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grows to 100–150 cm (39–59 in), or a rare 2 m (6 ft 7 in) tall, with erect leaves up to 90 cm (35 in) long and 3 cm (1.2 in) broad. The flowers are bright yellow, 7–10 cm (2.8–3.9 in) across, with the typical iris form. The fruit is a dry
788:
which can create dense, monotypic stands, outcompeting other plants in the ecosystem. Where it is invasive, it is tough to remove on a large scale. Even ploughing the rhizomes is often ineffective. It has been banned in some areas but is still widely sold in others for use in gardens.
1550:
1501:
Zhao, Huilin; Wang, Fen; Ji, Min (2015). "Brackish
Eutrophic Water Treatment by Iris pseudacorus L.-Planted Microcosms: Physiological Responses of Iris pseudacorus L. to Salinity".
712:
plants survey conducted by the AgriLand project, which is supported by the UK Insect
Pollinators Initiative. However, when number of flowers per floral unit, flower abundance, and
716:
were taken into account, it dropped out of the top 10 for most nectar per unit cover per year, as did all plants that placed in the top ten, with the exception of common comfrey,
1924:
677:
and often grows with it, though usually in shallower water. While it is primarily an aquatic or marginal plant, the rhizomes can survive prolonged dry conditions.
2035:
1330:
2282:
1179:
1849:
1950:
1875:
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1010:) through its roots, and is featured in many AS Level Biology practicals as its ability to grow in low pH levels makes it a useful indicator.
1442:
2342:
966:
2332:
2322:
1123:
2053:
1803:
2337:
2327:
1466:
Mohseni-Bandpei, A. (2010). "Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater by subsurface wetlands planted with Iris pseudacorus".
1313:
1042:
2317:
2307:
2254:
1862:
94:
1911:
612:(sweet flag), as they have a prominently veined mid-rib and sword-like shape. However, the two plants are not closely related.
2312:
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1991:
1955:
1080:
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718:
219:
1818:
50:
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1229:
1002:
This plant has been used as a form of water treatment since it can take up macronutrients (such as
187:
59:
31:
2014:
2241:
1769:
1534:
838:
684:
stands in western
Scotland form a very important feeding and breeding habitat for the endangered
655:
grows best in very wet conditions, and is common in wetlands, where it tolerates submersion, low
270:
89:
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2151:
2001:
1929:
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132:
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119:
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1963:
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810:
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660:
262:
145:
79:
74:
1538:
781:) where it is not native, it has escaped from cultivation to establish itself as an
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1756:
1128:
979:
974:
926:
778:
596:
175:
1867:
1687:
1674:
1487:
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The plant was rated in second place for per day nectar production per flower in a
1978:
1522:
2200:
2177:
2027:
2009:
1888:
1637:
798:
155:
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means "false acorus", referring to the similarity of its leaves to those of
592:
165:
2190:
1628:
1530:
991:
rather than to a lily, based on the shape and yellow colour of the flower.
1430:
Edible Wild Plants: A North
American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods
1428:
649:
4–7 cm (1.6–2.8 in) long, containing numerous pale brown seeds.
30:"Yellow iris" redirects here. For the short story by Agatha Christie, see
17:
2185:
2048:
1710:
1622:
1003:
984:
886:
866:
830:
806:
802:
735:
694:
is one of two iris species native to the United
Kingdom, the other being
2089:
1841:
1379:"NOAA National Center for Research on Aquatic Invasive Species (NCRAIS)"
1854:
1764:
936:
876:
834:
664:
581:
1893:
1695:
822:
1599:
1916:
1795:
757:'Variegata' (it has leaves that are edged with deep white stripes)
673:
627:
619:
106:
916:
1782:
1603:
709:
656:
1013:
It can also withstand high salinity levels in the water.
27:
Species of flowering plant in the iris family
Iridaceae
1377:
1235:. Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 53
1612:
1331:"Centre for Biological Control Annual Report 2019"
742:planting. The following cultivars have gained the
599:to Europe, western Asia and northwest Africa. Its
1182:. Conservation Grade. 2014-10-15. Archived from
1180:"Which flowers are the best source of nectar?"
1427:Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) .
1402:Pierre Augustin Boissier de Sauvages (1756).
734:regions as an ornamental plant, with several
667:and water-dispersed seed. It fills a similar
8:
999:The plant's roots and leaves are poisonous.
1353:"9 Top Types of Iris for the Flower Garden"
1308:. London: Kyle Cathie Limited. p. 88.
1600:
1304:Spencer-Jones, Rae; Cuttle, Sarah (2005).
663:soils. The plant spreads quickly, by both
68:
49:
38:
1503:International Journal of Phytoremediation
1154:"Iris pseudacorus L. is an accepted name"
1299:
1297:
851:
1593:United States Department of Agriculture
1584:Germplasm Resources Information Network
1145:
1020:
283:
777:In some regions (including the US and
1329:Mostert, Esther; Weaver, Kim (eds.).
7:
2214:49ca3cfd-0108-4b9c-84a8-45c51dd7faba
2064:d9d4a236-effc-4a22-b7dd-e05f7d4eea96
967:Pierre Augustin Boissier de Sauvages
2283:IUCN Red List least concern species
1306:Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland
1124:Flag of the Brussels-Capital Region
1405:Languedocien Dictionnaire François
25:
2165:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:438992-1
1351:McIntosh, Jamie (21 June 2021).
1105:
1093:
1079:
1067:
1053:
1041:
1032:
1023:
93:
765:(with pale cream flowers) and
761:Other cultivars known include
1:
1589:Agricultural Research Service
1488:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.02.002
1408:(in French). pp. 153–154
1338:Centre for Biological Control
1523:10.1080/15226514.2014.981240
769:(with dark yellow flowers).
2343:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
797:is reported as invasive in
744:Royal Horticultural Society
2359:
2333:Medicinal plants of Europe
2323:Medicinal plants of Africa
29:
1230:"AGM Plants - Ornamental"
987:symbol may be related to
969:, an 18th-century French
276:
269:
252:
245:
90:Scientific classification
88:
66:
57:
48:
41:
2338:Plants described in 1753
2328:Medicinal plants of Asia
730:It is widely planted in
2318:Garden plants of Europe
2308:Garden plants of Africa
321:F. Delaroche ex Redoute
1468:Ecological Engineering
1277:"RHS Plant Selector -
1205:"RHS Plant Selector -
633:
625:
518:Vieusseuxia iridioides
2313:Garden plants of Asia
2303:Flora of Western Asia
2298:Flora of North Africa
1566:Plants for a Future:
748:Award of Garden Merit
631:
623:
510:Pseudo-iris palustris
486:Limnirion pseudacorus
1340:, Rhodes University.
1156:. theplantlist.org (
719:Symphytum officinale
550:Xyridion pseudacorus
494:Limniris pseudacorus
1515:2015IJPhy..17..814Z
1480:2010EcEng..36..777Y
854:
542:Xyridion acoroideum
534:Xiphion pseudacorus
238:I. pseudacorus
60:Conservation status
32:The Regatta Mystery
852:
634:
626:
502:Moraea candolleana
2270:
2269:
2098:Open Tree of Life
1606:Taxon identifiers
1444:978-1-4027-6715-9
995:Toxicity and uses
955:
954:
704:Nectar production
700:(stinking iris).
697:Iris foetidissima
561:
560:
526:Xiphion acoroides
413:(Boreau) K.Richt.
83:
16:(Redirected from
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2126:Iris pseudacorus
2116:
2115:
2113:Iris_pseudacorus
2106:
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2080:
2079:
2067:
2066:
2057:
2056:
2054:Iris~pseudacorus
2044:
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2028:NBNSYS0000002269
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1744:iris-pseudacorus
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1644:Iris pseudacorus
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1614:Iris pseudacorus
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1577:Iris pseudacorus
1568:Iris pseudacorus
1553:Iris pseudacorus
1551:Flora Europaea:
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1279:Iris pseudacorus
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1207:Iris pseudacorus
1201:
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1176:
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1165:
1160:). 23 March 2013
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1083:
1071:
1061:Iris pseudacorus
1057:
1045:
1036:
1027:
989:Iris pseudacorus
958:Relationship to
855:
794:Iris pseudacorus
773:Invasive species
601:specific epithet
565:Iris pseudacorus
554:
546:
538:
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522:
514:
506:
498:
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466:Iris pseudacorus
462:
454:Iris pseudacorus
450:
442:Iris pseudacorus
438:
430:Iris pseudacorus
426:
418:Iris pseudacorus
414:
406:Iris pseudacorus
402:
394:Iris pseudacorus
390:
382:Iris pseudacorus
378:
377:(Boreau) K.Richt
370:Iris pseudacorus
366:
358:Iris pseudacorus
354:
346:
338:
330:
322:
318:Iris curtopetala
314:
310:Iris curtopetala
306:
298:
290:
286:Iris acoriformis
280:List of synonyms
258:
256:Iris pseudacorus
224:
208:
98:
97:
77:
72:
71:
53:
43:Iris pseudacorus
39:
21:
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2293:Flora of Europe
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2085:Observation.org
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2013:
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1976:MichiganFlora:
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1437:. p. 261.
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1383:nas.er.usgs.gov
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997:
983:applied to the
963:
861:First Observed
858:State/Province
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642:perennial plant
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586:flowering plant
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1560:External links
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1509:(9): 814–821.
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1474:(6): 777–782.
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1255:"Roy Davidson"
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1171:
1158:The Plant List
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819:North Carolina
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754:'Roy Davidson'
727:
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692:I. pseudacorus
682:I. pseudacorus
653:I. pseudacorus
617:
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609:Acorus calamus
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434:longiacuminata
427:
415:
403:
401:(Boreau) Nyman
391:
379:
367:
365:(Boreau) Nyman
355:
347:
342:Iris pallidior
339:
331:
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315:
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302:Iris bastardii
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294:Iris acoroides
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1186:on 2019-12-14
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975:lexicographer
972:
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965:According to
961:
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824:
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811:New Hampshire
808:
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796:
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786:aquatic plant
784:
780:
772:
770:
768:
767:Golden Fleece
764:
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545:(Spach) Klatt
543:
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529:(Spach) Alef.
527:
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389:(Spach) Baker
387:
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371:
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363:
359:
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351:
350:Iris paludosa
348:
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247:Binomial name
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75:Least Concern
65:
61:
56:
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44:
40:
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33:
19:
2288:Iris (plant)
1613:
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1506:
1502:
1496:
1471:
1467:
1461:
1433:. New York:
1429:
1422:
1410:. Retrieved
1404:
1397:
1386:. Retrieved
1382:
1372:
1360:. Retrieved
1356:
1346:
1324:
1305:
1284:. Retrieved
1281:'Variegata'"
1278:
1271:
1261:25 September
1259:. Retrieved
1249:
1237:. Retrieved
1224:
1212:. Retrieved
1206:
1199:
1188:. Retrieved
1184:the original
1174:
1162:. Retrieved
1148:
1129:Fleur-de-lis
1112:Whole plants
1086:
1060:
1012:
1001:
998:
988:
980:fleur-de-lis
978:
964:
960:fleur-de-lis
959:
793:
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791:
779:South Africa
776:
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541:
537:(L.) Schrank
533:
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317:
313:F. Delaroche
309:
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220:
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192:
188:
176:
139:
126:
113:
42:
36:
2010:NatureServe
1889:iNaturalist
1638:Wikispecies
1286:7 September
1134:Iris sawfly
977:, the name
799:Connecticut
726:Cultivation
671:to that of
616:Description
604:pseudacorus
574:yellow iris
570:yellow flag
553:(L.) Klatt
521:F.Delaroche
478:Iris sativa
374:acoriformis
362:acoriformis
156:Asparagales
133:Angiosperms
2277:Categories
2221:WisFlora:
2139:kew-322261
2134:Plant List
1731:Calflora:
1388:2022-06-14
1357:The Spruce
1190:2017-10-18
1140:References
1008:phosphorus
971:naturalist
853:US Spread
839:Washington
815:New Jersey
740:bog garden
640:flowering
638:herbaceous
624:Flower bud
578:water flag
458:ochroleuca
446:nyaradyana
334:Iris lutea
326:Iris flava
225:Laevigatae
184:Subgenus:
18:Water flag
1832:200028201
1741:Cal-IPC:
1453:244766414
843:Wisconsin
827:Tennessee
736:cultivars
732:temperate
714:phenology
686:corncrake
595:. It is
593:Iridaceae
497:(L.) Fuss
489:(L.) Opiz
410:bastardii
398:bastardii
386:acoroides
232:Species:
200:Section:
166:Iridaceae
103:Kingdom:
2209:VicFlora
2198:VASCAN:
2191:16600257
2186:Tropicos
2110:PalDat:
2049:NSWFlora
2015:2.149941
1930:10456945
1917:438992-1
1708:BioLib:
1623:Wikidata
1539:30542002
1531:25529785
1435:Sterling
1239:13 March
1164:14 April
1118:See also
1004:nitrogen
985:heraldic
831:Virginia
807:Maryland
803:Delaware
783:invasive
470:submersa
271:Synonyms
216:Series:
209:Limniris
193:Limniris
162:Family:
146:Monocots
80:IUCN 3.1
2260:1416223
1987:MoBotPF
1855:5298231
1765:Ecocrop
1511:Bibcode
1476:Bibcode
1412:27 July
1362:29 July
1214:24 June
1048:Closeup
1017:Gallery
835:Vermont
665:rhizome
647:capsule
588:in the
582:species
580:, is a
505:Spreng.
461:Peterm.
422:citrina
408:subsp.
372:subsp.
329:Tornab.
172:Genus:
152:Order:
107:Plantae
78: (
2147:PLANTS
2061:NZOR:
1992:281137
1969:163999
1943:114983
1842:IRIPSE
1839:FoIO:
1819:iripse
1816:FEIS:
1809:186664
1783:491653
1724:126458
1696:ARKive
1688:171918
1675:160658
1672:APDB:
1652:AoFP:
1629:Q21173
1537:
1529:
1451:
1441:
1312:
1074:Flower
845:, and
823:Oregon
680:Large
661:anoxic
659:, and
597:native
590:family
568:, the
513:Medik.
449:Prodán
437:Prodán
305:Boreau
289:Boreau
191:subg.
2255:WoRMS
2231:WoI:
2103:43059
2072:NZPCN
2041:82213
1999:NAS:
1956:43194
1925:IRMNG
1901:IPA:
1894:47779
1881:20385
1804:EUNIS
1796:IRIPS
1757:3PZZR
1711:42065
1662:APA:
1535:S2CID
1334:(PDF)
1257:. RHS
1233:(PDF)
1100:Fruit
951:2005
941:1909
931:1954
921:2013
911:1882
901:2008
891:1932
881:1982
871:2009
674:Typha
669:niche
636:This
632:Seeds
576:, or
481:Mill.
473:Glück
456:var.
425:Hook.
420:var.
396:var.
384:var.
360:var.
353:Pers.
297:Spach
221:Iris
207:sect.
205:Iris
140:Clade
127:Clade
114:Clade
2224:3942
2201:6184
2178:9334
2160:POWO
2152:IRPS
2121:PfaF
2090:6903
2077:3315
2036:NCBI
2002:1115
1979:1475
1964:IUCN
1951:ITIS
1912:IPNI
1904:5853
1876:GRIN
1863:GISD
1850:GBIF
1791:EPPO
1770:6955
1734:4358
1719:BOLD
1683:APNI
1665:4314
1655:1975
1527:PMID
1449:OCLC
1439:ISBN
1414:2013
1364:2021
1310:ISBN
1288:2020
1263:2020
1241:2018
1216:2013
1166:2015
1006:and
973:and
763:Alba
345:Hill
337:Lam.
223:ser.
189:Iris
177:Iris
2242:WFO
2234:271
2173:RHS
2023:NBN
1938:ISC
1868:873
1827:FNA
1778:EoL
1752:CoL
1519:doi
1484:doi
750::
746:'s
584:of
468:f.
444:f.
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1296:^
947:WI
937:VT
927:PA
917:OH
907:NY
897:MN
887:MI
877:IN
867:IL
849:.
841:,
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833:,
829:,
825:,
821:,
817:,
813:,
809:,
805:,
801:,
722:.
710:UK
688:.
657:pH
572:,
263:L.
142::
129::
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1391:.
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1193:.
1168:.
82:)
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
