75:
204:
31:
50:
403:
ends of feathers on the upper throat. The breast has a black and white stripped-like pattern, with the black between two white bands. The underside of the tail goes from a blackish ash gray to an off-white. The tail's two distal feathers have a white triangle at the end of them. The tarsus and toes are a light orange color, and they also have a small
402:
in appearance. It has a dusty-black plumage, with a dark head and bill. Some interpretations of the whistling warbler have stated that they have a medium-brown plumage. A bright white ring surrounds the eye, with a hazel iris. There is also an off-white color on a minor portion of the chin and on the
449:
Whistling warbler distribution has changed over time. Before a volcanic eruption in 1902, whistling warblers were usually found around 300 m above sea level, but they are now found in areas 300 m to 600 m above sea level, with more of them found at lower elevations. This higher density of whistling
414:
The immature whistling warbler has black feathers emerging on the crown and has the same appearance of the tail's feather tips as the adult, with the overall tail feather color being black. There is a dark greenish brown color on the top, and lighter color on the bottom. In place of the white marks
806:
Lovette, Irby J.; Perez-Eman, Jorge L.; Sullivan, John P.; Banks, Richard C.; Fiorentino, Isabella; Cordoba-Cordoba, Sergio; Echeverry-Galvis, Maria; Barker, F. Keith; Burnes, Kevin; Klicka, John; Lanyon, Scott M. (2010). "A Comprehensive
Multilocus Phylogeny for the Wood-Warblers and a Revised
480:
Whistling warblers forage at low heights usually from the ground to 4 m, and at most 15 m. They can be found foraging on large rocks along streams, boulders, and decayed logs. They feed on insects, herbaceous plants, and occasionally lizards. While foraging they hop from branch to branch with a
497:
due to its highly restricted and decreasing habitat and its negative population trend. There are currently estimated to be 3,000-5,000 individuals in the wild. Some portions of the warblers remaining habitat are inaccessible to humans. They are vulverable to volcanic eruptions;
471:
The whistling warbler's cup-shaped nests are found at low heights and spotted eggs have been seen in them. Nesting has been found to occur in July in one observation, and April in another. Chicks with developed wings from only a few days to a week old were seen out of the nest.
429:
song. In Andrle and Andrle's study in 1986, they found that the average of the most common songs were about 4 to 6 second. They also found that the
Whistling Warbler's songs could be heard from morning to late afternoon, unless it was heavily raining.
442:. St. Vincent is 18 miles in length and is located 13 degrees 10’ north latitude, and 60 degrees 57’ west longitude. There are also active and inactive volcanoes present on the island. There is no dry season on the hilltops and they are considered
410:
The whistling warbler's length ranges from 5 ½ inches to 5 ¾ inches. Their wings are around 2 ¾" long, the tail is about 2 ½ in", the tarsus is ~7/8 inches, and their wingspan is approximately 8 ½ inches in length.
265:. It has a dark back that fades into a lighter gradient going towards the chest. It also has a dark head, a dark strip on the breast, and a light orbital. Both male and female have the same plumage. It is
4775:
934:
Lawrence, George N. (1879). "Catalogue of the birds of St. Vincent, from collections made by Mr. Fred. A. Ober, under the direction of the
Smithsonian Institution, with his notes thereon".
4765:
293:. This habitat loss is due to volcanic activity and deforestation. Whistling warblers have cup-shaped nests, and spotted eggs. Their diet primarily consists of insects.
4636:
4675:
282:
368:
has been widely recognized. When sorted taxonomically, they are often adjacent due to their similarities in morphology and song. A phylogenetic study of
4755:
4610:
4649:
899:
1017:
587:
4770:
54:
4654:
4548:
74:
4680:
616:
Lawrence, George (1978). "Descriptions of seven new species of birds from the island of St. Vincent, West Indies".
1010:
767:
Robbins, Mark B.; Parker, Theodore A. (1997). "What Is the
Closest Living Relative of Catharopeza (Parulinae)?".
507:
4688:
4514:
4487:
193:
4693:
4785:
4535:
4449:
270:
4553:
3497:
1754:
1721:
418:
The whistling warbler's song has a rapid rhythm, with an increasing intensity that is comparable to the
176:
153:
3140:
556:
438:
Whistling warblers inhabit the hills and mountains of St. Vincent island, including
Richmond Peak, and
4054:
3452:
4597:
4527:
4496:
3517:
3385:
1249:
1003:
481:“cocked tail”. The whistling warbler often flicks this "cocked tail" swiftly when observed foraging.
3827:
3793:
662:
Andrle, Robert F.; Andrle, Patricia R. (1976). "The
Whistling Warbler of St. Vincent, West Indies".
4128:
4108:
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3160:
426:
39:
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due to their 3800 mm of rain annually. These rainforests range from 300 m to 500 m in elevation.
420:
211:
69:
4225:
3875:
3544:
3351:
3171:
2908:
2150:
964:
Bond, James (1928). "On the Birds of
Dominica, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Barbados, B. W. I.".
4641:
3405:
1801:
506:
have decreased the whistling warbler's population by around 50%. They have begun to re-inhabit
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30:
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2005:
1939:
1825:
1791:
1766:
1703:
1424:
1286:
1196:
321:
290:
4563:
315:
There are competing beliefs on who the closest relative to the whistling warbler (
4623:
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4332:
4318:
4311:
4255:
4200:
4186:
4043:
4036:
3987:
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2408:
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2181:
2105:
2043:
2029:
1953:
1932:
1775:
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1608:
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1452:
1410:
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1314:
1307:
1189:
1166:
1128:
1096:
1084:
1069:
1027:
820:
947:
915:
Webster, Dan J. (1992). "The
Manubrium-Sternum Bridge in Songbirds (Oscines)".
4727:
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4117:
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4022:
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2807:
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2647:
2633:
2586:
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2478:
2443:
2415:
2170:
2112:
2019:
1925:
1856:
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1839:
1643:
1594:
1573:
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1559:
1552:
1525:
1476:
1467:
1445:
1389:
1369:
1355:
1293:
1258:
1238:
1224:
1182:
745:
Lister, C. E. (1880). "Field-notes on the birds of St. Vincent. West Indies".
443:
4472:
977:
867:
784:
683:
4214:
4158:
4151:
4063:
3994:
3959:
3761:
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3664:
3623:
3595:
3581:
3567:
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3313:
3306:
3278:
3215:
3116:
3052:
3012:
2971:
2936:
2922:
2863:
2835:
2821:
2779:
2765:
2745:
2738:
2703:
2689:
2682:
2661:
2617:
2523:
2464:
2354:
2262:
2217:
2160:
2140:
2012:
1981:
1946:
1894:
1832:
1818:
1580:
1536:
1272:
1217:
1155:
1063:
503:
404:
327:
303:
256:
126:
86:
859:
828:
502:
has erupted twice since 1900. Both volcanic activity and deforestation for
4706:
4466:
4416:
4395:
4339:
4283:
4179:
4090:
4001:
3768:
3740:
3588:
3292:
3285:
3236:
3187:
2950:
2884:
2870:
2717:
2512:
2255:
2197:
2081:
2050:
1967:
1901:
1880:
1694:
1601:
1518:
1483:
1431:
1417:
1396:
1348:
1203:
1148:
1121:
1045:
266:
106:
792:
4615:
4522:
4367:
4304:
4241:
3898:
3775:
3678:
3574:
3434:
3360:
3222:
3208:
2915:
2800:
2731:
2552:
2485:
2126:
1995:
1960:
1918:
1811:
1784:
1622:
1334:
1300:
1114:
1057:
985:
691:
278:
458:, and valleys in those areas and more wet slopes at higher altitudes.
4628:
4509:
3671:
3644:
2929:
2241:
1988:
1636:
1587:
1511:
1039:
875:
776:
451:
415:
in an adult, a light reddish-brown is present. The quills are brown.
96:
4589:
4443:
675:
4584:
4297:
4172:
2856:
2492:
1974:
1710:
1362:
1051:
455:
4602:
399:
248:
116:
4447:
3483:
3114:
2331:
1752:
1082:
999:
966:
Proceedings of the
Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
527:
525:
523:
844:"Explosive Speciation in the New World Dendroica Warblers"
904:. Commissioner of agriculture for the West Indies. 1905.
425:, with less variation. The call is compared to a weaker
360:
closest relative. The closeness in relationship between
450:
warblers at lower altitudes is due to there being more
344:’s foraging, morphology, and song are more similar to
301:
The whistling warbler was originally given the genus,
3156:
3146:
3136:
2904:
2166:
2156:
2146:
2094:
2070:
2025:
2001:
1907:
1876:
1845:
1807:
1797:
312:
because of its stoutness in many areas of its body.
4456:
4224:
4127:
4107:
4080:
4053:
3935:
3915:
3874:
3826:
3792:
3688:
3654:
3543:
3516:
3496:
3451:
3424:
3404:
3384:
3350:
3330:
3170:
3127:
3082:
3062:
3042:
3022:
2988:
2755:
2616:
2596:
2562:
2542:
2522:
2502:
2398:
2378:
2344:
2299:
2279:
2231:
2207:
2180:
1774:
1765:
1720:
1693:
1673:
1653:
1535:
1466:
1379:
1324:
1248:
1165:
1138:
1104:
1095:
557:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22721755A180058781.en
510:and currently occupy an area of about 90 km.
4776:Endemic fauna of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
578:Curson, Jon; Quinn, David; Beadle, David (1994).
936:Proceedings of the United States National Museum
407:-sternum bridge. Females have the same plumage.
582:. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 157–158.
1011:
398:The whistling warbler is often compared to a
8:
283:subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest
4444:
3493:
3480:
3124:
3111:
2341:
2328:
1771:
1762:
1749:
1101:
1092:
1079:
1018:
1004:
996:
618:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
202:
48:
29:
20:
4766:Fauna of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
883:
807:Classification of the Parulidae (Aves)".
555:
842:Lovette, I. J.; Bermingham, E. (1999).
717:"Whistling Warbler Catharopeza bishopi"
519:
959:
957:
809:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
657:
655:
653:
651:
7:
762:
760:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
730:
711:
709:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
631:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
543:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
489:The whistling warbler is listed as
224:
285:and subtropical or tropical moist
14:
4756:IUCN Red List endangered species
848:Proceedings: Biological Sciences
73:
532:BirdLife International (2020).
1028:finches, sparrows and tanagers
624:: 146–152 – via Archive.
308:, but it was later changed to
1:
821:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.07.018
380:’s closest relative in the
352:. Other studies have shown
4802:
948:10.5479/si.00963801.27.185
917:Indiana Academy of Science
3492:
3479:
3123:
3110:
2340:
2327:
1761:
1748:
1091:
1078:
1034:
769:Ornithological Monographs
550:: e.T22721755A180058781.
332:A 1976 study argued that
217:
210:
201:
182:
175:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
434:Distribution and habitat
4771:Birds described in 1878
1755:Nine-primaried oscines
1722:Nine-primaried oscines
860:10.1098/rspb.1999.0825
289:. It is threatened by
340:’s closest relative.
901:West Indian Bulletin
462:Behavior and ecology
4733:Catharopeza-bishopi
4515:catharopeza-bishopi
4488:Catharopeza bishopi
4458:Catharopeza bishopi
854:(1429): 1629–1636.
536:Catharopeza bishopi
427:olive-backed thrush
310:Catharopeza bishopi
244:Catharopeza bishopi
186:Catharopeza bishopi
40:Conservation status
3498:Catamblyrhynchinae
580:New World Warblers
247:) is a species of
24:Whistling warbler
4743:
4742:
4715:Open Tree of Life
4450:Taxon identifiers
4441:
4440:
4437:
4436:
4433:
4432:
3475:
3474:
3471:
3470:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3101:
2323:
2322:
2319:
2318:
2227:
2226:
1744:
1743:
1740:
1739:
1462:
1461:
476:Diet and foraging
387:Dendroica plumbea
269:to the island of
259:within the genus
253:New World warbler
239:whistling warbler
235:
234:
229:
226:Andrle and Andrle
221:Leucopeza bishopi
157:
63:
4793:
4736:
4735:
4723:
4722:
4710:
4709:
4697:
4696:
4684:
4683:
4671:
4670:
4658:
4657:
4645:
4644:
4632:
4631:
4619:
4618:
4606:
4605:
4593:
4592:
4580:
4579:
4567:
4566:
4557:
4556:
4544:
4543:
4531:
4530:
4528:95AC20359BB05852
4518:
4517:
4505:
4504:
4492:
4491:
4490:
4477:
4476:
4475:
4445:
4055:Porphyrospizinae
3507:Catamblyrhynchus
3494:
3481:
3453:Xanthocephalinae
3158:
3148:
3138:
3125:
3112:
3024:Rhodinocichlidae
2990:Phaenicophilidae
2906:
2342:
2329:
2168:
2158:
2148:
2096:
2072:
2027:
2003:
1909:
1878:
1847:
1809:
1799:
1772:
1763:
1750:
1102:
1093:
1080:
1020:
1013:
1006:
997:
990:
989:
961:
952:
951:
931:
925:
924:
912:
906:
905:
896:
890:
889:
887:
839:
833:
832:
803:
797:
796:
777:10.2307/40157555
764:
755:
754:
742:
725:
724:
713:
704:
703:
659:
626:
625:
613:
594:
593:
575:
569:
568:
566:
564:
559:
529:
227:
206:
188:
152:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4795:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4790:
4746:
4745:
4744:
4739:
4731:
4726:
4718:
4713:
4705:
4702:Observation.org
4700:
4692:
4687:
4679:
4674:
4666:
4661:
4653:
4648:
4640:
4635:
4627:
4622:
4614:
4609:
4601:
4596:
4588:
4583:
4575:
4570:
4562:
4560:
4552:
4547:
4539:
4534:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4508:
4500:
4495:
4486:
4485:
4480:
4471:
4470:
4465:
4452:
4442:
4429:
4424:Wetmorethraupis
4354:Poecilostreptus
4220:
4123:
4103:
4076:
4049:
3931:
3911:
3870:
3822:
3788:
3684:
3650:
3539:
3534:Parkerthraustes
3518:Charitospizinae
3512:
3488:
3467:
3447:
3420:
3400:
3386:Dolichonychinae
3380:
3346:
3326:
3166:
3119:
3098:
3078:
3058:
3038:
3018:
2984:
2751:
2612:
2592:
2558:
2538:
2518:
2498:
2394:
2380:Calyptophilidae
2374:
2336:
2315:
2295:
2275:
2223:
2203:
2176:
2120:Rhynchostruthus
1912:Dysmorodrepanis
1757:
1736:
1716:
1689:
1675:Urocynchramidae
1669:
1649:
1531:
1458:
1375:
1320:
1250:Lagonostictinae
1244:
1161:
1134:
1087:
1074:
1030:
1024:
994:
993:
963:
962:
955:
942:(27): 185–198.
933:
932:
928:
914:
913:
909:
898:
897:
893:
841:
840:
836:
805:
804:
800:
771:(48): 595–599.
766:
765:
758:
744:
743:
728:
723:. May 12, 2019.
715:
714:
707:
676:10.2307/1366859
661:
660:
629:
615:
614:
597:
590:
577:
576:
572:
562:
560:
531:
530:
521:
516:
500:Mount Soufriére
487:
478:
469:
464:
436:
396:
299:
275:Lesser Antilles
225:
223:
197:
190:
184:
171:
168:C. bishopi
151:
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
4799:
4797:
4789:
4788:
4783:
4778:
4773:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4748:
4747:
4741:
4740:
4738:
4737:
4724:
4711:
4698:
4685:
4672:
4659:
4646:
4633:
4620:
4607:
4594:
4581:
4568:
4558:
4545:
4532:
4519:
4506:
4493:
4478:
4462:
4460:
4454:
4453:
4448:
4439:
4438:
4435:
4434:
4431:
4430:
4428:
4427:
4420:
4413:
4406:
4399:
4392:
4389:Stephanophorus
4385:
4378:
4375:Schistochlamys
4371:
4364:
4361:Pseudosaltator
4357:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4301:
4294:
4287:
4280:
4273:
4266:
4263:Chalcothraupis
4259:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4230:
4228:
4222:
4221:
4219:
4218:
4211:
4208:Trichothraupis
4204:
4197:
4190:
4183:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4155:
4148:
4145:Coryphospingus
4141:
4133:
4131:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4121:
4113:
4111:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4094:
4086:
4084:
4078:
4077:
4075:
4074:
4067:
4059:
4057:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4040:
4033:
4026:
4019:
4012:
4005:
3998:
3991:
3984:
3977:
3974:Kleinothraupis
3970:
3963:
3956:
3949:
3941:
3939:
3933:
3932:
3930:
3929:
3921:
3919:
3913:
3912:
3910:
3909:
3902:
3895:
3888:
3885:Compsothraupis
3880:
3878:
3872:
3871:
3869:
3868:
3861:
3854:
3847:
3840:
3832:
3830:
3828:Hemithraupinae
3824:
3823:
3821:
3820:
3813:
3806:
3798:
3796:
3794:Emberizoidinae
3790:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3779:
3772:
3765:
3758:
3751:
3744:
3737:
3730:
3723:
3716:
3709:
3702:
3694:
3692:
3686:
3685:
3683:
3682:
3675:
3668:
3660:
3658:
3652:
3651:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3627:
3620:
3613:
3606:
3599:
3592:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3549:
3547:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3530:
3522:
3520:
3514:
3513:
3511:
3510:
3502:
3500:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3477:
3476:
3473:
3472:
3469:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3462:Xanthocephalus
3457:
3455:
3449:
3448:
3446:
3445:
3438:
3430:
3428:
3422:
3421:
3419:
3418:
3410:
3408:
3402:
3401:
3399:
3398:
3390:
3388:
3382:
3381:
3379:
3378:
3371:
3364:
3356:
3354:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3336:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3325:
3324:
3317:
3310:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3282:
3275:
3268:
3261:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3233:
3226:
3219:
3212:
3205:
3198:
3191:
3184:
3176:
3174:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3154:
3144:
3133:
3131:
3129:incertae sedis
3121:
3120:
3115:
3108:
3107:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3080:
3079:
3077:
3076:
3068:
3066:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3056:
3048:
3046:
3040:
3039:
3037:
3036:
3028:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3017:
3016:
3009:
3006:Phaenicophilus
3002:
2994:
2992:
2986:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2975:
2968:
2961:
2954:
2947:
2940:
2933:
2926:
2919:
2912:
2902:
2895:
2888:
2881:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2832:
2825:
2818:
2815:Artemisiospiza
2811:
2804:
2797:
2794:Amphispizopsis
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2761:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2665:
2658:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2622:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2611:
2610:
2602:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2583:
2576:
2568:
2566:
2564:Mitrospingidae
2560:
2559:
2557:
2556:
2548:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2535:
2534:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2508:
2506:
2500:
2499:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2440:
2433:
2430:Chlorothraupis
2426:
2423:Caryothraustes
2419:
2412:
2404:
2402:
2396:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2384:
2382:
2376:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2350:
2348:
2338:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2313:
2312:
2311:
2305:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2293:
2285:
2283:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2237:
2235:
2229:
2228:
2225:
2224:
2222:
2221:
2213:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2194:
2186:
2184:
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2164:
2154:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2109:
2102:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2068:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2040:
2033:
2023:
2016:
2009:
1999:
1992:
1985:
1978:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1950:
1943:
1936:
1929:
1922:
1915:
1905:
1898:
1891:
1888:Coccothraustes
1884:
1874:
1871:Chrysocorythus
1867:
1864:Chlorodrepanis
1860:
1853:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1822:
1815:
1805:
1795:
1788:
1780:
1778:
1769:
1759:
1758:
1753:
1746:
1745:
1742:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1733:
1732:
1726:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1699:
1697:
1691:
1690:
1688:
1687:
1679:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1668:
1667:
1659:
1657:
1651:
1650:
1648:
1647:
1640:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1570:
1563:
1556:
1549:
1541:
1539:
1533:
1532:
1530:
1529:
1522:
1515:
1508:
1505:Onychostruthus
1501:
1498:Montifringilla
1494:
1491:Hypocryptadius
1487:
1480:
1472:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1457:
1456:
1449:
1442:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1393:
1385:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1338:
1330:
1328:
1322:
1321:
1319:
1318:
1311:
1304:
1297:
1290:
1283:
1276:
1269:
1266:Euschistospiza
1262:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1207:
1200:
1193:
1186:
1179:
1171:
1169:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1144:
1142:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1110:
1108:
1099:
1089:
1088:
1083:
1076:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1066:
1060:
1054:
1048:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1000:
992:
991:
953:
926:
907:
891:
834:
815:(2): 753–770.
798:
756:
726:
705:
670:(2): 236–243.
627:
595:
588:
570:
518:
517:
515:
512:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
465:
463:
460:
440:Grand Bonhomme
435:
432:
395:
392:
384:genus was the
298:
295:
287:montane forest
277:. Its natural
255:family. It is
233:
232:
231:
230:
215:
214:
208:
207:
199:
198:
191:
180:
179:
173:
172:
165:
163:
159:
158:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4798:
4787:
4786:Bird behavior
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4751:
4734:
4729:
4725:
4721:
4716:
4712:
4708:
4703:
4699:
4695:
4690:
4686:
4682:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4664:
4660:
4656:
4651:
4647:
4643:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4625:
4621:
4617:
4612:
4608:
4604:
4599:
4595:
4591:
4586:
4582:
4578:
4573:
4569:
4565:
4559:
4555:
4550:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4533:
4529:
4524:
4520:
4516:
4511:
4507:
4503:
4498:
4494:
4489:
4483:
4479:
4474:
4468:
4464:
4463:
4461:
4459:
4455:
4451:
4446:
4426:
4425:
4421:
4419:
4418:
4414:
4412:
4411:
4407:
4405:
4404:
4400:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4391:
4390:
4386:
4384:
4383:
4382:Sporathraupis
4379:
4377:
4376:
4372:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4363:
4362:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4351:
4349:
4348:
4344:
4342:
4341:
4337:
4335:
4334:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4323:
4321:
4320:
4316:
4314:
4313:
4309:
4307:
4306:
4302:
4300:
4299:
4295:
4293:
4292:
4291:Cnemathraupis
4288:
4286:
4285:
4281:
4279:
4278:
4274:
4272:
4271:
4267:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4258:
4257:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4231:
4229:
4227:
4223:
4217:
4216:
4212:
4210:
4209:
4205:
4203:
4202:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4191:
4189:
4188:
4184:
4182:
4181:
4177:
4175:
4174:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4166:Heliothraupis
4163:
4161:
4160:
4156:
4154:
4153:
4149:
4147:
4146:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4129:Tachyphoninae
4126:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4114:
4112:
4110:
4109:Sporophilinae
4106:
4100:
4099:
4095:
4093:
4092:
4088:
4087:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4073:
4072:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4061:
4060:
4058:
4056:
4052:
4046:
4045:
4041:
4039:
4038:
4034:
4032:
4031:
4027:
4025:
4024:
4020:
4018:
4017:
4016:Pseudospingus
4013:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3997:
3996:
3992:
3990:
3989:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3978:
3976:
3975:
3971:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3957:
3955:
3954:
3950:
3948:
3947:
3946:Castanozoster
3943:
3942:
3940:
3938:
3934:
3928:
3927:
3923:
3922:
3920:
3918:
3917:Orchesticinae
3914:
3908:
3907:
3903:
3901:
3900:
3896:
3894:
3893:
3889:
3887:
3886:
3882:
3881:
3879:
3877:
3873:
3867:
3866:
3862:
3860:
3859:
3858:Heterospingus
3855:
3853:
3852:
3848:
3846:
3845:
3841:
3839:
3838:
3837:Chrysothlypis
3834:
3833:
3831:
3829:
3825:
3819:
3818:
3814:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3805:
3804:
3800:
3799:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3785:
3784:
3780:
3778:
3777:
3773:
3771:
3770:
3766:
3764:
3763:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3745:
3743:
3742:
3738:
3736:
3735:
3731:
3729:
3728:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3717:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3703:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3695:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3681:
3680:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3667:
3666:
3662:
3661:
3659:
3657:
3653:
3647:
3646:
3642:
3640:
3639:
3635:
3633:
3632:
3628:
3626:
3625:
3621:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3612:
3611:
3607:
3605:
3604:
3600:
3598:
3597:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3586:
3584:
3583:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3572:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3563:
3562:
3558:
3556:
3555:
3551:
3550:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3531:
3529:
3528:
3524:
3523:
3521:
3519:
3515:
3509:
3508:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3487:
3482:
3478:
3464:
3463:
3459:
3458:
3456:
3454:
3450:
3444:
3443:
3439:
3437:
3436:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3427:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3412:
3411:
3409:
3407:
3403:
3397:
3396:
3392:
3391:
3389:
3387:
3383:
3377:
3376:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3363:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3342:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3333:
3332:Amblycercinae
3329:
3323:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3315:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3300:Pseudoleistes
3297:
3295:
3294:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3272:Macroagelaius
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3260:
3259:
3255:
3253:
3252:
3248:
3246:
3245:
3241:
3239:
3238:
3234:
3232:
3231:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3220:
3218:
3217:
3213:
3211:
3210:
3206:
3204:
3203:
3199:
3197:
3196:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3178:
3177:
3175:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3162:
3161:Pyelorhamphus
3155:
3153:
3152:
3145:
3143:
3142:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3087:
3085:
3081:
3075:
3074:
3070:
3069:
3067:
3065:
3064:Teretistridae
3061:
3055:
3054:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3045:
3041:
3035:
3034:
3033:Rhodinocichla
3030:
3029:
3027:
3025:
3021:
3015:
3014:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2995:
2993:
2991:
2987:
2981:
2980:
2976:
2974:
2973:
2969:
2967:
2966:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2953:
2952:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2932:
2931:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2920:
2918:
2917:
2913:
2911:
2910:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2875:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2843:Chlorospingus
2840:
2838:
2837:
2833:
2831:
2830:
2826:
2824:
2823:
2819:
2817:
2816:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2805:
2803:
2802:
2798:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2757:Passerellidae
2754:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2652:
2650:
2649:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2638:
2636:
2635:
2631:
2629:
2628:
2624:
2623:
2621:
2619:
2615:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2599:
2598:Nesospingidae
2595:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2575:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2565:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2545:
2541:
2532:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2505:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2474:
2473:
2472:Periporphyrus
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2460:
2459:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2432:
2431:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2420:
2418:
2417:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2390:
2389:Calyptophilus
2386:
2385:
2383:
2381:
2377:
2371:
2370:
2369:Rhynchophanes
2366:
2364:
2363:
2362:Plectrophenax
2359:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2309:
2308:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2291:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2281:Peucedramidae
2278:
2272:
2271:
2270:Tmetothylacus
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2249:Dendronanthus
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2219:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2206:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2115:
2114:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2089:Pyrrhoplectes
2086:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2034:
2032:
2031:
2024:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2000:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1991:
1990:
1986:
1984:
1983:
1979:
1977:
1976:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1951:
1949:
1948:
1944:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1923:
1921:
1920:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1904:
1903:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1858:
1854:
1852:
1851:
1844:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1827:
1823:
1821:
1820:
1816:
1814:
1813:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1796:
1794:
1793:
1789:
1787:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1747:
1730:
1729:
1728:
1727:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1696:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1684:Urocynchramus
1681:
1680:
1678:
1676:
1672:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1652:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1630:Pseudonigrita
1627:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1611:
1610:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1597:
1596:
1592:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1550:
1548:
1547:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1520:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1506:
1502:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1469:
1465:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1439:Stagonopleura
1436:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1399:
1398:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1378:
1372:
1371:
1367:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1358:
1357:
1353:
1351:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1343:
1339:
1337:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1317:
1316:
1312:
1310:
1309:
1305:
1303:
1302:
1298:
1296:
1295:
1291:
1289:
1288:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1277:
1275:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1261:
1260:
1256:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1229:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1211:Glaucestrilda
1208:
1206:
1205:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1194:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1177:
1173:
1172:
1170:
1168:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1086:
1081:
1077:
1071:
1068:Superfamily:
1067:
1065:
1061:
1059:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1029:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1001:
998:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
960:
958:
954:
949:
945:
941:
937:
930:
927:
922:
918:
911:
908:
903:
902:
895:
892:
886:
881:
877:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
838:
835:
830:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
802:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
770:
763:
761:
757:
752:
748:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
727:
722:
718:
712:
710:
706:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
658:
656:
654:
652:
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
628:
623:
619:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
596:
591:
589:0-7136-3932-6
585:
581:
574:
571:
558:
553:
549:
545:
544:
539:
537:
528:
526:
524:
520:
513:
511:
509:
505:
501:
496:
495:IUCN Red List
492:
484:
482:
475:
473:
466:
461:
459:
457:
453:
447:
445:
441:
433:
431:
428:
424:
422:
416:
412:
408:
406:
401:
393:
391:
389:
388:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
358:Catharopeza’s
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
329:
324:
323:
319:) is between
318:
313:
311:
307:
305:
296:
294:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:Saint Vincent
268:
264:
263:
258:
254:
250:
246:
245:
240:
222:
219:
218:
216:
213:
209:
205:
200:
195:
189:
187:
181:
178:
177:Binomial name
174:
170:
169:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
149:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
127:Passeriformes
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
4457:
4422:
4415:
4410:Tephrophilus
4408:
4401:
4394:
4387:
4380:
4373:
4366:
4359:
4352:
4345:
4338:
4331:
4326:Lophospingus
4324:
4317:
4310:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4270:Chlorochrysa
4268:
4261:
4254:
4247:
4240:
4235:Anisognathus
4233:
4213:
4206:
4199:
4194:Rhodospingus
4192:
4185:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4150:
4143:
4138:Conothraupis
4136:
4116:
4098:Saltatricula
4096:
4089:
4082:Saltatorinae
4069:
4062:
4042:
4035:
4028:
4021:
4014:
4009:Poospizopsis
4007:
4000:
3993:
3986:
3981:Microspingus
3979:
3972:
3965:
3958:
3951:
3944:
3924:
3906:Sericossypha
3904:
3897:
3890:
3883:
3863:
3856:
3851:Hemithraupis
3849:
3844:Chlorophanes
3842:
3835:
3815:
3810:Emberizoides
3808:
3803:Coryphaspiza
3801:
3781:
3774:
3767:
3760:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3732:
3727:Geospizopsis
3725:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3677:
3670:
3663:
3643:
3636:
3631:Pinaroloxias
3629:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3587:
3580:
3573:
3566:
3561:Camarhynchus
3559:
3552:
3532:
3527:Charitospiza
3525:
3505:
3460:
3440:
3433:
3426:Sturnellinae
3413:
3393:
3373:
3366:
3359:
3339:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3298:
3291:
3284:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3235:
3228:
3221:
3214:
3207:
3202:Amblyramphus
3200:
3193:
3186:
3179:
3159:
3149:
3139:
3128:
3071:
3051:
3031:
3011:
3004:
2997:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2958:Spizelloides
2956:
2949:
2944:Rhynchospiza
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2907:
2897:
2890:
2883:
2878:Oreothraupis
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2778:
2771:
2764:
2744:
2737:
2730:
2725:Protonotaria
2723:
2716:
2709:
2702:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2676:Limnothlypis
2674:
2667:
2660:
2653:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2627:Basileuterus
2625:
2605:
2585:
2580:Mitrospingus
2578:
2571:
2551:
2511:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2470:
2463:
2456:
2449:
2442:
2435:
2428:
2421:
2414:
2407:
2400:Cardinalidae
2387:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2334:Emberizoidea
2301:Emberizoidea
2288:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:Motacillidae
2216:
2209:Fringillinae
2196:
2191:Chlorophonia
2189:
2169:
2159:
2149:
2139:
2132:
2125:
2118:
2111:
2104:
2099:Rhodacanthis
2097:
2087:
2080:
2075:Psittirostra
2073:
2065:Pseudonestor
2063:
2058:Procarduelis
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2018:
2011:
2006:Melamprosops
2004:
1994:
1987:
1980:
1973:
1966:
1959:
1952:
1945:
1940:Hesperiphona
1938:
1931:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1900:
1893:
1886:
1879:
1869:
1862:
1855:
1848:
1838:
1831:
1826:Callacanthis
1824:
1817:
1810:
1800:
1792:Agraphospiza
1790:
1783:
1767:Fringillidae
1709:
1704:Anomalospiza
1702:
1682:
1662:
1642:
1635:
1628:
1621:
1614:
1607:
1600:
1593:
1586:
1579:
1572:
1565:
1558:
1551:
1544:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1451:
1444:
1437:
1430:
1425:Oreostruthus
1423:
1416:
1409:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1347:
1340:
1333:
1313:
1306:
1299:
1292:
1287:Lagonosticta
1285:
1278:
1271:
1264:
1257:
1237:
1230:
1223:
1216:
1209:
1202:
1197:Delacourella
1195:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1154:
1147:
1140:Erythrurinae
1127:
1120:
1113:
1062:Infraorder:
969:
965:
939:
935:
929:
920:
916:
910:
900:
894:
851:
847:
837:
812:
808:
801:
768:
750:
746:
720:
667:
663:
621:
617:
579:
573:
561:. Retrieved
547:
541:
535:
508:Le Soufriére
488:
479:
470:
448:
437:
419:
417:
413:
409:
397:
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
346:Phaeothlypis
345:
341:
337:
334:Phaeothlypis
333:
326:
322:Phaeothlypis
320:
316:
314:
309:
302:
300:
291:habitat loss
261:
260:
243:
242:
238:
236:
220:
185:
183:
167:
166:
154:P.L. Sclater
147:
146:
18:
4689:Neotropical
4624:iNaturalist
4502:Catharopeza
4482:Wikispecies
4333:Neothraupis
4319:Ixothraupis
4312:Iridosornis
4256:Calochaetes
4201:Tachyphonus
4187:Ramphocelus
4044:Xenospingus
4037:Urothraupis
3988:Nephelornis
3967:Donacospiza
3953:Cnemoscopus
3937:Poospizinae
3926:Orchesticus
3892:Cyanicterus
3865:Iridophanes
3713:Conirostrum
3699:Acanthidops
3690:Diglossinae
3610:Melanospiza
3375:Psarocolius
3341:Amblycercus
3258:Hypopyrrhus
3251:Gymnomystax
3244:Gnorimopsar
3195:Agelasticus
3181:Agelaioides
3093:See below ↓
3073:Teretistris
3044:Spindalidae
2979:Zonotrichia
2892:Passerculus
2829:Calamospiza
2711:Oreothlypis
2697:Myiothlypis
2669:Leiothlypis
2655:Helmitheros
2641:Catharopeza
2607:Nesospingus
2573:Lamprospiza
2533:See below ↓
2504:Emberizidae
2451:Granatellus
2437:Cyanocompsa
2409:Amaurospiza
2346:Calcariidae
2310:See below ↓
2290:Peucedramus
2182:Euphoniinae
2106:Rhodopechys
2044:Paroreomyza
2030:Orthiospiza
1954:Leucosticte
1933:Hemignathus
1776:Carduelinae
1731:See below ↓
1655:Prunellidae
1616:Plocepasser
1609:Philetairus
1546:Amblyospiza
1453:Taeniopygia
1411:Heteromunia
1381:Poephilinae
1342:Lepidopygia
1326:Lonchurinae
1315:Uraeginthus
1308:Spermophaga
1190:Cryptospiza
1167:Estrildinae
1129:Ortygospiza
1106:Amandavinae
1097:Estrildidae
1085:Passeroidea
1070:Passeroidea
972:: 523–545.
563:12 November
444:rainforests
421:Troglodytes
394:Description
378:Catharopeza
376:found that
374:Catharopeza
366:Catharopeza
342:Catharopeza
338:Catharopeza
317:Catharopeza
262:Catharopeza
228:, 1976
148:Catharopeza
4750:Categories
4728:Xeno-canto
4347:Pipraeidea
4277:Chlorornis
4249:Buthraupis
4226:Thraupinae
4118:Sporophila
4071:Rhopospina
4030:Thlypopsis
4023:Sphenopsis
3876:Nemosiinae
3817:Embernagra
3783:Xenodacnis
3748:Melanodera
3734:Haplospiza
3638:Platyspiza
3617:Melopyrrha
3603:Loxipasser
3554:Asemospiza
3545:Coerebinae
3486:Thraupidae
3395:Dolichonyx
3368:Cassiculus
3352:Cassicinae
3321:Xanthopsar
3265:Lampropsar
3172:Agelaiinae
3151:Pandanaris
3084:Thraupidae
2999:Microligea
2965:Torreornis
2909:Pedinorhis
2899:Passerella
2850:Chondestes
2808:Arremonops
2787:Amphispiza
2773:Ammodramus
2648:Geothlypis
2634:Cardellina
2587:Orthogonys
2544:Icteriidae
2479:Pheucticus
2444:Cyanoloxia
2416:Cardinalis
2171:Xestospiza
2151:Vangulifer
2113:Rhodospiza
2020:Oreomystis
1926:Haemorhous
1850:Chloridops
1840:Carpodacus
1644:Sporopipes
1595:Histurgops
1574:Dinemellia
1567:Bubalornis
1560:Brachycope
1553:Anaplectes
1526:Pyrgilauda
1477:Carpospiza
1468:Passeridae
1446:Stizoptera
1390:Aidemosyne
1370:Spermestes
1356:Mayrimunia
1294:Pyrenestes
1259:Clytospiza
1239:Parmoptila
1225:Nesocharis
1183:Coccopygia
1056:Suborder:
1026:Genera of
923:: 299–308.
664:The Condor
514:References
491:endangered
55:Endangered
4761:Parulidae
4215:Volatinia
4159:Eucometis
4152:Creurgops
4064:Incaspiza
3995:Piezorina
3960:Cypsnagra
3762:Phrygilus
3755:Nesospiza
3706:Catamenia
3665:Cyanerpes
3624:Phonipara
3596:Loxigilla
3582:Euneornis
3568:Certhidea
3442:Sturnella
3406:Icterinae
3314:Quiscalus
3307:Ptiloxena
3279:Molothrus
3216:Chrysomus
3141:Cremaster
3117:Icteridae
3053:Spindalis
3013:Xenoligea
2972:Xenospiza
2937:Pooecetes
2923:Pezopetes
2864:Melospiza
2836:Centronyx
2822:Atlapetes
2780:Ammospiza
2766:Aimophila
2746:Vermivora
2739:Setophaga
2704:Oporornis
2690:Myioborus
2683:Mniotilta
2662:Leucopeza
2618:Parulidae
2524:Icteridae
2465:Passerina
2355:Calcarius
2263:Motacilla
2218:Fringilla
2161:Viridonia
2141:Telespiza
2013:Mycerobas
1982:Loxioides
1947:Himatione
1895:Crithagra
1833:Carduelis
1819:Bucanetes
1802:Aidemedia
1581:Euplectes
1537:Ploceidae
1273:Granatina
1218:Mandingoa
1176:Brunhilda
1156:Erythrura
1064:Passerida
1038:Kingdom:
978:0097-3157
868:0962-8452
785:0078-6594
684:0010-5422
504:sugarcane
405:manubrium
390:species.
382:Dendroica
370:Dendroica
362:Dendroica
354:Dendroica
350:Dendroica
328:Dendroica
304:Leucopeza
257:monotypic
162:Species:
137:Parulidae
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
4781:Warblers
4668:22721755
4642:11111595
4541:22721755
4536:BirdLife
4467:Wikidata
4417:Thraupis
4396:Stilpnia
4340:Paroaria
4284:Cissopis
4180:Loriotus
4091:Saltator
4002:Poospiza
3769:Rowettia
3741:Idiopsar
3720:Diglossa
3656:Dacninae
3589:Geospiza
3293:Oreopsar
3286:Nesopsar
3237:Euphagus
3188:Agelaius
2951:Spizella
2885:Oriturus
2871:Melozone
2718:Parkesia
2513:Emberiza
2256:Macronyx
2198:Euphonia
2082:Pyrrhula
2051:Pinicola
2037:Palmeria
1968:Linurgus
1902:Drepanis
1881:Ciridops
1785:Acanthis
1695:Viduidae
1664:Prunella
1602:Malimbus
1519:Petronia
1484:Gymnoris
1432:Poephila
1418:Neochmia
1397:Bathilda
1349:Lonchura
1280:Hypargos
1204:Estrilda
1149:Chloebia
1122:Amandava
1046:Chordata
1044:Phylum:
1040:Animalia
829:20696258
793:40157555
753:: 38–44.
721:BirdLife
700:54580927
467:Breeding
423:rufescen
297:Taxonomy
279:habitats
212:Synonyms
194:Lawrence
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
4694:whiwar1
4616:2489869
4603:1052089
4590:whiwar1
4564:whiwar1
4523:Avibase
4473:Q522449
4403:Tangara
4368:Rauenia
4305:Dubusia
4242:Bangsia
3899:Nemosia
3776:Sicalis
3679:Tersina
3575:Coereba
3435:Leistes
3415:Icterus
3361:Cacicus
3223:Curaeus
3209:Anumara
2916:Peucaea
2801:Arremon
2732:Seiurus
2553:Icteria
2486:Piranga
2127:Serinus
1996:Magumma
1961:Linaria
1919:Eophona
1857:Chloris
1812:Akialoa
1623:Ploceus
1404:Emblema
1335:Euodice
1301:Pytilia
1232:Nigrita
1115:Amadina
1058:Passeri
1050:Class:
986:4064004
885:1690178
692:1366859
493:by the
452:ravines
306:bishopi
273:in the
267:endemic
251:in the
196:, 1878)
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
4720:335225
4681:182921
4655:559095
4510:ARKive
3672:Dacnis
3645:Tiaris
2930:Pipilo
2242:Anthus
2134:Spinus
1989:Loxops
1637:Quelea
1588:Foudia
1512:Passer
984:
976:
882:
874:
866:
827:
791:
783:
698:
690:
682:
586:
485:Status
456:gorges
356:to be
156:, 1880
4707:78556
4637:IRMNG
4629:10574
4585:eBird
4577:69FQJ
4561:BOW:
4554:66164
4298:Diuca
4173:Lanio
3230:Dives
2857:Junco
2493:Spiza
2458:Habia
1975:Loxia
1711:Vidua
1363:Padda
982:JSTOR
876:51517
872:JSTOR
789:JSTOR
696:S2CID
688:JSTOR
348:than
4676:NCBI
4663:IUCN
4650:ITIS
4611:GBIF
4549:BOLD
1052:Aves
974:ISSN
864:ISSN
825:PMID
781:ISSN
747:Ibis
680:ISSN
584:ISBN
565:2021
548:2020
400:wren
372:and
364:and
336:was
325:and
281:are
249:bird
237:The
117:Aves
4598:EoL
4572:CoL
4497:ADW
944:doi
921:101
880:PMC
856:doi
852:266
817:doi
773:doi
672:doi
552:doi
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