Knowledge (XXG)

West Pier

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of wood and iron from the pier fell on the beach, and the pierhead was closed in 1970 due to safety concerns. The pier was Grade II listed in 1969 and the council served compulsory repair notices, but the company was unable to afford them and opted for voluntary liquidation. The remainder of the pier was closed in 1975 when the Brighton Corporation declined to buy it, passing control to the
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although it is thought to have been arson. A more severe fire, also thought to have been intentional, burned through 11 and 12 May 2003, consuming most of what was left of the concert hall. On 23 June 2004, high winds caused the middle of the pier to collapse completely. The following month, English Heritage declared the pier beyond repair.
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campaign among other avenues. It also started periodic auctioning of various remains and fragments of the pier to fund a new seaside learning centre at the site of the original kiosk. Another Brighton-based organisation, City Partnerships, proposed construction of a new pier in the original location,
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observation tower. In February 2014, due to stormy weather, the pier split in half and a large part of the centre fell into the sea. Waves swept away the eastern side of the damaged metal skeleton, which remained after the 2003 fire. A selection of artefacts rescued from the pier is exhibited in the
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was added around the same time. By the 1960s, the pier was suffering from serious financial difficulties. In 1965, it was bought by a company owning some seafront hotels and entertainment venues. They had ambitions for the pier but were unable to cope with increasing maintenance costs. Some portions
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By the early 20th century, the earlier priority of good sea air on the pier had been replaced with a desire for public entertainment. The pier reached record levels of attendance in the early 20th century, attracting around 1.5 million visitors between 1910 and 1911. Attendance fell due to the onset
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that opened in 1823. The West Pier was extended in 1893, and a concert hall was added in 1916. The pier reached its peak attendance at this time, with 2 million visitors between 1918 and 1919. Its popularity began to decline after World War II, and concerts were replaced by a funfair and tearoom. A
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The construction of the i360 revived interest in building a new West Pier on the site of the original. The West Pier Trust was hopeful that it could be in place by 2026 in time for the pier's 160th anniversary. By October 2016, the trust had concluded that restoration of the original West Pier was
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as a place for seaside visitors to enjoy fresh sea air. Some wealthy residents in the nearby Regency Square objected to construction, complaining that the planned toll houses at the entrance would spoil the view of the sea from their homes. It was felt that the pier would have a positive effect on
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criticised the delays, saying he could raise the money himself in six months. In December 2004, the Trust confirmed the restoration would not be going ahead after their plans were rejected by the Heritage Lottery Fund. The pier was partially demolished in February 2010, partly to make way for the
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Competition with the Palace Pier led to a new concert hall, designed by local architects Clayton & Black. The 19th-century bandstand was demolished between 1914 and 1916. It was replaced by an eight-sided grand concert hall, constructed from cast-iron arches. It opened on 20 April 1916 with a
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On 28 March 2003, the pavilion at the pierhead caught fire. Fire crews were unable to save the building from destruction because the collapsed walkway prevented them from reaching it. As fire investigators were unable to access the site for safety reasons, the cause of the fire remains unknown,
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The concert hall had an in-house orchestra by November, and ticket sales for concerts accounted for 43% of the pier's revenue by 1920. The West Pier was favoured by locals, while the Palace Pier was used more by day trippers. A top-deck entrance was added to the hall in 1932. The pier's central
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The pier's length was 1,115 feet (340 m) with a width of 310 feet (94 m) at the pierhead. It was built with cast iron threaded columns screwed into the seabed. The superstructure's ironwork was manufactured by Robert Laidlaw, featuring an "oriental" style. By the opening, the pier was
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In December 2002, the pier partially collapsed during a storm, when a walkway connecting the concert hall and pavilion fell into the sea. The following month, the concert hall in the middle of the pier fell over, leaving the entire structure close to total collapse.
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pledged £14 million to restore the pier, but the West Pier Trust was unable to find a suitable partner to help with restoration. The owners of the Palace Pier, who had become financially self-sufficient under their own means, claimed
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The pier closed to the public in 1975 and fell into disrepair and gradually collapsed. Major sections fell into the sea during storms in late 2002, and two separate fires, both thought to be
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of £100, although the council also demanded £800,000 required for immediate repairs before it could be opened to the public. A proposal to restore the pier with a 60-metre (200 ft)
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In 2019, the Trust sought to restore a Victorian-era octagonal kiosk that was salvaged from the pier in 1996 and planned to raise the estimated cost of about £750,000 using a
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The pier was constructed during a boom in pleasure pier building in the 1860s, and was designed to attract tourists to Brighton. It was the town's second pier, joining the
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The West Pier was constructed during a boom in pleasure pier building in the 1860s, during which 22 new piers were erected across Britain. It was designed by architect
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The West Pier Trust owns the remains and has proposed various renovation plans. Some schemes have been opposed by local residents and the owners of the nearby
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In 1893, the pierhead was extended under the supervision of Birch's nephew, Peregrine, who added a pavilion with a capacity for 1,400 people. After the
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fighter hit the pier, crashing onto the beach. The pilot sustained head injuries. The fighter was one of four aircraft escorting a VIP flight.
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local company took over ownership of the pier in 1965, but could not meet the increasing costs of maintenance and filed for bankruptcy.
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property values in the town, so the pier was approved. Construction began in 1863 and the pier opened to the public on 6 October 1866.
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West Pier circa 1900. By this time a central bandstand and full-length weather screens had been added. A pavilion had opened in 1893.
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The West Pier circa 1920. The pier had gained a new concert hall in 1916, and attracted 2 million visitors between 1918 and 1919.
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was demolished following a storm in 1896, the West Pier became the only one on Brighton's seafront until the construction of the
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After 1975, attempts were made to restore the pier. Supporters complained that the council was more interested in developing
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The West Pier in 1973. The pierhead was closed in 1970 due to safety concerns and the whole structure needed urgent repairs.
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The West Pier Trust remained adamant that they would soon begin full restoration work. Retired boxer and local resident
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The concert hall was converted into a tea room and the theatre redesigned as a restaurant in the early 1950s. A
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with ornamental serpent designs, which had been directly influenced by similar examples inside the nearby
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Iron, Ornament and Architecture in Victorian Britain: Myth and Modernity, Excess and Enchantment
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declaring it beyond repair. Some structured demolition took place in 2010 to make way for the
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since its closure to the public in 1975. As of 2024 only a partial metal framework remains.
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identified the pier as the most at-risk Grade I listed structure in the United Kingdom.
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to prevent enemy landings, and its popularity began to decline. On 26 November 1944, a
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Destination Fowington – East Sussex military airfields & Allied aircraft incidents
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observation tower; further structural damage from storms has occurred since.
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which would be free to enter like the original and complement the nearby
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concert by the King's Royal Rifles silver band, made up of war veterans.
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report covering Britain's piers called the pier Birch's "masterpiece".
1433:"Part of Brighton's West Pier collapses overnight in Storm Claudio" 601:, Bunny's son speculates on a reason for the 2003 fires. The band 527: 473: 421: 381: 351: 309: 287: 253: 492: 261: 222: 2420: 1845: 832:"The borough of Brighton, in A History of the County of Sussex" 1818: 1775:
Pavilions on the Sea – A history of the seaside pleasure pier
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but this was opposed by the West Pier Trust as unrealistic.
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Burned buildings and structures in the United Kingdom
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concerns the fictional collapse of the pier in 1970.
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drowned in bad weather as they approached the pier.
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It was the first pier to be 2448:Buildings and architecture of Brighton and Hove 450:The pier suffered structural damage due to the 1720:"The Pier Falls: a short story by Mark Haddon" 1507: 1505: 3812:Grade I listed buildings in Brighton and Hove 2432: 1857: 1618:"Brighton's West Pier lit up by green lasers" 952:"Concert on the West Pier, Brighton c.1916-8" 16:Ruined 19th century pier in Brighton, England 8: 1673:"Films made in the Brighton & Hove area" 915: 913: 911: 909: 536:In 2010, the West Pier was illuminated with 35: 2622:(see list for links to individual articles) 790: 735: 711: 2439: 2425: 2417: 2256: 1864: 1850: 1842: 1641: 1639: 778: 540:lasers as part of a series of artworks by 292:The opening of West Pier in 1866 from the 34: 3445:Attenborough Centre for the Creative Arts 1382:. Brighton Fishing Museum. Archived from 1825:History of the West Pier and its Theatre 1514:"Can Brighton really save its West Pier" 1017: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 1003: 1001: 999: 1592:"Brighton's West Pier lit up by lasers" 946: 944: 942: 723: 651: 442:failed after the backer went bankrupt. 237:in England but has become increasingly 852: 841: 615:'s title story in the 2016 collection 3327:Brighton Aquarium (Sea Life Brighton) 1070: 1068: 196: 188: 178: 168: 7: 3827:2003 disasters in the United Kingdom 3187:Portslade Aldridge Community Academy 2955:Citibase Brighton, 95 Ditchling Road 2626:List of demolished places of worship 1830:Photos of the West Pier 1980 to 2004 1431:Beare, Charlotte (1 November 2022). 1279:"What now for Brighton's West Pier?" 807: 805: 803: 801: 799: 478:The West Pier on fire in March 2003. 3677:Whitehawk Hill transmitting station 3142:Brighton College Preparatory School 3127:Brighton Aldridge Community Academy 3077:Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital 2990:Princes House, 166–169 North Street 1252:"Eubank wants to rebuild West Pier" 636:List of piers in the United Kingdom 1821:, charity which owns the West Pier 1277:Clarke, James (16 February 2005). 1150:"Brighton's Piers - the West Pier" 922:"Brighton: Oh what a lovely pier!" 360:In April 1900, seven sailors from 14: 3822:2000s fires in the United Kingdom 1756:Brighton, A Very Peculiar History 1051:. Gote House Publishing Company. 3723:Tallest buildings and structures 3627:North Gate of the Royal Pavilion 3063:Police Convalescent Seaside Home 2960:Gothic House, 95–96 Western Road 2601: 2595: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2565: 2559: 2401: 2400: 1098:"Brighton's West Pier collapses" 1047:Longstaff-Tyrell, Peter (1999). 920:Mansfield, Paul (24 June 2000). 47:Remains of the West Pier in 2018 41: 3406:Brighton Museum and Art Gallery 1698:. Canongate Books. p. 61. 609:" on and around the West Pier. 3662:Statue of Queen Victoria, Hove 1512:Keenan, John (29 March 2018). 1227:"The West Pier – Introduction" 229:, England. 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Building 158: 156: 152: 149: 144: 141: 139: 137: 136: 87:Characteristics 82:West Pier Trust 48: 31: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3862: 3861: 3858: 3850: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3799: 3798: 3790: 3789: 3787: 3786: 3781: 3776: 3771: 3769:Thomas Simpson 3766: 3761: 3756: 3754:Thomas Lainson 3751: 3746: 3741: 3735: 3733: 3729: 3728: 3726: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3710: 3705: 3700: 3695: 3693:Ammonite order 3689: 3687: 3686:Related topics 3683: 3682: 3680: 3679: 3674: 3669: 3664: 3659: 3654: 3649: 3644: 3639: 3634: 3632:Patcham Pylons 3629: 3624: 3619: 3614: 3609: 3607:Foredown Tower 3604: 3599: 3594: 3586: 3581: 3576: 3567: 3565: 3561: 3560: 3558: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3541: 3539: 3535: 3534: 3532: 3531: 3526: 3518: 3512: 3510: 3506: 3505: 3503: 3502: 3497: 3489: 3484: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3464: 3456: 3447: 3442: 3434: 3423: 3418: 3413: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3390: 3385: 3380: 3378:Royal Pavilion 3375: 3370: 3365: 3357: 3352: 3350:Falmer Stadium 3347: 3342:Brighton Wheel 3339: 3334: 3329: 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Andrews UK. 1752:Arscott, David 1747: 1740: 1739: 1711: 1704: 1686: 1664: 1651:Brighton Argus 1635: 1609: 1583: 1555: 1530: 1501: 1475: 1449: 1423: 1397: 1371: 1346: 1321: 1295: 1269: 1258:. 29 June 2004 1243: 1231:Brighton Argus 1218: 1192: 1179:Brighton Argus 1166: 1141: 1115: 1089: 1064: 1057: 1039: 1027:Brighton Argus 995: 984:. 24 July 2013 982:Brighton Argus 969: 938: 905: 879: 862: 853:|journal= 822: 795: 793:, p. 144. 783: 781:, p. 188. 762: 740: 728: 726:, p. 116. 716: 714:, p. 143. 699: 686:Brighton Argus 673: 650: 643: 640: 639: 638: 633: 626: 623: 618:The Pier Falls 582:Pierre Richard 571:Carry On Girls 553: 550: 542:Josef O'Connor 525: 522: 447: 444: 436:peppercorn fee 419: 416: 400:Hawker Typhoon 349: 346: 325:Royal Pavilion 304:Eugenius Birch 285: 282: 280: 277: 235:Grade I listed 231:Eugenius Birch 213: 212: 209: 208: 205: 204: 199: 195: 194: 193:9 October 1969 191: 187: 186: 181: 177: 176: 170: 167: 166: 134: 128: 127: 124: 120: 119: 118:6 October 1866 116: 112: 111: 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Tate Modern 957: 953: 947: 945: 943: 939: 927: 923: 916: 914: 912: 910: 906: 893: 889: 888:"HMS Bittern" 883: 880: 875: 874: 866: 863: 858: 845: 837: 833: 826: 823: 818: 817:New Scientist 814: 808: 806: 804: 802: 800: 796: 792: 787: 784: 780: 775: 773: 771: 769: 767: 763: 750: 744: 741: 737: 732: 729: 725: 720: 717: 713: 708: 706: 704: 700: 687: 683: 677: 674: 661: 655: 652: 649: 648: 641: 637: 634: 632: 629: 628: 624: 622: 620: 619: 614: 610: 608: 604: 600: 599: 594: 589: 587: 583: 579: 578: 573: 572: 567: 566: 561: 560: 551: 549: 547: 543: 539: 530: 523: 521: 519: 514: 509: 505: 503: 502:Storm Claudio 499: 494: 489: 484: 476: 472: 468: 466: 462: 457: 453: 445: 443: 441: 437: 433: 424: 417: 415: 413: 408: 403: 401: 398: 394: 384: 380: 376: 374: 368: 366: 365: 354: 347: 345: 343: 339: 334: 332: 331: 330:New Scientist 326: 322: 312: 308: 305: 297: 296: 290: 283: 278: 276: 274: 270: 265: 263: 259: 255: 250: 247: 242: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 210: 206: 203: 200: 192: 185: 184:The West Pier 182: 180:Official name 173: 163: 135: 133: 129: 125: 121: 117: 113: 110: 107: 103: 98: 94: 90: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 66: 63: 59: 56:Pleasure Pier 55: 51: 44: 39: 33: 29: 22: 3794: 3774:Basil Spence 3652:St Dunstan's 3637:Peace Statue 3602:11 Dyke Road 3591: 3574:(demolished) 3573: 3528: 3524:(demolished) 3523: 3495:(demolished) 3494: 3461: 3440:(demolished) 3439: 3431: 3425: 3396:Booth Museum 3392: 3363:(demolished) 3362: 3360:Medina House 3344: 3321: 3265: 3256:Royal Albion 3235:1984 bombing 3217: 3114: 3111: 3065: 3033:Hove Library 2897:Powis Square 2736: 2637:and mansions 2617: 2548: 2541: 2534: 2527: 2520: 2513: 2506: 2499: 2492: 2485: 2477: 2470: 2466: 2312:New Brighton 2274: 2253:Former piers 2064:Southampton 2038:South Parade 1920:Bognor Regis 1793: 1774: 1755: 1744:Bibliography 1743: 1742: 1730:. 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Retrieved 654: 646: 645: 616: 611: 596: 590: 575: 569: 563: 557: 555: 535: 513:crowdfunding 510: 506: 488:Chris Eubank 485: 481: 469: 449: 440:ferris wheel 429: 412:Crown Estate 404: 393:World War II 389: 377: 369: 363: 359: 348:20th century 335: 328: 319:fitted with 317: 301: 293: 284:19th century 266: 251: 243: 221:is a ruined 218: 216: 183: 126:1975–present 32: 3672:Waste House 3597:Clock Tower 3307:and leisure 3053:Kings House 2965:Hanningtons 2788:squares and 2767:Tower House 2689:Marine Gate 2327:Scarborough 2237:Isle of Man 2228:St Julian's 2187:Aberystwyth 2029:Portsmouth 1945:Cleethorpes 1930:Bournemouth 1628:10 February 1602:10 February 1576:10 February 1518:City Metric 1416:12 February 1076:"West Pier" 613:Mark Haddon 586:Jane Birkin 568:(1971) and 463:. In 2001, 373:World War I 342:Palace Pier 271:, claiming 269:Palace Pier 157: / 132:Coordinates 3842:Pier fires 3801:Categories 3784:Amon Wilds 3732:Architects 3698:Bungaroosh 3647:Ralli Hall 3642:Pepper Pot 3482:Old Market 3429:ABC Cinema 3261:Royal York 2945:Amex House 2936:Commercial 2872:Old Steine 2857:New Steine 2786:Crescents, 2664:Fife House 2484:Grade II: 2379:Colwyn Bay 2358:Portobello 2342:Withernsea 2296:Morecambe 2128:Grand Pier 2115:Teignmouth 2068:Royal Pier 2009:Lowestoft 1988:Wellington 1970:Felixstowe 1965:Eastbourne 1899:Blackpool 1442:1 November 1364:5 February 1339:5 February 898:13 January 642:References 538:3D mapping 190:Designated 142:50°49′15″N 3759:John Nash 3708:Landmarks 3538:Windmills 3529:West Pier 3345:(removed) 3241:Metropole 2938:buildings 2837:Kemp Town 2479:Grade II* 2287:Fleetwood 2266:Brighton 2202:Llandudno 2197:Beaumaris 2138:Bandstand 2134:Weymouth 2100:Southwold 2095:Southport 2079:Southend 2073:Town Quay 2013:Claremont 2000:Herne Bay 1983:Britannia 1975:Gravesend 1468:9 October 1437:The Argus 1334:The Argus 1185:20 August 1159:20 August 692:20 August 595:'s novel 593:Nick Cave 364:Desperate 321:gas lamps 219:West Pier 174:– Grade I 145:0°09′04″W 74:West Pier 36:West Pier 3592:(former) 3571:Anthaeum 3462:(former) 3432:(former) 3393:Museums: 3322:(former) 3314:The Arch 3251:Old Ship 3226:Clarence 3112:Schools: 3087:The Keep 2790:terraces 2737:(ruined) 2455:Heritage 2406:Category 2351:Scotland 2332:Shanklin 2305:West End 2164:Scotland 2155:Yarmouth 2150:Worthing 2143:Pleasure 2123:Birnbeck 2060:Skegness 2033:Clarence 2025:Paignton 1995:Hastings 1950:Clevedon 1925:Boscombe 1833:Archived 1754:(2012). 1494:5 August 1410:BBC News 1308:BBC News 1283:BBC News 1256:BBC News 1236:29 April 1205:BBC News 1128:BBC News 1102:BBC News 1032:29 April 988:29 April 962:29 April 755:29 April 666:5 August 625:See also 562:(1968), 491:planned 239:derelict 227:Brighton 105:Designer 65:Brighton 3584:Chattri 3472:Komedia 3437:Astoria 3373:Revenge 3246:Norfolk 3221:Bedford 3218:Hotels: 3066:(former 3013:BHASVIC 2472:Grade I 2363:Trinity 2300:Central 2282:Coatham 2260:England 2212:Swansea 2207:Penarth 2110:Swanage 2088:Railway 2055:Sandown 1940:Clacton 1903:Central 1893:England 565:Villain 407:funfair 279:History 202:1381655 100:History 2317:Redcar 2292:Lytham 2244:Ramsey 2192:Bangor 2171:Dunoon 1955:Cromer 1800:  1781:  1762:  1732:5 June 1702:  1055:  61:Locale 3509:Piers 3368:Pryzm 3231:Grand 2372:Wales 2180:Wales 2018:South 2005:Hythe 1913:South 1908:North 1679:1 May 1657:1 May 1548:3 May 1523:3 May 1390:1 May 1314:1 May 1288:1 May 1262:1 May 1211:1 May 1134:1 May 1108:1 May 1082:1 May 931:1 May 647:Notes 603:James 254:arson 79:Owner 3617:i360 3452:and 2384:Rhyl 2275:West 2083:Pier 2045:Ryde 1960:Deal 1798:ISBN 1779:ISBN 1760:ISBN 1734:2021 1700:ISBN 1681:2015 1659:2015 1630:2019 1604:2019 1578:2019 1550:2019 1525:2019 1496:2017 1470:2016 1444:2022 1418:2016 1392:2015 1366:2014 1341:2014 1316:2015 1290:2015 1264:2015 1238:2015 1213:2015 1187:2016 1161:2016 1136:2015 1110:2015 1084:2015 1053:ISBN 1034:2015 990:2015 964:2015 933:2015 900:2014 857:help 757:2015 694:2016 668:2017 584:and 493:i360 362:HMS 262:i360 223:pier 217:The 53:Type 2550:W–Z 2543:T–V 2529:P–R 2522:N–O 2508:I–L 2501:E–H 2494:C–D 2487:A–B 1359:BBC 591:In 524:Art 371:of 225:in 3803:: 2469:: 1722:. 1649:. 1638:^ 1620:. 1594:. 1566:. 1541:. 1516:. 1504:^ 1486:. 1460:. 1435:. 1408:. 1357:. 1332:. 1306:. 1281:. 1254:. 1229:. 1203:. 1177:. 1152:. 1126:. 1100:. 1067:^ 1025:. 998:^ 980:. 954:. 941:^ 924:. 908:^ 848:: 846:}} 842:{{ 834:. 815:. 798:^ 765:^ 702:^ 684:. 588:. 344:. 275:. 3237:) 3233:( 3068:) 2536:S 2515:M 2440:e 2433:t 2426:v 1865:e 1858:t 1851:v 1806:. 1787:. 1768:. 1736:. 1708:. 1683:. 1661:. 1632:. 1606:. 1580:. 1552:. 1527:. 1498:. 1472:. 1446:. 1420:. 1394:. 1368:. 1343:. 1318:. 1292:. 1266:. 1240:. 1215:. 1189:. 1163:. 1138:. 1112:. 1086:. 1061:. 1036:. 992:. 966:. 935:. 902:. 859:) 855:( 836:7 759:. 696:. 670:. 298:. 30:. 23:.

Index

West Pier (disambiguation)
Brighton Palace Pier

Brighton
Eugenius Birch
Coordinates
50°49′15″N 0°09′04″W / 50.82083°N 0.15111°W / 50.82083; -0.15111
Listed Building
1381655
pier
Brighton
Eugenius Birch
Grade I listed
derelict
Royal Suspension Chain Pier
arson
English Heritage
i360
Palace Pier
unfair competition

Illustrated London News
Eugenius Birch

gas lamps
Royal Pavilion
New Scientist
Royal Suspension Chain Pier
Palace Pier

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