349:, USA was brought into temporary use in 1917 in the unit number four position. The third Dick, Kerr alternator was transferred from Ultimo to White Bay as unit no. 3 in 1918, giving the station an initial capacity of 28.5 MW. Steam was supplied by 8 Babcock & Wilcox, WIF long drum, chain grate, boilers. They each produced 30,000 lb/hour at a pressure of 205 psi and a temperature of 588 °F (309 °C). Unit no. 1 was decommissioned in 1944, but its alternator was reconfigured for use as a synchronous condenser, for correction of power factor in the 25 cycle per second grid. The other 2 sets were scrapped by 1948.
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pressure boilers. Each boiler produced 225,000 lb/hour at 650PSI and 840 °F (449 °C). The No.5 turbo-alternator, an
English Electric 18.75 MW 25 Hz, continued to operate for some time afterwards, using steam diverted from the new high pressure boilers. Owing to delays in boiler installation, the second 50 MW Parsons unit, which was in place from 1955, was not fully operational until 1958. By that time, the power station was unrecognizable from its original appearance. The capacity of the third stage of development was 100 MW, bringing the total to 186 MW, although this maximum was rarely attained. As the
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of the 20th century. The extant items within the surviving operational systems are of an impressive scale and exhibit a high degree of creative and technical achievement in their design and configuration. They encompass all aspects of the generation of electrical power, and represent all phases from the inter-war period through to the more sophisticated technologies of the mid 20th century. They are of exceptional technical significance with research potential to yield information not available from any other source.
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White Bay Power
Station contains a complete and in situ assemblage of machinery, spaces and elements comprising all the systems and processes for the generation of coal-fired electricity from the early to mid 20th century. This is the only surviving assemblage in NSW and it has the potential to yield
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Its design and construction while typical for its time is now a rare surviving example of such industrial buildings and machinery complexes. It also demonstrates technological achievements of its time in the erection of the 1927 reinforced concrete structures and the 1958 boiler house, with its large
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was brought into use (no.9), giving the second stage (B Station) a capacity of 86 MW, and the station a total of 144.5 MW. The BTH units experienced a number of turbine blade and ring failures from the late 1940s. Following the completion of the third stage (q.v.) in 1958, units 6 to 9 saw occasional
590:
White Bay Power
Station has a rare ability to demonstrate once common and standard work practices of the early to middle 20th century which are now almost entirely discontinued through changes in technology and occupational health and safety. It is a rare surviving element in an area of Sydney which
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As a result of its remarkably intact survival, it retains the unique ability to demonstrate, by its location, massing, design, machinery and associated archives, the influence and dominance that early power-generating technology exerted on the lives and urban fabric of inner cities in the first half
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In 1926, the first 50 cycle equipment was brought into use. This comprised three
Australian General Electric turbines with British Thomson-Houston alternators which ran at 1,500 rpm, with a continuous rating of 22 MW, they were numbered 6, 7 and 8. Steam was supplied by 9 Babcox and Wilcox CTM chain
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White Bay Power
Station is important as part of the States development of electrical power for industry and the growth of local and capital development across the State in the first 70 years of the 20th century. It is the only power station in NSW to retain in situ a full set of both structures and
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For former employees at White Bay Power
Station, this place provides a link to their past working lives and evokes memories of people and events that remain important to them today. It represents the post-war period of power station operation, and through the retention of technologies, systems and
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Turbo-alternator no.2 were retired in 1946 along with the first 4 boilers. The no. 4 machine was removed in 1951 and no. 5 removed in 1955. In 1952 the rest of the 'A' boilers were removed to make room for 'C' station. All 25 Hz equipment had been removed by 1958, coinciding with the gradual
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Retaining as it does a complete system of steam turbine generation of electricity from burning of fossil fuel, the White Bay Power
Station is highly representative of this generation of power station. Other modern power stations use similar technology, albeit more modern and efficient. White Bay
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was commissioned in 1951 (no. 1), followed by a second identical unit in 1955 (no. 2). These two sets were erected on the 'A' station site and all 25 Hz equipment had been removed during this third stage of development in 1948. Steam was supplied from 4 Babcock + Wilcox pulverized coal high
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White Bay Power
Station has strong and special associations and meanings for the local community, for former power station workers and for others who have used the site, and is of high social significance. It is a potent symbol of the area's industrial origins and working traditions, aspects of
540:
White Bay Power
Station has strong and special associations and meanings for the local community, for former power station workers and for others who have used the site, and is of high social significance. It is a potent symbol of the area's industrial origins and working traditions, aspects of
532:
Aesthetically, White Bay Power
Station contains internal and external spaces of exceptional significance. These spaces include raw industrial spaces of a scale, quality and configuration which is becoming increasingly rare and which inspire visitors and users alike. Externally, it is a widely
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Units 6 to 9 were decommissioned in 1975 and removed, thereafter only the 50 MW Parsons units remained. Thenceforth, the remaining units saw intermittent use; their last intensive use was during power shortages in 1982. The entire power station was closed permanently on 25 December 1983. Like
601:
White Bay Power Station retains a broad range of spaces and elements including machinery, which are exceptional for their raw industrial aesthetic qualities. As an assemblage of structures the White Bay Power Station retains exceptional aesthetic value as an icon of early to mid 20th century
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Australia having a continuous rating of 18.75 MW was brought into use as the new unit no. 4, followed by a second identical unit (no. 5) in 1925. Another 8 Babcock &Wilcox, balanced draught, cross tube marine type boilers were built. They each produced 70,000 lb/hour at 215 psi and
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power station and is the only one to retain a representative set of machinery and items associated with the generation of electricity in the early and mid twentieth century. It retains within its fabric, and in the body of associated pictorial, written archives and reports and oral history
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with a continuous rating of 8.7 MW and a two-hour rating of 10.5 MW. The first alternator was tested in 1913, before the buildings that housed it were completed. The second set was installed in 1917. Delivery of the third Dick, Kerr alternator was delayed, and it was initially installed at
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represents that type of early electricity generating technology which required the building of power stations close to the customer. As a complex of structures, buildings and machinery, it demonstrates the full configuration and processes of an early to mid 20th century city power station.
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industry, an important component of a rare group of harbour side industrial structures and a prominent marker in the cityscape signifying the entry point from the west. In particular the two chimney stacks are visible from many parts of the inner west and are a constant point of reference.
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It is the only coal based industrial structure, dependent on a waterside location, to survive adjacent to the harbour in the Sydney region. It also forms part of a closely related group of large-scale industrial structures and spaces (White Bay Container Terminal,
252:, was fully operational from 1917 with two further phases of development occurring between the years 1923–1928 and 1945–1948 which further increased the stations electricity output. It remained under the control of the department until 1953 when the newly created
624:
White Bay Power Station is a widely recognised landmark, the most important surviving industrial signature building locally and the marker of the entry to the Balmain peninsula and its industrial harbour. It retains a powerful physical presence and industrial
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region and particularly in Balmain, White Bay Power Station contributes considerably to our understanding and appreciation of these areas and foreshores as formerly places of heavy industry and intense port
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600 °F (316 °C) were installed in the 'A' boiler house. This was the end of the first stage of construction, with five 25 Hz turbo-alternators in final configuration, for 58.5 MW.
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management plan for the White Bay area and this was endorsed by the NSW Heritage Council in 2004. The future of the site, the now derelict buildings and the remaining contents remains uncertain.
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One of each piece of power plant machinery remains on the site to demonstrate the process of generating power from coal should public tours or redevelopment ever take place in the future.
409:, which was also fitted with 50 MW turbo-alternators in the 1950s, some of the generating equipment at White Bay saw little more than twenty years of regular use before decommissioning.
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The temporary General Electric unit was removed in the early 1920s to accommodate the expansion of the station as originally planned. In 1924, a 1,500 rpm 25 c/s turbo-alternator from
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SHFA is undertaking conservation works including roof repairs to the buildings to make them weatherproof and reduce further degradation to the remaining internal plant and equipment.
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Peninsula and its industrial waterfront. It retains a powerful physical presence and industrial aesthetic and is the most important surviving industrial building in the area .
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community identity that are strongly valued today by both older and new residents. It is one of the few surviving features in the area that provide this symbolic connection.
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recordings, evidence for the development of technology and work practices for the generation of electrical power from coal and water. This development of power generation at
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Day in 1983. During the 1990s, the site was decontaminated, asbestos was removed and the majority of the remaining machinery taken away. In 2000, the plant was sold to the
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grate boilers. Each boiler produced 80,000 lbs/hour at a pressure of 275 psi and a temperature of 640 °F (338 °C). In 1928, a single 20 MW unit supplied by
1921:
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As the only intact Power Station of its type left in NSW, with one complete powergenerating system retained in situ for conservation, its rarity is firmly established.
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and Roberts Street. The station was inactive for a number of years. However the plant reopened for the 2024 Sydney Biennale art exhibition. It was added to the
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community identity that are strongly valued today by both older and new residents. It is one of few surviving features that provide this symbolic connection.
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The place has a strong or special association with a person, or group of persons, of importance of cultural or natural history of New South Wales's history.
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As an early power station for the early 20th century tram and rail network, it was a vital component in the expansion and daily life of suburban Sydney.
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The place has strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.
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The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.
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The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.
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The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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upon arrival from England in 1914. Owing to the delay of the third Dick, Kerr alternator, a single Curtis 7.5 MW turbo-alternator from
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The site was a popular venue for photographers and film and television productions. Productions at the power station include
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machinery it has the ability to evoke this period and demonstrate the production methods and working conditions of the time.
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The broader White Bay Power Station area is one of the Bays Precinct's "destinations" used by UrbanGrowth NSW planners.
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The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.
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The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.
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On the 9th of March 2024 the power station opened its doors to the public for the 2024 Biennale of Sydney.
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had expressed interest in working with the government to redevelop the site, but pulled out in April 2017.
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began the first phase of work on The White Bay Power Station in 1912. The plant, constructed in the
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recognised and highly visible landmark, marking the head of White Bay and the southern entry to the
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White Bay was the longest serving of Sydney's metropolitan power stations and ceased production on
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published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under
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Occasional licensed guided tours of the plant have been arranged by organisations such as the
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To satisfy the power requirements for the expansion of the Sydney tram and rail network, the
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Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under
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Google backs out of plan to turn Sydney's White Bay Power Station into next Silicon Valley
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As a now rare and intact surviving early 20th century industrial complex in the inner
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White Bay Power Station boasted an interesting mixture of equipment, including 25
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The history of White Bay Power Station told through the eyes of former employees.
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It is of exceptional structural significance to the State of New South Wales.
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The earliest plant comprised three 750 rpm 25 Hz turbo-alternators from
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contributed to the expansion of the economy of Sydney and New South Wales.
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was once almost entirely dependent on such industries for its livelihood.
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remains in the boiler house. It was used in 2012 as a filming site for
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The remains of the plant can be clearly seen at the western end of the
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Southern Tablelands County Council (Southern Tablelands Electricity)
966:"Leichhardt: On the margins of the city", Allen & Unwin, 1997,
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built new power stations, White Bay became a peak load supplier.
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Southern Riverina County Council (Southern Riverina Electricity)
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Southern Mitchell County Council (Southern Mitchell Electricity)
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Northern Riverina County Council (Northern Riverina Electricity)
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and 50 Hz alternators, mostly from British manufacturers.
960:
State Records NSW, Electricity Commission of New South Wales,
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Northern Rivers County Council (Northern Rivers Electricity)
988:
The power has flickered, but the spark of the future is lit
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on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.
859:"Wanted: powerful vision for derelict White Bay station"
557:, define a major entry point to the city from the west.
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The site forms part of the New South Wales Government's
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and a number of Australian television series, including
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White Bay Power Station administration entrance in 2013
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on a 38,000 m (410,000 sq ft) site in
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New England County Council (New England Electricity)
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This Knowledge (XXG) article contains material from
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emergency use and were decommissioned in June 1975.
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1836:Peel-Cunningham County Council (PCCC Electricity)
647:information not found anywhere else in the State.
1912:Decommissioned power stations in New South Wales
1844:Shortland County Council (Shortland Electricity)
606:area of steel framed and glazed curtain walling.
429:White Bay Power Station under renovation in 2023
388:Third stage – new units 1 and 2 – 50 Hz – 100 MW
220:The station is often wrongly referred to as the
977:New South Wales Government Heritage Register;
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260:when NSW electricity was deregulated in 1995.
1787:EnergyAustralia (state government enterprise)
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1902:Coal-fired power stations in New South Wales
990:; Sydney Morning Herald; 26 November 2003;
16:Power station in New South Wales, Australia
1860:Sydney County Council (Sydney Electricity)
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250:Federation Anglo-Dutch architectural style
20:
1907:Former buildings and structures in Sydney
1883:List of power stations in New South Wales
1782:Electricity Commission of New South Wales
399:Electricity Commission of New South Wales
1828:Oxley County Council (Oxley Electricity)
1822:Ophir County Council (Ophir Electricity)
1804:Macquarie County Council (Western Power)
809:Department of Planning & Environment
392:A 50 MW, 50 cycle turbo-alternator from
308:Units 1 to 3 and temporary no. 4 – 25 Hz
1922:New South Wales State Heritage Register
930:New South Wales State Heritage Register
804:New South Wales State Heritage Register
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568:New South Wales State Heritage Register
215:New South Wales State Heritage Register
150:Related media on Commons
1864:Ulan County Council (Ulan Electricity)
7:
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240:White Bay Power Station, circa 1930s
1020:Local Images at InnerWest ImageBank
246:New South Wales Government Railways
228:, which has since been demolished.
103:Decommissioned (open to the public)
1015:Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority
949:Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority
269:Sydney Harbour Foreshore Authority
14:
1868:White Cliffs Solar Power Station
919:
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224:, a plant originally located in
126:Thermal power station
29:
1554:Shoalhaven Landfill Gas Project
1672:Transmission network operators
1646:Distribution network operators
549:Silos, Container Terminal and
256:took over. Ownership moved to
1:
1778:Brisbane Water County Council
254:Electricity Commission of NSW
190:, 3 km (2 mi) from
35:White Bay Power Station, 2009
1288:Williams River Dam (private)
1137:University of Western Sydney
1126:BlueScope Steel, Port Kembla
939:, accessed on 2 June 2018.
928:, entry number 01015 in the
374:Units 6 to 9 – 50 Hz – 86 MW
174:is a heritage listed former
1688:Retail companies and brands
580:machinery from this period.
1938:
1775:Bega Valley County Council
1558:Smithfield Energy Facility
1025:Sydney Architecture Images
57:White Bay, New South Wales
1880:
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1090:Broadwater Biomass Co-Gen
981:; Accessed October 2006;
863:The Sydney Morning Herald
844:"White Bay Power Station"
799:"White Bay Power Station"
744:"White Bay Power Station"
271:(SHFA) for around A$ 4m.
155:
40:
28:
1917:Rozelle, New South Wales
1856:St George County Council
1800:Mackellar County Council
1206:Jindabyne Dam Mini Hydro
516:was the longest serving
274:The SHFA has produced a
1003:White Bay power station
979:White Bay Power Station
926:White Bay Power Station
748:White Bay Power Station
564:White Bay Power Station
553:) which along with the
514:White Bay Power Station
171:White Bay Power Station
24:White Bay Power Station
1140:Visy Paper, Smithfield
1096:Condong Biomass Co-Gen
716:Electricity generation
430:
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322:Willans & Robinson
317:
297:
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118:Decommission date
84:33.86667°S 151.17667°E
1795:Illawarra Electricity
1791:Great Southern Energy
1562:Sydney Water, Malabar
1087:Broadwater Sugar Mill
1011:by Mark Dunn (2008).
466:Historic Houses Trust
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353:Units 4 and 5 – 25 Hz
347:Schenectady, New York
315:
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239:
222:Balmain Power Station
1840:Prospect Electricity
1616:Macquarie Generation
1594:Generation companies
1129:Macquarie University
1008:Dictionary of Sydney
498:urban renewal area.
339:Ultimo Power Station
316:Former control room.
109:Commission date
89:-33.86667; 151.17667
1209:Jounama Small Hydro
453:The Matrix Reloaded
436:The Matrix Reloaded
368:Sydney tram network
209:on the junction of
186:, in the suburb of
141:External links
80: /
1530:Earthpower Camelia
1099:Harwood Sugar Mill
1093:Condong Sugar Mill
721:Energy development
566:was listed on the
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1772:Australian Inland
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1601:Delta Electricity
1133:Stadium Australia
1107:Visy Paper, Tumut
217:on 2 April 1999.
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131:Primary fuel
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1663:Essential Energy
1658:Endeavour Energy
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1550:Lucas Heights II
1328:Darlington Point
1301:Solar generation
1123:Amcor, Bomaderry
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470:Australia ICOMOS
458:The Great Gatsby
359:English Electric
343:General Electric
334:Preston, England
159:edit on Wikidata
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1825:Orion Energy
1758:
1705:Click Energy
1639:Distribution
1436:Gullen Range
1343:Jemalong CSP
1116:Cogeneration
1006:
987:
986:O'Brien, G;
978:
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813:. Retrieved
802:
752:. Retrieved
747:
662:
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611:
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574:
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559:
551:Anzac Bridge
547:Glebe Island
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276:conservation
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207:Anzac Bridge
204:
169:
167:
18:
1626:Snowy Hydro
1535:Jacks Gully
1509:Natural gas
1499:Vales Point
1494:Mount Piper
1323:Coleambally
1318:Broken Hill
915:Attribution
711:Electricity
413:Recent uses
87: /
75:151°10′36″E
63:Coordinates
1896:Categories
1819:NorthPower
1759:Historical
1740:Red Energy
1700:AGL Energy
1620:AGL Energy
1582:Uranquinty
1577:Tower Mine
1569:Tallawarra
1517:Appin Mine
1476:Coal fired
1461:White Rock
1431:Glen Innes
1383:Wind farms
1284:Warragamba
1248:Oaky River
1182:Chichester
1177:Burrinjuck
1172:Burrendong
1081:combustion
1070:Generation
1060:Energy in
727:References
625:aesthetic.
448:Water Rats
442:Red Planet
330:Dick, Kerr
72:33°52′00″S
1730:Powershop
1679:TransGrid
1484:Bayswater
1416:Crookwell
1406:Bodangora
1401:Boco Rock
1373:Sunraysia
1358:Nevertire
1353:Limondale
1258:Snowy 2.0
1162:Blowering
934:CC-BY 4.0
828:CC-BY 4.0
640:activity.
523:White Bay
285:Equipment
265:Christmas
226:Iron Cove
200:Australia
184:White Bay
48:Australia
1695:ActewAGL
1525:Colongra
1466:Woodlawn
1451:Sapphire
1348:Jemalong
1338:Griffith
1292:Wyangala
1263:The Drop
1243:Nymboida
1238:Murray 2
1233:Murray 1
1192:Glenbawn
1157:Bendeela
880:ABC News
811:. H01015
675:See also
53:Location
1653:Ausgrid
1573:Teralba
1565:Tahmoor
1540:Liddell
1521:Belrose
1489:Eraring
1456:Taralga
1446:Hampton
1441:Gunning
1411:Capital
1396:Blayney
1278:Tumut 3
1273:Tumut 2
1268:Tumut 1
1253:Pindari
1228:Lostock
1197:Guthega
1187:Copeton
1103:Redbank
1079:Biomass
1005:at the
937:licence
846:. SHFA.
831:licence
754:6 March
535:Balmain
407:Pyrmont
394:Parsons
381:Parsons
232:History
188:Rozelle
178:-fired
146:Commons
45:Country
1610:Origin
1368:Parkes
1363:Nyngan
1333:Finley
1218:Keepit
970:
815:2 June
750:. 2024
518:Sydney
500:Google
192:Sydney
100:Status
1586:Wilga
1391:Bango
1313:Bomen
1308:Beryl
943:Notes
326:Rugby
302:Hertz
293:From
157:[
1202:Hume
968:ISBN
817:2018
756:2024
468:and
328:and
176:coal
168:The
135:Coal
121:1983
113:1917
345:of
332:of
324:of
194:in
1898::
888:^
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1612:)
1053:e
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1039:v
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161:]
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