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It later became the Jungle
Warfare School at Kota Tinggi. He was appointed OBE for his work on Jungle warfare training. He also highlighted the many deficiencies in equipment and neglect of the lessons learned in Burma. He then had his first posting to UK as a student at the Joint Services Staff College. In 1950 he was appointed to command 1/6 Gurkha Rifles. Walker created a very effective jungle fighting battalion with many notable successes, including killing high ranking communists, in the three years he was in command.
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89:
393:, across the River Irrawaddy and hard fighting against the main body of the Japanese Army in Burma. In June he was appointed GSO 1 in his division's (7 Indian Division) Headquarters, although circumstances dictated that he had to return part-time to 4/8th Gurkhas as their commanding officer again. A highly unusual situation. He was mentioned in dispatches and at the end of the war he was awarded the
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493:. However, Walker was master of the situation and developed an effective operational concept and tactics to contain the threat, and most importantly retain the military initiative. The outcome was a successful campaign ending in August 1966. Walker handed over as commander in March 1965. During the campaign he established good relations with the Labour Defence and Army ministers (
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hard fighting. In
November he became the commanding officer, instigated a tough training regime and the battalion's motto – "Live Hard, Fight Hard, and when necessary Die Hard". Always a disciplinarian, he was a hard taskmaster and a totally professional soldier dedicated to hard training, and with his harsher characteristics balanced by integrity, generosity and warmth.
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strategic threat of expanding influence aimed at neutralising the Nordic countries (and possibly beyond) and clearing the path into the North
Atlantic. Pointing this out did not endear him to some politicians and even his NATO superior. He retired from the army in 1972. Walker was colonel of 7th (Duke of Edinburgh's Own) Gurkha Rifles from 1964 to 1975.
449:; he took great pains in the development of intelligence, and made frequent use of ambushes. In Malaya, he demonstrated his mastery in ambush skills which he had initially learnt in Waziristan on India's North-West Frontier in 1939 to 1941. He was recognised as a gifted trainer of troops, and had the gift of inspiring confidence and enthusiasm.
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In 1948, the
Emergency was declared in Malaya. Walker's immediate role was to train and equip the irregular Ferret Force. In late 1948 he was appointed commandant of the Far East Land Forces Training Centre in Johore Bahru with the task of training British units, arriving from UK, in jungle fighting.
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with headquarters in Oslo. This covered German
Jutland, Denmark and Norway but had no direct command responsibilities in peacetime. Walker saw his role as publicising the threat. The region faced an overwhelming and expanding Soviet force and while he did not expect Soviet direct attack he did see a
488:
Walker was appointed COMBRITBOR on 19 December with command over all
British forces (land, sea and air) in the colonies of Sarawak and North Borneo, and the protectorate of Brunei. The revolt was quickly mopped up and incipient revolts in Sarawak prevented by an influx of British and Gurkha troops.
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In 1959, 99th
Brigade was sent to Singapore in advance of the forthcoming elections. Walker was told to take charge of internal security throughout Singapore Island. The 99th Brigade were highly skilled jungle fighters, but urban Singapore was a very different environment, and internal security an
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to his DSO and was twice mentioned in dispatches during the
Malayan Emergency. In 1954 he returned to the UK as a senior (Colonel) staff officer in Headquarters Eastern Command where he was involved in planning and mounting the Suez operation in 1956. He also expressed the view that if he had been
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In early 1944, Walker was appointed second-in-command, alongside a new commanding officer, of the 4/8th Gurkha Rifles, who had suffered severely in the Arakan
Campaign. In March the battalion was moved to the Imphal area where the Japanese had launched a major offensive and spent several months in
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Walker's first post-war posting was as GSO 1 to the
Director of Military Operations in General Headquarters (GHQ), Delhi. When GHQ was transferred to Indian control in 1948 he handed over to a future Indian Chief of Army Staff and was appointed GSO 1 in Malaya District Headquarters in
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he writes that he ordered the previously "idle, unpatriotic, unkempt" pupils into "showing the school what smartness on the parade ground meant". His teachers became alarmed at Walker's strict behaviour and tried to explain the difference between "driving" and "leading".
695:, was first published simultaneously in the UK, the US, and South Africa. In the 1980s, Walker's health began to decline and he underwent two hip operations in military hospitals. They left him permanently disabled which led to Walker suing the
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which his grandfather had formerly commanded. In 1935 he survived the major earthquake that hit that city. The battalion moved to Assam in the aftermath where it remained until early 1939, Walker was appointed the battalion's adjutant in 1938.
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in London. He was unimpressed by the politically tuned officers and considered that politics was the business of politicians not soldiers. After the course, in 1961, he was promoted to major general and appointed General Officer Commanding
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Group in Malaya. This was the most demanding and important command in the Army with the task of finally defeating the most formidable remaining terrorists in Johore in Operation Tiger. Walker maintained an excellent relationship with police
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calling for "dynamic, invigorating, uplifting leadership... above party politics" to "save" the country from "the Communist Trojan horse in our midst." After the publication of the letter, Walker claimed he received positive responses from
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in Paris where his job was to plan and execute the headquarters' move out of France. He accomplished this complex task on time and very efficiently. Promoted and knighted in 1968 he was appointed General Officer Commanding in Chief of
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382:, joining them near the oil fields at Yenangyaung in mid April 1942. Walker remained with the HQ as it walked back to India, and was then appointed as an instructor at the Quetta staff college.
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headquarters. His attention to detail enabled him to excel in this role. He was twice mentioned in dispatches for his role in the operations on the North West Frontier from 1939 to 1941.
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Rumours about the axing of the Gurkhas emerged and Walker played an astute hand involving the King of Nepal and the U.S. Ambassador there to protect them. It did not endear him to the
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By 1974, Walker had grown "shocked" by the state of the country in general and the "militancy" of the trade unions in particular. In July of that year he wrote a letter to
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could take over Britain. Walker responded, "Perhaps the country might choose rule by the gun in preference to anarchy," although Walker always said he hated the idea of a
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470:. 17 Division was the operational headquarters for all non-Malayan formations (99 Gurkha Infantry Brigade and 28 Commonwealth Brigade) and divisional units in Malaya.
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Walker's granddaughter Annabel Venning has carried out extensive research into the war experience of Walter and his five siblings which have been published as
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entirely new assignment. Walker immediately instituted a typically thorough training programme. No manual existed on the subject, so Walker wrote one.
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However, clues of Indonesian sympathy for the insurgents and emerging hostility caused Walker concern. The situation gradually evolved into the
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to interrupt his holiday by condemning this "near fascist groundswell." In 1975, Walker travelled to various boardrooms in the
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eye to signals from London telling him to stop. However, as an up-and-coming senior officer he was selected as an observer to
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and he came close to being sacked. However, on 8 December 1962, while he was in Nepal visiting Gurkha pensioners in the
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became the army standard on the subject. The elections passed peacefully. Walker relinquished command and attended the
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In 1939, Walker married Beryl Johnston, with whom he had two sons and one daughter; his wife died in 1990. He lived in
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at Quetta. After this he was appointed General Staff Officer Grade 3 (GSO 3) on the staff of Lieutenant General Slim's
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moved to occupy Thailand where Walker was involved in negotiating the surrender of Japanese forces in that country.
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from 1969 until his retirement in 1972. He commanded the 4/8th Gurkhas Rifles against the Japanese Army in
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gave Walker a front-page interview and asked him if he could imagine a situation in which the
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as Deputy Chief of Staff in charge of Plans, Operations and Intelligence, Headquarters,
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1164:"Senarai Penuh Penerima Darjah Kebesaran, Bintang dan Pingat Persekutuan Tahun 1965"
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By August 1974, Walker had joined the anti-Communist Unison group (later renamed to
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The Wilson Plot. The Intelligence Services and the discrediting of a Prime Minister
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on 11 November 1912, one of four sons born to a military family. At the end of the
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Fighting General: The Public & Private Campaigns of General Sir Walter Walker
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faded from the media; however, he still travelled abroad, including visits to
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in the UK from 1967. Finally in 1969 he was promoted to general and appointed
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802:
Pocock, Tom (2005). "Walker, Sir Walter Colyear (1912–2001), army officer".
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on 12 August 2001, aged 88, from complications of a fall and pneumonia.
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and in 1984 became Patron of the ultra-conservative and anti-communist
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in 1990. The suit was eventually settled out of court, for ÂŁ130,000.
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618:), which claimed that it would supply volunteers in the event of a
310:. Even as a child Walker had a militaristic streak; in his memoirs
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was a "proven Communist" and that there was a "Communist cell" in
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Walker and his family moved back to Britain and he was sent to
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British Army personnel of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
771:; paperback revised edition published 20 August 1982, London).
437:, Australia and subsequently lectures on nuclear battlefield.
622:. Walker claimed it had at least 100,000 members, which led
363:. Walker distinguished himself and was recommended for the
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Pinochet in Piccadilly: Britain and Chile's Hidden History
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Pinochet in Piccadilly. Britain and Chile's Hidden History
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and some days walk from transport, a revolt broke out in
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In 1939, Walker moved with his battalion across India to
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In 1957, he was promoted to brigadier and commander of
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interviews and then took part in a documentary named
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The Savage Wars of Peace: Soldier's Voices 1945-1989
684:, a position he retained for the rest of his life.
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Commander-in-Chief of Allied Forces Northern Europe
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656:Walker privately told journalists that he thought
1438:Graduates of the Royal College of Defence Studies
691:, with a foreword by the Conservative politician
633:in the hope of securing money and support. After
258:(11 November 1912 – 12 August 2001) was a senior
508:He returned to the UK and in 1965 was posted to
389:In early 1945 he led the 4/8th Gurkhas, part of
1408:British Army personnel of the Malayan Emergency
294:Walker was born on an Indian tea plantation in
327:, and in 1933 after a short attachment to the
1428:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
1423:Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
777:, by General Sir Walter Walker, London, 1997.
757:, by General Sir Walter Walker, London, 1978.
8:
838:Dennis Barker, 'General Sir Walter Walker',
808:(online ed.). Oxford University Press.
672:and favoured "tougher" measures against the
212:Commander of the Order of the British Empire
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856:(London: Faber and Faber, 2003), pp. 192–93
374:In 1942, Walker was selected to attend the
1458:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
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740:Malaysia : Honorary Commander of the
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485:. Walker reached Singapore 9 days later.
208:Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath
1208:by Andy Beckett (Faber and Faber, 2003)
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805:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
787:
278:. Walker was Director of Operations in
1448:Graduates of the Staff College, Quetta
1383:Academics of the Staff College, Quetta
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791:
1453:Indian Army personnel of World War II
880:"Obituary: General Sir Walter Walker"
505:and awarded a second bar to the DSO.
7:
1463:People educated at Blundell's School
1345:C-in-C Allied Forces Northern Europe
1191:(First ed.). London: Collins.
475:Chief of the Imperial General Staff
1144:, London: Heinemann, 1988, p. 221.
742:Order of the Defender of the Realm
14:
325:Royal Military College, Sandhurst
1433:Deaths from pneumonia in England
1221:by David Leigh (Heineman, 1988)
886:. 13 August 2001. Archived from
733:
676:. He was an early member of the
284:Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation
198:Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation
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87:
590:and the shipping industrialist
573:Marshal of the Royal Air Force
551:A Day in the Life of a General
537:Hodder and Stoughton, London.
1:
527:Allied Forces Northern Europe
282:from 1962 to 1965 during the
180:Allied Forces Northern Europe
1413:British Indian Army officers
1393:Accidental deaths in England
1388:Accidental deaths from falls
822:UK public library membership
514:Allied Forces Central Europe
442:99th Gurkha Infantry Brigade
399:7th Indian Infantry Division
164:99th Gurkha Infantry Brigade
1468:Sherwood Foresters officers
455:Internal Security in a City
395:Distinguished Service Order
216:Distinguished Service Order
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1238:. London: Michael Joseph
1054:The Savage Wars of Peace,
1032:The Savage Wars of Peace,
1001:The Savage Wars of Peace,
755:The Bear at the Back Door
545:Walker then began giving
236:Sir Walter Colyear Walker
170:Commander British Troops
1291:GOC 17th Gurkha Division
945:obituary, 14 August 2001
678:Conservative Monday Club
535:To War with the Walkers
459:Imperial Defence College
323:Walker then went to the
16:British military officer
1418:British anti-communists
682:Western Goals Institute
597:Shortly afterward, the
224:Mentioned in Despatches
814:10.1093/ref:odnb/76147
525:'s Commander in Chief
262:officer who served as
1398:British Army generals
1122:Beckett, pp. 199–200.
1052:Charles Allen (1990)
1030:Charles Allen (1990)
999:Charles Allen (1990)
425:he would have used a
121:Years of service
34:Walter Colyear Walker
565:Admiral of the Fleet
501:). He was appointed
464:17th Gurkha Division
167:17th Gurkha Division
1338:Sir Kenneth Darling
1311:Sir Geoffrey Musson
1258:The Daily Telegraph
1083:Beckett, pp. 194–95
1074:Pocock, pp. 222–271
1065:Pocock, pp. 136–217
697:Ministry of Defence
609:military government
600:London Evening News
559:The Daily Telegraph
466:and major general,
357:North West Frontier
349:North West Frontier
190:North-West Frontier
156:1/8th Gurkha Rifles
1355:Sir Thomas Pearson
1043:Pocock, pp. 114–35
1021:Pocock, pp. 109–10
1012:Pocock, pp. 101–08
990:Pocock, pp. 99–100
687:In 1980, his book
639:Conservative Party
468:Brigade of Gurkhas
329:Sherwood Foresters
153:Sherwood Foresters
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1352:Succeeded by
1328:Sir Cecil Blacker
1325:Succeeded by
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908:Pocock, pp. 20–41
820:(Subscription or
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624:Defence Secretary
416:He was awarded a
333:8th Gurkha Rifles
304:Blundell's School
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226:- four times
186:Battles/wars
115:British Army
71:(2001-08-12)
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1378:2001 deaths
1373:1912 births
1185:Pocock, Tom
775:Fighting On
592:Lord Cayzer
499:Fred Mulley
380:Burma Corps
312:Fighting On
270:during the
1367:Categories
1349:1969–1972
1322:1967–1969
1301:Peter Hunt
1295:1961–1964
1178:References
824:required.)
569:Varyl Begg
547:television
397:(DSO) and
353:Waziristan
290:Early life
83:Allegiance
45:1912-11-11
31:Birth name
627:Roy Mason
479:Himalayas
435:Maralinga
427:Nelsonian
423:Port Said
347:, on the
124:1933–1972
78:, England
1268:obituary
1260:obituary
1234:(1990).
1187:(1973).
1056:page 95.
1034:page 68.
894:12 April
647:Rhodesia
585:comedian
581:generals
541:Politics
391:IV Corps
220:Two Bars
161:Commands
101:Service/
1003:page 11
351:facing
296:Cuttack
233:General
133:General
52:Cuttack
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337:Quetta
280:Borneo
218:&
204:Awards
172:Borneo
144:380258
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103:branch
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76:Yeovil
56:Orissa
1167:(PDF)
782:Notes
361:India
308:Devon
268:Burma
255:DSO**
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1240:ISBN
1223:ISBN
1210:ISBN
1193:ISBN
896:2022
765:ISBN
649:and
575:Sir
567:Sir
523:NATO
510:NATO
497:and
149:Unit
129:Rank
66:Died
39:Born
810:doi
674:IRA
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