978:
123:
416:
471:
875:
805:
914:
1046:
356:
505:
496:
487:
478:
450:
441:
432:
423:
1663:
M. O'Sullivan, D. M. Martill, and D. Groocock. 2013. A pterosaur humerus and scapulocoracoid from the
Jurassic Whitby Mudstone Formation, and the evolution of large body size in early pterosaurs. Proceedings of the Geologists'
1393:
O'Sullivan, Michael; Martill, David M.; Groocock, David (December 2013). "A pterosaur humerus and scapulocoracoid from the
Jurassic Whitby Mudstone Formation, and the evolution of large body size in early pterosaurs".
1213:
1299:
O’Sullivan, Michael; Rigby, Martin (April 2017). "The first evidence of a
Campylognathoides —like pterosaur in the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) Whitby Mudstone Formation of Lincolnshire, England".
1674:
M. J. Benton and M. A. Taylor. 1984. Marine reptiles from the Upper Lias (Lower
Toarcian, Lower Jurassic) of the Yorkshire coast. Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society 44(4):399-429
1137:
1429:
Taylor, M. A. (May 1992). "Taxonomy and taphonomy of
Rhomaleosaurus zetlandicus (Plesiosauria, Reptilia) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of the Yorkshire coast".
415:
1677:
F. v. Huene. 1926. The carnivorous
Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe. Revista del Museo de La Plata 29:35-167
1700:
1575:"The taxonomy and systematics of Parapsicephalus purdoni (Reptilia: Pterosauria) from the Lower Jurassic Whitby Mudstone Formation, Whitby, U.K"
977:
1489:
470:
1740:
1750:
1745:
1640:
1735:
1725:
616:
remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, although none have yet been referred to a specific
1710:
902:
Single partial skull lacking the snout (GSM 3166), tentantive referral of a humerus and scapulocoracoid (NHMUK PV R36634).
1730:
1574:
1364:
213:
1720:
258:
1333:
Woodward, A. S. (1889). On the paleontology of sturgeons. Proceedings of the
Geologists' Association, 11(1), 24-32.
1705:
1260:
1238:
1113:
122:
304:
265:
209:
1715:
1147:
199:
575:
379:
191:
182:
195:
1591:
1547:
1438:
1403:
1308:
1125:
1023:
587:
136:
1684:, sp. n) from the Upper Lias of Northamptonshire. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 10:407-415
1626:
1618:
874:
547:
1582:
785:
1521:"A Review of Necrotauliids from the Triassic/Jurassic of England (Trichoptera: Necrotauliidae)"
804:
1636:
1552:
1485:
1454:
1344:
1142:
669:
1599:
1542:
1532:
1477:
1446:
1411:
1373:
1316:
1094:
913:
724:
602:
1121:
943:
906:
885:
622:
571:
567:
375:
371:
186:
1595:
1442:
1407:
1312:
1191:
1175:
953:
813:
759:
721:
691:
555:
535:
343:
297:
1694:
1472:
Benton, M. J.; Spencer, P. S. (1995), "British Early
Jurassic fossil reptile sites",
845:
835:
735:
81:
29:
1045:
1622:
1252:
1230:
924:
798:
795:
769:
594:, medium to dark grey in colour, with rare fine grained calcareous sandstone beds.
1603:
1630:
1415:
1320:
1481:
1217:
864:
599:
56:
1188:
1172:
1112:
Insect compression fossils are known from nodules found on
Alderton Hill near
563:
146:
101:
66:
1556:
1458:
1349:: Redescribing the poorly known Early Jurassic teleosauroid thalattosuchians
319:
306:
280:
267:
1667:
A. S. Smith and G. J. Dyke. 2008. The skull of the giant predatory pliosaur
1117:
1077:
1056:
701:
595:
551:
339:
246:
106:
50:
1671:: implications for plesiosaur phylogenetics. Naturwissenschaften 95:975-980
1537:
1520:
1378:
1635:(2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 1–880.
1450:
613:
531:
236:
96:
91:
76:
71:
61:
33:
591:
559:
361:
111:
86:
1044:
912:
873:
394:
620:. One of the more notable discoveries is the skull of the pterosaur
976:
617:
1680:
C. W. Andrews. 1922. Note on the skeleton of a large plesiosaur (
1506:
Report of the
British Association for the Advancement of Science
1519:
Kelly, Richard S.; Ross, Andrew J.; Coram, Robert A. (2018).
896:
Loftus Alum Shale Quarry, Saltwick Bay (referred material)
586:
The formation consists of mudstone and siltstone, partly
1343:
Sachs, S.; Johnson, M.M.; Young, M.T.; Abel, P. (2019).
404:
Coastal exposures from Hawsker Bottoms to Whitby Harbour
1687:
R. Tate and J. F. Blake. 1876. The Yorkshire Lias 1-475
633:
1504:
Owen, R. (1842), "Report on British fossil reptiles",
1138:
List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in England
970:NHMUK PV Rr4853, a single mostly complete skeleton
400:
390:
385:
367:
349:
335:
296:
257:
252:
242:
232:
227:
219:
205:
178:
152:
142:
132:
23:
1476:, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, p. 118,
1573:O'Sullivan, Michael; Martill, David M. (2017).
1431:Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society
8:
867:, formerly considered to be the holotype of
638:Vertebrates of the Whitby Mudstone Formation
546:in regional chronostratigraphy) geological
1396:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
1301:Proceedings of the Geologists' Association
803:
121:
20:
1548:1983/06ae01fb-06bc-41d0-bcbd-f7519cb07df6
1546:
1536:
1377:
636:
1206:
1187:Not to be confused with the Ordovician
1171:Not to be confused with the Ordovician
1164:
504:
495:
486:
477:
449:
440:
431:
422:
626:, found within the Alum Shale Member.
16:Geological formation in Yorkshire, UK
7:
1280:Weishampel et al., 2004, pp. 517-607
1089:Incomplete anterior dorsal vertebra
457:Whitby Mudstone (the United Kingdom)
1257:The BGS lexicon of named rock units
1235:The BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units
996:Loftus (also Lofthouse) Alum Mine
14:
1474:Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain
1017:NMING F8785, a partial skeleton
1002:YORYM G503, a partial skeleton
503:
494:
485:
476:
469:
448:
439:
430:
421:
414:
354:
1525:Psyche: A Journal of Entomology
1701:Geologic formations of England
1289:O'Sullivan & Martill, 2017
460:Show map of the United Kingdom
223:Up to 120 m (390 ft)
214:Cleveland Ironstone Formations
1:
1604:10.1080/08912963.2017.1281919
1365:Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
1128:and other nearby localities.
562:. The formation, part of the
1416:10.1016/j.pgeola.2013.03.002
1321:10.1016/j.pgeola.2016.12.009
605:are present at some levels.
298:Approximate paleocoordinates
1482:10.1007/978-94-011-0519-4_5
1253:"Whitby Mudstone Formation"
1231:"Whitby Mudstone Formation"
792:Multiple partial skeletons
717:Multiple partial skeletons
1767:
1741:Geology of North Yorkshire
832:Several partial skeletons
687:NHMUK PV R 36712, Humerus
1751:Jurassic System of Europe
1746:Geology of Worcestershire
1508:, London, pp. 60–204
1351:Mystriosaurus laurillardi
1261:British Geological Survey
1239:British Geological Survey
975:
972:
951:
512:Whitby Mudstone (England)
408:
120:
28:
1682:Rhomaleosaurus thorntoni
1669:Rhomaleosaurus cramptoni
1629:, Halszka, eds. (2004).
1012:Alum quarry, Kettleness
982:Rhomaleosaurus cramptoni
899:Upper Alum Shale Member
200:Bridport Sand Formations
1736:Paleontology in England
1726:Shallow marine deposits
1092:Originally referred to
653:Stratigraphic position
1379:10.4202/app.00557.2018
1068:Femur, currently lost
1049:
985:
917:
878:
869:"Steneosaurus" brevior
827:Harpoceras serpentinum
127:East Cliff near Whitby
1711:Early Jurassic Europe
1048:
980:
916:
877:
861:Skull and lower jaws
755:MCZ 1033, a skeleton
1731:Open marine deposits
1538:10.1155/2018/6706120
1451:10.1144/pygs.49.1.49
1355:Steneosaurus brevior
1154:Notes and references
1126:Alderton Hill Quarry
1024:Plagiophthalmosuchus
566:, is present in the
137:Geological formation
1721:Mudstone formations
1596:2017HBio...29.1009O
1443:1992PYGS...49...49T
1408:2013PrGA..124..973O
1313:2017PrGA..128..287O
1148:Toarcian formations
964:Kingsthorpe Hollow
576:East Midlands Shelf
515:Show map of England
380:East Midlands Shelf
316: /
277: /
160:Fox Cliff Siltstone
30:Stratigraphic range
1583:Historical Biology
1050:
999:Alum Shale Member
986:
918:
879:
786:Hildoceras bifrons
783:Upper Alum Shale,
776:M. homalospondylus
1491:978-94-010-4231-4
1143:Toarcian turnover
1105:
1104:
1030:P. gracilirostris
973:A Rhomaleosaurid
670:Campylognathoides
524:
523:
1758:
1706:Jurassic England
1653:
1651:
1649:
1614:
1612:
1610:
1590:(8): 1009–1018.
1579:
1561:
1560:
1550:
1540:
1516:
1510:
1509:
1501:
1495:
1494:
1469:
1463:
1462:
1426:
1420:
1419:
1390:
1384:
1383:
1381:
1361:
1345:"The mystery of
1340:
1334:
1331:
1325:
1324:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1281:
1278:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1267:
1249:
1243:
1242:
1227:
1221:
1211:
1195:
1185:
1179:
1169:
1095:Streptospondylus
807:
746:Whitby-Saltwick
634:
572:Worcester Basins
516:
507:
506:
498:
497:
489:
488:
480:
479:
473:
461:
452:
451:
443:
442:
434:
433:
425:
424:
418:
376:Worcester Basins
360:
358:
357:
331:
330:
328:
327:
326:
321:
317:
314:
313:
312:
309:
292:
291:
289:
288:
287:
282:
278:
275:
274:
273:
270:
187:Ravenscar Groups
125:
116:
53:
21:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1756:
1755:
1691:
1690:
1660:
1658:Further reading
1647:
1645:
1643:
1617:
1608:
1606:
1577:
1572:
1569:
1564:
1518:
1517:
1513:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1492:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1428:
1427:
1423:
1392:
1391:
1387:
1359:
1342:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1328:
1298:
1297:
1293:
1288:
1284:
1279:
1275:
1265:
1263:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1214:Whitby Mudstone
1212:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1198:
1186:
1182:
1170:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1134:
1122:Gloucestershire
1110:
944:Thalattosuchian
907:Rhamphorhynchid
886:Parapsicephalus
742:H. longirostris
632:
623:Parapsicephalus
611:
584:
528:Whitby Mudstone
520:
519:
518:
517:
514:
513:
510:
509:
508:
500:
499:
491:
490:
482:
481:
464:
463:
462:
459:
458:
455:
454:
453:
445:
444:
436:
435:
427:
426:
355:
353:
324:
322:
318:
315:
310:
307:
305:
303:
302:
285:
283:
279:
276:
271:
268:
266:
264:
263:
189:
183:Inferior Oolite
157:
128:
115:
114:
109:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
48:
47:
45:
24:Whitby Mudstone
17:
12:
11:
5:
1764:
1762:
1754:
1753:
1748:
1743:
1738:
1733:
1728:
1723:
1718:
1716:Toarcian Stage
1713:
1708:
1703:
1693:
1692:
1689:
1688:
1685:
1678:
1675:
1672:
1665:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1641:
1632:The Dinosauria
1615:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1562:
1511:
1496:
1490:
1464:
1421:
1402:(6): 973–981.
1385:
1372:(3): 565–579.
1335:
1326:
1307:(2): 287–291.
1291:
1282:
1273:
1244:
1222:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1196:
1180:
1163:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1109:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1083:
1082:Indeterminate
1080:
1074:
1073:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1061:Indeterminate
1059:
1052:
1051:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1035:
1032:
1027:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1004:
1003:
1000:
997:
994:
992:R. zetlandicus
988:
987:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
957:
954:Rhomaleosaurus
949:
948:
946:
941:
939:
936:
933:
928:
920:
919:
910:
903:
900:
897:
894:
889:
881:
880:
871:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:M. laurillardi
849:
841:
840:
838:
833:
830:
824:
822:
817:
814:Macrospondylus
809:
808:
801:
793:
790:
781:
778:
773:
765:
764:
762:
760:Rhomaleosaurid
756:
753:
747:
744:
739:
731:
730:
728:
725:acipenseriform
718:
715:
713:
710:
705:
697:
696:
694:
688:
685:
679:
676:
675:Indeterminate
673:
664:
663:
660:
657:
654:
651:
648:
645:
641:
640:
631:
628:
610:
609:Fossil content
607:
583:
580:
556:Worcestershire
536:Early Jurassic
522:
521:
511:
502:
501:
493:
492:
484:
483:
475:
474:
468:
467:
466:
465:
456:
447:
446:
438:
437:
429:
428:
420:
419:
413:
412:
411:
410:
409:
406:
405:
402:
398:
397:
392:
388:
387:
383:
382:
369:
365:
364:
351:
347:
346:
344:Worcestershire
337:
333:
332:
300:
294:
293:
261:
255:
254:
250:
249:
244:
240:
239:
234:
230:
229:
225:
224:
221:
217:
216:
210:Marlstone Rock
207:
203:
202:
180:
176:
175:
174:
173:
170:
169:Mulgrave Shale
167:
164:
161:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
126:
118:
117:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
54:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1763:
1752:
1749:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1727:
1724:
1722:
1719:
1717:
1714:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1696:
1686:
1683:
1679:
1676:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1657:
1644:
1642:0-520-24209-2
1638:
1634:
1633:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1576:
1571:
1570:
1566:
1558:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1515:
1512:
1507:
1500:
1497:
1493:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1468:
1465:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1425:
1422:
1417:
1413:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1389:
1386:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1367:
1366:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1348:
1347:Mystriosaurus
1339:
1336:
1330:
1327:
1322:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1302:
1295:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1274:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1248:
1245:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1193:
1190:
1184:
1181:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1158:
1153:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1129:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1107:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1075:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1053:
1047:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1005:
1001:
998:
995:
993:
990:
989:
984:holotype cast
983:
979:
969:
966:
963:
961:
958:
956:
955:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
926:
922:
921:
915:
911:
908:
904:
901:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
887:
883:
882:
876:
872:
870:
866:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
847:
846:Mystriosaurus
843:
842:
839:
837:
834:
831:
828:
825:
823:
821:
818:
816:
815:
811:
810:
806:
802:
800:
797:
794:
791:
788:
787:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
771:
767:
766:
763:
761:
757:
754:
751:
748:
745:
743:
740:
738:
737:
736:Hauffiosaurus
733:
732:
729:
726:
723:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
703:
699:
698:
695:
693:
689:
686:
683:
680:
677:
674:
672:
671:
666:
665:
661:
658:
655:
652:
649:
646:
643:
642:
639:
635:
629:
627:
625:
624:
619:
615:
608:
606:
604:
601:
597:
593:
589:
581:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
472:
417:
407:
403:
399:
396:
393:
389:
384:
381:
377:
373:
370:
366:
363:
352:
348:
345:
341:
338:
334:
329:
301:
299:
295:
290:
262:
260:
256:
251:
248:
245:
241:
238:
235:
231:
226:
222:
218:
215:
211:
208:
204:
201:
197:
193:
188:
184:
181:
177:
171:
168:
165:
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1607:. Retrieved
1587:
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1567:Bibliography
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1111:
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1041:Teleosaurid
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1008:R. cramptoni
1007:
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960:R. thorntoni
959:
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925:Pelagosaurus
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796:Microcleidid
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722:chondrosteid
708:G. mirabilis
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386:Type section
320:42.5°N 9.3°E
281:54.5°N 0.6°W
41:
37:
18:
1664:Association
1648:21 February
1218:Fossilworks
1192:Lagerstätte
1176:Lagerstätte
938:Alum Shale
865:Teleosaurid
836:Teleosaurid
630:Vertebrates
323: /
284: /
259:Coordinates
1695:Categories
1619:Weishampel
1266:1 November
1202:References
1189:Alum Shale
1173:Alum Shale
909:pterosaur
892:P. purdoni
799:plesiosaur
750:Falciferum
682:Falciferum
678:Winterton
656:Abundance
600:phosphatic
592:bituminous
564:Lias Group
540:Falciferum
286:54.5; -0.6
172:Grey Shale
166:Alum Shale
147:Lias Group
38:Falciferum
1625:, Peter;
1557:0033-2615
1459:0044-0604
1194:of Sweden
1178:of Sweden
1118:Dumbleton
1078:Tetanurae
1057:Theropoda
702:Gyrosteus
692:pterosaur
650:Location
596:Limestone
588:laminated
582:Lithology
568:Cleveland
552:Yorkshire
548:formation
391:Named for
372:Cleveland
340:Yorkshire
325:42.5; 9.3
247:Siltstone
228:Lithology
220:Thickness
192:Blea Wyke
179:Underlies
153:Sub-units
1627:Osmólska
1609:12 March
1531:: 1–12.
1132:See also
1114:Alderton
931:P. typus
720:A large
647:Species
614:Dinosaur
574:and the
532:Toarcian
401:Location
253:Location
237:Mudstone
206:Overlies
156:Members:
34:Toarcian
1592:Bibcode
1439:Bibcode
1404:Bibcode
1309:Bibcode
1108:Insects
1097:cuvieri
1034:Whitby
935:Whitby
856:Whitby
780:Whitby
712:Whitby
662:Images
603:nodules
560:England
544:Bifrons
362:England
350:Country
308:42°30′N
269:54°30′N
233:Primary
143:Unit of
42:Bifrons
1639:
1623:Dodson
1555:
1488:
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967:Upper
659:Notes
644:Genus
395:Whitby
378:&
374:&
368:Extent
359:
336:Region
311:9°18′E
272:0°36′W
196:Dogger
1578:(PDF)
1360:(PDF)
1159:Notes
829:Zone
789:Zone
752:Zone
727:fish
684:Zone
618:genus
530:is a
243:Other
1650:2019
1637:ISBN
1611:2020
1553:ISSN
1529:2018
1486:ISBN
1455:ISSN
1353:and
1268:2016
1220:.org
1116:and
667:cf.
598:and
590:and
570:and
554:and
526:The
133:Type
57:PreꞒ
1600:doi
1543:hdl
1533:doi
1478:doi
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1412:doi
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1374:doi
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