707:
769:. It had suffered a series of defeats during the war that left it blockaded in its own harbours and unable to put to sea without attack from British squadrons waiting off the coast. Cut off from French trade and supplies, the Caribbean colonies began to suffer from food shortages and collapsing economies, and messages were sent to France in the summer of 1808 requesting urgent help.
30:
846:. The lack of French privateers and warships sparked a boom in trade operations, and the economies of the Caribbean islands experienced a resurgence. It also made a significant reduction in French international trade and had a corresponding effect on the French economy. Finally, the capture of the last French colony struck a decisive blow to the
772:
Some of these messages were intercepted by the patrolling Royal Navy. Based on the description in those messages of the low morale and weak defences of the
Caribbean territories, the decision was taken to eliminate the threat from the French colonies for the remainder of the war by seizing and
586:
until 18 September when a summons was immediately dispatched to the Dutch governor. A party arrived on 20 June and terms of surrender were agreed. Another deputation had to be sent to the separately governed colony of
Berbice which was eventually taken, without a fight, on 27 September.
850:, which had been made illegal by the British government in 1807 and was actively persecuted by the Royal Navy. Without French colonies in the Caribbean, there was no ready market for slaves in the region and the slave trade consequently dried up.
1964:
764:
that could strike against
British trade routes at will, forcing the Royal Navy to divert extensive resources to protect their convoys. However, the maintenance and support of these bases was a significant task for the
577:
had applied to the
British government for a peaceful take over. A large portion of Grinfield's forces had since been used up as garrisons of the newly captured French islands but by supplementing his force with
58:
759:
By 1808 French colonial territories in the
Caribbean were a drain on both the French and British navies. The fortified harbours on the islands and coastal towns provided shelter for French warships and
1969:
1974:
842:
The fall of
Guadeloupe marked the end of the final French territory in the Caribbean; the entire region was now in the hands of either the British or the Spanish, except the independent state of
427:
51:
202:
1478:
1129:
44:
1353:
573:
On 10 August, Grinfield received orders to call on the surrender of the colonies of
Demerara, Essequibo and Berbice. The Dutch colonies, unhappy with the rule of the
1984:
1610:
1999:
468:
471:. Eventually British naval forces dominated the seas and by 1810 every French, Dutch and Danish colony was firmly under allied (mainly British) control.
810:
377:
164:
1979:
1959:
1600:
749:
195:
124:
1413:
525:
87:
1199:
1189:
1122:
804:
159:
1468:
1057:
740:
of Santo
Domingo revolted against French rule and were later assisted by the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom who were now Spain's new ally.
1615:
407:
188:
139:
417:
511:
in northern South
America. The Dutch, being allied to the French, also had islands in the West Indies and territories in South America.
134:
1286:
397:
382:
1483:
1115:
721:
492:
1510:
316:
299:
287:
275:
255:
238:
233:
1949:
1712:
1098:
1076:
1038:
1019:
1000:
1595:
1473:
1418:
1281:
345:
340:
1894:
1749:
570:
had been stormed, and Tobago nine days later and, after leaving men to hold these islands, the expedition returned to
Barbados.
402:
1994:
665:
655:
1707:
1660:
1650:
1635:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1159:
832:
821:
732:
By this time Spain a former enemy of the British and ally of the French was now invaded by French forces which led to the
412:
392:
169:
149:
1899:
1448:
1989:
1924:
1565:
1296:
555:
117:
1575:
1545:
727:
249:
1050:
Death Before Glory - The British Soldier in the West Indies in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars 1793-1815
1954:
1849:
1754:
1717:
1665:
1560:
1540:
1535:
1515:
1326:
1231:
793:
596:
334:
305:
265:
227:
154:
92:
82:
1884:
1844:
1555:
1403:
692:
327:
144:
1879:
602:
107:
1854:
1839:
1640:
1520:
422:
367:
1690:
1530:
1138:
677:
260:
129:
97:
1789:
1408:
1306:
773:
occupying them in a series of amphibious operations. Command of this campaign was given to Rear-Admiral
696:
649:
102:
1301:
1874:
1779:
1702:
1670:
1398:
1236:
1169:
847:
634:
387:
1904:
1869:
1655:
1570:
1525:
1378:
464:
1864:
1675:
1645:
1463:
1453:
1423:
1358:
1276:
1194:
910:
774:
681:
625:
619:
613:
606:
583:
488:
480:
243:
1859:
1784:
1094:
1072:
1053:
1034:
1015:
996:
706:
661:
643:
574:
551:
534:. Hostilities with France resumed in May 1803 but official notification did not arrive in the
456:
452:
362:
311:
112:
17:
1697:
1226:
714:
531:
905:
785:
in preparation for the planned invasion. While the main British forces concentrated in the
566:, and two sloops. St Lucia was captured on 22 June 1803, after the island's main fortress,
1889:
1834:
1685:
1680:
1291:
1086:
1069:
Wars of the Americas: A Chronology of Armed Conflict in the New World, 1492 to the Present
786:
558:, thought attacks against the other two islands feasible, and the expedition set out from
448:
212:
1388:
530:
The United Kingdom's campaign in the Caribbean began shortly after the breakdown of the
1814:
1764:
1428:
1393:
1383:
1164:
737:
496:
357:
293:
1943:
1769:
1550:
1458:
733:
579:
567:
1799:
1794:
351:
562:
on 20 June with 3,149 soldiers, two ships-of-the-line, two frigates, converted to
36:
1804:
1271:
766:
535:
444:
321:
282:
270:
1605:
778:
631:
601:
In 1804, the British captured Surinam. The invasion force comprised Commodore
563:
539:
504:
500:
29:
582:, he was able to amass some 1,300 men. Light winds delayed their arrival off
538:
until mid-June, along with orders to attack France's valuable sugar islands,
1759:
1744:
1107:
761:
550:. Martinique was rejected as too well defended but the commanders in chief,
484:
1809:
789:, smaller expeditionary forces were sent to watch other French colonies.
782:
640:
559:
543:
1774:
508:
33:
Depiction of the British capture of Martinique which took place in 1809
547:
1012:
The Royal Navy, A History from the Earliest Times to 1900, Volume V
843:
705:
460:
180:
28:
1965:
Naval battles of the Napoleonic Wars involving the United Kingdom
1111:
184:
40:
736:. Once the news of the invasion had reached the island, the
711:
Sir J.T. Duckworth's Action off San Domingo, Feb. 7 8th 1806
1970:
Naval battles of the Napoleonic Wars involving France
428:
Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental (1811–1812)
1975:
Naval battles of the Napoleonic Wars involving Spain
781:, gathering a substantial force of ships and men at
88:
St Lucia • Tobago • Demerara • Essequibo and Berbice
1917:
1827:
1737:
1730:
1628:
1588:
1503:
1496:
1441:
1371:
1346:
1339:
1319:
1264:
1219:
1212:
1182:
1152:
1145:
491:to United States. France still retained its large
443:was a series of military contests mainly in the
1123:
196:
52:
8:
507:were large sugar producing islands and also
469:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
1914:
1824:
1734:
1625:
1585:
1500:
1438:
1368:
1343:
1316:
1261:
1216:
1179:
1149:
1130:
1116:
1108:
203:
189:
181:
59:
45:
37:
750:Invasion of the Danish West Indies (1807)
891:
889:
526:British campaign in the Caribbean (1803)
495:which it had acquired from Spain at the
858:
811:Roquebert's expedition to the Caribbean
744:Invasion of the Danish West Indies 1807
378:Linois's expedition to the Indian Ocean
1985:19th-century history of the Royal Navy
2000:Military campaigns involving Portugal
799:French expeditions of resupply (1809)
777:, who focused his initial efforts on
7:
1561:Second Franco-Dahomean War (1892–94)
805:Troude's expedition to the Caribbean
408:British invasions of the River Plate
1576:Voulet–Chanoine Mission (1898–1900)
1566:Second Madagascar expedition (1895)
660:, together with 2,000 troops under
722:French occupation of Santo Domingo
25:
1536:French conquest of Senegal (1854)
991:Adkins, Roy & Lesley (2006).
914:. 19 June 1804. pp. 761–762.
1980:Naval battles involving Portugal
1960:Campaigns of the Napoleonic Wars
1925:Ouvéa cave hostage taking (1988)
1616:Intervention in Mexico (1861–67)
1556:First Franco-Dahomean War (1890)
1449:Burma–France relations (1729–56)
1790:Tunisian independence (1952–56)
1571:Menalamba rebellion (1895-1903)
1409:French and Indian War (1754–60)
1029:Gardiner, Robert, ed. (2001) .
1010:Clowes, William Laird (1997) .
441:Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810
70:Caribbean campaign of 1803–1810
1840:Holy Man's Rebellion (1901–36)
1780:Kongo-Wara rebellion (1928–31)
1671:Cochinchina Campaign (1858–62)
1424:Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)
1014:. London: Chatham Publishing.
18:West Indies campaign 1804–1810
1:
1905:First Indochina War (1946–54)
1656:Franco-Tahitian War (1844–47)
833:Invasion of Guadeloupe (1810)
822:Invasion of Martinique (1809)
393:Second Archipelago Expedition
388:British conquest of Cape Town
1718:Franco-Siamese crisis (1893)
1302:King William's War (1689–97)
618:, the 44-gun heavy frigates
1785:Malagasy Uprising (1947–48)
1611:Argentina–Uruguay (1845–50)
1484:Egypt and Syria (1798–1801)
1399:King George's War (1744–48)
1052:. Barnsley: Pen and Sword.
728:Reconquista (Santo Domingo)
702:Reconquista (Santo Domingo)
483:and its American colony of
2016:
1666:French conquest of Vietnam
1379:Queen Anne's War (1702–13)
1048:Howard, Martin R. (2015).
993:The War for All the Oceans
830:
819:
808:
802:
794:Invasion of Cayenne (1809)
791:
747:
725:
719:
690:
675:
597:Invasion of Surinam (1804)
594:
523:
451:involving European powers
1890:Franco-Thai War (1940–41)
1686:Sino-French War (1884–85)
1681:Tonkin Campaign (1883–86)
1601:Río de la Plata (1838–40)
1429:Santo Domingo (1795–1809)
1139:French colonial conflicts
693:Atlantic campaign of 1806
687:Atlantic campaign of 1806
328:French invasion of Russia
222:
78:
1950:History of the Caribbean
1765:Volta-Bani War (1915–16)
1629:Asia & Pacific Ocean
1384:Chickasaw Wars (1721–52)
1093:. Constable Publishers.
755:Invasion of Cayenne 1809
1900:South Vietnam (1945–46)
1770:Kaocen revolt (1916–17)
1698:Second Opium War (1860)
1691:North Vietnam (1886–96)
1676:North Vietnam (1873–74)
1479:East Indies (1793–1801)
1414:North America (1778–83)
1282:North America (1627–29)
1272:Beaver Wars (1609–1701)
1031:The Victory of Seapower
591:Caribbean campaign 1804
520:Caribbean campaign 1803
493:colony of Santo Domingo
368:Minor campaigns of 1815
1835:Boxer Rebellion (1901)
1800:Cameroon War (1955–64)
1795:Algerian War (1954–62)
1713:Leewards War (1888–97)
1511:Indian Ocean (1809–11)
1389:Dummer's War (1721–25)
1292:Carib Expulsion (1660)
1067:Marley, David (1998).
827:Invasion of Guadeloupe
816:Invasion of Martinique
775:Sir Alexander Cochrane
717:
678:Battle of Diamond Rock
672:The Trafalgar campaign
648:, the 12-gun corvette
261:First Serbian Uprising
165:Roquebert's expedition
34:
1995:1810 in the Caribbean
1815:Bizerte crisis (1961)
1646:Philippines (1844–45)
1596:West Indies (1804–10)
1551:Ivory Coast (1883–98)
1474:East Indies (1778–83)
1404:Nova Scotia (1749–55)
1394:Natchez revolt (1729)
1354:West Africa (1758–63)
1287:West Indies (1635–59)
1160:South Carolina (1562)
831:Further information:
820:Further information:
809:Further information:
803:Further information:
792:Further information:
748:Further information:
726:Further information:
720:Further information:
709:
697:Battle of San Domingo
691:Further information:
676:Further information:
346:Swedish-Norwegian War
32:
1307:Santo Domingo (1691)
848:Atlantic slave trade
383:West Indies campaign
1990:Spanish West Indies
1760:Zaian War (1914–21)
1745:Wadai War (1906–11)
1521:Algeria (1835–1903)
1469:Vietnam (1777–1820)
1419:Caribbean (1778–83)
1033:. Caxton Editions.
479:France by 1804 had
465:Kingdom of Portugal
160:Troude's expedition
1810:Ifni War (1957–58)
1805:Suez Crisis (1956)
911:The London Gazette
718:
682:Trafalgar campaign
244:Franco-Swedish War
125:Danish West Indies
35:
1955:Conflicts in 1810
1937:
1936:
1933:
1932:
1913:
1912:
1880:Vietnam (1930–31)
1865:Cilicia (1920–21)
1855:Vietnam (1918–21)
1850:Vietnam (1917–18)
1823:
1822:
1775:Rif War (1920–26)
1755:Morocco (1911–12)
1750:Casablanca (1907)
1726:
1725:
1624:
1623:
1584:
1583:
1546:Madagascar (1883)
1516:Algeria (1830–47)
1492:
1491:
1437:
1436:
1367:
1366:
1335:
1334:
1315:
1314:
1260:
1259:
1232:Senegal (1659–77)
1208:
1207:
1178:
1177:
1165:Florida (1562–65)
1059:978-1-78159-341-7
662:Brigadier-General
575:Batavian Republic
552:William Grinfield
457:Batavian Republic
453:Napoleonic France
436:
435:
398:Adriatic campaign
363:Waterloo campaign
352:Seventh Coalition
317:Anglo-Swedish War
312:Austro-Polish War
300:Anglo-Russian War
288:Anglo-Turkish War
256:Russo-Turkish War
239:Russo-Persian War
234:Anglo-Spanish War
178:
177:
16:(Redirected from
2007:
1915:
1895:Indochina (1945)
1825:
1735:
1626:
1606:Mexico (1838–39)
1586:
1501:
1439:
1369:
1344:
1317:
1277:Brazil (1612–15)
1262:
1237:Djidjelli (1664)
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1200:Brazil (1590–04)
1195:Brazil (1555–67)
1180:
1150:
1132:
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1091:The Sea Warriors
1087:Woodman, Richard
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715:Thomas Whitcombe
654:, and the 8-gun
532:Treaty of Amiens
341:Dano-Swedish War
276:Dano-Swedish War
250:Fourth Coalition
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73:
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61:
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38:
21:
2015:
2014:
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2004:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1929:
1909:
1870:Syria (1925–27)
1860:Syria (1919–21)
1819:
1722:
1703:Japan (1863–64)
1636:Moluccas (1810)
1620:
1580:
1488:
1464:India (1756–63)
1459:India (1749–54)
1454:India (1746–48)
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1297:Texas (1685–89)
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969:Adkins pg. 332,
968:
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960:Woodman, p. 244
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951:Woodman, p. 242
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937:
933:Gardiner, p. 17
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924:Gardiner, p. 75
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787:Leeward Islands
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497:Treaty of Basel
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449:Napoleonic Wars
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335:Sixth Coalition
306:Fifth Coalition
228:Third Coalition
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155:Leeward Islands
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1885:Vietnam (1940)
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1875:Vietnam (1930)
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1845:Vietnam (1916)
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1541:Tunisia (1881)
1538:
1533:
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1526:Morocco (1844)
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1359:Morocco (1765)
1356:
1350:
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1327:Siam (1687–90)
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1252:Algiers (1688)
1249:
1247:Algiers (1683)
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1242:Algiers (1682)
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1229:
1227:Morocco (1629)
1223:
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1170:Florida (1568)
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978:Adkins, p. 333
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595:Main article:
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568:Morne Fortunee
524:Main article:
521:
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489:sold Louisiana
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83:Saint-Domingue
79:
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56:
49:
41:
24:
14:
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2012:
2001:
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1978:
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1968:
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1926:
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1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1190:Brazil (1531)
1188:
1187:
1185:
1183:South America
1181:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1157:
1155:
1153:North America
1151:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1128:
1126:
1121:
1119:
1114:
1113:
1110:
1102:
1100:1-84119-183-3
1096:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:
1078:0-87436-837-5
1074:
1070:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1040:1-84067-359-1
1036:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1021:1-86176-014-0
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
1002:0-349-11916-3
998:
994:
989:
988:
984:
975:
972:
966:
963:
957:
954:
948:
945:
942:James, p. 206
939:
936:
930:
927:
921:
918:
913:
912:
907:
901:
898:
895:Howard p. 119
892:
890:
886:
883:Howard p. 118
880:
877:
871:
868:
865:Howard p. 117
862:
859:
853:
851:
849:
845:
837:
834:
826:
823:
815:
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806:
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790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
770:
768:
763:
754:
751:
743:
741:
739:
735:
734:Peninsula war
729:
723:
716:
712:
708:
701:
698:
694:
686:
683:
679:
671:
669:
667:
666:Charles Green
663:
659:
658:
653:
652:
647:
646:
642:
639:, the 12-gun
638:
637:
633:
630:, the 28-gun
629:
628:
623:
622:
617:
616:
611:
610:
604:
603:Samuel Hood's
598:
590:
588:
585:
581:
580:Royal Marines
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
527:
519:
514:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
482:
474:
472:
470:
466:
462:
458:
454:
450:
447:spanning the
446:
442:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
416:
414:
413:Spice Islands
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
375:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
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355:
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353:
349:
347:
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342:
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336:
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323:
320:
318:
315:
313:
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308:
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301:
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296:
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264:
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206:
201:
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187:
186:
183:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
158:
156:
153:
151:
148:
146:
143:
141:
140:French Guiana
138:
136:
135:Santo Domingo
133:
131:
128:
126:
123:
121:
120:
119:Jeune Richard
116:
114:
111:
109:
106:
104:
101:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
84:
81:
80:
77:
72:
62:
57:
55:
50:
48:
43:
42:
39:
31:
27:
19:
1731:20th century
1708:Korea (1866)
1497:19th century
1340:18th century
1213:17th century
1146:16th century
1090:
1071:. ABC-CLIO.
1068:
1049:
1030:
1011:
992:
974:
965:
956:
947:
938:
929:
920:
909:
900:
879:
874:Clowes p. 56
870:
861:
841:
771:
758:
731:
710:
656:
650:
644:
635:
626:
620:
614:
608:
600:
572:
529:
478:
440:
438:
418:Indian Ocean
350:
333:
326:
304:
292:
266:English Wars
248:
226:
145:Pointe Noire
130:Palo Hincado
118:
98:Diamond Rock
68:
26:
1641:Java (1811)
1531:Salé (1851)
906:"No. 15712"
767:French Navy
556:Samuel Hood
536:West Indies
445:West Indies
322:War of 1812
283:Finnish War
271:Gunboat War
103:San Domingo
1944:Categories
995:. Abacus.
985:References
779:Martinique
762:privateers
651:Hippomenes
632:sixth-rate
584:Georgetown
564:troopships
540:Martinique
505:Guadeloupe
501:Martinique
481:lost Haiti
475:Background
170:Guadeloupe
150:Martinique
838:Aftermath
636:Alligator
607:HMS
605:flagship
515:Campaigns
487:after it
485:Louisiana
1589:Americas
1372:Americas
1265:Americas
1089:(2001).
783:Barbados
738:criollos
641:schooner
560:Barbados
544:St Lucia
467:and the
423:2nd Java
403:1st Java
1918:Pacific
627:Serapis
621:Pandour
615:Emerald
609:Centaur
509:Cayenne
93:Surinam
1738:Africa
1504:Africa
1347:Africa
1220:Africa
1097:
1075:
1056:
1037:
1018:
999:
645:Unique
548:Tobago
463:, the
455:, the
113:Samaná
108:Havana
854:Notes
844:Haiti
657:Drake
461:Spain
1828:Asia
1442:Asia
1320:Asia
1095:ISBN
1073:ISBN
1054:ISBN
1035:ISBN
1016:ISBN
997:ISBN
695:and
680:and
664:Sir
624:and
554:and
546:and
503:and
439:The
1946::
908:.
888:^
713:,
668:.
612:,
542:,
499:.
459:,
1131:e
1124:t
1117:v
1103:.
1081:.
1062:.
1043:.
1024:.
1005:.
204:e
197:t
190:v
60:e
53:t
46:v
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
