: 4375: 4371: 4363: 4352: 4344: 4340: 4328: 4324: 4323: 4314: 4306: 4295: 4287: 4280: 4272: 4265: 4257: 4253: 4240: 4239: 4235: 4222: 4221: 4214: 4206: 4202: 4194: 4190: 4182: 4178: 4165: 4164: 4160: 4147: 4146: 4142: 4130: 4126: 4125: 4121: 4113: 4106: 4098: 4094: 4081: 4080: 4076: 4068: 4064: 4056: 4049: 4041: 4037: 4029: 4025: 4017: 4013: 4005: 4001: 3993: 3986: 3973: 3972: 3968: 3960: 3953: 3940: 3939: 3935: 3922: 3921: 3917: 3904: 3903: 3899: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3868: 3867: 3863: 3850: 3849: 3845: 3837: 3833: 3825: 3821: 3813: 3804: 3796: 3792: 3784: 3780: 3762: 3761: 3754: 3746: 3742: 3730: 3726: 3725: 3721: 3708: 3707: 3703: 3690: 3689: 3685: 3673: 3669: 3668: 3664: 3651: 3650: 3646: 3638: 3634: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3603: 3602: 3598: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3550: 3546: 3545: 3538: 3525: 3524: 3517: 3506:"Vancouver Sun" 3504: 3503: 3499: 3486: 3485: 3481: 3468: 3467: 3463: 3450: 3449: 3445: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3414: 3413: 3409: 3401: 3397: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3366: 3365: 3361: 3348: 3347: 3343: 3330: 3329: 3325: 3312: 3311: 3307: 3294: 3293: 3289: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3259: 3255: 3254: 3250: 3237: 3236: 3232: 3219: 3218: 3214: 3201: 3200: 3196: 3183: 3182: 3178: 3165: 3164: 3160: 3147: 3146: 3142: 3129: 3128: 3124: 3111: 3110: 3106: 3093: 3092: 3088: 3075: 3074: 3070: 3057: 3056: 3052: 3039: 3038: 3031: 3018: 3017: 3013: 3000: 2999: 2995: 2982: 2981: 2977: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2948:"Kamloops News" 2946: 2945: 2941: 2928: 2927: 2923: 2910: 2909: 2905: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2874: 2873: 2869: 2856: 2855: 2851: 2838: 2837: 2833: 2820: 2819: 2815: 2802: 2801: 2797: 2784: 2783: 2779: 2766: 2765: 2761: 2748: 2747: 2743: 2730: 2729: 2725: 2712: 2711: 2707: 2694: 2693: 2689: 2676: 2675: 2671: 2658: 2657: 2653: 2645: 2638: 2626: 2621: 2620: 2616: 2603: 2602: 2598: 2585: 2584: 2580: 2573: 2560: 2559: 2555: 2542: 2541: 2537: 2529: 2508: 2500: 2493: 2485: 2481: 2473: 2466: 2458: 2454: 2446: 2439: 2431: 2427: 2419: 2415: 2407: 2403: 2395: 2391: 2383: 2379: 2364: 2363: 2359: 2344: 2343: 2339: 2334: 2322: 2303: 2281: 2250:Arthur Chetwynd 2240: 2203: 2201:Later community 2143: 2119: 2110: 2108:Produce pricing 2101: 2085: 2072: 2036: 1999: 1994: 1951: 1938:Wilfrid Laurier 1921: 1905: 1870: 1849: 1848: 1838: 1833: 1826: 1819: 1811: 1809: 1803: 1801: 1784: 1779: 1772: 1765: 1757: 1755: 1749: 1747: 1741: 1739: 1730: 1720: 1715: 1708: 1701: 1693: 1691: 1685: 1683: 1666: 1661: 1654: 1647: 1639: 1637: 1631: 1629: 1623: 1621: 1604: 1599: 1592: 1585: 1577: 1575: 1569: 1567: 1561: 1559: 1544: 1539: 1532: 1525: 1517: 1515: 1509: 1507: 1501: 1499: 1486: 1481: 1476: 1471: 1466: 1461: 1456: 1450: 1448: 1442: 1440: 1434: 1432: 1426: 1424: 1300: 1283: 1278: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1248: 1243: 1238: 1233: 1228: 1222: 1220: 1215: 1209: 1207: 1198: 1172: 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1131: 1125: 1123: 1117: 1115: 1110: 1105: 1100: 1095: 1090: 1085: 1080: 1075: 1070: 1065: 1059: 1057: 1051: 1049: 1043: 1041: 1035: 1033: 1027: 1025: 1010: 1005: 999: 997: 991: 989: 983: 981: 975: 973: 967: 965: 959: 957: 952: 947: 942: 937: 886: 881: 876: 870: 868: 862: 860: 839: 834: 829: 824: 819: 814: 809: 804: 777: 771: 769: 763: 761: 756: 750: 748: 742: 740: 734: 732: 726: 724: 718: 716: 710: 708: 702: 700: 694: 692: 686: 684: 678: 676: 670: 668: 662: 660: 654: 652: 646: 644: 625: 620: 615: 610: 605: 600: 595: 590: 585: 573: 571: 351: 346: 309: 294:drainage basins 290:Bonaparte River 278: 213: 186: 156:Thompson-Nicola 104: 102: 98: 95: 90: 87: 85: 83: 82: 76: 75: 74: 73: 67: 66: 65: 44: 37: 30: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5691: 5689: 5681: 5680: 5675: 5670: 5665: 5655: 5654: 5651: 5650: 5645:978-0986842320 5644: 5636:Silent Passage 5631: 5625: 5612: 5603: 5597: 5584: 5580:library.ubc.ca 5567: 5564: 5561: 5560: 5548: 5536: 5524: 5512: 5494: 5476: 5458: 5446: 5428: 5410: 5392: 5374: 5371:. 19 Jun 2018. 5356: 5353:. 15 Mar 2023. 5338: 5320: 5302: 5284: 5266: 5248: 5239:"Walhachin BC" 5230: 5212: 5194: 5176: 5173:. p. O83. 5171:library.ubc.ca 5158: 5140: 5128: 5110: 5089: 5084:www2.gov.bc.ca 5065: 5062:. p. 128. 5060:library.ubc.ca 5047: 5044:. p. P10. 5042:library.ubc.ca 5029: 5027:, p. 128. 5017: 5015:, p. 109. 5002: 4997:library.ubc.ca 4984: 4972: 4960: 4948: 4936: 4924: 4912: 4903:library.ubc.ca 4889: 4877: 4865: 4853: 4841: 4829: 4817: 4805: 4793: 4781: 4769: 4757: 4745: 4733: 4721: 4709: 4697: 4685: 4673: 4661: 4649: 4631: 4619: 4604: 4592: 4580: 4568: 4556: 4544: 4532: 4520: 4508: 4496: 4484: 4472: 4457: 4445: 4427: 4405: 4387: 4369: 4350: 4338: 4312: 4293: 4278: 4263: 4251: 4233: 4212: 4200: 4188: 4176: 4173:. p. A44. 4171:library.ubc.ca 4158: 4140: 4119: 4104: 4092: 4089:. 21 Feb 2017. 4074: 4062: 4047: 4035: 4023: 4011: 3999: 3984: 3966: 3951: 3933: 3915: 3897: 3879: 3861: 3843: 3831: 3819: 3802: 3790: 3778: 3769:library.ubc.ca 3752: 3740: 3719: 3714:www.scribd.com 3701: 3683: 3662: 3644: 3632: 3614: 3596: 3578: 3560: 3536: 3533:. 29 Mar 2023. 3515: 3497: 3479: 3461: 3456:www.okthepk.ca 3443: 3438:library.ubc.ca 3425: 3420:library.ubc.ca 3407: 3395: 3377: 3359: 3354:library.ubc.ca 3341: 3336:library.ubc.ca 3323: 3318:library.ubc.ca 3305: 3300:library.ubc.ca 3287: 3282:library.ubc.ca 3269: 3248: 3243:library.ubc.ca 3230: 3225:library.ubc.ca 3212: 3207:library.ubc.ca 3194: 3189:library.ubc.ca 3176: 3171:library.ubc.ca 3158: 3153:library.ubc.ca 3140: 3135:library.ubc.ca 3122: 3117:library.ubc.ca 3104: 3086: 3081:library.ubc.ca 3068: 3063:library.ubc.ca 3050: 3045:library.ubc.ca 3029: 3024:www.okthepk.ca 3011: 2993: 2975: 2957: 2939: 2921: 2903: 2885: 2867: 2849: 2831: 2813: 2795: 2777: 2759: 2741: 2723: 2705: 2700:library.ubc.ca 2687: 2669: 2651: 2636: 2614: 2596: 2591:library.ubc.ca 2578: 2571: 2553: 2548:library.ubc.ca 2535: 2506: 2491: 2479: 2464: 2452: 2437: 2425: 2413: 2401: 2389: 2377: 2357: 2336: 2335: 2333: 2330: 2329: 2328: 2321: 2318: 2317: 2316: 2313: 2310: 2307: 2302: 2299: 2298: 2297: 2291: 2280: 2277: 2276: 2275: 2269: 2263: 2253: 2247: 2244:Ralph Chetwynd 2239: 2238:Notable people 2236: 2202: 2199: 2142: 2139: 2118: 2115: 2109: 2106: 2100: 2097: 2084: 2081: 2071: 2068: 2035: 2032: 1998: 1995: 1993: 1990: 1950: 1947: 1920: 1917: 1904: 1901: 1869: 1866: 1844: 1843: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1829: 1824: 1822: 1817: 1815: 1807: 1799: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1789: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1775: 1770: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1753: 1745: 1737: 1734: 1726: 1725: 1723: 1718: 1713: 1711: 1706: 1704: 1699: 1697: 1689: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1672: 1671: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1657: 1652: 1650: 1645: 1643: 1635: 1627: 1619: 1616: 1610: 1609: 1607: 1602: 1597: 1595: 1590: 1588: 1583: 1581: 1573: 1565: 1557: 1554: 1550: 1549: 1547: 1542: 1537: 1535: 1530: 1528: 1523: 1521: 1513: 1505: 1497: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1484: 1479: 1474: 1469: 1464: 1459: 1454: 1446: 1438: 1430: 1422: 1419: 1415: 1414: 1412: 1410: 1408: 1406: 1404: 1402: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1394: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1386: 1383: 1380: 1377: 1374: 1371: 1368: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1346: 1299: 1296: 1293: 1292: 1290: 1288: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1246: 1241: 1236: 1231: 1226: 1218: 1213: 1205: 1202: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1187: 1185: 1183: 1181: 1179: 1177: 1175: 1170: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1148: 1146: 1144: 1142: 1139: 1135: 1134: 1129: 1121: 1113: 1108: 1103: 1098: 1093: 1088: 1083: 1078: 1073: 1068: 1063: 1055: 1047: 1039: 1031: 1023: 1020: 1016: 1015: 1013: 1008: 1003: 995: 987: 979: 971: 963: 955: 950: 945: 940: 935: 933: 931: 929: 927: 925: 922: 916: 915: 913: 911: 909: 907: 905: 903: 901: 899: 897: 895: 893: 891: 889: 884: 879: 874: 866: 858: 855: 849: 848: 846: 844: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 800: 798: 796: 794: 792: 790: 788: 785: 781: 780: 775: 767: 759: 754: 746: 738: 730: 722: 714: 706: 698: 690: 682: 674: 666: 658: 650: 642: 639: 635: 634: 632: 630: 628: 623: 618: 613: 608: 603: 598: 593: 588: 583: 581: 579: 577: 569: 567: 565: 562: 558: 557: 555: 553: 551: 549: 547: 545: 543: 541: 539: 537: 535: 533: 531: 529: 527: 525: 523: 521: 519: 516: 515: 512: 509: 506: 503: 500: 497: 494: 491: 488: 485: 482: 479: 476: 473: 470: 467: 464: 461: 458: 455: 454: 372:(identical to 350: 347: 345: 342: 308: 305: 277: 274: 262:Spences Bridge 254:Thompson River 229: 228: 227:Thompson River 225: 221: 220: 218:Highway 1 210: 204: 203: 194: 188: 187: 184: 182: 176: 175: 165: 159: 158: 153: 147: 146: 141: 135: 134: 129: 123: 122: 117: 113: 112: 78: 77: 68: 59: 58: 52: 51: 50: 49: 46: 45: 42: 39: 38: 35: 28: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5690: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5647: 5641: 5637: 5632: 5628: 5622: 5618: 5613: 5609: 5604: 5600: 5598:0-88839-982-0 5594: 5590: 5585: 5581: 5577: 5576: 5570: 5569: 5565: 5558:, p. 50. 5557: 5552: 5549: 5546:, p. 48. 5545: 5540: 5537: 5533: 5528: 5525: 5521: 5516: 5513: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5495: 5490: 5486: 5480: 5477: 5472: 5471:wordpress.com 5468: 5462: 5459: 5456:, p. 81. 5455: 5454:Jacobsen 2014 5450: 5447: 5443:. 3 Apr 2018. 5442: 5438: 5432: 5429: 5424: 5420: 5414: 5411: 5406: 5402: 5396: 5393: 5388: 5384: 5378: 5375: 5370: 5366: 5360: 5357: 5352: 5348: 5342: 5339: 5334: 5330: 5324: 5321: 5316: 5312: 5306: 5303: 5298: 5294: 5288: 5285: 5280: 5276: 5270: 5267: 5262: 5258: 5252: 5249: 5244: 5240: 5234: 5231: 5226: 5222: 5216: 5213: 5208: 5204: 5198: 5195: 5190: 5186: 5180: 5177: 5172: 5168: 5162: 5159: 5154: 5150: 5144: 5141: 5137: 5132: 5129: 5124: 5120: 5114: 5111: 5106: 5102: 5096: 5094: 5090: 5085: 5078: 5072: 5070: 5066: 5061: 5057: 5051: 5048: 5043: 5039: 5033: 5030: 5026: 5021: 5018: 5014: 5009: 5007: 5003: 4998: 4994: 4988: 4985: 4981: 4976: 4973: 4969: 4964: 4961: 4957: 4952: 4949: 4945: 4940: 4937: 4933: 4928: 4925: 4921: 4916: 4913: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4893: 4890: 4886: 4885:Jacobsen 2014 4881: 4878: 4874: 4869: 4866: 4863:, p. 47. 4862: 4857: 4854: 4851:, p. 81. 4850: 4845: 4842: 4838: 4833: 4830: 4826: 4821: 4818: 4814: 4809: 4806: 4802: 4797: 4794: 4790: 4785: 4782: 4778: 4773: 4770: 4766: 4761: 4758: 4754: 4749: 4746: 4742: 4737: 4734: 4730: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4713: 4710: 4706: 4701: 4698: 4694: 4689: 4686: 4682: 4677: 4674: 4670: 4665: 4662: 4658: 4653: 4650: 4645: 4641: 4635: 4632: 4629:, p. 15. 4628: 4623: 4620: 4616: 4611: 4609: 4605: 4602:, p. 82. 4601: 4596: 4593: 4589: 4584: 4581: 4578:, p. 26. 4577: 4572: 4569: 4565: 4560: 4557: 4553: 4548: 4545: 4541: 4536: 4533: 4529: 4528:Jacobsen 2014 4524: 4521: 4517: 4512: 4509: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4493: 4488: 4485: 4481: 4476: 4473: 4469: 4464: 4462: 4458: 4454: 4449: 4446: 4441: 4437: 4431: 4428: 4423: 4416: 4409: 4406: 4401: 4397: 4391: 4388: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4366: 4361: 4359: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4342: 4339: 4334: 4327: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4313: 4309: 4304: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4290: 4285: 4283: 4279: 4275: 4270: 4268: 4264: 4260: 4255: 4252: 4247: 4243: 4237: 4234: 4229: 4225: 4219: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4204: 4201: 4197: 4192: 4189: 4186:, p. 56. 4185: 4180: 4177: 4172: 4168: 4162: 4159: 4154: 4150: 4144: 4141: 4136: 4129: 4123: 4120: 4117:, p. 59. 4116: 4111: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4096: 4093: 4088: 4084: 4078: 4075: 4072:, p. 57. 4071: 4066: 4063: 4059: 4054: 4052: 4048: 4044: 4039: 4036: 4033:, p. 74. 4032: 4031:Jacobsen 2014 4027: 4024: 4021:, p. 58. 4020: 4015: 4012: 4008: 4003: 4000: 3996: 3991: 3989: 3985: 3980: 3976: 3970: 3967: 3963: 3958: 3956: 3952: 3947: 3943: 3937: 3934: 3929: 3925: 3919: 3916: 3911: 3907: 3901: 3898: 3893: 3889: 3883: 3880: 3875: 3871: 3865: 3862: 3857: 3853: 3852:"Postmasters" 3847: 3844: 3840: 3835: 3832: 3828: 3823: 3820: 3816: 3811: 3809: 3807: 3803: 3799: 3794: 3791: 3787: 3782: 3779: 3774: 3770: 3766: 3759: 3757: 3753: 3750:, p. 22. 3749: 3748:Villiers 1998 3744: 3741: 3736: 3729: 3723: 3720: 3715: 3711: 3705: 3702: 3697: 3693: 3687: 3684: 3679: 3672: 3666: 3663: 3658: 3654: 3648: 3645: 3642:, p. 57. 3641: 3640:Villiers 1998 3636: 3633: 3628: 3624: 3618: 3615: 3610: 3606: 3600: 3597: 3592: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3556: 3549: 3543: 3541: 3537: 3532: 3528: 3522: 3520: 3516: 3511: 3507: 3501: 3498: 3493: 3489: 3483: 3480: 3475: 3471: 3465: 3462: 3457: 3453: 3447: 3444: 3439: 3435: 3429: 3426: 3421: 3417: 3416:"Mail Herald" 3411: 3408: 3405:, p. 43. 3404: 3403:Jacobsen 2014 3399: 3396: 3391: 3387: 3381: 3378: 3373: 3369: 3363: 3360: 3355: 3351: 3345: 3342: 3337: 3333: 3327: 3324: 3319: 3315: 3309: 3306: 3301: 3297: 3291: 3288: 3283: 3279: 3273: 3270: 3265: 3258: 3252: 3249: 3244: 3240: 3234: 3231: 3226: 3222: 3216: 3213: 3208: 3204: 3198: 3195: 3190: 3186: 3180: 3177: 3172: 3168: 3162: 3159: 3154: 3150: 3144: 3141: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3123: 3118: 3114: 3108: 3105: 3100: 3096: 3090: 3087: 3082: 3078: 3072: 3069: 3064: 3060: 3054: 3051: 3046: 3042: 3036: 3034: 3030: 3025: 3021: 3015: 3012: 3007: 3003: 2997: 2994: 2989: 2985: 2979: 2976: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2935: 2931: 2925: 2922: 2917: 2913: 2907: 2904: 2899: 2895: 2889: 2886: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2868: 2863: 2859: 2853: 2850: 2845: 2841: 2835: 2832: 2827: 2823: 2817: 2814: 2809: 2805: 2799: 2796: 2791: 2787: 2781: 2778: 2773: 2769: 2763: 2760: 2755: 2751: 2745: 2742: 2737: 2733: 2727: 2724: 2719: 2715: 2709: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2691: 2688: 2683: 2679: 2673: 2670: 2665: 2661: 2655: 2652: 2648: 2643: 2641: 2637: 2632: 2625: 2618: 2615: 2610: 2606: 2600: 2597: 2592: 2588: 2582: 2579: 2574: 2572:0-942035-25-9 2568: 2564: 2557: 2554: 2549: 2545: 2539: 2536: 2532: 2527: 2525: 2523: 2521: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2513: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2498: 2496: 2492: 2488: 2483: 2480: 2476: 2471: 2469: 2465: 2461: 2456: 2453: 2449: 2444: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2426: 2422: 2417: 2414: 2410: 2405: 2402: 2398: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2381: 2378: 2373: 2372: 2367: 2361: 2358: 2353: 2352: 2347: 2341: 2338: 2331: 2327: 2324: 2323: 2319: 2314: 2311: 2308: 2305: 2304: 2300: 2295: 2292: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2284: 2278: 2273: 2270: 2267: 2264: 2261: 2258:(1885–1918), 2257: 2254: 2251: 2248: 2245: 2242: 2241: 2237: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2224: 2221: 2218: 2215: 2212: 2209: 2206: 2200: 2198: 2195: 2193: 2187: 2185: 2181: 2177: 2172: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2157: 2155: 2150: 2148: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2133: 2123: 2116: 2114: 2107: 2105: 2098: 2096: 2094: 2089: 2082: 2080: 2076: 2069: 2067: 2065: 2060: 2058: 2054: 2044: 2040: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2025: 2021: 2015: 2007: 2003: 1996: 1991: 1989: 1986: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1971: 1969: 1963: 1960: 1955: 1948: 1946: 1942: 1939: 1929: 1925: 1918: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1902: 1900: 1897: 1894: 1889: 1885: 1877: 1873: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1859: 1854: 1853: 1842: 1837: 1832: 1830: 1825: 1823: 1818: 1816: 1808: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1792: 1791: 1788: 1783: 1778: 1776: 1771: 1769: 1764: 1762: 1754: 1746: 1738: 1735: 1728: 1727: 1724: 1719: 1714: 1712: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1698: 1690: 1682: 1680: 1677: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1665: 1660: 1658: 1653: 1651: 1646: 1644: 1636: 1628: 1620: 1617: 1615: 1612: 1611: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1596: 1591: 1589: 1584: 1582: 1574: 1566: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1543: 1538: 1536: 1531: 1529: 1524: 1522: 1514: 1506: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1491: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1460: 1455: 1447: 1439: 1431: 1423: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1409: 1407: 1405: 1403: 1401: 1399: 1397: 1395: 1393: 1391: 1389: 1388: 1384: 1381: 1378: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1349: 1348: 1344: 1339: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1327: 1324: 1322: 1318: 1313: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1297: 1291: 1289: 1287: 1282: 1277: 1272: 1267: 1262: 1257: 1252: 1247: 1242: 1237: 1232: 1227: 1219: 1214: 1206: 1203: 1196: 1195: 1192: 1190: 1188: 1186: 1184: 1182: 1180: 1178: 1176: 1171: 1166: 1161: 1156: 1151: 1149: 1147: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1137: 1136: 1130: 1122: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 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341: 338: 334: 328: 325: 320: 318: 314: 313:placer miners 306: 304: 302: 301:First Nations 297: 295: 291: 287: 283: 275: 273: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 235: 226: 219: 211: 209: 202: 198: 195: 193: 183: 181: 173: 169: 166: 164: 157: 154: 152: 145: 142: 140: 133: 130: 128: 121: 118: 109: 81:Coordinates: 72: 56: 40: 33: 27: 19: 5635: 5616: 5607: 5588: 5579: 5574: 5551: 5539: 5527: 5515: 5507:arch.tnrl.ca 5506: 5497: 5489:arch.tnrl.ca 5488: 5479: 5470: 5461: 5449: 5440: 5431: 5422: 5413: 5404: 5395: 5386: 5377: 5368: 5359: 5350: 5341: 5333:arch.tnrl.ca 5332: 5323: 5315:arch.tnrl.ca 5314: 5305: 5297:arch.tnrl.ca 5296: 5287: 5278: 5269: 5260: 5251: 5242: 5233: 5224: 5215: 5206: 5197: 5189:arch.tnrl.ca 5188: 5179: 5170: 5161: 5153:arch.tnrl.ca 5152: 5143: 5131: 5123:arch.tnrl.ca 5122: 5113: 5105:arch.tnrl.ca 5104: 5083: 5059: 5050: 5041: 5032: 5020: 4996: 4987: 4975: 4963: 4951: 4939: 4927: 4915: 4906: 4902: 4892: 4880: 4868: 4856: 4844: 4832: 4820: 4808: 4796: 4784: 4772: 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