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154:, this approximation is used to estimate some effects that resemble optical effects. It models several interference, diffraction and polarization effects but not the dependence of diffraction on polarization. Since this is a high-frequency approximation, it is often more accurate in optics than for radio.
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The standard theory of physical optics has some defects in the evaluation of scattered fields, leading to decreased accuracy away from the specular direction. An improved theory introduced in 2004 gives exact solutions to problems involving wave diffraction by conducting scatterers.
182:. Current on the shadowed parts is taken as zero. The approximate scattered field is then obtained by an integral over these approximate currents. This is useful for bodies with large smooth
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Hay, S.G. (August 2005). "A double-edge-diffraction
Gaussian-series method for efficient physical optics analysis of dual-shaped-reflector antennas".
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In optics, it typically consists of integrating ray-estimated field over a lens, mirror or aperture to calculate the transmitted or scattered field.
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The ray-optics field or current is generally not accurate near edges or shadow boundaries, unless supplemented by diffraction and
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of similar material as the current at each point on the front, i. e. the geometrically illuminated part, of a
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Shijo, T.; Rodriguez, L.; Ando, M. (Dec 2008). "The modified surface-normal vectors in the physical optics".
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that field over the surface to calculate the transmitted or scattered field. This resembles the
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Asvestas, J. S. (February 1980). "The physical optics method in electromagnetic scattering".
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This approximation consists of using ray optics to estimate the field on a surface and then
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In optics, it is a standard way of estimating diffraction effects. In
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is not valid. This usage tends not to include effects such as
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optics and not that it is an exact physical theory.
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