4793:
3849:
2633:), although some claim that Liverpool has a possible Welsh derivation from "Y Llif", a name for the Atlantic Ocean and meaning "the flood" together with "pwll" which represents the word Pool in English place names and is generally accepted as of Brythonic origin.. However such a name is impossible in Welsh, and would certainly could not have given "Liverpool", whose origin is clearly Old English
2447:"The signs for which we are responsible (mostly motorway and trunk road signs) will be bilingual. Signs which are in English only at the moment will be made bilingual when they are replaced.... When both languages are included on one sign with one language above the other, the order in which the languages appear will follow the practice adopted by the local authority where the sign is located."
3861:
306:
2421:
The naming of places in Wales can be a matter of dispute and uncertainty. In some cases there is an issue of whether both the Welsh and
English names should be used, or only one, and which should be given priority. In other cases it is because usage and style have changed over the years, and there is
509:
Common elements of Welsh place-names thus include both words for topographical features and words reflecting human influence. Some of the most frequently encountered place-name elements in Wales are shown in the table below. The Welsh version shown is the original, unmutated reference form.
154:
in the centuries before the Anglo-Saxon and Viking invasions that led to the creation of
England. Many place-names in Britain, particularly of natural features such as rivers and hills, derive directly from Common Brittonic. Obvious examples of place-names of Welsh origin include
115:
while still retaining many distinct cultural features, most notably its language. Since then, there has been a mixing of cultures in Wales, with the
English language dominant in industry and commerce, but with Welsh remaining as a living language, particularly in its stronghold,
2449:
The latter proviso applies because local authorities have discretion over the forms used on local highway signs. In the predominantly Welsh-speaking areas of Wales, the Welsh form of the name is usually given first; in other areas, the
English name is usually given first.
2617:). Some English cities which have developed more recently, but with which Welsh people have had commercial links through trading or other economic associations such as through population migration, have developed Welsh forms of their English names. Examples are
328:
in the first century, there does not seem to have been a coming together in organised settlements, and therefore little reason to give names to such places. The Roman towns which were established were generally fortified and were given the generic name of
2479:
The modern Welsh language contains names for many towns and other geographical features across
Britain and Ireland. In some cases, these derive from the Brythonic names which were used during or before the Roman occupation: for example,
1580:, the original name was wholly English but has gradually taken on a Welsh appearance. In some cases this in fact results from Welsh having preserved an earlier stage of English pronunciation; as is the case in Prestatyn (Old English
111:, Wales developed as a distinctive entity, developing its language, culture, legal code, and political structures. By stages between the 11th and 16th centuries, Wales was then subdued, conquered and eventually incorporated into the
33:
4649:
2722:
247:
Welsh remains a living language, spoken by over 20% of the country's population. Like all languages, it has changed over time and continues to do so, for instance by accepting loan words from other languages such as
1631:). Most of these examples are in predominantly Welsh-speaking areas of Wales. There are also places where there are ongoing disagreements over whether the Welsh spelling should be used exclusively or not, such as
4512:
4507:
2519:, is disputed, but one widely believed theory – which, however, has no etymological foundation – is that it derives from purportedly poetic words meaning "lost land", and was originally applied to areas of
4499:
4117:
1763:
Finally, there are a number of places, listed in the table below, where the
English and Welsh names have, or may appear to have, different origins. These have developed for a variety of reasons.
4474:
252:
and
English. The Welsh language itself has many characteristics unfamiliar to most English speakers that can make it difficult to understand its place-names. For example, it uses a number of
478:
saw the development of many new towns and villages, particularly in south Wales. Some of these used already existing place-names, while others acquired new names. For example, the towns of
3833:
380:
means "mouth of the
Ystwyth", a river a mile or so away from the town centre, and was apparently so named as a result of confusion by the English over the different castles in the area.
83:
and modern
English. Toponymy in Wales reveals significant features of the country's history and geography, as well as the development of the Welsh language. Its study is promoted by the
3703:
3314:
4730:
4494:
4134:
4196:
3450:
4519:
4467:
4070:
2857:
4309:
4002:
3780:
4679:
4129:
4102:
1658:
In other cases, the Welsh and
English names clearly share the same original form, but spellings and pronunciation have diverged over the years. One obvious example is
285:
There are also differences between Welsh and English spelling standards, which have affected how place-names are spelled in the two languages. For instance, a single
1493:
all have the same spelling in Welsh and English, although it is also often the case that many English people do not pronounce the name in the same way as the Welsh.
4479:
4622:
4393:
4299:
4112:
506:("St Mary's church beside the hollow with white hazels") renaming itself in the 1860s with an even longer title, in an attempt to keep its railway station open.
122:
or "Welsh language country" in northwest, mid- and west Wales. Welsh culture and political autonomy has been reasserted increasingly since the mid 19th century.
4617:
4567:
2157:
Both names derive from the local river Mynwy or Monnow, the English name meaning "mouth of the Monnow" and the Welsh meaning "town on the Mynwy", the initial
4191:
4124:
3898:
3785:
3483:
1771:
both took their English names from their surrounding historic kingdoms, but took their Welsh names from local rivers; almost the reverse process occurred at
2949:
4154:
3296:
1473:
In the majority of cases in Wales, the Welsh and English names for a place are identical, almost always because the Welsh name is used. So, for example,
4462:
1540:
the Welsh name, although there are some cases, especially close to the English border, where the English name was adopted by the Welsh. Examples are
4012:
3157:
3021:
4827:
4235:
1983:
English name derived from Norse "Kirk", which at some point became mixed with the modern English translation "Church," Welsh meaning "the heath"
4686:
2636:
A final set of Welsh place-names are those for settlements in England which lie close to the modern border with Wales. In some cases, such as
2416:
324:
Early inhabitants of Wales gave names first to noteworthy natural features, such as rivers, hills, mountains, harbours and shores. Before the
4144:
3939:
3328:
3119:
2785:
2697:
4674:
4415:
3968:
3309:
2757:
2747:
2589:). In some other cases, Welsh names are translations of the English name, often influenced by the Welsh poetic tradition – for example,
2340:
Possibly both names refer to the same saint or founder, with 'mael' (prince) and 'tud' (land or people of) being added to Dog/doch as in
4041:
3980:
3973:
3828:
525:
2306:
English name meaning "snowy hill", Welsh meaning "the burial mound". The Welsh name for Snowdonia, attested since the Middle Ages, is
4223:
4149:
4139:
4075:
3944:
3478:
3412:
3059:
395:, roughly equivalent to "parish". Most of them are dedicated to their founders, who hailed from local dynasties and were venerated as
4629:
4255:
4201:
4164:
3501:
3407:
2993:
2845:
3087:
1496:
There are also many instances where the Welsh and English names are very similar, both in spelling and pronunciation. Examples are
224:
is identical to that used in Welsh and is among the most common placename elements in both Wales and Cornwall equating to English
4773:
4562:
4486:
4159:
3891:
3808:
3473:
2182:
385:
256:(called "mutations") in different grammatical circumstances. In relation to place-names, this means that, for example, a parish (
201:
4711:
2979:
2917:
2861:
1866:
English name derived from Norse meaning "Bard's island" ("Bard" probably being a person's name), Welsh name probably originally
4706:
4319:
3990:
3918:
3038:
4442:
3417:
3351:
2810:
2394:
Both English and Welsh names mean "(the) boggy area", with the English name adding "Welsh", possibly to distinguish it from
337:, originally with the meaning of "fortified enclosure". Many of these continued as towns after the Romans left, including
4543:
4304:
4206:
4026:
3639:
3580:
3397:
3174:
1607:
In some cases, the spelling formerly used in English has, over the past few decades, ceased to be accepted – examples are
137:
4555:
3594:
3493:
3150:
3097:
474:
Over the centuries, Welsh place-names have been variously affected by social and economic changes in the country. The
4822:
4796:
4750:
4526:
4240:
4097:
4058:
3884:
3708:
3236:
3202:
3077:
2435:
2431:
160:
143:
1833:
English name derived from Norse meaning "Ongull's island", Welsh name related to (but probably predated) Roman Latin
4454:
4342:
4245:
4031:
3735:
2441:
The policy of the Welsh Government on place-names as shown on road signs within its jurisdiction is set out in its
297:, is pronounced with a v-sound and so often spelled "Avon" when it appears in English place-names and river names.
3109:
4832:
4577:
4449:
4410:
4369:
4218:
4092:
3629:
3438:
3356:
3343:
3289:
3241:
2953:
2737:
253:
3951:
1787:, tended to be adopted in English usage but not by the Welsh. Again, there are exceptions such as the island of
4817:
4669:
4595:
4538:
4181:
4169:
4082:
4053:
3624:
3599:
3385:
2742:
1521:
1075:
424:
107:
During the 4th to 11th centuries, while Anglo-Saxons and other migrants from Europe settled adjoining areas of
84:
3082:
4842:
4837:
4723:
4600:
4381:
4213:
4186:
4036:
3823:
3818:
3422:
3143:
2727:
1721:
1557:
4612:
4352:
4087:
3750:
3380:
3092:
3025:
2229:
1937:, meaning "cow pasture", with the Welsh name mutating with the additional reference to "St Mary's church"
4718:
4402:
4314:
4263:
3934:
3813:
3745:
3604:
3589:
3569:
3402:
1879:
1505:
475:
2534:
and now having the English suffix "-c(h)ester", also have Welsh names, in most cases using the prefix
4768:
4337:
4273:
3760:
3740:
3713:
2936:"Pistyll Rhaeadr Waterfall - Tourist information, things to do, walks and pictures - ViewBritain.com"
2455:"Signs containing place names in England will contain the Welsh and English versions of the name...."
1942:
1768:
503:
396:
314:
4007:
3323:
2412:
4531:
4357:
4176:
3985:
3907:
3775:
3258:
2566:
1478:
1240:
432:
112:
360:
Elsewhere, many villages and later towns took their names from natural features. For example,
4778:
4550:
4364:
4329:
4048:
3523:
3263:
3115:
3055:
2989:
2841:
2806:
2781:
2732:
2712:
2702:
2613:, which is actually derived from an English personal name Beda, and not the noun "bed" (Welsh
2190:
English name from inn around which industrial development took place, Welsh from River Pennar
2169:
1588:("knight"), Old/Middle English pronunciation /knɪɕt/. This also occurs in reverse; eg English
1541:
464:
217:
179:
175:
2966:
2310:, meaning "highlands" or "upland" – the traditional interpretation as "place of the eagles" (
4659:
4605:
4572:
4294:
4065:
3687:
3609:
3182:
2423:
2132:
1850:
1683:
996:
391:
258:
197:
156:
147:
102:
4664:
4347:
4020:
3853:
3518:
3511:
3361:
3228:
2707:
2427:
2085:
1482:
1219:
499:
491:
2676:, means "the fort in scrubland", which is one theory of the origin of the English name.
389:(monasteries) established from the fifth century onwards. These generally use the prefix
3102:
2652:), the English name seems to have derived from the Welsh name. In other cases, such as
4280:
4268:
3995:
3956:
3634:
3619:
3555:
3253:
3166:
2752:
2717:
2668:), the Welsh name derived from the English name of the settlement. The Welsh name for
2515:
2259:
2212:
2177:
English name from that of Norman lord who built castle, Welsh meaning "Baldwin's town"
1858:
1796:
1700:
1672:
1529:
416:
131:
64:
2360:
English name derived from Norse meaning "Sveyn's island", Welsh from local river Tawe
1853:. Welsh name means "Bangor (a settlement within a wattle fence) below the wood/trees"
1604:) and English elements – the village was originally the English settlement of Corley.
282:(pronounced /v/) for grammatical reasons. Other changes can apply to internal vowels.
48:
as "Carnarvon" or "Caernarvon". The name "Arfon" refers to the area "opposite Môn" or
4811:
4745:
4737:
4432:
3961:
3530:
3455:
3444:
3333:
3268:
3223:
2921:
2474:
2124:
2115:
2017:
1841:
1705:
1537:
1003:
325:
151:
118:
108:
80:
45:
41:
2327:
English name from dedication of cathedral, Welsh meaning "church on the river Elwy"
4437:
4285:
3865:
3770:
3765:
3673:
3366:
3248:
3197:
3192:
2578:
2107:
2098:
1925:
1905:
72:
68:
2904:
2891:
2875:
2050:
English name meaning "high enclosure", Welsh meaning "high ground rich in cattle"
2935:
17:
4107:
3467:
3278:
2637:
2457:. This provison has led to new motorway signs in south Wales showing the names
2332:
2204:
2010:
1955:
1901:
1486:
1474:
479:
444:
440:
404:
377:
3848:
3008:
4376:
3661:
3372:
2669:
2645:
2586:
2558:
2285:
2272:
2251:
2242:
2093:
English name meaning "town of the knights", Welsh meaning "town beside dyke"
2055:
1951:
1792:
1608:
1497:
1202:
1107:
487:
456:
412:
342:
338:
305:
171:
37:
2293:
English name meaning "house of priests", Welsh meaning "St. Andreas' church"
1996:
English name meaning "bridge used by cows", Welsh meaning "the stone bridge"
4228:
3667:
3207:
3187:
2630:
2574:
2386:
2374:
2221:
2001:
1988:
1807:
Places in Wales whose Welsh and English names appear substantially different
1780:
1741:
1632:
1597:
1573:
1565:
1490:
494:, to commemorate both his own name and that of the possibly mythical sailor
452:
448:
436:
400:
373:
183:
2422:
debate over which form or spelling of a placename should be used. Both the
2207:, an anglicised version of Nedd; Welsh meaning "fort of (the river) Neath"
1970:
English name meaning "place with market", Welsh meaning "castle of Gwent"
3791:
3543:
3461:
2677:
2665:
2602:
2489:
2319:
2149:
2068:
2042:
2034:
1962:
1912:
1825:
1784:
1749:
1729:
1640:
1624:
1564:) in south east Wales. A related case is the Norman French foundation of
1513:
1332:
804:
486:
took the names of their main landowners and developers. In north Wales,
483:
428:
408:
369:
361:
354:
350:
318:
205:
49:
4427:
4422:
3755:
3680:
3655:
3562:
2622:
2610:
2550:
2430:
have policies on standardising place-names, drawing on advice from the
2352:
2298:
2280:
English name meaning "red bank", Welsh name meaning "head of the rock"
1776:
1709:
1659:
1549:
1159:
365:
187:
76:
32:
2723:
List of generic forms in place names in the United Kingdom and Ireland
2237:
English name meaning "new borough", Welsh meaning "town by the shore"
2220:
English name meaning "new borough", Welsh meaning "new castle (on the
443:'s"). A few—usually by mistake—include other elements or none at all:
3876:
3614:
3549:
2657:
2594:
2520:
2510:
1892:
1788:
1764:
1648:
1585:
1577:
420:
213:
3273:
3050:
Hanks, Patrick; Hodges, Flavia; Mills, David; Room, Adrian (2002).
1576:(originally "priest's town", which elsewhere became "Preston") and
3730:
3536:
3390:
2805:. Nottingham: English Place-Name Society. pp. lx, 423 p.263.
2524:
2497:
2395:
2195:
2123:
English name derived from Norse meaning "sandy inlet", Welsh from
1975:
1791:(from Norse words meaning "cloven island"). English names for the
1713:
1616:
663:
495:
304:
249:
209:
59:
31:
3135:
236:
combined with the name of a Saint. In Devon the prevalent use of
4654:
3098:
Ordnance Survey Guide to Welsh origins of place names in Britain
2536:
2505:
2077:
2033:
was added in the fifteenth century to distinguish the town from
2009:
English name derived from Norse meaning "fish yard", Welsh from
633:
3880:
3139:
67:, but have also been influenced by linguistic contact with the
3506:
2879:, Vol. 16, "The Celtic Church and its Saints", p. 67
2365:
1772:
216:
therefore have similar origins to names in Wales, such as the
2465:
as well as their English-language names, London and Bristol.
2508:). The origin of the modern Welsh name for England itself,
2144:
or "high hill", Welsh meaning "the mound with burial cairn"
1933:
Both English and Welsh names derive from the original Welsh
1592:
preserves the Proto-Celtic which became in modern Welsh (
383:
Many others took their name from religious settlements and
3834:
National Assembly for Wales (Official Languages) Act 2012
3083:
Welsh Language Commissioner: Place-names Advisory Service
2469:
Welsh names for other places in Great Britain and Ireland
2314:, "eagle") has been shown to be etymologically incorrect
3704:
Cabinet Secretary for Economy, Energy and Welsh Language
2110:
opened in 1826, Welsh meaning "ferry of Daethwy people"
1803:, referring to their shape resembling a serpent's head.
289:
in Welsh is always pronounced /v/ (or is silent), while
2527:
conquest before being applied to the whole of England.
2250:
English name meaning "red bank" originally applied to
1920:
Both English and Welsh names mean "end of the bridge"
1849:
English name refers to the village's proximity to the
2076:
English name meaning "holy headland", Welsh meaning "
1686:
1536:). In most of these cases, English usage adopted and
240:
reflects an early English borrowing of Cornish/Welsh
2063:
Both English and Welsh names mean "enclosed forest"
4761:
4699:
4640:
4588:
4401:
4392:
4328:
4254:
3927:
3801:
3723:
3696:
3648:
3579:
3492:
3431:
3342:
3216:
3173:
2983:
Discovering Place-Names: Their Origins and Meanings
2881:. Longmans, Green, & Co. (New York), 1898.
2267:Both English and Welsh names mean "(the) new town"
1887:Both English and Welsh names mean "black woodland"
293:is pronounced /f/; thus, the Welsh word for river,
2605:. There are some erroneous "translations" such as
1469:Relationship between Welsh and English place-names
490:was originally named "Portmadoc" by its developer
3781:Association of Welsh Translators and Interpreters
2858:"BBC - Wales - What's in a name - Video explorer"
2025:English name means "western ford used by goats".
3088:Place-names Research Centre, University of Wales
1870:, "Benlli's island", or possibly from Old Welsh
427:, some were rededicated to more generic saints:
170:Place-names from the Western Brittonic-speaking
3039:Welsh Assembly Government Welsh Language Scheme
2037:. Welsh name is derived from the English name.
3054:. Oxford: the University Press. p. 1110.
3892:
3151:
8:
3786:Wales Interpretation and Translation Service
2530:Many English county towns, founded as Roman
1676:) from which are derived the modern English
1230:tidal area of a waterway, used as a harbour
4735:
3103:Links to various English-Welsh dictionaries
88:
4398:
3899:
3885:
3877:
3158:
3144:
3136:
2684:("Oswald's cross") – although Old English
2434:and the Place-name Research Centre at the
159:("headland by the ford") and the numerous
2803:A dictionary of Lake District place-names
2688:in fact meant "cross" as well as "tree".
1775:. Names given by Norse settlers, such as
2780:. Llandysul: Gomer Press. pp. vii.
2776:Wyn Owen, Hywel; Richard Morgan (2008).
1810:
512:
459:"). Other religious place-names include
2768:
2407:Official policy on place-names in Wales
2106:English name applied after bridge over
1760:, meaning "mouth of the Mawdd(ach))".
262:) dedicated to one of the saints Mary (
3297:Welsh Academy English–Welsh Dictionary
3009:"Our Town", Haverfordwest Town Council
2778:Dictionary of the Place-names of Wales
2417:List of standardised Welsh place-names
2127:estuary (i.e. the two Cleddau rivers)
3093:Ordnance Survey Welsh Language Scheme
2832:
2830:
2828:
2826:
2824:
2822:
2698:Aber and Inver as place-name elements
2514:
1699:
1671:
7:
3451:by county or county borough in Wales
2758:Recommended place-names in Snowdonia
2748:Welsh place names in other countries
364:refers to the "mouth of the Gele",
208:and to a lesser extent neighbouring
3829:Welsh Language (Wales) Measure 2011
1716:, both derived from the Welsh name
301:Development of place-names in Wales
40:(meaning in Welsh "the fortress in
2967:Britainnia History: Bardsey Island
2860:. 11 November 2012. Archived from
2254:, Welsh meaning "Hyfaidd's field"
313:) gave its name to the village of
25:
4071:fossiliferous stratigraphic units
2950:"Lecture by Prof. Hywel Wyn Owen"
1874:meaning "Island in (the) Tide".
1596:). In one or two others, such as
1584:/'pre:əstɑtu:n/) or the mountain
4792:
4791:
4774:Sustainability in Merthyr Tydfil
3859:
3847:
3809:Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542
2140:English name from Norman French
1799:both derive from the Norse word
1708:of place-names are the towns of
1682:
1611:(formerly, in English, Ca(e)rnar
3919:Geography of the United Kingdom
3111:Understanding Welsh Place Names
2381:), Welsh meaning "Buga's hill"
1666:). The medieval Welsh form was
202:Southwestern Brittonic language
4828:Place name element etymologies
2680:("Oswald's tree") is in Welsh
90:Cymdeithas Enwau Lleoedd Cymru
63:derive in most cases from the
1:
4707:Social geography and identity
3398:Bible translations into Welsh
2593:(literally, "oxen ford") for
138:History of the Welsh language
4650:General forms of place-names
3595:National Eisteddfod of Wales
3078:BBC Wales: What's in a name?
2978:Field, John (4 March 2008).
2029:means "ford used by goats";
597:source(s) of stream, upland
182:. These include the name of
4751:Little England beyond Wales
3709:Welsh Language Commissioner
3203:Treachery of the Blue Books
2436:University of Wales, Bangor
2432:Welsh Language Commissioner
1728:, literally "land's end");
1600:, the name combines Welsh (
1572:). In a few cases, such as
1556:) in north east Wales, and
930:a ridge, also an enclosure
531:confluence of water bodies,
4859:
3736:Coleg Cymraeg Cenedlaethol
3052:The Oxford Names Companion
3011:. Retrieved 2 January 2016
2918:"Welsh-English dictionary"
2472:
2453:The guidance also states:
2410:
1950:English name derived from
1900:English name derived from
376:"harbour with sea-kale".
144:Western Brittonic language
135:
129:
100:
4787:
3914:
3842:
3630:Welsh Learner of the Year
3439:Welsh-speaking population
3357:Medieval Welsh literature
3290:Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru
3022:"BBC on names of Swansea"
2738:Toponymy in Great Britain
498:. An early example of a
254:initial consonant changes
4670:Welsh Place-Name Society
3625:Welsh Language Music Day
3600:Urdd National Eisteddfod
3386:Mudiad Ysgolion Meithrin
2838:The Place-names of Wales
2743:Welsh Place-Name Society
1704:). Some examples of the
425:Norman invasion of Wales
333:, which in Welsh became
204:and many place-names in
142:The Welsh language is a
126:Language characteristics
85:Welsh Place-Name Society
3824:Welsh Language Act 1993
3819:Welsh Language Act 1967
3683:(north/central-eastern)
2877:The Lives of the Saints
2728:Llan place name element
2601:("land of summer") for
1694:) and the modern Welsh
44:"), which was formerly
4742:(Welsh-speaking areas)
4736:
4310:Habitats of importance
3751:Welsh Language Society
3381:Welsh-medium education
3114:. Northern Eye Books.
2874:Baring-Gould, Sabine.
2801:Whaley, Diana (2006).
2230:Newport, Pembrokeshire
2203:English name from the
533:'outpouring' of water
321:
220:. The settlement name
89:
53:
4731:Anglo–Welsh relations
4480:by population in 1971
4315:Marine Character Area
4059:Temperate rainforests
3814:Welsh Courts Act 1942
3746:Cymreigyddion y Fenni
3605:Sesiwn Fawr Dolgellau
3590:Celtic Media Festival
2443:Welsh Language Scheme
1917:Pen-y-bont (ar Ogwr)
1738:Llanbedr Pont Steffan
1432:island, river-meadow
940:bank of river, shore
710:corner, nook, recess
476:Industrial Revolution
308:
35:
4769:Geography of Cardiff
4680:in the United States
4305:Environmental issues
4008:Reservoir management
3741:Cymdeithas y Dysgwyr
3714:Welsh Language Board
3315:in the United States
3028:on 20 February 2009.
2864:on 11 November 2012.
2541:. Examples include
1129:brook, small valley
504:Llanfairpwllgwyngyll
423:'s"). Following the
315:Llanfairpwllgwyngyll
27:Place names of Wales
4103:Mountains and hills
4003:Dams and reservoirs
3952:Border with England
3108:Gog, Gwili (2010).
2924:on 25 October 2007.
2413:Road signs in Wales
2060:Y Gelli (Gandryll)
1930:Llanfair-ym-Muallt
1214:homestead, village
1119:mountain, moorland
666:(a heap of stones)
617:gap in hills, pass
502:saw the village of
399:. Examples include
368:means "fair rock",
309:St. Mary's Church (
146:descended from the
4823:Geography of Wales
4712:North–South divide
4687:Standardised Welsh
4675:In other countries
4527:Preserved counties
4475:1844–1974 exclaves
4300:Conservation areas
3908:Geography of Wales
3776:Urdd Gobaith Cymru
3259:Singulative number
2988:. Bloomsbury USA.
2956:on 4 October 2007.
2377:(originally Welsh
2373:English name from
1479:Blaenau Ffestiniog
764:cross, crossroads
322:
232:equating to Welsh
150:spoken throughout
113:Kingdom of England
54:
4805:
4804:
4779:Lammas Ecovillage
4695:
4694:
4455:Historic counties
4343:Natural resources
4236:Extinct volcanoes
3874:
3873:
3761:Dyfodol i'r Iaith
3484:Other occupations
3121:978-0-9553557-4-5
2787:978-1-84323-901-7
2733:Scottish toponymy
2713:Cumbrian toponymy
2703:Celtic onomastics
2402:
2401:
1756:, but originally
1752:(in modern Welsh
1720:("little fort");
1627:(formerly Llanell
1466:
1465:
1312:moor, promontory
1272:harbour, gateway
990:winter farmstead
970:summer farmstead
910:mountain pasture
639:fort, stronghold
627:field, enclosure
218:River Avon, Devon
180:Scottish Lowlands
163:, from the Welsh
18:Welsh place-names
16:(Redirected from
4850:
4833:Culture of Wales
4795:
4794:
4741:
4491:Local districts
4411:Local government
4399:
4229:for military-use
3901:
3894:
3887:
3878:
3864:
3863:
3862:
3852:
3851:
3688:Patagonian Welsh
3670:(north-western)
3610:Shwmae Sumae Day
3183:Common Brittonic
3160:
3153:
3146:
3137:
3132:
3130:
3128:
3066:
3065:
3047:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3029:
3024:. Archived from
3018:
3012:
3006:
3000:
2999:
2975:
2969:
2964:
2958:
2957:
2952:. Archived from
2946:
2940:
2939:
2932:
2926:
2925:
2920:. Archived from
2914:
2908:
2901:
2895:
2888:
2882:
2872:
2866:
2865:
2854:
2848:
2836:Hywel Wyn Owen,
2834:
2817:
2816:
2798:
2792:
2791:
2773:
2518:
2424:Welsh Government
1811:
1703:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1675:
583:chapel, oratory
513:
455:("Parish by the
372:"red bank", and
326:Roman occupation
198:Cornish language
193:"Eidin's Fort".
148:Common Brittonic
103:History of Wales
92:
21:
4858:
4857:
4853:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4847:
4818:Celtic toponyms
4808:
4807:
4806:
4801:
4783:
4757:
4691:
4636:
4584:
4563:Electoral wards
4539:Principal areas
4487:Poor law unions
4388:
4382:Slate quarrying
4324:
4250:
4202:Nature reserves
4182:Protected areas
4021:Desert of Wales
3923:
3910:
3905:
3875:
3870:
3860:
3858:
3846:
3838:
3797:
3719:
3692:
3684:
3664:(south-eastern)
3658:(south-western)
3644:
3575:
3519:BBC Radio Cymru
3488:
3427:
3362:Welsh mythology
3338:
3324:on road signage
3212:
3169:
3164:
3126:
3124:
3122:
3107:
3074:
3069:
3062:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3037:
3033:
3020:
3019:
3015:
3007:
3003:
2996:
2977:
2976:
2972:
2965:
2961:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2902:
2898:
2889:
2885:
2873:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2851:
2835:
2820:
2813:
2800:
2799:
2795:
2788:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2766:
2708:Celtic toponymy
2694:
2644:) and probably
2516:[ɬɔiɡr]
2477:
2471:
2445:. This states:
2428:Ordnance Survey
2419:
2409:
2120:Aberdaugleddau
2116:Milford (Haven)
1846:Bangor Is-coed
1809:
1685:
1681:
1471:
1462:valley (floor)
1172:hollow, valley
553:hillside, wood
532:
500:publicity stunt
492:William Madocks
303:
212:, Somerset and
140:
134:
128:
105:
99:
58:place-names of
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4856:
4854:
4846:
4845:
4843:Welsh toponymy
4840:
4838:Welsh language
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4810:
4809:
4803:
4802:
4800:
4799:
4788:
4785:
4784:
4782:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4765:
4763:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4754:
4753:
4743:
4733:
4728:
4727:
4726:
4716:
4715:
4714:
4703:
4701:
4697:
4696:
4693:
4692:
4690:
4689:
4684:
4683:
4682:
4672:
4667:
4662:
4657:
4652:
4646:
4644:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4634:
4633:
4632:
4627:
4626:
4625:
4615:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4592:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4580:
4570:
4568:Built-up areas
4565:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4548:
4547:
4546:
4536:
4535:
4534:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4510:
4502:
4497:
4489:
4484:
4483:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4452:
4447:
4446:
4445:
4440:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4407:
4405:
4396:
4394:Administrative
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4379:
4374:
4373:
4372:
4370:re-forestation
4362:
4361:
4360:
4350:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4326:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4317:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4288:
4278:
4277:
4276:
4260:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4232:
4231:
4221:
4216:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4187:National parks
4179:
4174:
4173:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4110:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4079:
4078:
4073:
4063:
4062:
4061:
4056:
4046:
4045:
4044:
4037:Extreme points
4034:
4029:
4024:
4017:
4016:
4015:
4010:
4000:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3983:
3978:
3977:
3976:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3959:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3937:
3931:
3929:
3925:
3924:
3922:
3921:
3915:
3912:
3911:
3906:
3904:
3903:
3896:
3889:
3881:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3856:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3805:
3803:
3799:
3798:
3796:
3795:
3788:
3783:
3778:
3773:
3768:
3763:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3717:
3711:
3706:
3700:
3698:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3690:
3685:
3678:
3677:
3676:
3665:
3659:
3652:
3650:
3646:
3645:
3643:
3642:
3637:
3635:Nant Gwrtheyrn
3632:
3627:
3622:
3620:Y Selar Awards
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3586:
3584:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3566:
3559:
3556:Tafod y Ddraig
3552:
3547:
3540:
3533:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3516:
3515:
3514:
3504:
3498:
3496:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3476:
3471:
3465:
3458:
3453:
3448:
3441:
3435:
3433:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3378:
3377:
3376:
3369:
3364:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3340:
3339:
3337:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3302:
3301:
3300:
3293:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3276:
3271:
3261:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3231:
3226:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3167:Welsh language
3165:
3163:
3162:
3155:
3148:
3140:
3134:
3133:
3120:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3073:
3072:External links
3070:
3068:
3067:
3061:978-0198605614
3060:
3042:
3031:
3013:
3001:
2994:
2970:
2959:
2941:
2938:. 4 June 2013.
2927:
2909:
2903:Baring-Gould,
2896:
2892:pp. 39–40
2890:Baring-Gould,
2883:
2867:
2849:
2818:
2811:
2793:
2786:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2753:Welsh surnames
2750:
2745:
2740:
2735:
2730:
2725:
2720:
2718:Irish toponymy
2715:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2693:
2690:
2473:Main article:
2470:
2467:
2408:
2405:
2400:
2399:
2392:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2371:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2358:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2338:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2304:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2291:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2269:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2248:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2235:
2232:
2226:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2209:
2208:
2201:
2198:
2192:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2172:
2166:
2165:
2155:
2152:
2146:
2145:
2138:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2121:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2104:
2101:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:Tref-y-clawdd
2088:
2082:
2081:
2074:
2071:
2065:
2064:
2061:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2039:
2038:
2023:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2007:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1985:
1984:
1981:
1978:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1965:
1959:
1958:
1948:
1945:
1939:
1938:
1931:
1928:
1926:Builth (Wells)
1922:
1921:
1918:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1898:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1876:
1875:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1847:
1844:
1838:
1837:
1831:
1828:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1698:(with a final
1680:(with a final
1670:(with a final
1619:(formerly Conw
1534:Merthyr Tudful
1530:Merthyr Tydfil
1470:
1467:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1444:
1443:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1406:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1395:
1394:village, town
1392:
1386:
1385:
1382:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1362:
1356:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1345:
1344:county, shire
1342:
1336:
1335:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1314:
1313:
1310:
1304:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1284:
1283:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1264:
1263:
1260:
1254:
1253:
1252:hall, mansion
1250:
1244:
1243:
1238:
1232:
1231:
1228:
1216:
1215:
1212:
1206:
1205:
1200:
1194:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1183:
1180:
1174:
1173:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1127:
1121:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1110:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1095:
1089:
1088:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1025:covert, slate
1023:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1000:
992:
991:
988:
982:
981:
978:
972:
971:
968:
962:
961:
958:
952:
951:
948:
942:
941:
938:
932:
931:
928:
922:
921:
918:
912:
911:
908:
902:
901:
898:
892:
891:
888:
882:
881:
878:
872:
871:
868:
862:
861:
858:
852:
851:
848:
842:
841:
838:
828:
827:
824:
818:
817:
814:
808:
807:
802:
796:
795:
792:
786:
785:
782:
776:
775:
772:
766:
765:
762:
756:
755:
752:
746:
745:
742:
736:
735:
732:
726:
725:
722:
712:
711:
708:
702:
701:
698:
692:
691:
688:
682:
681:
678:
668:
667:
661:
651:
650:
647:
641:
640:
637:
629:
628:
625:
619:
618:
615:
609:
608:
605:
599:
598:
595:
585:
584:
581:
575:
574:
571:
565:
564:
561:
555:
554:
551:
545:
544:
541:
535:
534:
529:
521:
520:
517:
302:
299:
270:– the initial
136:Main article:
132:Welsh language
130:Main article:
127:
124:
101:Main article:
98:
95:
65:Welsh language
36:The castle at
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4855:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4798:
4790:
4789:
4786:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4760:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4747:
4746:Landsker Line
4744:
4740:
4739:
4738:Y Fro Gymraeg
4734:
4732:
4729:
4725:
4722:
4721:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4709:
4708:
4705:
4704:
4702:
4698:
4688:
4685:
4681:
4678:
4677:
4676:
4673:
4671:
4668:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4647:
4645:
4643:
4639:
4631:
4628:
4624:
4623:with Brittany
4621:
4620:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4607:
4604:
4603:
4602:
4599:
4598:
4597:
4594:
4593:
4591:
4587:
4579:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4557:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4549:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4540:
4537:
4533:
4530:
4529:
4528:
4525:
4521:
4518:
4514:
4511:
4509:
4506:
4505:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4496:
4493:
4492:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4481:
4478:
4476:
4473:
4469:
4466:
4464:
4461:
4460:
4458:
4457:
4456:
4453:
4451:
4448:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4435:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4413:
4412:
4409:
4408:
4406:
4404:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4391:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4363:
4359:
4356:
4355:
4354:
4351:
4349:
4346:
4345:
4344:
4341:
4339:
4336:
4335:
4333:
4331:
4327:
4321:
4320:Precipitation
4318:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4287:
4284:
4283:
4282:
4279:
4275:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4267:
4266:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
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4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4119:
4116:
4115:
4114:
4111:
4109:
4106:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4068:
4067:
4064:
4060:
4057:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4050:
4047:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4018:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4005:
4004:
4001:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3991:Coastal paths
3989:
3988:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3970:
3967:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3953:
3950:
3946:
3943:
3942:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3926:
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3913:
3909:
3902:
3897:
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3888:
3883:
3882:
3879:
3867:
3857:
3855:
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3835:
3832:
3830:
3827:
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3817:
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3812:
3810:
3807:
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3800:
3794:
3793:
3789:
3787:
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3774:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3764:
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3759:
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3752:
3749:
3747:
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3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3715:
3712:
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3705:
3702:
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3679:
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3660:
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3654:
3653:
3651:
3647:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3623:
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3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3583:and festivals
3582:
3578:
3572:
3571:
3567:
3565:
3564:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3545:
3541:
3539:
3538:
3534:
3532:
3531:Capital Cymru
3529:
3525:
3522:
3521:
3520:
3517:
3513:
3510:
3509:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
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3491:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3475:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3457:
3456:Landsker Line
3454:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3446:
3445:Y Fro Gymraeg
3442:
3440:
3437:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3389:
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3375:
3374:
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3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3349:
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3345:
3341:
3335:
3332:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3311:
3310:outside Wales
3308:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3292:
3291:
3287:
3286:
3285:Dictionaries
3284:
3280:
3277:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3269:Welsh Braille
3267:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3240:
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3201:
3199:
3196:
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3180:
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3156:
3154:
3149:
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3141:
3138:
3123:
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3113:
3112:
3106:
3104:
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3089:
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3063:
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3040:
3035:
3032:
3027:
3023:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3005:
3002:
2997:
2995:9780747806172
2991:
2987:
2986:
2982:
2974:
2971:
2968:
2963:
2960:
2955:
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2897:
2893:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2871:
2868:
2863:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2847:
2846:0-7083-1458-9
2843:
2839:
2833:
2831:
2829:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2808:
2804:
2797:
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2647:
2643:
2639:
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2616:
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2608:
2604:
2600:
2596:
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2556:
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2548:
2544:
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2528:
2526:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2476:
2475:Welsh exonyms
2468:
2466:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2451:
2448:
2444:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
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2347:
2343:
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2336:
2334:
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2326:
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2321:
2318:
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2296:
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2284:
2283:
2279:
2276:
2274:
2271:
2270:
2266:
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2261:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2200:Castell-nedd
2199:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2167:
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2160:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2139:
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2130:
2126:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2109:
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2102:
2100:
2097:
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2089:
2087:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2056:Hay (-on-Wye)
2054:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2044:
2041:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2019:
2018:Haverfordwest
2016:
2015:
2012:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1979:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1957:
1954:, Welsh from
1953:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1910:
1907:
1904:, Welsh from
1903:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1842:Bangor-on-Dee
1840:
1839:
1836:
1832:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1816:
1814:English name
1813:
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1806:
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1798:
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1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
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1746:Ynysgynwraidd
1743:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1727:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1706:anglicisation
1702:
1697:
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1679:
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1661:
1656:
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1398:
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1368:
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1271:
1269:
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1261:
1259:
1256:
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1242:
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1237:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1217:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1122:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1080:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
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1059:
1058:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1004:parish church
1001:
999:
998:
994:
993:
989:
987:
984:
983:
979:
977:
974:
973:
969:
967:
964:
963:
959:
957:
954:
953:
949:
947:
944:
943:
939:
937:
934:
933:
929:
927:
924:
923:
919:
917:
914:
913:
909:
907:
904:
903:
899:
897:
894:
893:
889:
887:
884:
883:
879:
877:
874:
873:
869:
867:
864:
863:
859:
857:
854:
853:
849:
847:
844:
843:
839:
837:
833:
830:
829:
825:
823:
820:
819:
815:
813:
810:
809:
806:
803:
801:
798:
797:
793:
791:
788:
787:
783:
781:
778:
777:
773:
771:
768:
767:
763:
761:
758:
757:
753:
751:
748:
747:
743:
741:
738:
737:
734:forest, wood
733:
731:
728:
727:
723:
721:
717:
714:
713:
709:
707:
704:
703:
699:
697:
694:
693:
689:
687:
684:
683:
679:
677:
673:
670:
669:
665:
662:
660:
656:
653:
652:
648:
646:
643:
642:
638:
636:
635:
631:
630:
626:
624:
621:
620:
616:
614:
611:
610:
606:
604:
601:
600:
596:
594:
590:
587:
586:
582:
580:
577:
576:
572:
570:
567:
566:
562:
560:
557:
556:
552:
550:
547:
546:
542:
540:
537:
536:
530:
528:
527:
523:
522:
518:
515:
514:
511:
507:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
397:patron saints
394:
393:
388:
387:
381:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
358:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
327:
320:
316:
312:
307:
300:
298:
296:
292:
288:
283:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:
255:
251:
245:
243:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
207:
203:
199:
194:
192:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
168:
166:
162:
158:
153:
149:
145:
139:
133:
125:
123:
121:
120:
119:y Fro Gymraeg
114:
110:
104:
96:
94:
91:
86:
82:
81:Anglo-Normans
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
61:
51:
47:
43:
39:
34:
30:
19:
4641:
4403:Subdivisions
4264:Biodiversity
4027:Dune systems
4019:
3790:
3771:Mudiad Adfer
3766:Menter Iaith
3568:
3561:
3554:
3542:
3535:
3470:(historical)
3460:
3443:
3432:Demographics
3371:
3367:Welsh Triads
3304:
3295:
3288:
3198:Modern Welsh
3193:Middle Welsh
3125:. Retrieved
3110:
3051:
3045:
3034:
3026:the original
3016:
3004:
2985:, 2005, p.36
2984:
2981:John Field,
2980:
2973:
2962:
2954:the original
2944:
2930:
2922:the original
2912:
2899:
2886:
2876:
2870:
2862:the original
2852:
2837:
2802:
2796:
2777:
2771:
2685:
2682:Croesoswallt
2681:
2673:
2661:
2653:
2649:
2642:Rhosan-ar-Wy
2641:
2635:
2626:
2618:
2614:
2606:
2599:Gwlad-yr-haf
2598:
2590:
2582:
2579:Grantchester
2570:
2562:
2554:
2546:
2542:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2509:
2502:Ebrauc/Efrog
2501:
2493:
2485:
2481:
2478:
2462:
2458:
2454:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2440:
2420:
2403:
2378:
2345:
2341:
2311:
2307:
2264:Y Drenewydd
2183:Mountain Ash
2162:
2161:mutating to
2158:
2142:"mont hault"
2141:
2137:Yr Wyddgrug
2108:Menai Strait
2103:Porthaethwy
2099:Menai Bridge
2030:
2026:
1993:Y Bont-faen
1934:
1906:River Honddu
1872:Ynis en Lliv
1871:
1867:
1834:
1800:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1745:
1737:
1733:
1725:
1717:
1695:
1677:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1652:
1644:
1636:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1606:
1601:
1593:
1589:
1581:
1569:
1561:
1553:
1545:
1533:
1525:
1517:
1509:
1501:
1495:
1472:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1389:
1379:
1369:
1364:inn, tavern
1359:
1349:
1339:
1327:
1317:
1307:
1302:hill, slope
1297:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1247:
1235:
1224:
1220:
1209:
1197:
1187:
1182:park, field
1177:
1167:
1154:
1144:
1134:
1124:
1114:
1102:
1092:
1082:
1070:
1060:
1050:
1040:
1030:
1020:
1010:
995:
985:
975:
965:
955:
950:deep valley
945:
935:
925:
915:
905:
900:ditch, dike
895:
885:
875:
865:
855:
845:
835:
831:
821:
811:
799:
789:
779:
769:
759:
749:
739:
729:
724:steep cliff
719:
715:
705:
695:
685:
675:
671:
658:
654:
644:
632:
622:
612:
602:
592:
588:
578:
568:
558:
548:
538:
524:
508:
473:
471:("church").
468:
460:
433:Saint Hilary
390:
384:
382:
359:
346:
334:
330:
323:
310:
294:
290:
286:
284:
279:
275:
271:
267:
263:
257:
246:
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:, alongside
225:
221:
195:
190:
169:
164:
141:
117:
106:
73:Anglo-Saxons
57:
55:
29:
4589:Settlements
4578:for economy
4551:Communities
4353:Coal mining
4338:Agriculture
4256:Environment
4113:County tops
3957:Offa's Dyke
3802:Legislation
3502:Programming
3479:Politicians
3468:Welsh Tract
3279:Y with loop
3264:Orthography
3233:Morphology
3217:Linguistics
2905:pp. 78
2674:Yr Amwythig
2638:Ross-on-Wye
2563:Caerwrangon
2398:in Dorset.
2391:Y Trallwng
2337:Llandudoch
2333:St Dogmaels
2290:Llanandras
2234:Trefdraeth
2205:River Neath
2187:Aberpennar
2174:Trefaldwyn
2011:River Gwaun
1956:River Teifi
1902:Brycheiniog
1897:Aberhonddu
1868:Ynys Fenlli
1863:Ynys Enlli
1817:Welsh name
1797:Worm's Head
1701:[ð]
1673:[v]
1487:Machynlleth
1475:Aberystwyth
1241:well, spout
794:confluence
480:Port Talbot
445:Llan, Powys
441:Saint Faith
405:Saint Tudno
378:Aberystwyth
347:Caerfyrddin
278:changes to
167:("river").
161:Rivers Avon
4812:Categories
4719:Demography
4618:Twin towns
4504:1896–1974
4241:Waterfalls
4177:Peninsulas
3962:Wat's Dyke
3697:Governance
3662:Gwenhwyseg
3413:Newspapers
3373:Mabinogion
3344:Literature
3329:in English
3237:colloquial
2812:0904889726
2764:References
2670:Shrewsbury
2650:Llanllieni
2646:Leominster
2587:Winchester
2571:Caergrawnt
2559:Gloucester
2523:after the
2484:(London),
2411:See also:
2303:Yr Wyddfa
2286:Presteigne
2273:Old Radnor
2252:Old Radnor
2243:New Radnor
2217:Casnewydd
2170:Montgomery
2125:Daugleddau
2022:Hwlffordd
2006:Abergwaun
1967:Cas-gwent
1952:Ceredigion
1947:Aberteifi
1884:Coed-duon
1793:Great Orme
1758:Aber-mawdd
1736:, in full
1609:Caernarfon
1582:Preostatun
1562:Cil-y-coed
1538:anglicised
1498:Caerphilly
1292:waterfall
1203:promontory
1192:head, end
1108:salt marsh
1087:bare hill
488:Porthmadog
457:Afon Cefni
415:'s"), and
413:Saint Elli
343:Carmarthen
339:Caernarfon
266:) becomes
172:Hen Ogledd
46:anglicised
38:Caernarfon
4630:by county
4532:districts
4495:1848–1894
4130:by height
4098:Moorlands
4054:Broadleaf
4032:Estuaries
4013:by volume
3986:Coastline
3945:Blue Flag
3716:(defunct)
3668:Gwyndodeg
3408:Magazines
3229:Phonology
3208:Welsh Not
3188:Old Welsh
2662:Henffordd
2631:Liverpool
2591:Rhydychen
2575:Cambridge
2567:Worcester
2547:Caerlleon
2387:Welshpool
2375:River Usk
2370:Brynbuga
2357:Abertawe
2324:Llanelwy
2277:Pencraig
2247:Maesyfed
2222:River Usk
2154:Trefynwy
2080:'s fort"
2073:Caergybi
2047:Penarlâg
2027:Haverford
2002:Fishguard
1989:Cowbridge
1880:Blackwood
1851:River Dee
1830:Ynys Môn
1781:Fishguard
1742:Skenfrith
1633:Criccieth
1598:Caergwrle
1574:Prestatyn
1566:Beaumaris
1502:Caerffili
1491:Llandudno
1442:hospital
1076:martyrium
1015:clearing
1011:llannerch
960:moorland
880:boundary
805:hill fort
453:Llangefni
449:Llanharry
437:Llanfoist
401:Llandudno
374:Porthcawl
191:Din Eidin
184:Edinburgh
174:occur in
4797:Category
4642:Toponymy
4459:by area
4450:Hundreds
4365:Forestry
4330:Land use
4246:Wetlands
4145:Marilyns
4118:historic
3996:heritage
3928:Physical
3854:Language
3792:Crachach
3649:Dialects
3544:Golwg360
3512:timeline
3474:Surnames
3462:Y Wladfa
3305:Toponymy
3254:Numerals
3242:literary
2840:, 1998,
2692:See also
2678:Oswestry
2666:Hereford
2607:Rhydwely
2603:Somerset
2583:Caerwynt
2555:Caerloyw
2494:Dyfnaint
2490:Cornwall
2482:Llundain
2459:Llundain
2426:and the
2346:Tud doch
2342:Dog mael
2320:St Asaph
2150:Monmouth
2086:Knighton
2078:St. Cybi
2069:Holyhead
2043:Hawarden
2035:Hereford
1963:Chepstow
1943:Cardigan
1913:Bridgend
1826:Anglesey
1785:Anglesey
1769:Cardigan
1750:Barmouth
1734:Llanbedr
1730:Lampeter
1722:Pembroke
1696:Caerdydd
1664:Caerdydd
1641:Rhayader
1637:Cricieth
1625:Llanelli
1623:y), and
1570:Biwmares
1558:Caldicot
1546:Y Fflint
1514:Treorchy
1333:causeway
1002:parish,
774:hillock
519:English
484:Tredegar
429:Llanilar
417:Llantwit
409:Llanelli
370:Rhuddlan
362:Abergele
355:Caerwent
351:Caerleon
319:Anglesey
311:Llanfair
268:Llanfair
206:Cornwall
178:and the
50:Anglesey
4724:Cardiff
4606:capital
4573:Regions
4500:1894–95
4433:Marches
4428:Commote
4423:Cantref
4416:history
4295:Climate
4219:Springs
4150:Nuttall
4140:highest
4093:Meadows
4083:Islands
4066:Geology
4049:Forests
3974:history
3940:Beaches
3756:Cymuned
3681:Powyseg
3656:Dyfedeg
3563:Y Cymro
3524:Cymru 2
3352:Authors
3334:Exonyms
3224:Grammar
3175:History
2654:Llwydlo
2623:Bristol
2615:(g)wely
2611:Bedford
2581:), and
2577:, from
2551:Chester
2500:), and
2353:Swansea
2299:Snowdon
2260:Newtown
2213:Newport
1980:Y Waun
1859:Bardsey
1777:Swansea
1754:Y Bermo
1748:); and
1718:Dinbych
1710:Denbigh
1678:Cardiff
1668:Caerdyf
1660:Cardiff
1653:Rhuthun
1647:), and
1645:Rhaeadr
1554:Wrecsam
1550:Wrexham
1526:Y Barri
1518:Treorci
1510:Rhaglan
1452:school
1354:street
1288:rhaeadr
1262:bridge
1236:pistyll
1198:penrhyn
1160:fulling
1071:merthyr
980:ravine
920:spring
916:ffynnon
860:church
850:valley
846:dyffryn
826:meadow
784:valley
720:clogwyn
680:castle
676:castell
659:carnedd
649:chapel
593:blaenau
563:little
467:") and
461:merthyr
366:Harlech
188:Cumbric
186:, from
176:Cumbria
157:Penrith
152:Britain
109:Britain
97:History
77:Vikings
4700:Social
4601:Cities
4596:Places
4348:Mining
4286:Apples
4274:Breeds
4214:Rivers
4207:Ramsar
4170:rescue
4165:ranges
4160:passes
4135:Hewitt
4125:Furths
4076:faults
4042:centre
3969:Canals
3724:Groups
3615:Tafwyl
3550:Maes-e
3423:Poetry
3418:Novels
3403:Comics
3249:Syntax
3127:23 May
3118:
3058:
2992:
2844:
2809:
2784:
2660:) and
2658:Ludlow
2627:Lerpwl
2625:) and
2619:Bryste
2597:, and
2595:Oxford
2532:castra
2521:Mercia
2511:Lloegr
2486:Cernyw
2463:Bryste
1935:Buellt
1893:Brecon
1820:Notes
1789:Skomer
1765:Brecon
1744:(from
1732:(from
1726:Penfro
1724:(from
1649:Ruthin
1594:Hafren
1590:Severn
1586:Cnicht
1578:Mostyn
1548:) and
1528:) and
1506:Raglan
1483:Bangor
1458:ystrad
1438:ysbyty
1404:house
1384:beach
1380:traeth
1360:tafarn
1210:pentre
1135:newydd
1115:mynydd
1045:stone
986:hendre
906:ffridd
886:ffordd
856:eglwys
840:water
690:ridge
573:grave
543:river
516:Welsh
469:eglwys
465:martyr
435:'s"),
421:Illtud
407:'s"),
386:clasau
353:, and
331:castra
238:-combe
214:Dorset
69:Romans
4762:Other
4613:Towns
4438:lords
4281:Flora
4269:Fauna
4224:Vales
4197:SSSIs
4192:AONBs
4155:P600s
4108:3000s
4088:Lakes
3981:Caves
3866:Wales
3731:Arfor
3640:Films
3581:Music
3537:Golwg
3494:Media
3391:Wlpan
2686:treow
2549:(for
2525:Saxon
2498:Devon
2396:Poole
2308:Eryri
2196:Neath
1976:Chirk
1714:Tenby
1617:Conwy
1615:on),
1542:Flint
1522:Barry
1448:ysgol
1350:stryd
1322:ford
1282:pool
1268:porth
1162:mill
1155:pandy
1149:cave
1103:morfa
1065:mill
1061:melin
1035:lake
1021:llech
966:hafod
956:gwaun
926:garth
890:road
870:acre
816:city
812:dinas
790:cymer
760:croes
754:rock
750:craig
700:quay
664:cairn
645:capel
613:bwlch
607:hill
589:blaen
579:betws
496:Madoc
250:Latin
234:Llan-
210:Devon
200:is a
60:Wales
42:Arfon
4660:Llan
4655:Caer
4556:list
4544:list
4520:1973
4468:1891
4463:1831
4377:Gold
4358:tips
3935:Bays
3674:Cofi
3570:Barn
3129:2014
3116:ISBN
3056:ISBN
2990:ISBN
2842:ISBN
2807:ISBN
2782:ISBN
2609:for
2543:Caer
2537:Caer
2506:York
2461:and
2415:and
2379:Wysg
2344:and
2312:eryr
2133:Mold
2031:West
1835:Mona
1795:and
1783:and
1767:and
1712:and
1602:caer
1489:and
1428:ynys
1422:the
1390:tref
1374:lea
1328:sarn
1318:rhyd
1308:rhos
1298:rhiw
1278:pwll
1258:pont
1248:plas
1225:Pill
1178:parc
1168:pant
1145:ogof
1139:new
1125:nant
1097:sea
1083:moel
1055:big
1051:mawr
1041:maen
1031:llyn
997:llan
976:hafn
946:glyn
936:glan
896:ffos
876:ffin
832:dwfr
770:crug
744:bog
740:cors
730:coed
716:clog
686:cefn
655:carn
634:caer
603:bryn
569:bedd
559:bach
549:allt
539:afon
526:aber
482:and
392:llan
335:caer
295:afon
276:Mair
264:Mair
259:llan
230:Lan-
226:-ton
222:Tre-
196:The
165:afon
56:The
4665:Pil
4513:RDs
4508:UDs
4443:law
3507:S4C
2569:),
2561:),
2553:),
2545:or
2492:),
2366:Usk
2224:)"
1801:orm
1773:Usk
1740:);
1655:).
1639:),
1520:),
1512:),
1504:),
1416:, '
1370:ton
1340:sir
1221:Pîl
1188:pen
1093:môr
866:erw
836:dŵr
822:dol
800:din
780:cwm
706:cil
696:cei
672:cas
623:cae
349:),
317:in
274:of
242:cwm
93:).
4814::
2821:^
2672:,
2438:.
1779:,
1485:,
1481:,
1477:,
1414:yr
1412:,
1400:tŷ
1223:,
834:,
718:,
674:,
657:,
591:,
463:("
451:,
447:,
439:("
431:("
419:("
411:("
403:("
357:.
341:,
291:ff
244:.
79:,
75:,
71:,
3900:e
3893:t
3886:v
3274:Ỽ
3159:e
3152:t
3145:v
3131:.
3064:.
2998:.
2907:.
2894:.
2815:.
2790:.
2664:(
2656:(
2648:(
2640:(
2629:(
2621:(
2585:(
2573:(
2565:(
2557:(
2539:-
2504:(
2496:(
2488:(
2163:f
2159:m
1690:/
1687:f
1684:/
1662:(
1651:(
1643:(
1635:(
1629:y
1621:a
1613:v
1568:(
1560:(
1552:(
1544:(
1532:(
1524:(
1516:(
1508:(
1500:(
1418:r
1410:y
345:(
287:f
280:f
272:m
87:(
52:.
20:)
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