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Hence, whakapapa also implies a deep connection to land and the roots of one's ancestry. In order to trace one's whakapapa it is essential to identify the location where one's ancestral heritage began; "you can’t trace it back any further". "Whakapapa links all people back to the land and sea and sky
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in confidence, this information may be stored in databases that could be accessed by others. While most health professions are embracing technological advances of data storage, this may be an area of further investigation so that confidential information pertaining to a client's whakapapa cannot be
361:! This is translated as the 'Sneeze of Life'. In effect, the orator (whose 'sneeze' reminds us of a newborn clearing his or her airways to take the first breath of life) is announcing that 'his' speech has now begun, and that his 'airways' are clear enough to give a suitable oration.
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Some scholars have attributed this type of genealogical activity as being tantamount to ancestor worship. Most Māori would probably attribute this to ancestor reverence. Tribes and sub-tribes are mostly named after an ancestor (either male or female): for example,
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Many physiological terms are also genealogical in 'nature'. For example, the terms 'iwi', 'hapu', and 'whānau' (as noted above) can also be translated in order as 'bones', 'pregnant', and 'give birth'. The prize winning Māori author,
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Additionally, it may be beneficial to find out if the client is comfortable with whakapapa information being stored in ways that have the potential to be disclosed to others. To combat such issues, a Māori Code of
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said of
European dismissiveness of the accuracy of oral history like whakapapa: "Oral cultures must invest great energy in saying over and over again what has been learnt arduously over the ages".
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Raymond Firth, an acclaimed New
Zealand economist and anthropologist during the early 20th century, asserted that there are four different levels of Māori kinship terminology that are as follows:
399:. "Sharing whakapapa enables the identification of obligations...and gaining trust of participants". Additionally, since whakapapa is believed to be "inextricably linked to the physical
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While some family and community health organisations may require details of whakapapa as part of client assessment, it is generally better if whakapapa is disclosed voluntarily by
703:
Kaupapa Māori health research methodology: a literature review and commentary on the use of a kaupapa Māori approach within a doctoral study of Māori smoking cessation
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are believed to possess whakapapa, it is further defined as "a basis for the organisation of knowledge in the respect of the creation and development of all things".
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384:, if they are comfortable with this. Usually details of a client's whakapapa are not required since sufficient information can be obtained through their
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Whakapapa is defined as the "genealogical descent of all living things from God to the present time. "Since all living things including rocks and
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can trace and recite a lineage not only through the many generations in a linear sense, but also between such generations in a lateral sense.
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has been suggested. A Māori Code of Ethics may prevent "the mismanagement or manipulation of either the information or the informants".
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Although this rule was not rigorously applied in the past, people today have to prove whakapapa to become members of the international
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Misuse of such private and privileged information is of great concern to Māori. While whakapapa information may be disclosed to a
403:", concepts of tapu would still apply. Therefore, it is essential to ensure that appropriate cultural protocols are adhered to.
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and outer universe, therefore, the obligations of whanaungatanga extend to the physical world and all being in it".
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cases or situations where whakapapa information may be of benefit to the client's health and well-being.
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van Meijl, Toon (June 1995). "Maori Socio-Political
Organization in Pre- and Proto-History".
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728:. Dunedin, New Zealand: Department of Community and Family Studies, University of Otago.
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Hui: A hui to discuss how to create and maintain a relationship with Māori organisations
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Principle of tracing genealogy in Māori culture, also verbal recitation of same
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705:. Applied Behavioural Science, University of Auckland. Auckland, New Zealand.
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This article is about the Māori term for genealogy. For the ski field, see
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Māori ki Te Whare Wānanga o Ōtākou / Māori at the
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548:(1st ed.). Auckland: Bridget Williams Books. pp. 47, 48.
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Whakapapa is also believed to determine an individual's intrinsic
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identification. Cases where whakapapa may be required include
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226:Literal Translation
164:Māori pronunciation:
67:improve this article
978:Tino rangatiratanga
958:Māori King movement
701:Glover, M. (2002).
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168:[ˈfakapapa]
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65:Please help
60:verification
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1221:Rugby union
1108:Instruments
808:Musket Wars
486:11 November
318:Hawke's Bay
202:Experts in
82:"Whakapapa"
1301:Categories
1170:Navigation
1053:Taha Māori
686:References
354:whaikōrero
342:Keri Hulme
329:Walter Ong
314:Kahungunu'
260:pregnancy
93:newspapers
18:Whaikōrero
1307:Genealogy
1203:Mau rākau
1193:Kī-o-rahi
1125:Tattooing
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1068:Whakapapa
1011:Mythology
866:Australia
862:Diaspora
711:cite book
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371:mountains
320:region).
204:whakapapa
187:whakapapa
179:genealogy
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1158:Kaitiaki
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390:adoption
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151:Waikato
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423:Sport
282:clan
223:term
114:JSTOR
100:books
1091:Haka
1078:Arts
1063:Taua
1048:Tapu
1006:Mana
888:Hapū
796:waka
717:link
570:link
550:ISBN
519:ISSN
488:2018
455:and
431:The
401:gene
397:tapu
290:waka
254:hapū
196:mana
86:news
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