39:
31:
529:
47:
302:
The temperature coefficient can be reduced by shifting to an unsaturated design, the predominant type today. However, an unsaturated cell's output decreases by some 80 microvolts per year, which is compensated by periodic calibration against a saturated cell.
141:
As shown in the illustration, the cell is set up in an H-shaped glass vessel with the cadmium amalgam in one leg and the pure mercury in the other. Electrical connections to the cadmium amalgam and the mercury are made by
458:
422:
222:
One of the great advantages of the Weston normal cell is its small change of electromotive force with change of temperature. At any temperature
38:
729:
616:
340:
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707:
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by W. E. Ayrton and T. Mather, published by
Cassell and Company, London, 1911, pp 198â203
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405:
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of pure mercury over which a paste of mercurous sulfate and mercury is placed. The
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Reference cells must be applied in such a way that no current is drawn from them.
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by Walter J. Hamer, National Bureau of
Standards Monograph 84, January 15, 1965.
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119:
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364:(58). Washington, D.C.: USA Government Printing Office: 39. 25 September 1916
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Drawing from Edward Weston's US Patent 494827 depicting the standard cell.
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67:
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This temperature formula was adopted by the London conference of 1908
406:
Standard Cells, Their
Construction, Maintenance, and Characteristics
873:
99:
45:
37:
29:
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440:
908:
200:
The original design was a saturated cadmium cell producing a
82:
333:
Introduction to instrumentation and measurements 2nd ed
866:
838:
660:
536:
474:
211:reference and had the advantage of having a lower
27:Wet chemical cell that produces a precise voltage
146:wires fused through the lower ends of the legs.
50:Standard cell, extracted from case. Made in USSR
452:
8:
358:Circular of the National Bureau of Standards
459:
445:
437:
420:Standard Cells for E.M.F. Determinations
324:
70:suitable as a laboratory standard for
7:
86:from 1911 until superseded by the
25:
527:
354:"Electric units and standards"
66:that produces a highly stable
1:
961:
88:Josephson voltage standard
617:Metalâair electrochemical
525:
432:Special-purpose batteries
215:than the previously used
176:(s) + 2e â 2Hg(l) +
213:temperature coefficient
153:Cd(s) â Cd(aq) + 2e
919:Semipermeable membrane
708:Lithiumâironâphosphate
51:
43:
35:
790:Rechargeable alkaline
468:Electrochemical cells
387:Practical Electricity
313:List of battery types
49:
41:
33:
770:Nickelâmetal hydride
60:Weston standard cell
18:Weston standard cell
780:Polysulfideâbromide
622:Nickel oxyhydroxide
514:Thermogalvanic cell
394:U.S. patent 494,827
331:Robert B. Northrop
543:(non-rechargeable)
487:Concentration cell
425:2011-08-07 at the
124:saturated solution
52:
44:
36:
945:Mercury (element)
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136:mercurous sulfate
64:wet-chemical cell
16:(Redirected from
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723:Lithiumâtitanate
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492:Electric battery
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335:CRC Press, 2005
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713:Lithiumâpolymer
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128:cadmium sulfate
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795:Silverâcadmium
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765:Nickelâlithium
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750:Nickelâcadmium
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718:Lithiumâsulfur
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667:(rechargeable)
663:Secondary cell
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414:External links
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134:is a paste of
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78:. Invented by
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482:Galvanic cell
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80:Edward Weston
77:
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48:
40:
32:
19:
825:Zincâbromine
636:
632:Silver oxide
567:Chromic acid
539:Primary cell
519:Voltaic pile
497:Flow battery
404:
399:Voltaic cell
398:
386:
366:. Retrieved
361:
357:
348:
332:
327:
301:
298:
279:/°C â 20) +
265:/°C â 20) â
221:
199:
191:
140:
97:
59:
55:
53:
914:Salt bridge
899:Electrolyte
830:Zincâcerium
815:Solid state
800:Silverâzinc
775:Nickelâzinc
760:Nickelâiron
735:Molten salt
703:Dual carbon
698:Lithium ion
693:Lithiumâair
652:Zincâcarbon
627:Siliconâair
607:Lithiumâair
132:depolarizer
120:electrolyte
72:calibration
56:Weston cell
42:Weston cell
934:Categories
867:Cell parts
858:Solar cell
840:Other cell
805:Sodium ion
676:Automotive
381:Literature
319:References
232:40 °C
217:Clark cell
130:, and the
76:voltmeters
904:Half-cell
894:Electrode
853:Fuel cell
730:Metalâair
681:Leadâacid
597:Leclanché
509:Fuel cell
293:/°C â 20)
228:0 °C
94:Chemistry
90:in 1990.
884:Catalyst
745:Nanowire
740:Nanopore
686:gelâVRLA
647:Zincâair
552:Alkaline
423:Archived
307:See also
226:between
144:platinum
889:Cathode
642:Zamboni
612:Mercury
577:Daniell
368:12 July
343:page 14
116:cathode
114:with a
112:mercury
108:cadmium
104:amalgam
68:voltage
879:Binder
637:Weston
562:Bunsen
339:
206:
102:is an
874:Anode
592:Grove
572:Clark
475:Types
281:0.000
267:0.000
256:0.000
254:/V â
247:/V =
202:1.018
122:is a
110:with
100:anode
62:is a
909:Ions
370:2016
362:1916
337:ISBN
258:0406
230:and
188:(aq)
161:(Hg)
98:The
54:The
582:Dry
397:, "
283:000
269:000
204:638
126:of
106:of
84:EMF
74:of
58:or
936::
360:.
356:.
286:01
272:95
252:20
234:,
219:.
178:SO
166:SO
138:.
460:e
453:t
446:v
401:"
372:.
295:.
291:t
289:(
277:t
275:(
263:t
261:(
249:E
244:t
240:E
224:t
208:V
183:4
171:4
163:2
20:)
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