3338:
at least two independent settler groups. These came from an economically highly developed region of the empire, where during the 11th and 12th centuries shortage of land was overcome through intensive planning and building of dike systems. Cities were developed through the textile industry and trade. Many knights of the first crusade came from here. It is undisputed that
Flandrenses played an important role in the German East-Migration. Latins, settlers of Romanic-Walloon origin, were also represented. For example, Johannes Latinus, who arrived as knight but also as one of the first Transylvanian merchants; Gräf Gyan from Salzburg who frightened the bishop of Weißenburg; and Magister Gocelinus, who presented Michelsberg to the Cistercian abbey Kerz. Also to be mentioned is the name of the town Walldorf (villa Latina, "Wallonendorf", town of Walloons) and villa Barbant or Barbantina, a name which brings to mind Brabant in Belgium. Based on the described and often contradictory research results, answers to the question of the origin of Transylvanian Saxons cannot be considered as final. An incontestable clarification cannot be expected since it is probable that the colonists of different religions and ethnic background came in small groups from all regions of the then empire and grew, once in Transylvania, into a group with its own distinct identity, with German language and culture. In any event, their number was negligibly small and has been estimated at 520 families, approximately 2600 persons.
1264:
those residing in
Brabant, it reached 95%. It is true that if you look at the birthplace of revolutionary given by the census, the number of Brussels falls to less than 60%, which could suggest that there was support "national" (to different provinces Belgian), or outside the city, more than 40%.But it is nothing, we know that between 1800 and 1830 the population of the capital grew by 75,000 to 103,000, this growth is due to the designation in 1815 in Brussels as a second capital of the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the rural exodus that accompanied the Industrial Revolution. It is therefore normal that a large part of the population of Brussels be originating provinces. These migrants came mainly from Flanders, which was hit hard by the crisis in the textile 1826-1830. This interpretation is also nationalist against the statements of witnesses:
57:
1917:
656:
2686:« the privilege of educated men who studied a ‘forgotten’, but in effect invented region and celebrated its folkloric traditions, its dialects, its past and its landscape » Maarten Van Ginderachter, « Nationalist Versus Regionalist? The Flemish and Walloon Movements in Belle Epoque Belgium », in Region and State in Nineteenth-Century Europe : Nation-Building, Regional Identities and Separatism, Palgrave Macmillan, 24 of October 2012, 293p p. (ISBN 9780230313941), p. 220.
1798:
135:
93:
111:
1571:
549:(1835): "The restless Wallons, with that adventurous daring which is their historical characteristic, abandoned their occupations, and eagerly seizing the pike and the musket marched towards the centre of the commotion." The Spanish terms of Walon and Walona from the 17th century referred to a Royal Guard Corps recruited in the Spanish Flanders. They were involved in many of the most significant battles of the Spanish Empire.
1002:
houses. For three days almost without cessation the fierce contest went on, the troops losing ground rather than gaining it. On the evening of the 26th the prince gave orders to retreat, his troops having suffered severely. The effect of this withdrawal was to convert a street insurrection into a national revolt. The moderates now united with the liberals, and a
Provisional Government was formed, having amongst its members
43:
2677:« ‘Wallonia’ as a concept was invented at that time, and ‘Flanders’ took its present meaning to denote the whole region. » Stefaan De Rynck, « Civic culture and institutional performance of the Belgians regions », in Patrick Le Gales, Christian Lequesne, Regions in Europe : The Paradox of Power, Routledge, 27 of February 2006, 328 pages p. (ISBN 9781134710614), p. 162
1909:
1729:
159:
782:, coupled with too little investment in service industries and light industry (which came to predominate in Flanders), started to tip the balance in the other direction. Flanders became gradually politically and economically dominant. In their turn, Walloon families have moved to Flanders in search of jobs. This evolution has not been without political repercussions.
2328:
2329:"2011 National Household Survey: Data tables – Ethnic Origin (264), Single and Multiple Ethnic Origin Responses (3), Generation Status (4), Age Groups (10) and Sex (3) for the Population in Private Households of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2011 National Household Survey"
1033:, who a few days later returned triumphantly from banishment. The Provisional Government issued a series of decrees declaring Belgium independent, releasing the Belgian soldiers from their allegiance, and calling upon them to abandon the Dutch standard. They were obeyed. The revolt, which had been confined mainly to the
1901:
3337:
Without a doubt, among the settlers were not only
Germans, be they Teutonici from Southern Germany or Saxons from Middle and Northern Germany but also Romanic people from the western regions of the then German Empire. One of the earliest documents on Transylvanian Saxons points at Flandrenses who had
1639:
in
Finland were established by Walloons. Walloons largely used the same methods as in Sweden, although Walloon forging was not used, instead Walloon smiths used the German method. As in Sweden, the Walloon population in Finland eventually integrated to the wider society. Former Finnish prime minister
1263:
It is clear from the quantitative analysis that an overwhelming majority of revolutionaries were domiciled in
Brussels or in the nearby suburbs and that the aid came from outside was minimal. For example, for the day of 23 September, 88% of dead and wounded lived in Brussels identified and if we add
3136:
Neben
Flandern, Brüssel und der Wallonie möchten sie ein eigenständiger Bestandteil, eine autonome gliedstaatliche Körperschaft, eine eigene „Gemeinschaft/Region“ bleiben, die für alle Gemeinschaftszuständigkeiten und jene regionalen Zuständigkeiten verantwortlich ist, die sie eigenverantwortlich
877:
pointed out in 1989 that 71.8% of the younger people of
Wallonia understand and speak only a little or no Walloon language; 17.4% speak it well; and only 10.4% speak it exclusively. Based on other surveys and figures, Laurent Hendschel wrote in 1999 that between 30 and 40% people were bilingual in
3073:
La
Belgique est partagée entre deux peuples, les Wallons et les Flamands. Les premiers parlent la langue française; les seconds la langue flamande. La ligne de démarcation est sensiblement tracée. Ainsi les provinces qui sont en deçà de la ligne wallonne, savoir: la province de Liège, le Brabant
1001:
The royal forces, on the morning of
September 23, entered the city at three gates and advanced as far as the Park. But beyond that point they were unable to proceed, so desperate was the resistance, and such the hail of bullets that met them from barricades and from the windows and roofs of the
2695:
From 1 January 2009, "Wallonia-Brussels International (WBI) "will further enhance the visibility of Wallonia-Brussels international activities, both in Belgium and abroad. WBI will pool all of the international relations work of the French Community, the Walloon Region and the French Community
746:
as a term of convenience for all Belgian French-speakers (even those born and living in the Brussels-Capital Region). The mixing of the population over the centuries means that most families can trace ancestors on both sides of the linguistic divide. But, the fact that Brussels is around 85%
3074:
wallon la Province de Namur, la Province de Hainaut, sont wallonnes Et celles qui sont au-delà de la ligne sont flamandes. Ce n'est point ici une division arbitraire ou un plan fait d'imagination pour appuyer une opinion ou créer un système; c'est une vérité de fait...
1081:(pp. 93–117), before writing "On the 6th October, the whole Wallonia is free", he quotes the following municipalities from which volunteers were going to Brussels, the "centre of the commotion", in order to take part in the battle against the Dutch troops:
977:, now no longer an Austrian Province, compose the Walloon country. The Walloon name and language are also extended into the adjacent districts of the neighbouring Provinces. A large part of Brabant, where that Province borders on Haynault and Namur, is named
1289:
in 1830, the historian Louis Dewez underlined that "Belgium is shared into two people, Walloons and Flemings. The former are speaking French, the latter are speaking Flemish. The border is clear (...) The provinces which are back the Walloon line, i.e.: the
952:
says, "At this time, the Walloons the inhabitants of the area, now in south Belgium, still known as the 'Pays wallon'." Albert Henry agrees, quoting Maurice Piron, also quoted by A.J. Hoenselaars: "'Walloon' meaning 'Walloon country' in Shakespeare's
705:
Later, this was complicated by the federal structure given to Belgium, which splits Belgium into three communities with the privilege of using their own tongues in official correspondence, but also into three autonomous regions. The communities are:
774:, the people reinstated French after achieving independence in 1830. The Walloon region, a major coal and steel-producing area, developed rapidly into the economic powerhouse of the country. Walloons (in fact French-speaking elites who were called
940:), which the Latin speaking are not able to pronounce without changing the word by the use of the letter G." One of the best translations of his (humorous) sayings used daily in Wallonia is "These are strange times we are living in."
2614:
Le pays wallon comprenait la plus grande partie de ce qui forme aujourd'hui la Belgique,la Flandre occidentale et orientale, dites ensemble Flandre wallonne, la province de Namur, le Hainaut, le pays de Liège, le Limbourg et même le
1342:
want to remain a federating unit, and to have all the powers of the Belgian Regions and Communities. Even if they do not want them absolutely and immediately (10 July 2008, official speech for the Flanders' national holiday).
878:
Wallonia (Walloon, Picard), among them 10% of the younger population (18–30 years old). According to Hendschel, there are 36 to 58% of young people have a passive knowledge of the regional languages. On the other hand,
2952:
tension entre l'autorité communale bruxelloise et le pouvoir hollandais dans un premier temps, et une diffusion de la colère dans le reste du pays -notamment dans les principales villes wallonnes - dans un deuxième
1939:
408:
687:, the region has been separated between many city-states and external powers. Such changing rule brought variations to borders, culture, and language. The Walloon language, widespread in use up until the
1306:
are Walloon And the other provinces throughout the line are Flemish. It is not an arbitrarian division or an imagined combination in order to support an opinion or create a system: it is a fact..."
932:
were travelling the length and breadth of the earth, it happened that they asked each other: 'Où allons-nous?' , i.e. 'To which goal are we walking?.' It is probable they took from it the name
2310:
2556:
Philippi II, Koenigs in Spanien, Reise aus Spanien nach Genos, und dann ferner durch Italien und Teutschland ins Wulland, und von dannen herauf in die Stadt Augsburg von anno 1549 bis 1551
2545:
Het naembouck van 1562, Tweede druk van het Nederlands - Frans Woordenboek van Hoos Lambrech, published by R.Verdeyen, Liège-Paris, 1945, p.221. (from Albert Henry, opus citatus, p.81)
1592:
and refining. Walloon methods of iron production were incorporated into Swedish practice, to supplement the existing German techniques. Many Walloon workers settled around the mine at
834:
is an element of Walloon identity. However, the entire French-speaking population of Wallonia cannot be culturally considered Walloon, since a significant portion in the west (around
2526:évoque (...) une réalité politique et administrative constitutionnellement reconnue (...) En 1830, et au cours des années qui suivirent, on avait continué à se servir des expressions
533:. Its meaning narrowed yet again during the French and Dutch periods and, at Belgian independence, the term designated only Belgians speaking a Romance language (French, Walloon,
488:
When understood as a regional identification, the ethnonym is also extended to refer to the inhabitants of the Walloon region in general, regardless of ethnicity or ancestry.
1619:. The wave of migration continued substantially into the 18th century. Walloon ancestry is traceable through Walloon surnames. Some people of Walloon descent belong to the
3139:
339:
Canadian census does not differentiate between Belgians and Walloons, therefore the number of the latter is unknown and indeterminable. In 2011, 176,615 respondents stated
1276:, he said that "patriotism Belgian is the son of the revolution of 1830.." Only in the following years as bourgeois revolutionary will "legitimize ideological state power.
639:
2700:
997:
municipality which was secondly disseminated in the rest of the country, "particularly in the Walloon provinces". We read the nearly same opinion in Edmundson's book:
2485:
Au concept sentimental, linguistique et culturel s'est ajouté peu à peu, par la suite de l'évolution intérieure en Belgique, depuis 1880 surtout, un contenu politique
1049:
was under the Provisional Government's control. In the Flemish part of the country the collapse of the Royal Government was as total and quick as in Wallonia, except
3056:
778:) became politically dominant. Many Flemish immigrants came to work in Wallonia. Between the 1930s and the 1970s, the gradual decline of steel and more especially
1518:
in Poland, respectively, and there is a possibility that it was Bishop Walter who brought the first Walloon settlers to Poland. In the early 13th century Duke
3832:
3797:
3763:
3737:
3715:
3693:
3671:
3649:
3623:
3601:
3579:
3557:
3535:
2562:, Augsburg, 1571, 4to. Published by Par John Pinkerton; Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, 1814, see the translation of Wulland in the English Wallonia p. 89
1179:(p. 109) and he concluded: "So, from the Walloon little towns and countryside, people came to the capital.." The Dutch fortresses were liberated in
2307:
2560:
Journey and Voyage of Philipp II, from Spain to Genos, and then further through Italy and Germany into Wallonia and to hence into the City of Augsburg
747:
French-speaking, but is located in Dutch-speaking Flanders, has led to friction between the regions and communities. The local dialect in Brussels,
2622:
1515:
3665:
1338:. Many of the 60,000 or so inhabitants of this very small community reject being considered as Walloon and – with their community executive leader
762:
in Continental Europe in the early 19th century. In modern history, Brussels has been the major town or the capital of the region. Because of long
537:, etc.) The linguistic cleavage in the politics of Belgium adds a political content to "the emotional cultural, and linguistic concept". The words
698:, aiming to assert the identity of Walloons as French-speaking (rather than Walloon speaking) people of Belgium. In this context, the concept of
1259:(only liberated on 17 October and 27 October). Against these interpretation, in any case for the troubles in Brussels, John W. Rooney Jr wrote:
3219:
3253:
3189:
2873:
477:
In modern Belgium, Walloons are, by law, termed a "distinctive linguistic and ethnic community" within the country, as are the neighbouring
3874:
1527:
1327:
719:
3394:
916:
Ouallonnes enim a Belgis appelamur , quod Gallis veteribus contigit, quuum orbem terrarum peragrarent, ac mutuo interrogantes qaererent
1020:
1511:
920:, id est quonam profiscimur? ex eo credibile est Ouallones appellatos quod Latini sua lingua nunquam efferunt, sed g lettera utuntur.
3516:
3496:
3382:
3349:
3273:
3205:
3181:
2993:
2907:
2865:
2783:
771:
1728:
2897:
2005:
347:
who may also identify as Belgian even though the census differentiates between the two. They may also be inclined to identify as
3825:
2697:
627:
3423:
3395:"Swedish Economic History and the 'New Atlantic Economy', Paper, presented at the "Economic History Society Annual Conference"
1015:
4070:
4013:
2732:
2445:
2411:
3805:
1701:
1608:
2850:
330:
U.S. population census does not differentiate between Belgians and Walloons, therefore the number of the latter is unknown.
3053:
1668:
1583:
1503:
1429:
630:
solutions for the problems and tensions among the different segments of the Belgian population, mostly Dutch-speakers of
3358:
4160:
3972:
3956:
3377:(Ouvrage publié avec l'aide du Fonds national de la recherche scientifique), Fondation wallonne, Louvain-la-neuve, 2003
1987:(1580–1638), purchased the island of Manhattan from the Native Americans for 60 guilders and founded what would become
1418:(Françoise L'Empereur found 700 Walloon family names in the phone books of these towns). The Walloon population of the
946:
used the word Walloon: "A base Walloon, to win the Dauphin's grace/Thrust Talbot with a spear in the back." A note in
3595:
3078:
Cours d'histoire de Belgique contenant les leçons publiques données au musée des Lettres ert des Sciences de Bruxelles
707:
56:
3664:
1588:
Starting from the 1620s, numerous Walloon miners and iron-workers, with their families, settled in Sweden to work in
1268:
said that there were neither in 1830 nor nation Belgian national sentiment within the population. The revolutionary
4058:
3936:
3818:
2437:
2403:
1632:
691:, has been dying out of common use due in part to its prohibition by the public school system, in favor of French.
1069:
is in the forefront of the battle for liberty", more than Brussels but with Brussels. He wrote the same thing for
3926:
3687:
2463:
2077:
1657:
2830:
1491:
probably since the 12th century, however, the first written mention of Walloon immigrants in Wrocław comes from
4155:
3140:
Ansprache von Karl-Heinz Lambertz, Ministerpräsident der Deutschsprachigen Gemeinschaft Belgiens, 10. Juli 2008
2567:
Many of which are Now First Translated Into English. Digested on a New Plan, Copy of the University of Michigan
525:
alongside other related terms, but it supplanted them. Its oldest written trace is found in Jean de Haynin's
4150:
4129:
4107:
2857:
2666:
1471:
in the city. The Walloons traded for materials they lacked, such as copper, found in Germany, especially at
623:
609:
422:
2491:, Institut Jules Destrée, Coll. «Notre histoire», Mont-sur-Marchienne, 1990, 3rd ed. (1st ed. 1965), p. 14.
1601:
2038:
1916:
1752:
1717:
1530:
to the south of Wrocław, and some descendants of Walloons from Wrocław also moved to Oława, Wierzbno, and
1395:
1062:
655:
557:
530:
257:
1315:
4065:
4023:
3529:
3398:
2225:
1999:
1635:. Some also came directly from Wallonia. Most of them settled along the coast in ironworks. Many of the
1499:
1352:
1269:
759:
2141:
1026:
2371:
1797:
4112:
4003:
3993:
3988:
3931:
3921:
3898:
3782:
2504:, Whittaker, London, 1835, p. 308, see also, pp. 5, 45, 266, 307 where the same word as in French -
1933:
1707:
1407:
1399:
1007:
3223:
2938:
Sketches of the History of the Austrian Netherlands: With Remarks on the Constitution, Commerce, ...
2589:
2565:
A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World:
1770:
1174:
4050:
4042:
4028:
3757:
3643:
3617:
2911:
2083:
2034:
1981:(born 1975), prime minister of Belgium (2014-2019) and president of the European Council since 2019
1947:
1925:
1833:
1829:
1672:
1631:
During the 17th century Walloons from Sweden started arriving in Finland, during which Finland was
1403:
1387:
1339:
1011:
684:
209:
3573:
1743:
454:
186:
3893:
3551:
2188:
1547:
1286:
990:
730:(including the German community but generally called Wallonia), and the bilingual (French-Dutch)
569:
2089:
1965:
1851:
1616:
1094:
3402:
1169:
1118:
4008:
3998:
3946:
3731:
3709:
3512:
3492:
3378:
3345:
3269:
3249:
3201:
3185:
3177:
2989:
2903:
2869:
2861:
2779:
2441:
2407:
2166:
2147:
1943:
1866:
1692:
1593:
1550:, now central and north-western Romania, also included numerous Walloons. Place names such as
1519:
1423:
1383:
1291:
1220:
1207:(5 October) (with people who came in their thousands).The same day that was also the case for
767:
715:
680:
522:
770:. After a brief period with Dutch as the official language while the region was part of the
4091:
4075:
3951:
3941:
3119:
2290:
2219:
2203:
2123:
2095:
2068:
1953:
1878:
1861:
1819:
1774:
1764:
1747:
1597:
1411:
1391:
1303:
1149:
981:. The affinity of language seems also on some occasions to have wrought a nearer relation."
966:
954:
948:
859:
855:
831:
695:
688:
508:
482:
467:
414:
363:
348:
268:
194:
47:
2715:
4018:
3362:
3060:
2704:
2213:
1857:
1839:
1806:
1779:
1375:
1295:
1248:
1058:
1030:
978:
863:
847:
534:
471:
463:
401:
393:
226:
204:
199:
2231:
1993:
1845:
3787:
3686:
3105:
2509:
1570:
1467:, the Walloons were the most important foreign community, as noted by three roads named
4122:
3905:
3864:
2270:
2265:
2072:
2043:
2028:
1978:
1969:
1872:
1696:
1641:
1419:
1334:, in the east of the region, next to Germany which ceded the area to Belgium after the
1307:
1299:
1265:
1165:
1003:
970:
723:
478:
474:, with a historical minority of Protestantism which dates back to the Reformation era.
459:
301:
237:
180:
2973:
4144:
4117:
3792:
3638:
2314:
2248:
2244:
2197:
2172:
2160:
2135:
2056:
2018:
1988:
1973:
1929:
1758:
1713:
1575:
1273:
1208:
1184:
1161:
867:
839:
311:
291:
276:
231:
116:
2346:
556:
evoked a constitutional reality, it originally referred to Roman populations of the
3594:
2178:
2062:
1984:
1959:
1737:
1543:
1415:
1366:
1114:
672:
425:
296:
261:
2736:
3208:
2935:
2795:
2563:
2431:
2397:
912:
made a funny play on words which has been well known in Wallonia to the present:
722:. The division into political regions does not correspond with the communities:
3752:
3137:
gestalten will. Und auch wenn sie diese nicht unbedingt und unmittelbar fordert.
2184:
2129:
1884:
1589:
1335:
1212:
1141:
943:
779:
449:
244:
3528:
42:
3353:
2207:
2086:(1894–1966), originator of the "Big Bang" theory of the origin of the universe
1956:(1906–1994), Belgian Rexist politician, leader of Waffen SS Walloon contingent
1908:
1683:
This list includes people from the region before it became known as Wallonia.
1653:
1488:
1244:
909:
897:
851:
843:
588:. In English, it is Walloon country (see further James Shaw). In French it is
445:
3436:
2433:
One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups
2399:
One Europe, Many Nations: A Historical Dictionary of European National Groups
572:, and later Wallonia. The term 'Walloon country' was also used in Dutch viz.
3462:
2106:
1888:
1636:
1559:
1371:
1204:
1137:
1133:
799:
752:
2418:
The Walloons are a Latin people, the most northerly of the Latin peoples...
1531:
1123:
638:. In general, Belgium evolved from a unitary state to a federal state with
3642:
3616:
2065:(1870–1961), recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (1919)
3841:
2260:
2022:
1996:(1911–1962), syndicalist, leader of the longest general strike in Belgium
1823:
1523:
1456:
1224:
1200:
1157:
1145:
1129:
1102:
1066:
1046:
1038:
1034:
994:
886:
819:
815:
731:
727:
699:
664:
635:
631:
605:
581:
580:
in Hans Heyst's 1571 book, where that word is later (1814) translated to
433:
429:
344:
17:
3801:. Vol. 28 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 286.
3550:
1534:. The guild of Walloon clothiers in Wrocław ceased to exist after 1422.
1784:
1612:
1507:
1464:
1379:
1256:
1192:
1188:
1098:
1082:
1077:
at the head of the Belgian revolution. In this chapter VI of his book,
1054:
835:
619:
441:
306:
286:
281:
98:
3666:"Clerfayt, François Sebastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of"
3756:
3730:
3708:
3294:
Zientara, Benedykt (1975). "Walonowie na Śląsku w XII i XIII wieku".
3094:. pp. 35, 120, 139, 172, 287, 297, 300, 347, 401, 439, 455, 468.
2110:
2102:
1962:, (born 1951) the first Belgian Prime Minister of non-Belgian descent
1484:
1472:
1448:
1357:
1236:
1228:
1216:
1196:
1110:
1106:
1070:
974:
929:
803:
795:
676:
437:
164:
140:
62:
3572:
1191:(2 October), Namur (4 October) (with the help of people coming from
3151:
1900:
1422:
have historically spoken a distinctive dialect of Walloon known as
1272:
ensures that "the feeling of national unity is born today." As for
27:
French-speaking people who live in Belgium, principally in Wallonia
2031:(1626–1704), Franciscan Recollet order missionary and US explorer.
1569:
1444:
1331:
1252:
1240:
1232:
1153:
1090:
1086:
1050:
879:
807:
791:
763:
668:
654:
512:
503:
264:
2910:, a mistake with the inverted figures of 1492, in fact 1429 (the
2663:"Belgium is a federal State composed of Communities and Regions."
343:; this figure definitely includes a substantial number of ethnic
2633:
French "En ce qui concerne les termes employés pour désigner la
2008:(1559–1632), Catholic League commander in the Thirty Years' War.
3814:
3786:
3200:
Robin D. Gwynn, Huguenot Heritage, Sussex Academic Press, 2001
2716:"Walloons pioneered the industrial revolution in the Continent"
2530:, cette dernière déjà employée au seizième siècle, au moins et
2247:(1603–1681/82), early American colonist and progenitor of the
2092:(1888–1970), small arms engineer, designer of the FN FAL rifle
1695:, (1852–1929), a wealthy engineer and entrepreneur; built the
1452:
1180:
811:
1940:
François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt
1463:(Walloons' neighborhoods) were founded in certain cities. In
1314:
his interest for Wallonia and the Walloons (this page on the
702:, as a heartland of the Walloon people was invented in 1886.
378:
3172:
Paul R. Magocsi (Multicultural History Society of Ontario),
2888:, Académie de langue et de littérature françaises, 42 (1964)
2169:, Jean-Peirre Dardenne (born 1951), Luc Dardenne (born 1954)
1310:
traveled in Wallonia in 1840 and mentions many times in his
3810:
3344:, Taschenbuch - 304 Seiten (1998) Langen-Müller, München.;
1483:
Walloons were one of the first foreign immigrant groups in
3220:"1852: Emigration of the farmers from Brabant and Hesbaye"
1755:(ca.1473 – ca.1525), early Renaissance poet and historian.
1675:
quoted in the important books about the region's history.
710:(though not Walloon, but sometimes controversially called
369:
1716:(1838–1922), invented the Solvay process and founded the
1542:
In the 13th century, the medieval German colonization of
993:
was recently described as firstly a conflict between the
3355:
The History of Transylvania and the Transylvanian Saxons
2002:(1902–1983), second President of the European Commission
1848:, (1822–1890) a Romantic composer, pianist and organist.
1443:
Since the 11th century, the great towns along the river
560:
and was also used to designate a territory by the terms
3697:. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 976–977.
3605:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 583–584.
1860:, (born 1952) harmonica player for American blues band
758:
Walloons are historically credited with pioneering the
659:
Location of Wallonia in Belgium and Europe (dark green)
3463:"Suomen rautaruukkien vallonit 1600- ja 1700-luvuilla"
2327:
Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (8 May 2013).
2046:(1910–1969), recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (1958)
1704:, (1587–1652) merchant, industrialist and slave trader
1382:
answered the call of the New World from 1852 to 1856.
1326:
The Walloon Region institutionally comprises also the
2972:
Cambridge at the University Press, 1922, pp. 389-404
2653:, 6th edition, Charleroi, 1993, p.120, DL/1993/0276/1
2101:
Ernest Vervier, small arms engineer, designer of the
1611:, who commissioned them to work in the iron mines of
846:) possess other languages as mother tongues (namely,
529:
in 1465, where it refers to Roman populations of the
384:
381:
366:
3375:
De fer et de feu l'émigration wallonne vers la Suède
2534:
plus rarement attestées avant le dix-huitième siècle
1073:. According to Demoulin, these three cities are the
1045:
Jacques Logie wrote: "On the 6th October, the whole
842:) and smaller portions in the extreme south (around
755:
dialect, reflecting the Dutch heritage of the city.
742:
Many non-French-speaking observers (over)generalize
375:
4100:
4084:
4041:
3981:
3965:
3914:
3883:
3857:
3848:
3583:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. pp. 3–4.
2228:(1399 or 1400–1464) or Roger de la Pasture, painter
1773:(1836–1900),(in the French Wiki) playwright in the
1227:, the Dutch troops capitulated at the same time in
928:by the Belgians because when the ancient people of
372:
250:
219:
174:
154:
131:
107:
89:
84:
69:
3741:. Vol. 11 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 412.
3627:. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 258.
3539:. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 408.
3080:, tome II, pp. 152-153, JP Méline, Bruxelles, 1833
1522:invited further Walloon immigrants to the area of
552:Albert Henry wrote that although in 1988 the word
3767:. Vol. 23 (11th ed.). pp. 718–719.
3719:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 225.
3675:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 496.
3653:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). pp. 172–173.
3561:. Vol. 3 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 948.
3176:, University of Toronto Press, 1999, pp. 257-270
3008:, La Renaissance du Livre, Bruxelles, 1950, p. 93
1710:(1845–1905), founder of Compagnie des wagons lits
738:Brussels - not Walloon and mostly French-speaking
527:Mémoires de Jean, sire de Haynin et de Louvignies
3491:, Privat, Toulouse, 2004, pages 233-276, p. 246
592:. For Félix Rousseau, Walloon country is, after
568:(Walloon country), from the 16th century to the
2955:Bruno Demoulin and Jean-Louis Kupper (editors)
2941:, London: G. G. J. and J. Robinson, 1786, p. 64
1374:: it is estimated that between 5,000 and 7,500
1322:Relationship with the German-speaking community
914:
694:Starting from the end of the 19th century, the
766:and minor French rule, French became the sole
584:in English. In German it is however generally
3826:
2080:(born 1952), biochemist and cancer researcher
1607:They were originally led by the entrepreneur
596:the old name of the country of the Walloons.
8:
2986:1830. De la régionalisation à l'indépendance
2578:Le païs de Valons, Belgolalia, Wallonennland
896:(Let us speak Walloon); and two villages in
622:context indicates a process towards finding
35:
2886:Note sur le sens de Wallon chez Shakespeare
2696:Commission of the Brussels-Capital Region.
1554:(Walloon Village) and family names such as
965:A 1786 history of the Netherlands noted, "
576:. The term existed also in German, perhaps
351:, of which there were as many as 7 million.
3854:
3833:
3819:
3811:
3035:Robert Demoulin, opus citatus, pp. 111-113
2181:, (1897–1994) a Belgian surrealist painter
1842:, (ca.1397 – 1474) Franco-Flemish composer
545:can be seen in the book of Charles White,
55:
41:
34:
3688:"Tilly, Johann Tzerclaes, Count of"
3401:. 31 March – 2 April 2006. Archived from
3342:Siebenbürgen und die Siebenbürger Sachsen
2772:Quelques indices de la vitalité du wallon
2623:Bescherelle, Vol II, 1856, Paris, p. 1664
1968:, (1576–1624) Walloon settler, colonised
1881:(ca.1452 – 1518), Franco-Flemish composer
1869:(ca.1531 – 1594), Franco-Flemish composer
790:The heartland of Walloon culture are the
507:, a Proto-Germanic term used to refer to
3298:(in Polish). No. 66/3. p. 353.
2759:L'identité culturelle des jeunes Wallons
1915:
1907:
1899:
1832:, (1885 — after 1932), soprano with the
1796:
1727:
1558:(Wallon peasant) can be found among the
1498:. In the 12th century, Walloon brothers
3806:Walloon Settlers Monument. Battery Park
2317:American Fact Finder (US Census Bureau)
2282:
1318:), 476 (1851 edition published online)
892:in France, which publishes the journal
640:communities, regions and language areas
2637:au cours des âges, nous avons noté le
2588:, Fondation Plisnier, Bruxelles, 1964
2472:Angles and Britons: O'Donnell Lectures
1761:(1899–1984), poet, writer, and painter
432:and the immediate adjacent regions of
3026:Robert Demoulin, opus citatus, p. 109
2926:, op. cit., note 1, Chapter II, p. 81
2924:Histoire des mots wallons et Wallonie
2489:Histoire des mots Wallons et Wallonie
400:
7:
3596:"Grétry, André Ernest Modeste"
3487:B.Demoulin and JL Kupper (editors),
3266:L'art mosan, introduction historique
3124:Jules Michelet + hIstoire de France.
3050:Revue belge d'histoire contemporaine
3017:Robert Demoulin, opus citatus p. 113
2474:, University of Cardiff Press, 1963.
2175:(ca.1404 – ca.1470), Flemish painter
1328:German-speaking community of Belgium
1016:Emmanuel van der Linden d'Hooghvorst
875:Centre liégeois d'étude de l'opinion
85:Regions with significant populations
3424:Huguenots-Walloons-Europe Archives"
3284:Félix Rousseau, opus citatus, p. 46
2820:Albert Henry, opus citatus, p. 112.
2645:. Il y eut aussi l'expression: les
2452:Romance (Latin) nations... Walloons
1037:districts, now spread rapidly over
900:are historically Walloon-speaking.
2150:(born 1969), table tennis champion
1623:(Society of Walloon Descendants).
25:
2988:, Duculot, Gembloux,1980, p.168,
2187:, (1872–1946) pseudonym for the
2126:(born 1982), professional cyclist
2109:machine guns, co-designer of the
1767:(1896–1952), Prix Goncourt (1937)
1671:in 1983 was a major event of the
1600:which represented 15 per cent of
772:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
61:Walloons wearing Gilles masks in
3530:"Le Maire de Belges, Jean"
3511:, Pire, Bruxelles, 1979, p. 284
3426:, Archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com
3268:, Duculot, Gembloux,1970 p. 44,
3248:, Duculot, Gembloux, pp. 61-68,
3174:Encyclopedia of Canada's Peoples
2098:(1645–1708), hydraulics engineer
2006:Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly
1816:–1460), Franco-Flemish composer.
362:
157:
133:
109:
91:
2698:Wallonia-Brussels International
2021:(1513–1589), theologian of the
1251:(pp. 113–114), but nor in
3246:Les Wallons d'Amérique du Nord
2778:pp 114-134, Quorum, Gerpinnes
2200:(1810–1887) a Belgian painter.
2037:(ca.1192 – 1258), promoter of
1928:(ca.1060–1100), leader of the
1510:served as Catholic bishops of
985:The Belgian revolution of 1830
961:Walloons and the Enlightenment
1:
2735:. Cleo-ulg.be. Archived from
2733:"Centre d'étude de l'opinion"
2621:Paris, 1856, Vol II, p. 1664
2502:The Belgic Revolution of 1830
2071:(1826–1901), inventor of the
1887:(1814–1894), inventor of the
1810:
1669:Manifesto for Walloon culture
1584:Walloon immigration to Sweden
1492:
1459:, traded with Germany, where
75:
3054:Profil du combattant de 1830
3046:Profil du combattant de 1830
2582:Le Grand Dictionnaire Royal,
2138:(born 1982), tennis champion
1487:, with Walloons settling in
924:Translation: "We are called
826:Regional language statistics
667:has been settled by various
3644:"Godfrey of Bouillon"
3618:"Sax, Antoine Joseph"
3443:(in Finnish). 15 April 2019
3317:Zientara, pp. 357, 359, 366
2899:Reclamations of Shakespeare
2798:[The Association].
1061:, who was professor at the
904:Walloons in the Renaissance
452:. Walloons primarily speak
4177:
3222:. Uwgb.edu. Archived from
2590:Etudes d'histoire wallonne
2586:Etudes d'histoire wallonne
2438:Greenwood Publishing Group
2404:Greenwood Publishing Group
2216:(1480–1524), Mosan painter
1740:(born 1938), comics author
1651:
1621:Sällskapet Vallonättlingar
1581:
1562:citizens of Transylvania.
885:, several villages in the
603:
334:
325:
3552:"Binchois, Egidius"
2665: – Article 1 of the
2651:La Wallonie, terre romane
2536:, opus citatus, pp. 15-16
2464:John Ronald Reuel Tolkien
2347:"Les Belges à l'étranger"
1904:Godfrey of Bouillon, 1330
1854:(ca.1741–1813), composer.
1746:(1825–1874), poet in the
1658:Huguenots in South Africa
1360:and other parts of Canada
720:German-speaking community
483:Dutch (Germanic) speaking
470:. Walloons are primarily
321:
255:
224:
179:
74:
54:
40:
3875:German-speaking Belgians
3509:La Wallonie son histoire
2856:, (Michael Taylor, ed.)
2619:Dictionnaire Bescherelle
2510:Oxford University's copy
2376:Migrationinformation.org
1648:Walloons in South Africa
1602:Sweden's iron production
1574:Walloon hammersmiths at
1538:Walloons in Transylvania
1353:Département des Ardennes
810:(the regional capital),
718:(which uses Dutch), and
4130:Belgian nationality law
3798:Encyclopædia Britannica
3764:Encyclopædia Britannica
3738:Encyclopædia Britannica
3716:Encyclopædia Britannica
3694:Encyclopædia Britannica
3672:Encyclopædia Britannica
3650:Encyclopædia Britannica
3624:Encyclopædia Britannica
3602:Encyclopædia Britannica
3580:Encyclopædia Britannica
3558:Encyclopædia Britannica
3536:Encyclopædia Britannica
3489:Histoire de la Wallonie
2957:Histoire de la Wallonie
2858:Oxford University Press
2430:Minahan, James (2000).
2396:Minahan, James (2000).
2163:(ca.1375–1444), painter
2144:(born 1959), footballer
2132:(born 1991), footballer
1782:(1903–1989), author of
1644:is of Walloon descent.
1079:Le soulèvement national
1075:républiques municipales
732:Brussels-Capital Region
634:and French-speakers of
610:State reform in Belgium
4085:Gender & sexuality
3758:"Rops, Félicien"
3732:"Gallait, Louis"
3710:"Baius, Michael"
3352:. English translation
3154:. Ardenne-wallonne.org
2974:The History of Holland
2970:The History of Holland
2902:, Rodopi, 1994, p. 24
2234:(1950–2017), filmmaker
2051:Science and technology
1921:
1913:
1905:
1802:
1753:Jean Lemaire de Belges
1733:
1718:Solvay Business School
1579:
1285:A few years after the
1278:
1043:
922:
663:The area now known as
660:
558:Burgundian Netherlands
531:Burgundian Netherlands
418:
397:
3783:Gosse, Edmund William
3574:"Franck, César"
3399:University of Reading
3244:Françoise L'Empereur
3152:"Ardenne-wallone.org"
3052:, T. 12, 1981, p.487
3006:La Révolution de 1830
2851:William Shakespeare,
2602:Un témoignage anglais
2226:Rogier van der Weyden
2222:(1833–1898), painter.
2059:(1903–1983), inventor
1919:
1911:
1903:
1896:Politics and military
1875:(1929–2009), composer
1800:
1732:Georges Simenon, 1963
1731:
1573:
1270:Jean-Baptiste Nothomb
1261:
999:
760:Industrial Revolution
658:
600:Institutional aspects
547:The Belgic Revolution
341:Belgian ethnic origin
251:Related ethnic groups
4113:Languages of Belgium
3405:on 25 September 2006
3296:Przegląd Historyczny
3059:10 June 2007 at the
3044:John W. Rooney Jr.,
2959:opus citatus, p. 239
2667:Belgian Constitution
2604:, opus citatus, p.48
2372:"Migration Data Hub"
2313:12 February 2020 at
2291:"The World Factbook"
2039:feast Corpus Christi
1942:(1733–1798) Walloon
1926:Godfroid de Bouillon
1708:Georges Nagelmackers
1281:In the Belgian State
4161:History of Wallonia
3361:7 July 2004 at the
2776:Qué walon po dmwin?
2739:on 19 December 2014
2703:6 July 2011 at the
2649:." Félix Rousseau,
2647:Provinces wallonnes
2584:Augsbourg, 1767 in
2528:provinces wallonnes
2333:www12.statcan.gc.ca
1932:and first European
1834:Chicago Civic Opera
1771:Édouard Remouchamps
1673:History of Wallonia
1627:Walloons in Finland
1546:, then part of the
1439:Walloons in Germany
1340:Karl-Heinz Lambertz
1316:Culture of Wallonia
1304:Province of Hainaut
1063:University of Liège
685:early modern period
679:settlers. From the
562:provinces wallonnes
37:
4066:Irreligious people
3107:Histoire de France
2522:En 1988, le terme
2297:. 12 January 2022.
2189:Post-Impressionist
2142:Michel Preud'homme
1922:
1914:
1912:Elio Di Rupo, 2012
1906:
1803:
1744:Nicolas Defrêcheux
1734:
1580:
1566:Walloons in Sweden
1548:Kingdom of Hungary
1479:Walloons in Poland
1287:Belgian revolution
1136:(and its region),
991:Belgian revolution
661:
646:Conceptual aspects
570:Belgian revolution
4138:
4137:
4037:
4036:
3437:"VALLONIHISTORIA"
3254:978-2-8011-0085-1
3226:on 2 January 2009
3190:978-0-8020-2938-6
3092:History of France
3090:Michelet, Jules.
2968:George Edmundson
2876:, p.104, note 137
2874:978-0-19-818392-1
2635:Terre des Wallons
2468:English and Welsh
2167:Dardenne brothers
2148:Jean-Michel Saive
1934:King of Jerusalem
1867:Orlande de Lassus
1520:Henry the Bearded
1424:Wisconsin Walloon
1312:History of France
1300:Province of Namur
1292:Province of Liège
1183:( 27 September),
768:official language
716:Flemish community
712:Wallonia-Brussels
681:early Middle Ages
523:Romance languages
355:
354:
150:
16:(Redirected from
4168:
4043:Religious groups
3855:
3835:
3828:
3821:
3812:
3802:
3790:
3788:"Walloons"
3769:
3768:
3760:
3749:
3743:
3742:
3734:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3712:
3705:
3699:
3698:
3690:
3683:
3677:
3676:
3668:
3661:
3655:
3654:
3646:
3635:
3629:
3628:
3620:
3613:
3607:
3606:
3598:
3591:
3585:
3584:
3576:
3569:
3563:
3562:
3554:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3532:
3525:
3519:
3505:
3499:
3485:
3479:
3478:
3476:
3474:
3459:
3453:
3452:
3450:
3448:
3433:
3427:
3421:
3415:
3414:
3412:
3410:
3391:
3385:
3371:
3365:
3335:Konrad Gündisch
3333:
3327:
3326:Zientara, p. 367
3324:
3318:
3315:
3309:
3308:Zientara, p. 354
3306:
3300:
3299:
3291:
3285:
3282:
3276:
3264:Félix Rousseau,
3262:
3256:
3242:
3236:
3235:
3233:
3231:
3216:
3210:
3198:
3192:
3170:
3164:
3163:
3161:
3159:
3148:
3142:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3120:Internet Archive
3117:
3115:
3110:. Chamerot. 1861
3102:
3096:
3095:
3087:
3081:
3069:
3063:
3042:
3036:
3033:
3027:
3024:
3018:
3015:
3009:
3004:RobertDemoulin,
3002:
2996:
2982:
2976:
2966:
2960:
2948:
2942:
2933:
2927:
2921:
2915:
2912:Siege of Orléans
2895:
2889:
2883:
2877:
2853:Henry VI, Part 1
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2827:
2821:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2809:
2807:
2800:Ardenne Wallonne
2792:
2786:
2768:
2762:
2755:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2744:
2729:
2723:
2713:
2707:
2693:
2687:
2684:
2678:
2675:
2669:
2660:
2654:
2631:
2625:
2611:
2605:
2598:
2592:
2575:
2569:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2518:
2512:
2498:
2492:
2481:
2475:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2427:
2421:
2420:
2393:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2382:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2359:
2357:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2324:
2318:
2305:
2299:
2298:
2287:
2193:Louis Dewachter,
2124:Philippe Gilbert
2096:Rennequin Sualem
2084:Georges Lemaître
2035:Juliana of Liège
1948:Seven Years' War
1879:Pierre de la Rue
1862:Mississippi Heat
1830:Alice D'Hermanoy
1822:(ca.1370–1412),
1820:Johannes Ciconia
1815:
1812:
1788:and other novels
1775:Walloon language
1765:Charles Plisnier
1748:Walloon language
1497:
1494:
1347:Walloon diaspora
1187:(29 September),
1178:
1127:
1024:
949:Henry VI, Part I
873:A survey of the
832:Walloon language
786:Walloon identity
708:French community
696:Walloon Movement
689:Second World War
500:is derived from
412:
411:
410:
404:
391:
390:
387:
386:
383:
380:
377:
374:
371:
368:
338:
329:
269:Germanic peoples
167:
163:
161:
160:
148:
139:
137:
136:
125:352,630 Belgians
115:
113:
112:
97:
95:
94:
77:
70:Total population
59:
48:Flag of Wallonia
45:
38:
21:
4176:
4175:
4171:
4170:
4169:
4167:
4166:
4165:
4156:Romance peoples
4141:
4140:
4139:
4134:
4096:
4080:
4033:
3977:
3961:
3910:
3890:North Africans
3879:
3850:
3844:
3839:
3781:
3778:
3773:
3772:
3751:
3750:
3746:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3663:
3662:
3658:
3637:
3636:
3632:
3615:
3614:
3610:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3571:
3570:
3566:
3549:
3548:
3544:
3527:
3526:
3522:
3506:
3502:
3486:
3482:
3472:
3470:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3446:
3444:
3435:
3434:
3430:
3422:
3418:
3408:
3406:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3372:
3368:
3363:Wayback Machine
3334:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3316:
3312:
3307:
3303:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3283:
3279:
3263:
3259:
3243:
3239:
3229:
3227:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3199:
3195:
3171:
3167:
3157:
3155:
3150:
3149:
3145:
3134:
3130:
3113:
3111:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3070:
3066:
3061:Wayback Machine
3043:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3016:
3012:
3003:
2999:
2984:Jacques Logie,
2983:
2979:
2967:
2963:
2949:
2945:
2934:
2930:
2922:
2918:
2896:
2892:
2884:
2880:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2831:"Wallons-nous?"
2829:
2828:
2824:
2819:
2815:
2805:
2803:
2796:"L'association"
2794:
2793:
2789:
2769:
2765:
2756:
2752:
2742:
2740:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2714:
2710:
2705:Wayback Machine
2694:
2690:
2685:
2681:
2676:
2672:
2661:
2657:
2632:
2628:
2612:
2608:
2599:
2595:
2576:
2572:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2519:
2515:
2500:Charles White,
2499:
2495:
2482:
2478:
2462:
2458:
2448:
2440:. p. 776.
2429:
2428:
2424:
2414:
2406:. p. 739.
2395:
2394:
2390:
2380:
2378:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2355:
2353:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2326:
2325:
2321:
2306:
2302:
2289:
2288:
2284:
2279:
2257:
2241:
2214:Joachim Patinir
2157:
2120:
2090:Dieudonné Saive
2053:
2015:
1966:Jessé de Forest
1946:soldier in the
1898:
1858:Pierre Lacocque
1840:Guillaume Dufay
1813:
1807:Gilles Binchois
1795:
1780:Georges Simenon
1726:
1689:
1681:
1679:Famous Walloons
1665:
1663:Walloon culture
1660:
1652:Main articles:
1650:
1629:
1586:
1568:
1540:
1495:
1481:
1447:, for example,
1441:
1349:
1336:First World War
1324:
1283:
1249:Geeraardsbergen
1172:
1160:(p. 108),
1144:(p. 107),
1132:(p. 106),
1121:
1095:Braine-l'Alleud
1059:Robert Demoulin
1031:Louis de Potter
1027:Félix de Mérode
1018:
987:
979:Walloon Brabant
963:
906:
828:
798:river valleys,
788:
740:
653:
648:
612:
604:Main articles:
602:
494:
407:
406:
405:
402:[walɔ̃]
365:
361:
332:
331:
323:
322:
317:
271:
242:
230:
215:
183:
158:
156:
155:
134:
132:
122:
110:
108:
92:
90:
65:
50:
33:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4174:
4172:
4164:
4163:
4158:
4153:
4151:Walloon people
4143:
4142:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4126:
4125:
4123:Belgian French
4120:
4110:
4104:
4102:
4098:
4097:
4095:
4094:
4088:
4086:
4082:
4081:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4053:
4047:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3985:
3983:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3969:
3967:
3963:
3962:
3960:
3959:
3954:
3949:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3918:
3916:
3912:
3911:
3909:
3908:
3906:Black Belgians
3903:
3902:
3901:
3896:
3887:
3885:
3881:
3880:
3878:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3861:
3859:
3852:
3846:
3845:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3830:
3823:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3803:
3793:Chisholm, Hugh
3777:
3776:External links
3774:
3771:
3770:
3744:
3722:
3700:
3678:
3656:
3639:Barker, Ernest
3630:
3608:
3586:
3564:
3542:
3520:
3507:Hervé Hasquin,
3500:
3480:
3454:
3428:
3416:
3386:
3366:
3328:
3319:
3310:
3301:
3286:
3277:
3257:
3237:
3211:
3193:
3165:
3143:
3128:
3097:
3082:
3064:
3037:
3028:
3019:
3010:
2997:
2977:
2961:
2943:
2928:
2916:
2890:
2878:
2843:
2822:
2813:
2787:
2763:
2757:Lucy Baugnet,
2750:
2724:
2708:
2688:
2679:
2670:
2655:
2626:
2606:
2600:Albert Henry,
2593:
2570:
2547:
2538:
2520:Albert Henry,
2513:
2493:
2487:Albert Henry,
2476:
2456:
2446:
2422:
2412:
2388:
2363:
2338:
2319:
2308:Results
2300:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2271:Walloon church
2268:
2266:Flemish people
2263:
2256:
2253:
2252:
2251:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2201:
2195:
2182:
2176:
2170:
2164:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2151:
2145:
2139:
2133:
2127:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2081:
2075:
2073:Gramme machine
2066:
2060:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2047:
2044:Dominique Pire
2041:
2032:
2029:Louis Hennepin
2026:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2003:
1997:
1991:
1982:
1979:Charles Michel
1976:
1970:New Netherland
1963:
1957:
1951:
1937:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1892:
1882:
1876:
1873:Henri Pousseur
1870:
1864:
1855:
1849:
1843:
1837:
1827:
1817:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1789:
1777:
1768:
1762:
1756:
1750:
1741:
1725:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1693:Édouard Empain
1688:
1685:
1680:
1677:
1664:
1661:
1649:
1646:
1642:Paavo Lipponen
1633:part of Sweden
1628:
1625:
1604:at that time.
1582:Main article:
1567:
1564:
1539:
1536:
1480:
1477:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1432:
1427:
1420:Door Peninsula
1369:
1364:
1363:United Kingdom
1361:
1355:
1348:
1345:
1323:
1320:
1308:Jules Michelet
1296:Brabant wallon
1282:
1279:
1266:Charles Rogier
1166:Saint-Ghislain
1093:(p. 105)
1004:Charles Rogier
986:
983:
962:
959:
918:où allons-nous
905:
902:
894:Causons wallon
827:
824:
787:
784:
749:Brussels Vloms
739:
736:
728:Walloon Region
724:Flemish Region
652:
649:
647:
644:
624:constitutional
601:
598:
590:le Pays wallon
521:originated in
493:
490:
472:Roman Catholic
460:Belgian French
353:
352:
319:
318:
316:
315:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
272:
253:
252:
248:
247:
238:Walloon church
227:Roman Catholic
222:
221:
217:
216:
214:
213:
207:
202:
197:
190:
181:Walloon French
177:
176:
172:
171:
168:
152:
151:
143:
129:
128:
121:Indeterminable
119:
105:
104:
101:
87:
86:
82:
81:
72:
71:
67:
66:
60:
52:
51:
46:
31:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4173:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4148:
4146:
4131:
4128:
4124:
4121:
4119:
4118:Belgian Dutch
4116:
4115:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4103:
4099:
4093:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4083:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4056:
4054:
4052:
4049:
4048:
4046:
4044:
4040:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3980:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3964:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3919:
3917:
3913:
3907:
3904:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3889:
3888:
3886:
3882:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3862:
3860:
3856:
3853:
3847:
3843:
3836:
3831:
3829:
3824:
3822:
3817:
3816:
3813:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3780:
3779:
3775:
3766:
3765:
3759:
3754:
3748:
3745:
3740:
3739:
3733:
3726:
3723:
3718:
3717:
3711:
3704:
3701:
3696:
3695:
3689:
3682:
3679:
3674:
3673:
3667:
3660:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3645:
3640:
3634:
3631:
3626:
3625:
3619:
3612:
3609:
3604:
3603:
3597:
3590:
3587:
3582:
3581:
3575:
3568:
3565:
3560:
3559:
3553:
3546:
3543:
3538:
3537:
3531:
3524:
3521:
3518:
3517:2-930240-18-0
3514:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3497:2-7089-4779-6
3494:
3490:
3484:
3481:
3468:
3464:
3458:
3455:
3442:
3438:
3432:
3429:
3425:
3420:
3417:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3390:
3387:
3384:
3383:2-9600072-8-X
3380:
3376:
3373:Luc Courtois,
3370:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3350:3-7844-2685-9
3347:
3343:
3339:
3332:
3329:
3323:
3320:
3314:
3311:
3305:
3302:
3297:
3290:
3287:
3281:
3278:
3275:
3274:2-8011-0004-8
3271:
3267:
3261:
3258:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3238:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3207:
3206:1-902210-34-4
3203:
3197:
3194:
3191:
3187:
3183:
3182:0-8020-2938-8
3179:
3175:
3169:
3166:
3153:
3147:
3144:
3141:
3138:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3109:
3108:
3101:
3098:
3093:
3086:
3083:
3079:
3076:Louis Dewez,
3075:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3058:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3041:
3038:
3032:
3029:
3023:
3020:
3014:
3011:
3007:
3001:
2998:
2995:
2994:2-8011-0332-2
2991:
2987:
2981:
2978:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2958:
2954:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2929:
2925:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2908:90-5183-606-6
2905:
2901:
2900:
2894:
2891:
2887:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2871:
2867:
2866:0-19-818392-5
2863:
2859:
2855:
2854:
2847:
2844:
2832:
2826:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2784:2-87399-072-4
2781:
2777:
2774:, in Walloon
2773:
2770:L.Hendschel,
2767:
2764:
2760:
2754:
2751:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2725:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2699:
2692:
2689:
2683:
2680:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2659:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2641:, ensuite le
2640:
2636:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2620:
2616:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2597:
2594:
2591:
2587:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2566:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2465:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2434:
2426:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2409:
2405:
2401:
2400:
2392:
2389:
2377:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2352:
2348:
2342:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2323:
2320:
2316:
2315:archive.today
2312:
2309:
2304:
2301:
2296:
2292:
2286:
2283:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2250:
2249:Delano family
2246:
2245:Philip Delano
2243:
2242:
2238:
2233:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2221:
2220:Félicien Rops
2218:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:(1898–1967),
2205:
2204:René Magritte
2202:
2199:
2198:Louis Gallait
2196:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2183:
2180:
2177:
2174:
2173:Jacques Daret
2171:
2168:
2165:
2162:
2161:Robert Campin
2159:
2158:
2154:
2149:
2146:
2143:
2140:
2137:
2136:Justine Henin
2134:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2112:
2108:
2104:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2088:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:Zénobe Gramme
2067:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2050:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2020:
2019:Michael Baius
2017:
2016:
2012:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1989:New York City
1986:
1985:Pierre Minuit
1983:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1974:New York City
1971:
1967:
1964:
1961:
1958:
1955:
1954:Léon Degrelle
1952:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1931:
1930:First Crusade
1927:
1924:
1923:
1918:
1910:
1902:
1895:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1880:
1877:
1874:
1871:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1825:
1821:
1818:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1792:
1787:
1786:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1759:Henri Michaux
1757:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1742:
1739:
1736:
1735:
1730:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1714:Ernest Solvay
1712:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1702:Louis De Geer
1700:
1698:
1694:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1684:
1678:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1662:
1659:
1655:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1638:
1634:
1626:
1624:
1622:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:Louis de Geer
1605:
1603:
1599:
1598:Öregrund iron
1595:
1591:
1585:
1578:, early 1870s
1577:
1572:
1565:
1563:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1490:
1486:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1470:
1469:Walloonstreet
1466:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1438:
1433:
1431:
1428:
1426:or "Belgian".
1425:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1362:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1274:Joseph Lebeau
1271:
1267:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:Philippeville
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1104:
1100:
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
998:
996:
992:
984:
982:
980:
976:
972:
968:
960:
958:
956:
951:
950:
945:
941:
939:
935:
931:
927:
921:
919:
913:
911:
903:
901:
899:
895:
891:
888:
884:
881:
876:
871:
869:
868:Luxembourgish
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
825:
823:
821:
817:
813:
809:
805:
801:
797:
793:
785:
783:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
756:
754:
750:
745:
737:
735:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
713:
709:
703:
701:
697:
692:
690:
686:
683:up until the
682:
678:
674:
671:and later by
670:
669:Celtic tribes
666:
657:
650:
645:
643:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
611:
607:
599:
597:
595:
594:le Roman pays
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
571:
567:
563:
559:
555:
550:
548:
544:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
514:
510:
506:
505:
499:
491:
489:
486:
484:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
456:
455:langues d'oïl
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
431:
427:
424:
423:Gallo-Romance
420:
416:
409:
403:
399:
395:
389:
359:
350:
346:
342:
337:
336:
328:
327:
320:
313:
312:Luxembourgers
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
293:
290:
288:
285:
283:
280:
278:
274:
273:
270:
266:
263:
259:
254:
249:
246:
243:Increasingly
240:
239:
233:
228:
225:Historically
223:
218:
211:
208:
206:
203:
201:
198:
196:
192:
191:
189:
188:
187:Langues d'oïl
182:
178:
173:
169:
166:
153:
147:
144:
142:
130:
126:
120:
118:
117:United States
106:
102:
100:
88:
83:
80:
79:3.5–4 million
73:
68:
64:
58:
53:
49:
44:
39:
30:
19:
4108:Demographics
3869:
3796:
3762:
3753:Maus, Octave
3747:
3736:
3725:
3714:
3703:
3692:
3681:
3670:
3659:
3648:
3633:
3622:
3611:
3600:
3589:
3578:
3567:
3556:
3545:
3534:
3523:
3508:
3503:
3488:
3483:
3471:. Retrieved
3469:(in Finnish)
3466:
3457:
3445:. Retrieved
3440:
3431:
3419:
3407:. Retrieved
3403:the original
3389:
3374:
3369:
3354:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3322:
3313:
3304:
3295:
3289:
3280:
3265:
3260:
3245:
3240:
3228:. Retrieved
3224:the original
3214:
3196:
3173:
3168:
3156:. Retrieved
3146:
3135:
3131:
3123:
3118:– via
3112:. Retrieved
3106:
3100:
3091:
3085:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3049:
3045:
3040:
3031:
3022:
3013:
3005:
3000:
2985:
2980:
2969:
2964:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2937:
2936:James Shaw,
2931:
2923:
2919:
2898:
2893:
2885:
2881:
2852:
2846:
2834:. Retrieved
2825:
2816:
2804:. Retrieved
2799:
2790:
2775:
2771:
2766:
2761:, Liège 1989
2758:
2753:
2741:. Retrieved
2737:the original
2727:
2722:, 7 Aug 2008
2720:The Guardian
2719:
2711:
2691:
2682:
2673:
2662:
2658:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2629:
2618:
2613:
2609:
2601:
2596:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2573:
2564:
2559:
2555:
2554:Hans Heyst,
2550:
2541:
2533:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2516:
2508:- was used
2505:
2501:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2471:
2467:
2459:
2451:
2432:
2425:
2417:
2398:
2391:
2379:. Retrieved
2375:
2366:
2354:. Retrieved
2350:
2341:
2332:
2322:
2303:
2294:
2285:
2232:Thierry Zéno
2192:
2179:Paul Delvaux
2078:Marc Lacroix
2063:Jules Bordet
1994:André Renard
1960:Elio Di Rupo
1920:Peter Minuit
1852:André Grétry
1846:César Franck
1836:in the 1920s
1801:César Franck
1783:
1738:Raoul Cauvin
1682:
1666:
1630:
1620:
1617:Östergötland
1606:
1587:
1556:Valendorfean
1555:
1551:
1544:Transylvania
1541:
1482:
1468:
1461:Wallengassen
1460:
1442:
1416:Sturgeon Bay
1367:South Africa
1325:
1311:
1284:
1262:
1115:Grez-Doiceau
1078:
1074:
1044:
1008:Van de Weyer
1000:
988:
964:
947:
942:
937:
933:
925:
923:
917:
915:
907:
893:
889:
882:
874:
872:
829:
789:
775:
757:
748:
743:
741:
711:
704:
693:
662:
616:state reform
615:
613:
593:
589:
586:Wallonenland
585:
577:
573:
565:
561:
553:
551:
546:
542:
538:
526:
518:
517:
501:
497:
495:
487:
476:
453:
426:ethnic group
357:
356:
340:
333:
324:
235:
185:
145:
124:
78:
32:Ethnic group
29:
4055:Christians
3441:vallonit.fi
2950:French une
2802:(in French)
2643:Pays wallon
2532:pays wallon
2381:12 December
2356:12 December
2185:Louis Dewis
2155:Visual arts
2130:Eden Hazard
1885:Adolphe Sax
1814: 1400
1697:Paris Métro
1590:iron mining
1496: 1270
1396:Forestville
1376:Brabantines
1213:Mariembourg
1173: [
1142:Lodelinsart
1122: [
1065:, wrote: "
1019: [
944:Shakespeare
890:département
574:Walsch land
566:pays wallon
485:community.
450:Netherlands
245:irreligious
4145:Categories
4024:Portuguese
3973:Surinamese
3957:Vietnamese
3858:Indigenous
3473:26 January
3447:26 January
2639:Roman pays
2615:Luxembourg
2447:0313309841
2413:0313309841
2277:References
2208:Surrealist
2057:Zénon Bacq
1724:Literature
1654:Afrikaners
1596:producing
1576:Lövstabruk
1552:Wallendorf
1500:Aleksander
1380:Hesbignons
1245:Oudenaarde
910:Jean Bodin
898:Luxembourg
852:Champenois
614:The term "
515:speakers.
446:Luxembourg
428:native to
234:minority (
232:Protestant
210:Champenois
149:(Belgians)
4059:Catholics
4051:Buddhists
4004:Georgians
3994:Armenians
3989:Albanians
3932:Filipinos
3922:Assyrians
3899:Moroccans
3409:30 August
2107:FN Minimi
1889:saxophone
1637:ironworks
1594:Dannemora
1408:Luxemburg
1400:Green Bay
1372:Wisconsin
1205:Charleroi
1170:Pâturages
1138:Gosselies
1134:Charleroi
1119:Limelette
1012:Gendebien
800:Charleroi
753:Brabantic
618:" in the
496:The term
492:Etymology
262:romanized
236:see also
184:Regional
175:Languages
103:3,240,000
18:Wallonian
4029:Russians
4014:Italians
3966:Americas
3947:Lebanese
3937:Japanese
3870:Walloons
3865:Flemings
3851:ancestry
3842:Belgians
3785:(1911).
3755:(1911).
3641:(1911).
3467:sssry.fi
3359:Archived
3057:Archived
2701:Archived
2524:Wallonie
2483:French:
2311:Archived
2261:Belgians
2255:See also
2191:painter
2023:Baianism
2013:Religion
2000:Jean Rey
1944:Habsburg
1826:composer
1824:Ars nova
1687:Business
1560:Romanian
1528:Wierzbno
1404:Kewaunee
1388:Brussels
1225:Flanders
1221:Bouillon
1201:Gembloux
1158:Jemappes
1146:Soignies
1130:Nivelles
1103:Jodoigne
1047:Wallonia
1039:Flanders
995:Brussels
967:Haynault
955:Henry VI
934:Ouallons
926:Walloons
908:In 1572
887:Ardennes
816:Verviers
776:Walloons
744:Walloons
700:Wallonia
677:Frankish
665:Wallonia
651:Wallonia
636:Wallonia
632:Flanders
606:Wallonia
582:Wallonia
458:such as
448:and the
434:Flanders
430:Wallonia
421:) are a
358:Walloons
345:Flemings
292:Jèrriais
229:majority
220:Religion
36:Walloons
4076:Muslims
3927:Chinese
3894:Berbers
3795:(ed.).
3230:22 July
3158:22 July
3114:22 July
3071:French
2860:, 2003
2836:22 July
2806:10 June
2743:22 July
2506:Wallons
2295:cia.gov
1785:Maigret
1613:Uppland
1516:Wrocław
1508:Malonne
1489:Wrocław
1465:Cologne
1330:around
1257:Antwerp
1255:nor in
1193:Andenne
1189:Tournai
1099:Genappe
1083:Tournai
1055:Antwerp
1035:Walloon
973:, with
938:Wallons
883:commune
860:Flemish
856:Lorrain
836:Tournai
764:Spanish
751:, is a
620:Belgian
578:Wulland
554:Walloon
543:Wallons
539:Walloon
519:Walloon
498:Walloon
479:Flemish
468:Walloon
442:Germany
415:Walloon
398:Wallons
307:Germans
302:Flemish
287:Normans
282:Romands
258:Romance
205:Lorrain
195:Walloon
170:133,066
146:176,615
99:Belgium
4009:Greeks
3999:Croats
3982:Europe
3884:Africa
3849:Ethnic
3515:
3495:
3381:
3348:
3272:
3252:
3204:
3188:
3180:
2992:
2906:
2872:
2864:
2782:
2444:
2410:
2210:artist
2111:FN FAL
2103:FN MAG
1532:Kraków
1504:Walter
1485:Poland
1473:Goslar
1455:, and
1449:Dinant
1430:Sweden
1384:Algoma
1358:Quebec
1302:, the
1298:, the
1294:, the
1237:Ostend
1229:Bruges
1217:Dinant
1197:Fosses
1111:Rebecq
1107:Perwez
1071:Leuven
975:Artois
957:'..."
930:Gallia
864:German
848:Picard
818:, and
804:Dinant
796:Sambre
535:Picard
509:Celtic
464:Picard
438:France
419:Walons
394:French
349:French
277:French
265:Celtic
256:Other
200:Picard
165:France
162:
141:Canada
138:
114:
96:
63:Binche
4101:Other
4092:Women
4019:Poles
3952:Turks
3942:Kurds
3791:. In
3048:dans
2953:temps
2580:, in
2470:, in
2351:Mo.be
2239:Other
2118:Sport
2113:rifle
1793:Music
1524:Oława
1512:Płock
1506:from
1457:Liège
1445:Meuse
1434:Italy
1412:Namur
1392:Casco
1332:Eupen
1253:Ghent
1241:Menen
1233:Ypres
1223:. In
1177:]
1154:Thuin
1150:Leuze
1126:]
1091:Wavre
1087:Namur
1067:Liège
1051:Ghent
1023:]
971:Namur
880:Givet
844:Arlon
820:Liège
808:Namur
792:Meuse
673:Roman
628:legal
513:Latin
504:walha
297:Dutch
4071:Jews
3915:Asia
3513:ISBN
3493:ISBN
3475:2023
3449:2023
3411:2013
3379:ISBN
3346:ISBN
3340:in
3270:ISBN
3250:ISBN
3232:2014
3202:ISBN
3186:ISBN
3178:ISBN
3160:2014
3116:2014
2990:ISBN
2904:ISBN
2870:ISBN
2862:ISBN
2838:2014
2808:2016
2780:ISBN
2745:2014
2617:in
2442:ISBN
2408:ISBN
2383:2017
2358:2017
2105:and
1972:and
1667:The
1656:and
1615:and
1526:and
1514:and
1502:and
1378:and
1185:Mons
1162:Dour
1053:and
1029:and
989:The
969:and
866:and
840:Mons
838:and
830:The
794:and
780:coal
675:and
626:and
608:and
541:and
511:and
481:, a
466:and
267:and
1453:Huy
1203:),
1181:Ath
1057:."
870:).
812:Huy
714:),
564:or
4147::
3761:.
3735:.
3713:.
3691:.
3669:.
3647:.
3621:.
3599:.
3577:.
3555:.
3533:.
3465:.
3439:.
3397:.
3184:,
3122:.
2868:,
2718:,
2558:,
2466:,
2450:.
2436:.
2416:.
2402:.
2374:.
2349:.
2331:.
2293:.
1811:c.
1493:c.
1475:.
1451:,
1414:,
1410:,
1406:,
1402:,
1398:,
1394:,
1390:,
1386:,
1247:,
1243:,
1239:,
1235:,
1231:,
1219:,
1215:,
1211:,
1199:,
1195:,
1175:fr
1168:,
1164:,
1156:,
1152:,
1148:,
1140:,
1128:,
1124:fr
1117:,
1113:,
1109:,
1105:,
1101:,
1097:,
1089:,
1085:,
1025:,
1021:nl
1014:,
1010:,
1006:,
862:,
858:,
854:,
850:,
822:.
814:,
806:,
802:,
734:.
726:,
642:.
462:,
444:,
440:,
436:,
417::
413:;
396::
392:;
379:uː
335:^b
326:^a
260:,
76:c.
3834:e
3827:t
3820:v
3477:.
3451:.
3413:.
3234:.
3162:.
2914:)
2840:.
2810:.
2747:.
2385:.
2360:.
2335:.
2025:.
1950:.
1936:.
1891:.
1809:(
1041:.
953:'
936:(
502:*
388:/
385:z
382:n
376:l
373:ˈ
370:ɒ
367:w
364:/
360:(
314:)
275:(
241:)
212:)
193:(
127:)
123:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
