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592:, with a coastline of roughly 4,100 meters and an area of 7,336 acres, starting from the control area of the space launch site in the north. The project is designed to include a theme park area, a central lake area (commercial and leisure function), and an ecological coconut forest region (holiday and residential function), with a total construction land area of 6,046 acres.
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The launch site is considered to have favorable conditions for long-term development and international collaboration, thanks to its potential for expansion, low operational expenses, and relatively lenient regulatory framework. Rockets launched from Hainan Island are within 10 kilometres
568:, which is the nearest to the equator among Chinese territories. Low-latitude locations are desirable for space launch sites due to the higher speed of rotation closer to the equator, as well as the smaller inclination change maneuver needed to reach
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the location was considered vulnerable to foreign military forces. After the Cold War ended, development plans were renewed. The construction of the new
Wenchang Space Launch Center was officially approved by the
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580:(6.2 mi) of the ocean in the direction of launch, and their trajectory takes them over the open ocean. This makes falling rocket debris less likely to cause accidents and destroy property.
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announced the appropriation of 1,200 hectares (3,000 acres) of land for the center and the necessary relocation of more than 6,000 people, mostly from the villages of
Longlou (龙楼,
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543:) variant was expected to be completed circa 2018 but the maiden flight took place on 5 May 2020. A CZ-5 carrier rocket was already shipped from North China's
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The construction of the site was complete by
October 2014. The first launch took place on 25 June 2016. Due to construction delays, the initial launch of the
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booster from
Wenchang, originally expected to start in 2014 was postponed and took place on 3 November 2016. The CZ-5B (maximum payload to
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A November 2007 article indicated that the actual launch site would be near
Longlou, while a space-science theme park would be built near
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1723:"The Fourth Launch Infrastructure for the Long March-2E, Long March-3/3A/3B, and Long March-5 Launch Site Finally Identified"
1217:
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1758:"Hainan Satellite Launch Center Registered with the Central Military Commission of the State Council 海南文昌卫星发射中心已申报国务院中央军委"
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1145:["China Wenchang Space Launch Site" was named, basically meeting various requirements for satellite launch].
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lunar mission, which was planned for around 2019 and was successfully launched on 23 November 2020.
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On 23 July 2020, the fourth flight of Long March 5 put China's first indigenous Mars orbiter/rover
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At 19 degrees north latitude, the
Wenchang Space Launch Site is located on the Chinese island of
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The maiden flight of the Long March 5B variant took place on 5 May 2020 from
Wenchang LC-1.
528:
of the equator, allowing for larger payloads to be launched. It is capable of launching the
420:
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1335:"China to rehearse new carrier rocket for lunar mission - Xinhua | English.news.cn"
926:
On 2 July 2017, a Long March 5 launch failed to complete its mission to put a seven ton
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1390:"China to construct the new Wenchang Satellite Launch Center (中国将在海南省文昌市建设新的航天发射场)"
975:
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The maiden flight of Long March 8 occurred on 22 December 2020 from
Wenchang LC-2.
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The third flight of Long March 5 occurred on 27 December 2019 from
Wenchang LC-1.
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Wenchang Space Launch Site is in the northeast coastal section of
Dongjiao Town,
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1416:"Six Thousand People to be Resettled to Make Way for New Space Launch Center"
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1193:(in Chinese). China Picture Network (中国新闻图片网). 29 April 2008. Archived from
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1612:"China to launch 2nd heavy-lift carrier rocket - People's Daily Online"
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1442:"China Completes Enclosure Of Land For Fourth Satellite Launch Center"
1191:"Hainan showcases model of Wenchang Space Center (海南首次展出文昌航天发射场设计模型图)"
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launches, including service structure and launch gantry, located at
774:
launches, including service structure and launch gantry, located at
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715:. Satellite photography taken during April 2011 shows a clearing
4578:
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1649:"China's Mars Mission, Tianwen-1, Begins Its Monthslong Journey"
1536:"More details on the Hainan Space Centre emerging – SinoDefence"
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2717:
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1694:"China launches new cargo ship to Tianhe space station module"
1486:"China's New Spaceport to Launch Country's Largest Rocket Yet"
18:
1772:
1668:"China launches Tianhe space station core module into orbit"
4042:
School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University
1247:"Next-gen Long March rocket takes record-breaking flight"
1218:"China's new Wenchang space launch site ready for action"
547:
on 20 September 2015 for rehearsal drills of a scheduled
516:
test center, it currently serves as China's southernmost
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Qiongzhou University/Hainan Tropical Ocean University
432:
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China Aerodynamics Research & Development Center
572:. Hainan also has a large range of allowable launch
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Fifth Institute under the National Defense Ministry
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1647:Roston, Michael; Myers, Steven Lee (22 July 2020).
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
4073:China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
4031:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
4026:Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
2761:China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation
4103:Academy of Aerospace Liquid Propulsion Technology
4113:People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force
4108:Academy of Aerospace Solid Propulsion Technology
4078:China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation
4016:Key Laboratory of high-temperature gas dynamics
755:near the beach, likely for the CZ-5 launch pad.
5055:Leiqiong/Haikou Volcanic Cluster Global Geopark
912:which took place successfully on 25 June 2016.
4594:
4311:
3790:
2729:
1788:
1265:"China's New Carrier Rocket To Debut In 2014"
402:
388:
8:
1305:"Chang Zheng-5 (Long March-5) – SinoDefence"
970:On 29 May 2021, a cargo resupply ship named
123:
4601:
4587:
4579:
4318:
4304:
4296:
4129:
4088:Shanghai Academy of Spaceflight Technology
4083:China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology
4002:
3914:
3875:Xi'an Satellite Monitor and Control Center
3816:
3806:Chinese space facilities and organizations
3797:
3783:
3775:
3351:
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2984:
2780:
2756:China National Space Administration (CNSA)
2736:
2722:
2714:
1814:
1795:
1781:
1773:
1285:. Integrated Space Analytics. 19 July 2015
411:
289:
220:
129:
122:
5001:Hainan Exhibition & Convention Center
1141:Li, Guoli; Wang, Ting (3 November 2016).
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3698:Chinese reusable experimental spacecraft
2771:People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps
978:rocket from LC-2 to rendezvous with the
5149:
3870:Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center
1161:"Moto Z | 海南文昌现场直击：长征五号发射！_专题_凤凰网"
1133:
988:
867:
370:
4996:Hainan Centre for the Performing Arts
3966:Wenchang Commercial Space Launch Site
1738:"China Mulls New Southern Space Port"
1630:"Chinese rocket fails after lift-off"
1122:Wenchang Commercial Space Launch Site
930:communications satellite into orbit.
501:) is a rocket launch site located in
7:
5125:
4561:
4063:China Ministry of Aerospace Industry
3765:. Failed missions marked with † sign
1045:launch, CZ-5 (Y5), 23 November 2020
746:Possible new site of launch facility
520:. The site was selected for its low
47:adding citations to reliable sources
4832:Sanya Phoenix International Airport
4822:Haikou Meilan International Airport
4338:China National Space Administration
4284:Commercial companies with majority
4068:China National Space Administration
1341:. 20 September 2015. Archived from
963:was successfully launched aboard a
624:In late October 2007, the Mayor of
5187:Buildings and structures in Hainan
3602:BeiDou Navigation Satellite System
1365:"Wenchang Satellite Launch Center"
1090:launch, CZ-7A (Y4), 9 January 2023
953:On 29 April 2021, the core module
14:
4327:Chinese Lunar Exploration Program
3852:Guizhou Aerospace Industrial Park
1418:. 29 October 2010. Archived from
1216:Smith, Marcia (20 October 2014).
1060:launch, CZ-5B (Y2), 29 April 2021
5192:Chinese space program facilities
5164:
5152:
5124:
5113:
5112:
4560:
4549:
4548:
3898:China Overseas Tracking Stations
3893:China Domestic Tracking Stations
1587:"Spaceflightnow launch schedule"
1080:
1075:launch, CZ-5B (Y3), 24 July 2022
1065:
1050:
1035:
1018:
1006:
994:
982:as preparation for the upcoming
888:
873:
23:
4991:Haikou Great Hall of the People
4505:Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site
4500:Xichang Satellite Launch Center
4047:China's Space Medical Institute
4037:Harbin Institute of Technology
3956:Xichang Satellite Launch Center
3951:Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center
3946:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
1666:Jones, Andrew (29 April 2021).
1484:David, Leonard (2 April 2014).
1117:Xichang Satellite Launch Center
1112:Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center
1107:Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center
1030:launch, CZ-5 (Y4), 23 July 2020
1001:CZ-5 (Y1) rollout, October 2016
293:Launch Complex 2 launch history
224:Launch Complex 1 launch history
34:needs additional citations for
763:Wenchang has two launch pads:
433:
403:
389:
1:
4638:Historical and cultural sites
3474:Space laboratories and cargos
1143:""中国文昌航天发射场"获命名，基本满足卫星发射各种要求"
434:Wénchāng Hángtiān Fāshè Chǎng
5202:2014 establishments in China
4719:Yongxing Island/Woody Island
4420:(relay satellite, Mar 2024)
2972:(interplanetary exploration)
58:"Wenchang Space Launch Site"
4875:Haikou College of Economics
4755:Hainan black crested gibbon
4735:Hainan yellow lantern chili
4392:(relay satellite, May 2018)
4098:China Aerospace Corporation
4006:Universities and institutes
3888:-class space tracking ships
1958:Japanese private launches:
967:rocket from Wenchang LC-1.
615:Central Military Commission
483:GPX (secondary coordinates)
5218:
3961:Wenchang Space Launch Site
3880:Chinese Deep Space Network
3761:Future missions marked in
3464:List of Chinese astronauts
1856:Chinese private launches:
1692:Wall, Mike (29 May 2021).
794:19.6144917°N 110.9511333°E
619:People's Republic of China
495:Wenchang Space Launch Site
374:Wenchang Space Launch Site
178:19.6144917°N 110.9511333°E
124:Wenchang Space Launch Site
5108:
5095:Yangpu Ancient Salt Field
5065:Mission Hills Star Trophy
4880:Hainan Medical University
4614:
4544:
4333:
4282:
3757:
2983:
2779:
2766:China Manned Space Agency
2751:
600:Planning and construction
498:
478:GPX (primary coordinates)
453:Map all coordinates using
444:
410:
378:
219:
137:
128:
5085:Temple of the Five Lords
4974:Buildings and structures
4885:Hainan Normal University
4206:Spacecraft manufacturers
915:On 3 November 2016, the
461:Download coordinates as:
398:Traditional Chinese
4981:Crown of Beauty Theatre
4812:Hainan Western Ring HSR
4807:Hainan Eastern Ring HSR
4786:Nanguo Metropolis Daily
4750:Hainan peacock-pheasant
4056:Ministries and agencies
4035:School of Aeronautics,
3918:Suborbital launch sites
2665:Soviet Union / Russia:
1760:(in Chinese). China.com
1013:CZ-5 (Y2) rollout, 2017
908:The first launch was a
799:19.6144917; 110.9511333
621:on 22 September 2007.
384:Simplified Chinese
183:19.6144917; 110.9511333
4827:Qionghai Bo'ao Airport
3550:Tiangong space station
990:Launches from Wenchang
923:from the launch site.
844:19.61836°N 110.95574°E
4986:Haikou Century Bridge
4343:Chinese space program
3248:Space Solar Telescope
2989:Projects and missions
2745:Chinese space program
1917:Shahroud Space Center
1222:spacepolicyonline.com
1102:Chinese space program
555:Reasons for selection
473:GPX (all coordinates)
5070:Nanwan Monkey Island
4213:ChangGuang Satellite
4126:Commercial companies
3939:Orbital launch sites
3355:Uncrewed expeditions
2939:Exploration programs
2386:International waters
1345:on 24 September 2015
869:Wenchang launch pads
735:19.6139°N 110.9513°E
668:) and Dongjiao (东郊,
570:geosynchronous orbit
43:improve this article
5197:Spaceports in China
5038:Visitor attractions
5024:Hainan chicken rice
4847:Haikou Xiuying Port
4253:Component suppliers
4146:Deep Blue Aerospace
3842:Shanghai space city
3837:Wenchang space city
3827:Dongfeng space city
3749:Lanyue Lunar Lander
2960:(lunar exploration)
2954:(human spaceflight)
2357:Barreira do Inferno
2062:Dombarovsky / Yasny
1862:Wenchang Commercial
1752:Hainan Space Center
1566:www.astronautix.com
1515:www.astronautix.com
1464:www.astronautix.com
1448:. 19 November 2007.
1396:. 22 September 2007
980:China Space Station
961:China Space Station
849:19.61836; 110.95574
839: /
789: /
730: /
683: /
643: /
174: /
125:
4288:marked with * sign
3925:Nanhui Launch Site
3832:Beijing space city
3612:Telecommunications
3391:Crewed expeditions
2536:Algeria / France:
2168:Cape Canaveral SFS
2144:Spaceport Cornwall
1653:The New York Times
1339:News.xinhuanet.com
1251:China Daily.com.cn
1171:on 4 November 2016
688:19.567°N 110.867°E
648:19.652°N 110.963°E
584:Economic potential
5140:
5139:
5045:Statue of Guanyin
4890:Hainan University
4699:Songtao Reservoir
4664:Islands of Hainan
4576:
4575:
4293:
4292:
4278:
4277:
4121:
4120:
3979:Crewed spacecraft
3974:
3973:
3906:
3905:
3847:Yantai space city
3772:
3771:
3590:
3589:
3586:
3585:
3339:
3338:
3258:Earth observation
3002:Planetary science
2979:
2978:
2787:and landing sites
2711:
2710:
2421:Kulasekharapatnam
2402:
2401:
2238:Spaceport America
976:Long March 7 (Y3)
740:19.6139; 110.9513
505:on the island of
448:
447:
440:
439:
421:Standard Mandarin
369:
368:
365:
364:
314:First launch
288:
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245:First launch
119:
118:
111:
93:
5209:
5169:
5168:
5167:
5157:
5156:
5155:
5148:
5128:
5127:
5116:
5115:
5029:Wenchang chicken
4966:
4954:
4900:Sanya University
4745:Hainan partridge
4714:Yangpu Peninsula
4704:Wuzhizhou Island
4617:Haikou (capital)
4603:
4596:
4589:
4580:
4564:
4563:
4552:
4551:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4297:
4133:Launch providers
4130:
4003:
3915:
3817:
3799:
3792:
3785:
3776:
3734:
3726:
3718:
3710:
3702:
3679:
3671:
3663:
3655:
3647:
3639:
3631:
3623:
3579:
3571:
3563:
3541:
3533:
3525:
3517:
3509:
3501:
3493:
3485:
3352:
3332:
3322:
3309:
3301:
3293:
3285:
3277:
3269:
3243:
3233:
3225:
3217:
3209:
3201:
3193:
3185:
3162:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3122:
3112:
3102:
3094:
3086:
3078:
3070:
3062:
3054:
3046:
3038:
3030:
3021:
3013:
2999:
2985:
2911:(In development)
2905:(In development)
2781:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2715:
2690:
2655:Broglio, Malindi
2600:Greifswalder Oie
2592:
2519:
2480:
2459:United Kingdom:
2455:Spaceport Sweden
2324:Reagan Test Site
2317:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2140:United Kingdom:
2134:
1974:
1939:
1827:
1815:
1797:
1790:
1783:
1774:
1769:
1767:
1765:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1733:
1731:
1729:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1689:
1683:
1682:
1680:
1678:
1663:
1657:
1656:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1562:"Wenchang LC201"
1558:
1552:
1551:
1549:
1547:
1540:Sino Defence.com
1532:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1521:
1511:"Wenchang LC101"
1507:
1501:
1500:
1498:
1496:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1472:
1470:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1438:
1432:
1431:
1429:
1427:
1422:on 27 March 2012
1412:
1406:
1405:
1403:
1401:
1386:
1380:
1379:
1377:
1375:
1361:
1355:
1354:
1352:
1350:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1322:
1320:
1311:. Archived from
1301:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1279:
1273:
1272:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1242:
1233:
1232:
1230:
1228:
1213:
1207:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1178:
1176:
1167:. Archived from
1157:
1151:
1150:
1138:
1084:
1069:
1054:
1039:
1022:
1010:
998:
919:rocket made its
892:
877:
863:
862:
860:
859:
858:
856:
851:
850:
845:
840:
837:
836:
835:
832:
813:
812:
810:
809:
808:
806:
801:
800:
795:
790:
787:
786:
785:
782:
754:
753:
751:
750:
749:
747:
742:
741:
736:
731:
728:
727:
726:
723:
707:
706:
704:
703:
702:
700:
699:Dongjiao village
695:
694:
689:
684:
681:
680:
679:
676:
667:
666:
664:
663:
662:
660:
655:
654:
649:
644:
641:
640:
639:
636:
500:
436:
435:
412:
406:
405:
392:
391:
371:
330:Last launch
290:
257:Last launch
221:
189:
188:
186:
185:
184:
179:
175:
172:
171:
170:
167:
133:
126:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
5217:
5216:
5212:
5211:
5210:
5208:
5207:
5206:
5177:
5176:
5175:
5165:
5163:
5153:
5151:
5143:
5141:
5136:
5104:
5033:
5010:
4969:
4960:
4958:Mainland People
4948:
4904:
4861:
4842:Haikou New Port
4817:Hainan Airlines
4795:
4764:
4728:Flora and fauna
4723:
4652:
4619:
4610:
4607:
4577:
4572:
4540:
4509:
4488:
4457:Launch vehicles
4452:
4347:
4329:
4324:
4294:
4289:
4286:state ownership
4274:
4260:Jiuzhou Yunjian
4248:
4239:Smart Satellite
4201:
4157:Galactic Energy
4117:
4051:
3998:
3992:
3988:Siziwang Banner
3980:
3970:
3934:
3902:
3863:control centers
3862:
3856:
3808:
3803:
3773:
3768:
3753:
3737:
3732:
3724:
3716:
3708:
3700:
3691:
3689:
3682:
3677:
3669:
3661:
3653:
3645:
3637:
3629:
3627:Chinasat Series
3621:
3607:
3582:
3577:
3569:
3561:
3544:
3539:
3531:
3523:
3515:
3507:
3499:
3491:
3483:
3469:
3386:
3346:
3335:
3330:
3320:
3307:
3299:
3291:
3283:
3275:
3267:
3253:
3241:
3231:
3223:
3215:
3207:
3199:
3191:
3183:
3174:
3172:
3165:
3160:
3150:
3140:
3130:
3120:
3110:
3100:
3092:
3084:
3076:
3068:
3060:
3052:
3044:
3036:
3028:
3019:
3011:
2990:
2975:
2966:(space station)
2934:
2825:Launch vehicles
2819:
2814:Siziwang Banner
2775:
2747:
2742:
2712:
2707:
2688:
2653:Kenya / Italy:
2628:Salto di Quirra
2590:
2525:
2517:
2490:Clinton-Sherman
2478:
2398:
2380:
2374:Guiana / Kourou
2330:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2292:Mahia Peninsula
2274:Southern Launch
2249:
2243:SpaceX Starbase
2150:
2132:
2068:
1972:
1937:
1825:
1806:
1801:
1763:
1761:
1756:
1742:
1740:
1736:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1713:
1712:
1702:
1700:
1691:
1690:
1686:
1676:
1674:
1665:
1664:
1660:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1570:
1568:
1560:
1559:
1555:
1545:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1519:
1517:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1494:
1492:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1468:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1453:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1425:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1409:
1399:
1397:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1373:
1371:
1363:
1362:
1358:
1348:
1346:
1333:
1332:
1328:
1318:
1316:
1309:Sinodefence.com
1303:
1302:
1298:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1271:. 4 March 2008.
1263:
1262:
1258:
1244:
1243:
1236:
1226:
1224:
1215:
1214:
1210:
1200:
1198:
1197:on 23 July 2011
1189:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1140:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1098:
1091:
1085:
1076:
1070:
1061:
1055:
1046:
1040:
1031:
1023:
1014:
1011:
1002:
999:
986:crewed mission.
947:from Wenchang.
906:
899:
893:
884:
878:
854:
852:
848:
846:
842:
841:
838:
833:
830:
828:
826:
825:
804:
802:
798:
796:
792:
791:
788:
783:
780:
778:
776:
775:
761:
745:
743:
739:
737:
733:
732:
729:
724:
721:
719:
717:
716:
698:
696:
693:19.567; 110.867
692:
690:
686:
685:
682:
677:
674:
672:
670:
669:
659:Longlou village
658:
656:
653:19.652; 110.963
652:
650:
646:
645:
642:
637:
634:
632:
630:
629:
602:
586:
562:
557:
491:
490:
489:
488:
487:
358:
354:
347:
334:
318:
281:
274:
261:
249:
248:3 November 2016
182:
180:
176:
173:
168:
165:
163:
161:
160:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5215:
5213:
5205:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5179:
5178:
5174:
5173:
5161:
5138:
5137:
5135:
5134:
5122:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5103:
5102:
5097:
5092:
5090:Tianya Haijiao
5087:
5082:
5080:Phoenix Island
5077:
5075:Nanshan Temple
5072:
5067:
5062:
5057:
5052:
5047:
5041:
5039:
5035:
5034:
5032:
5031:
5026:
5020:
5018:
5012:
5011:
5009:
5008:
5006:Hainan Library
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4970:
4968:
4967:
4955:
4943:
4938:
4933:
4928:
4923:
4918:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4897:
4892:
4887:
4882:
4877:
4871:
4869:
4863:
4862:
4860:
4859:
4857:Port of Yangpu
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4803:
4801:
4800:Transportation
4797:
4796:
4794:
4793:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4772:
4770:
4766:
4765:
4763:
4762:
4757:
4752:
4747:
4742:
4740:Hainan gymnure
4737:
4731:
4729:
4725:
4724:
4722:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4709:Wuzhi Mountain
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4674:Haidian Island
4671:
4666:
4660:
4658:
4654:
4653:
4651:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4629:
4627:
4621:
4620:
4615:
4612:
4611:
4608:
4606:
4605:
4598:
4591:
4583:
4574:
4573:
4571:
4570:
4558:
4545:
4542:
4541:
4539:
4538:
4533:
4528:
4523:
4517:
4515:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4502:
4496:
4494:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4460:
4458:
4454:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4442:
4434:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4424:Tiandu 1 and 2
4413:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4393:
4387:
4381:
4380:
4379:
4368:
4362:
4355:
4353:
4349:
4348:
4346:
4345:
4340:
4334:
4331:
4330:
4325:
4323:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4300:
4291:
4290:
4283:
4280:
4279:
4276:
4275:
4273:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4256:
4254:
4250:
4249:
4247:
4246:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4209:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4148:
4143:
4136:
4134:
4127:
4123:
4122:
4119:
4118:
4116:
4115:
4110:
4105:
4100:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4070:
4065:
4059:
4057:
4053:
4052:
4050:
4049:
4044:
4039:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4018:
4009:
4007:
4000:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3990:
3984:
3982:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3953:
3948:
3942:
3940:
3936:
3935:
3933:
3932:
3927:
3921:
3919:
3912:
3908:
3907:
3904:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3866:
3864:
3861:Monitoring and
3858:
3857:
3855:
3854:
3849:
3844:
3839:
3834:
3829:
3823:
3821:
3814:
3810:
3809:
3804:
3802:
3801:
3794:
3787:
3779:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3758:
3755:
3754:
3752:
3751:
3745:
3743:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3733:(2016–present)
3727:
3725:(1971–present)
3722:Shijian Series
3719:
3717:(2016–present)
3711:
3703:
3694:
3692:
3687:
3684:
3683:
3681:
3680:
3678:(2024–present)
3672:
3670:(2024–present)
3664:
3662:(2019–present)
3656:
3654:(2008–present)
3648:
3646:(2024–present)
3643:Tiandu 1 and 2
3640:
3638:(2018–present)
3632:
3630:(1994–present)
3624:
3622:(1994–present)
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3606:
3605:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3591:
3588:
3587:
3584:
3583:
3581:
3580:
3578:(2022–present)
3572:
3570:(2022–present)
3564:
3562:(2021–present)
3555:
3553:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3542:
3534:
3526:
3518:
3510:
3502:
3494:
3486:
3477:
3475:
3471:
3470:
3468:
3467:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3394:
3392:
3388:
3387:
3385:
3384:
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3358:
3356:
3349:
3341:
3340:
3337:
3336:
3334:
3333:
3323:
3321:(1999–present)
3310:
3308:(2006–present)
3302:
3300:(2016–present)
3294:
3292:(2002–present)
3289:Haiyang Series
3286:
3284:(2013–present)
3278:
3270:
3268:(2018–present)
3261:
3259:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3251:
3244:
3234:
3226:
3221:Einstein Probe
3218:
3216:(2022–present)
3210:
3208:(2021–present)
3202:
3200:(2020–present)
3194:
3192:(2017–present)
3186:
3184:(2015–present)
3177:
3175:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3153:
3143:
3133:
3123:
3113:
3103:
3095:
3093:(2021–present)
3087:
3085:(2020–present)
3079:
3077:(2020–present)
3071:
3069:(2018–present)
3063:
3061:(2018–present)
3055:
3047:
3045:(2014–present)
3039:
3037:(2013–present)
3031:
3022:
3020:(2010–present)
3014:
3005:
3003:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2988:
2981:
2980:
2977:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2967:
2961:
2955:
2949:
2942:
2940:
2936:
2935:
2933:
2932:
2927:
2922:
2917:
2912:
2906:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2829:
2827:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2816:(landing site)
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2790:
2788:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2733:
2726:
2718:
2709:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2700:
2694:
2685:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2663:
2657:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2618:
2612:
2610:Tuchola Forest
2607:
2602:
2597:
2587:
2582:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2560:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2547:
2542:
2533:
2531:
2527:
2526:
2524:
2523:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2487:
2475:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2436:
2435:
2434:
2423:
2417:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2390:
2388:
2382:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2377:
2376:
2361:
2360:
2359:
2354:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2327:
2326:
2296:
2295:
2294:
2283:
2282:
2281:
2271:
2270:
2269:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2250:
2248:
2247:
2246:
2245:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2212:
2211:
2210:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2195:
2185:
2184:
2183:
2177:Vandenberg SFB
2174:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2147:
2146:
2138:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2113:
2112:
2111:
2106:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2088:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2054:
2053:
2052:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2028:
2027:
2026:
2015:
2014:
2013:
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2001:
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1716:External links
1714:
1711:
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1684:
1658:
1639:
1636:. 2 July 2017.
1621:
1603:
1591:Spaceflightnow
1578:
1553:
1542:. 11 July 2012
1527:
1502:
1476:
1451:
1433:
1407:
1392:(in Chinese).
1381:
1369:Google My Maps
1356:
1326:
1315:on 3 July 2015
1296:
1283:"Long March 5"
1274:
1256:
1234:
1208:
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1152:
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1005:
1003:
1000:
993:
991:
974:launched on a
943:directly into
905:
904:Launch history
902:
901:
900:
898:launch, LC-201
894:
887:
885:
883:launch, LC-101
879:
872:
870:
866:
865:
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497:(Chinese:
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415:Transcriptions
408:
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367:
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333:22 August 2024
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204:Total launches
201:
200:
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190:
158:
154:
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143:
139:
138:
135:
134:
117:
116:
31:
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5050:Hainan Museum
5048:
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4947:
4946:Lingao people
4944:
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4707:
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4697:
4695:
4694:Wanquan River
4692:
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4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
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4672:
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4669:Dazhou Island
4667:
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4641:
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4609:Hainan topics
4604:
4599:
4597:
4592:
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4584:
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4569:
4568:
4559:
4557:
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4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4526:Ouyang Ziyuan
4524:
4522:
4521:Zhang Qingwei
4519:
4518:
4516:
4512:
4506:
4503:
4501:
4498:
4497:
4495:
4491:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4474:Long March 3C
4472:
4470:
4469:Long March 3B
4467:
4465:
4464:Long March 3A
4462:
4461:
4459:
4455:
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4192:Space Pioneer
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4027:
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4008:
4004:
4001:
3999:organizations
3995:
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3728:
3723:
3720:
3715:
3712:
3707:
3704:
3699:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3690:demonstrators
3685:
3676:
3673:
3668:
3665:
3660:
3657:
3652:
3649:
3644:
3641:
3636:
3633:
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3625:
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3619:Apstar Series
3617:
3616:
3614:
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3603:
3600:
3599:
3597:
3593:
3576:
3573:
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3357:
3353:
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3329:
3328:
3324:
3318:
3314:
3313:Ziyuan Series
3311:
3306:
3305:Yaogan Series
3303:
3298:
3295:
3290:
3287:
3282:
3281:Gaofen Series
3279:
3274:
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3266:
3263:
3262:
3260:
3256:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3240:
3239:
3235:
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3214:
3211:
3206:
3203:
3198:
3195:
3190:
3187:
3182:
3179:
3178:
3176:
3171:Astronomy and
3168:
3159:
3158:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3144:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3129:
3128:
3124:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3109:
3108:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3091:
3090:Zhurong rover
3088:
3083:
3080:
3075:
3072:
3067:
3064:
3059:
3056:
3051:
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3043:
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3007:
3006:
3004:
3000:
2997:
2993:
2986:
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2953:
2950:
2947:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2937:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2920:Long March 12
2918:
2916:
2915:Long March 11
2913:
2910:
2909:Long March 10
2907:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2878:Long March 4C
2876:
2874:
2873:Long March 4B
2871:
2869:
2868:Long March 4A
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2858:Long March 3C
2856:
2854:
2853:Long March 3B
2851:
2849:
2848:Long March 3A
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2826:
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2800:
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2727:
2725:
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2699:
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2686:
2684:
2683:El Arenosillo
2680:
2678:
2675:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2664:
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2659:North Korea:
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2335:South America
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2285:New Zealand:
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2182:
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2175:
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2155:United States
2153:
2145:
2142:
2141:
2139:
2137:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2122:El Arenosillo
2120:
2119:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2096:
2092:
2089:
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2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2017:South Korea:
2016:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2004:North Korea:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1987:
1984:
1983:
1982:
1978:
1970:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1935:
1931:
1928:
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1914:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1902:
1901:
1897:
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1890:
1889:
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1877:
1875:
1874:Satish Dhawan
1872:
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1149:(in Chinese).
1148:
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1038:
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1016:
1009:
1004:
997:
992:
989:
987:
985:
981:
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968:
966:
965:Long March 5B
962:
958:
957:
951:
948:
946:
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937:
934:
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924:
922:
921:maiden flight
918:
913:
911:
903:
897:
891:
886:
882:
876:
871:
868:
861:
823:
820:designed for
819:
816:
811:
784:110°57′4.08″E
781:19°36′52.17″N
773:
770:designed for
769:
766:
765:
764:
758:
756:
752:
714:
709:
705:
665:
627:
622:
620:
616:
612:
611:State Council
607:
599:
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591:
590:Wenchang City
583:
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559:
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456:OpenStreetMap
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401:
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395:
387:
385:
381:
377:
372:
361:
357:
356:Long March 7A
353:
350:
344:
341:
337:
336:Long March 7A
332:
328:
325:
321:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
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283:Long March 5B
280:
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259:
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247:
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239:
235:
231:
227:
222:
218:
214:
212:Launch pad(s)
210:
206:
202:
199:
196:
192:
187:
169:110°57′4.08″E
166:19°36′52.17″N
159:
155:
151:
147:
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140:
136:
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110:
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70:
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
5129:
5117:
4909:Demographics
4791:Hainan Daily
4566:
4554:
4484:Long March 8
4479:Long March 5
4444:
4436:
4415:
4384:Chang'e 5-T1
4224:Galaxy Space
3981:landing site
3960:
3911:Launch sites
3885:
3820:Space cities
3762:
3325:
3246:
3236:
3155:
3145:
3135:
3125:
3115:
3105:
3066:Yutu-2 rover
3042:Chang'e 5-T1
2903:Long March 9
2898:Long March 8
2893:Long March 7
2888:Long March 6
2883:Long March 5
2863:Long March 4
2843:Long March 3
2838:Long March 2
2833:Long March 1
2574:Resolute Bay
2161:Government:
2104:Kapustin Yar
1940:government:
1844:
1828:government:
1762:. Retrieved
1741:. Retrieved
1726:. Retrieved
1701:. Retrieved
1687:
1675:. Retrieved
1661:
1652:
1642:
1633:
1624:
1616:en.people.cn
1615:
1606:
1594:. Retrieved
1590:
1581:
1569:. Retrieved
1565:
1556:
1544:. Retrieved
1539:
1530:
1518:. Retrieved
1514:
1505:
1493:. Retrieved
1489:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
1463:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1424:. Retrieved
1420:the original
1410:
1398:. Retrieved
1384:
1372:. Retrieved
1368:
1359:
1347:. Retrieved
1343:the original
1338:
1329:
1317:. Retrieved
1313:the original
1308:
1299:
1287:. Retrieved
1277:
1268:
1259:
1250:
1225:. Retrieved
1221:
1211:
1199:. Retrieved
1195:the original
1185:
1173:. Retrieved
1169:the original
1164:
1155:
1147:The Paper.cn
1146:
1136:
1025:
969:
955:
952:
949:
938:
935:
932:
925:
917:Long March 5
914:
910:Long March 7
907:
817:
767:
762:
710:
623:
603:
587:
578:
563:
545:Tianjin port
534:
530:Long March 5
511:
509:, in China.
494:
492:
460:
459:
452:
428:Hanyu Pinyin
360:Long March 8
352:Long March 7
320:Long March 7
317:25 June 2016
279:Long March 5
263:Long March 5
251:Long March 5
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
5159:Spaceflight
4961: [
4949: [
4760:Hainan hare
4689:Nandu River
4679:Haitang Bay
4398:(Dec 2018)
4373:(Dec 2013)
4187:Space Epoch
3709:(1969–2006)
3706:FSW Program
3659:Tianlian II
3492:(2016–2019)
3484:(2011–2018)
3458:Shenzhou 18
3453:Shenzhou 17
3448:Shenzhou 16
3443:Shenzhou 15
3438:Shenzhou 14
3433:Shenzhou 13
3428:Shenzhou 12
3423:Shenzhou 11
3418:Shenzhou 10
3347:spaceflight
3273:Double Star
3053:(2013–2016)
2948:(cancelled)
2556:Australia:
2425:Indonesia:
2260:Australia:
1998:Sary Shagan
1947:Tanegashima
1892:Pameungpeuk
1885:Indonesia:
1546:23 February
1495:23 February
1446:Space Daily
1349:23 February
1319:23 February
1289:23 February
1269:Space Daily
1245:Zhao, Lei.
1227:23 November
1165:v.ifeng.com
984:Shenzhou-12
847: /
834:110°57′21″E
797: /
759:Launch pads
738: /
725:110°57′05″E
691: /
678:110°52′01″E
651: /
638:110°57′47″E
604:During the
512:Formally a
340:Chinasat 4A
181: /
157:Coordinates
16:Launch site
5181:Categories
5100:Yalong Bay
5060:Luobi Cave
4852:Macun Port
4837:Basuo Port
4536:Ye Peijian
4531:Ma Xingrui
4493:Facilities
4433:(May 2024)
4412:(Nov 2020)
4386:(Oct 2014)
4377:Yutu rover
4367:(Oct 2010)
4361:(Oct 2007)
4197:Space Trek
4182:Orienspace
3997:Associated
3688:Technology
3651:Tianlian I
3595:Navigation
3537:Tianzhou 6
3529:Tianzhou 5
3521:Tianzhou 4
3513:Tianzhou 3
3505:Tianzhou 2
3497:Tianzhou 1
3489:Tiangong 2
3481:Tiangong 1
3413:Shenzhou 9
3408:Shenzhou 7
3403:Shenzhou 6
3398:Shenzhou 5
3382:Shenzhou 8
3377:Shenzhou 4
3372:Shenzhou 3
3367:Shenzhou 2
3362:Shenzhou 1
3050:Yutu rover
2785:Spaceports
2605:Peenemünde
2569:Hall Beach
2530:Historical
2471:Sutherland
2394:Sea Launch
2367:/ France:
2287:Rocket Lab
2218:Corn Ranch
2208:Poker Flat
2204:Academic:
2030:Pakistan:
1975:/ Russia:
1971:Kazakhstan
1804:Spaceports
1764:12 January
1743:12 January
1728:12 January
1596:20 October
1460:"Wenchang"
1426:13 January
1400:13 January
1201:13 January
1175:3 November
1128:References
1088:Shijian-23
972:Tianzhou-2
928:Shijian-18
853: (
831:19°37′06″N
803: (
744: (
722:19°36′50″N
697: (
675:19°34′01″N
657: (
635:19°39′07″N
514:suborbital
346:Associated
273:Associated
260:3 May 2024
69:newspapers
4916:Hainanese
4867:Education
4781:Haikou TV
4776:Hainan TV
4684:Sanya Bay
4657:Geography
4446:Chang'e 8
4438:Chang'e 7
4431:Chang'e 6
4417:Queqiao 2
4410:Chang'e 5
4396:Chang'e 4
4371:Chang'e 3
4365:Chang'e 2
4359:Chang'e 1
4270:ZeroG Lab
4172:LinkSpace
4167:LandSpace
4140:CAS Space
3675:Queqiao 2
3276:(2003–07)
3173:cosmology
3157:Tianwen-3
3147:Tianwen-4
3137:Chang'e 8
3127:Chang'e 7
3117:Tianwen-2
3098:Chang'e 6
3082:Chang'e 5
3074:Tianwen-1
3058:Chang'e 4
3034:Chang'e 3
3025:Yinghuo 1
3017:Chang'e 2
3012:(2007–09)
3009:Chang'e 1
2930:Kaituozhe
2692:Kronogård
2593:Germany:
2564:Churchill
2558:Carnarvon
2545:Hammaguir
2521:El Hierro
2500:Ellington
2352:Alcântara
2214:Private:
2050:Vostochny
2045:Roscosmos
1977:Roscosmos
1960:Space One
1952:Uchinoura
1930:Palmachim
1698:Space.com
1672:SpaceNews
1490:Space.com
1043:Chang'e 5
1027:Tianwen-1
941:Tianwen-1
549:Chang'e-5
526:19° north
518:spaceport
267:Chang'e 6
99:July 2022
5119:Category
4643:Politics
4555:Category
4352:Missions
4234:OK-Space
4229:Geespace
4177:OneSpace
3930:Base 603
3886:Yuanwang
3575:Mengtian
2964:Tiangong
2946:Shuguang
2925:Kuaizhou
2804:Wenchang
2677:Svobodny
2639:Nii-jima
2622:Balasore
2614:Greece:
2562:Canada:
2495:Colorado
2481:States:
2466:SaxaVord
2453:Sweden:
2447:Hokkaido
2413:Canada:
2407:Proposed
2363:Europe:
2341:Brazil:
2298:Marshall
2279:Koonibba
2128:Sweden:
2109:Plesetsk
2097:Russia:
2079:Norway:
2043:Russia:
2037:Sonmiani
1986:Baikonur
1936:Japanese
1923:Israel:
1845:Wenchang
1677:29 April
1634:BBC News
1096:See also
713:Dongjiao
626:Wenchang
613:and the
606:Cold War
574:azimuths
560:Location
522:latitude
503:Wenchang
306:Launches
237:Launches
194:Operator
146:Wenchang
142:Location
5145:Portals
5131:Commons
5016:Cuisine
4648:Economy
4633:History
4625:General
4567:Commons
4390:Queqiao
4244:Spacety
4219:COMMSAT
4162:i-Space
3813:Centers
3763:italics
3742:Related
3730:XPNAV 1
3667:Qianfan
3635:Queqiao
3567:Wentian
3552:modules
3238:Xuntian
3107:Shensuo
2995:Science
2970:Tianwen
2958:Chang'e
2809:Xichang
2799:Taiyuan
2794:Jiuquan
2698:Edwards
2687:Sweden:
2681:Spain:
2672:Okhotsk
2661:Tonghae
2632:Japan:
2626:Italy:
2620:India:
2580:Guangde
2578:China:
2550:Reggane
2510:Midland
2438:Japan:
2419:India:
2314:States:
2302:Islands
2267:Woomera
2254:Oceania
2223:Pacific
2198:Wallops
2193:Kennedy
2136:Esrange
2115:Spain:
2091:SvalRak
2032:SUPARCO
1867:India:
1850:Xichang
1840:Taiyuan
1835:Jiuquan
1824:Chinese
1374:21 July
1073:Wentian
959:of the
818:LC-201,
768:LC-101,
617:of the
499:文昌航天发射场
404:文昌航天發射場
390:文昌航天发射场
348:rockets
275:rockets
152:, China
83:scholar
4931:Zhuang
4514:People
4449:(2028)
4441:(2026)
4402:Yutu-2
4265:SMotor
4151:ExPace
3701:(2020)
3559:Tianhe
3540:(2023)
3532:(2022)
3524:(2022)
3516:(2021)
3508:(2021)
3500:(2017)
3331:(2025)
3297:TanSat
3242:(2026)
3232:(2024)
3224:(2023)
3161:(2030)
3151:(2029)
3141:(2028)
3131:(2026)
3121:(2025)
3111:(2024)
3101:(2024)
3029:(2011)
2689:
2667:Kheysa
2644:Obachi
2616:Koroni
2595:Blizna
2591:
2585:Nanhui
2518:
2516:Spain:
2479:
2477:United
2316:
2312:
2310:United
2308:
2304:
2300:
2233:Mojave
2133:
2086:Andøya
2073:Europe
1973:
1938:
1905:Semnan
1898:Iran:
1879:Thumba
1826:
1811:Active
1703:5 June
1571:7 June
1520:7 June
1469:7 June
1058:Tianhe
956:Tianhe
855:LC-201
805:LC-101
594:Hainan
566:Hainan
507:Hainan
301:Active
298:Status
232:Active
229:Status
150:Hainan
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
5171:China
4965:]
4953:]
4941:Tanka
4936:Utsul
4769:Media
4404:rover
3714:QUESS
3604:(BDS)
3345:Human
3327:SMILE
3317:CBERS
3213:ASO-S
3205:CHASE
3197:GECAM
3181:DAMPE
2696:USA:
2649:Ryori
2634:Akita
2540:CIEES
2505:Maine
2485:Cecil
2427:LAPAN
2415:Canso
2011:Sohae
1887:LAPAN
1858:HICAL
324:YZ-1A
90:JSTOR
76:books
4926:Miao
3265:CSES
3229:SVOM
3189:HXMT
2703:WSSH
2589:Nazi
2461:UKSA
2442:Oita
2432:Biak
2369:CNES
2262:RAAF
2228:MARS
2188:NASA
2163:USSF
2117:INTA
2081:NOSA
2024:Naro
2019:KARI
2006:NADA
1942:JAXA
1912:IRGC
1869:ISRO
1830:CNSA
1818:Asia
1766:2014
1745:2014
1730:2014
1705:2021
1679:2021
1598:2016
1573:2023
1548:2016
1522:2023
1497:2016
1471:2023
1428:2011
1402:2011
1394:Sohu
1376:2023
1351:2016
1321:2016
1291:2016
1229:2020
1203:2011
1177:2016
896:CZ-7
881:CZ-5
822:CZ-7
772:CZ-5
537:CZ-5
493:The
198:CASC
62:news
4013:CAS
2952:CMS
2365:ESA
2347:AEB
2343:FAB
2319:DoD
2130:SSC
2099:VKS
2057:VKS
1993:VKS
1981:VKS
1965:Kii
1925:ISA
1900:ISA
945:TMI
708:).
541:LEO
468:KML
215:Two
45:by
5183::
4963:zh
4951:zh
4921:Li
3319:)
3027:†
2345:/
2181:WR
2179:/
2172:ER
2170:/
1979:/
1696:.
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1651:.
1632:.
1614:.
1589:.
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1513:.
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1307:.
1267:.
1249:.
1237:^
1220:.
1163:.
524:,
338:/
322:/
309:19
265:/
240:12
207:31
148:,
5147::
4602:e
4595:t
4588:v
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4305:v
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4153:*
4142:*
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3791:t
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3462:(
3315:(
2737:e
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