154:
141:
1446:
1570:
1565:
1699:
1675:
1709:
1692:
1704:
1687:
1680:
1668:
1580:
257:
1383:
1477:
22:
1436:
1320:
section of
Gekanshū (a poetry volume), established rules for about 60 words containing を/お, え/へ/ゑ, and い/ひ/ゐ, based on a number of writings from the mid-11th to 12th century. However, the books that Teika had referenced already contained a number of confusions, with ひ becoming ゐ, such as 遂 (formerly
1274:
began to be pronounced as in word-medial position; by the beginning of the 11th century, this phenomenon, called the "Ha-line shift", had become more widespread. In word-medial or word-final position, ひ would be pronounced , therefore becoming the same as ゐ. Because of this, the use of ひ and ゐ
1309:, the confusion between ゐ and い had become even more widespread, and by the 13th century, ゐ and い were unified. By changing from to , ゐ had merged into い. Also, kanji that were represented by クヰ and グヰ had become pronounced and respectively, merging them with キ and ギ.
1458:
1541:
1267:), with ゐ where い should be. In this way, examples of confusion between ゐ and い were emerging, little by little; however, during the Heian period these confusions were few and far between.
798:
1160:, there were characters to represent ヰ (e.g. 井, 位, 爲, 猪, 謂, 藍) and イ (e.g. 已, 五, 以, 伊, 怡, 射, 移, 異); no characters for one could be used to pronounce the other. The labial glides ク
2618:
2589:
709:
1312:
Due to the Ha-line shift as well as the merging of a number of morae, soon there were many kana pronounced the same way, and kana orthography was in chaos.
2469:
2079:
2474:
2426:
1410:
was generally as widely accepted as Teika's syllabary, in practice there were a number of kana pronunciations that did not conform to it.
1370:
2421:
1349:); and various other spellings differing from their original pronunciation. Teika's syllabary particularly drew from poetry such as
1297:
Furthermore, in Heian period literature, special kanji readings such as “クヰヤウ” and “ヰヤウ” were used, but were not well established.
1698:
1674:
702:
105:
1708:
1691:
1514:
153:
140:
1703:
1686:
1679:
1667:
1361:, but a number of examples of confusion between い, ゐ, and word-medial/final ひ were also frequently pulled from other sources.
43:
695:
2240:
1886:
86:
58:
1587:
1485:
1466:
215:
39:
1406:(Kana Character Syllabary, completed in 1363), drastically augmenting the lexicon by over 1000 words. Though the
1168:
also existed (though in those days small script kana were not used for glides), and were distinct from キ and ギ .
32:
1597:
1092:
1445:
1435:
1421:), ゐ and い were written with either “i”, “j”, or “y”, but the pronunciation was understood to be in any case.
165:
65:
2399:
1607:
1476:
1457:
1080:
947:
2516:
2490:
1317:
1180:, ゐ and い were still recognized as separately pronounced characters. In the mid-to-late 11th century, the
2643:
1271:
1216:), there were no sounds for “yi”, “ye”, “wu”, or “wo”. Although the distinction had been lost between オ (
1136:
1117:
1107:
1088:
1084:
1054:
1046:
894:
1544: ▄ ▄▄▄ ▄ ▄ ▄▄▄
769:), which is normally pronounced in current-day Japanese. The combination of a W-column kana letter with
72:
1387:
1058:
868:
1569:
1399:
1564:
54:
2012:
1213:
2560:
2512:
2498:
2461:
2413:
2395:
1718:
1592:
766:
678:
2612:
2583:
2530:
1313:
791:
1579:
256:
1629:
1611:
1418:
820:
248:
1157:
205:
1306:
1283:
816:
2556:
1601:
1278:
At the end of the 12th century, the literary work “Shinkyō Shiki Chū” (which contained
988:
968:
783:
was introduced to represent in the 19th century and 20th century. It is presumed that
643:
617:
1382:
2637:
1350:
1132:
79:
2575:
1177:
1050:
1013:
878:
658:
2604:
2272:
1369:
1153:
683:
673:
668:
663:
653:
648:
21:
2561:"Map (external version) from Mac OS Japanese encoding to Unicode 2.1 and later"
2318:
2295:
1519:
1248:
612:
432:
379:
374:
2534:
2494:
1925:
1470:
832:
815:
represented distinct pronunciations before merging to sometime between the
638:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
468:
461:
455:
442:
437:
427:
422:
417:
412:
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384:
369:
364:
359:
350:
343:
324:
319:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
2445:
1414:
1209:
273:
2375:
2370:
2340:
1979:
1279:
746:
732:
572:
559:
507:
447:
389:
329:
147:
134:
2165:
1793:
1251:(originally written in 935, transcribed in 1236), the phrase “海賊報いせむ” (
622:
607:
234:
2576:"Shift_JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 1) vs Unicode mapping table"
1286:) attests examples of ゐ and い losing their distinction, such as “率て” (
1212:
ordering (developed around 1075 by the scholar
Hirotomo, based on the
196:
182:
2542:
2215:
2008:
1952:
1855:
1374:
913:
871:
in
Japanese with the orthographic reforms of 1946, to be replaced by
602:
2605:"EUC-JIS-2004 (JIS X 0213:2004 Appendix 3) vs Unicode mapping table"
2190:
1824:
1444:
1434:
1381:
1368:
1357:
1181:
2447:
GB 18030-2005: Information
Technology—Chinese coded character set
2075:
2071:
2043:
2039:
760:
270:
224:
2465:
2417:
15:
1556:
1510:
2444:
1475:
1456:
1053:
lack a convenient way to do this. It is far more common for
765:(Japanese phonetic characters, each of which represents one
1337:); い becoming either ひ or ゐ, such as 老い (historically “おい”
906:
still sees some modern-day usage as a stylistic variant of
1473:, with an additional short horizontal line at the start.
1417:
documents from the 16th century (the later part of the
1121:
1096:
1069:
1034:
1023:
901:
882:
877:
in all contexts. It is now rare in everyday usage; in
862:
856:
844:
830:
824:
778:
758:
744:
730:
723:
623:
dakuten/handakuten (voiced & semi-voiced marks)
247:
233:
214:
204:
190:
176:
164:
123:
46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1469:. It resembles the second stroke of the Hiragana
1232:), there was still a distinction between ア/ワ (
972:
958:
932:
917:
1526:
1126:
1111:
1101:
1074:
1061:
1040:
1028:
1017:
1005:
995:
979:
952:
939:
924:
907:
888:
872:
850:
838:
810:
804:
784:
771:
752:
738:
253:
239:
220:
194:
180:
703:
8:
1378:card, 19th century, bearing the ゐ character.
2617:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2588:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
1156:, ヰ was pronounced as and イ as . In the
2107:
1723:
1624:
992:have "ゐ" in their names: Tewi Inaba (因幡 てゐ
710:
696:
266:
2439:
2437:
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1247:In Ki no Tsurayuki's literary work, the
1196:) were differentiated from ゐ, ゑ, and を (
986:, 2 characters in the video game series
118:Character of the Japanese writing system
2387:
630:
594:
269:
2610:
2581:
1049:sound in foreign words; however, most
1012:), and the first opening theme to the
120:
1184:song was developed, and い, え, and お (
790:
7:
2475:International Components for Unicode
2427:International Components for Unicode
44:adding citations to reliable sources
1506:Other communicative representations
2517:"BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)"
1390:; his name is spelled using the ゐ
14:
1484:The Katakana ヰ is made with four
1402:, the scholar Gyōa published the
1707:
1702:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1678:
1673:
1666:
1578:
1568:
1563:
1515:Japanese radiotelephony alphabet
1465:The Hiragana ゐ is made with one
255:
152:
139:
20:
1365:Muromachi Period (1333–1573 AD)
31:needs additional citations for
1318:“Unpleasant Characters” (嫌文字事)
1301:Kamakura Period (1185–1333 AD)
1002:) and Tenshi Hinanawi (比那名居 天子
1:
2131:HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER WI
1341:) being represented as “おゐ” (
1333:) being represented as “よゐ” (
1325:) being represented as “つゐ” (
1282:, from the last years of the
1083:, New Okinawan, for the mora
967:. The name of the comedy duo
2603:Project X0213 (2009-05-03).
2574:Project X0213 (2009-05-03).
1079:is still used in one of the
1033:is sometimes written with a
2241:Numeric character reference
1887:Numeric character reference
1621:Full Braille representation
1122:
1097:
1070:
1035:
1024:
973:
959:
933:
931:, but is sometimes written
918:
902:
883:
863:
857:
845:
831:
825:
779:
759:
745:
731:
724:
2660:
1172:Heian Period (794–1184 AD)
893:(U-) is used for the mora
757:) is an obsolete Japanese
613:chōonpu (vowel lengthener)
2136:
2133:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:
1759:KATAKANA LETTER SMALL WI
1758:
1756:HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL WI
1755:
1752:
1749:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1729:
1627:
1606:
1598:Japanese manual syllabary
1596:
1591:
1588:Japanese Navy Signal Flag
1586:
1577:
1575:
1561:
1559:
1536:
1527:
1525:
1518:
1513:
1480:Stroke order in writing ヰ
1461:Stroke order in writing あ
1449:Stroke order in writing ヰ
1439:Stroke order in writing ゐ
1127:
1112:
1102:
1075:
1062:
1057:to be represented by the
1041:
1029:
1022:(Kuusou Mesorogiwi). The
1018:
980:
953:
940:
925:
908:
889:
873:
851:
839:
811:
805:
785:
772:
753:
739:
254:
221:
195:
181:
128:
2491:"cp949 to Unicode table"
1394:(smaller text at right).
1148:Nara period (710–794 AD)
823:periods. Along with the
595:Kana modifiers and marks
1329:) and 宵 (formerly “よひ”
1270:Since the Nara period,
1255:) is written as “かいぞくむく
1016:anime series is titled
946:stylistically, such as
881:and foreign words, the
2489:Steele, Shawn (2000).
2400:"Shift-JIS to Unicode"
2109:Character information
1725:Character information
1481:
1462:
1450:
1440:
1395:
1379:
1290:) being written “イテ” (
1275:also became confused.
1081:Okinawan orthographies
1006:
996:
240:
2563:. Unicode Consortium.
1479:
1460:
1448:
1438:
1385:
1372:
608:yōon (palatalization)
603:sokuonfu (gemination)
2137:CIRCLED KATAKANA WI
1316:(1162–1241), in the
1087:and in digraphs for
40:improve this article
2134:KATAKANA LETTER VI
2110:
1753:KATAKANA LETTER WI
1750:HIRAGANA LETTER WI
1726:
1430:
2531:van Kesteren, Anne
2513:Unicode Consortium
2499:Unicode Consortium
2462:Unicode Consortium
2414:Unicode Consortium
2396:Unicode Consortium
2108:
1724:
1719:Computer encodings
1593:Japanese semaphore
1498:A horizontal line.
1492:A horizontal line.
1482:
1463:
1451:
1441:
1429:
1400:Nanboku-chō period
1396:
1380:
1253:kaizoku mukui semu
1224:) as well as 𛀀 (
912:. The spelling of
2539:Encoding Standard
2362:
2361:
2106:
2105:
1715:
1714:
1617:
1616:
1555:
1554:
1455:
1454:
1314:Fujiwara no Teika
1093:Ryukyu University
1045:, to represent a
720:
719:
631:Multi-moraic kana
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589:
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264:
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108:
90:
2651:
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1630:Japanese Braille
1625:
1612:Japanese Braille
1582:
1572:
1567:
1557:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1530:
1529:
1511:
1501:A vertical line.
1495:A vertical line.
1431:
1428:
1419:Muromachi period
1273:
1167:
1163:
1138:
1131:is also used in
1130:
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1125:
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48:
24:
16:
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2559:(2005-04-05) .
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2515:(2015-12-02) .
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2398:(2015-12-02) .
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1608:Braille dots-23
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1427:
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1307:Kamakura period
1303:
1174:
1165:
1161:
1150:
1145:
1007:Hinanawi Tenshi
1003:
993:
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937:
922:
869:deemed obsolete
797:
796:
795:
716:
618:Iteration marks
469:
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351:
223:
191:katakana origin
177:hiragana origin
166:transliteration
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92:
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37:
25:
12:
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1602:fingerspelling
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1302:
1299:
1214:Siddhaṃ script
1173:
1170:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
989:Touhou Project
960:nikka uwisukii
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117:
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96:September 2020
55:"Wi" kana
28:
26:
19:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2656:
2645:
2644:Specific kana
2642:
2641:
2639:
2629:
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2606:
2599:
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2463:
2457:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2429:
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2423:
2422:"EUC-JP-2007"
2419:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2401:
2397:
2391:
2388:
2381:
2377:
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2350:
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2256:
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2249:🋂
2248:
2245:🋂
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2159:
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2128:Unicode name
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2100:
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2057:
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2048:
2045:
2044:non-ETEN kana
2041:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2010:
2007:
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2000:147 54 134 50
1999:
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1995:
1992:
1989:
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1965:
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1947:
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1938:
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1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1923:
1919:𛅤
1918:
1915:𛅤
1914:
1911:𛅐
1910:
1907:𛅐
1906:
1902:
1898:
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1747:Unicode name
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1413:In Christian
1411:
1409:
1408:Kanamojizukai
1405:
1404:Kanamojizukai
1401:
1393:
1389:
1388:William Adams
1384:
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1285:
1281:
1276:
1268:
1266:
1264:
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1254:
1250:
1245:
1243:
1240:), and 𛀀/ヱ (
1239:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
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1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
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1099:
1094:
1082:
1072:
1067:
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1008:
998:
991:
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975:
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961:
949:
935:
920:
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904:
900:However, the
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216:spelling kana
213:
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
2598:
2569:
2551:
2538:
2525:
2507:
2484:
2473:
2456:
2446:
2425:
2408:
2390:
2265:㋼
2261:㋼
2257:ヸ
2253:ヸ
2003:93 36 86 32
1903:ヰ
1899:ヰ
1895:ゐ
1891:ゐ
1850:F0 9B 85 A4
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1562:
1533:Wido no "Wi"
1532:
1483:
1464:
1425:Stroke order
1412:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1391:
1373:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1322:
1311:
1304:
1296:
1291:
1287:
1284:Insei period
1277:
1269:
1262:
1261:kaizoku muku
1260:
1256:
1252:
1246:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1229:
1225:
1221:
1217:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1178:Heian period
1175:
1151:
1106:is used for
1095:system, the
1068:
1014:Future Diary
987:
948:Nikka Whisky
899:
879:onomatopoeia
792:[wi]
789:represented
770:
722:
721:
466:
454:
396:
348:
337:
336:
170:
146:
133:
102:
93:
83:
76:
69:
62:
50:
38:Please help
33:verification
30:
2354:81 39 A7 36
2348:93 36 84 32
2294:Shift JIS (
2273:KanjiTalk 7
2271:Shift JIS (
2220:55356 57026
2207:227 139 188
2201:227 131 184
2198:F0 9F 8B 82
1878:55340 56676
1872:55340 56656
1844:F0 9B 85 90
1835:227 131 176
1829:227 130 144
1345:) or “おひ” (
1208:). In the
1176:During the
1154:Nara period
1152:During the
971:is written
916:is usually
803:, and that
679:mairasesoro
210:位 為 謂 井 猪 藍
2382:References
2319:JIS X 0213
2296:JIS X 0213
1881:D82C DD64
1742:𛅤
1520:Wabun code
1249:Tosa Nikki
1158:Man'yōgana
997:Inaba Tewi
206:Man'yōgana
66:newspapers
2495:Microsoft
2470:"IBM-970"
2223:D83C DEC2
2210:E3 8B BC
2142:Encodings
2123:㋼
2117:
1926:Shift JIS
1875:D82C DD50
1764:Encodings
1739:𛅐
1628:ゐ / ヰ in
1386:Grave of
1228:) and エ (
1220:) and ヲ (
1091:. In the
1089:/kwi,ɡwi/
1019:"空想メソロギヰ"
227:no "(w)i"
2638:Category
2613:cite web
2584:cite web
2376:I (kana)
2371:U (kana)
2365:See also
2341:GB 18030
2317:EUC-JP (
2204:E3 83 B8
2120:ヸ
1980:GB 18030
1838:E3 83 B0
1832:E3 82 90
1819:U+1B164
1736:ヰ
1733:ゐ
1650:ゐい / ヰー
1280:katakana
1236:), イ/ヰ (
1123:katakana
1110:, while
1098:katakana
1071:Hiragana
1025:katakana
954:ニッカウヰスキー
934:uwisukii
884:katakana
861:), this
858:katakana
846:hiragana
817:Kamakura
780:hiragana
747:katakana
733:hiragana
148:katakana
135:hiragana
2328:167 243
2305:132 147
2282:136 107
2185:U+32FC
2173:U+1F2C2
2166:Unicode
2145:decimal
2114:Preview
2091:199 236
2085:199 119
2055:199 170
2049:198 244
2023:171 240
2017:170 240
1990:165 240
1984:164 240
1963:165 240
1957:164 240
1936:131 144
1930:130 238
1813:U+1B150
1794:Unicode
1767:decimal
1730:Preview
1486:strokes
1398:In the
1305:By the
1143:History
1059:digraph
1036:dakuten
941:"ウヰスキー"
926:"ウイスキー"
919:uisukii
644:kashiko
249:braille
235:unicode
80:scholar
2543:WHATWG
2535:"big5"
2216:UTF-16
2179:U+30F8
2170:127682
2009:EUC-KR
1953:EUC-JP
1856:UTF-16
1816:110948
1810:110928
1807:U+30F0
1801:U+3090
1636:ゐ / ヰ
1467:stroke
1415:rōmaji
1375:Karuta
1210:Gojūon
1204:, and
1192:, and
1120:. The
974:yowiko
914:whisky
821:Taishō
274:gojūon
225:(w)ido
82:
75:
68:
61:
53:
2331:A7 F3
2308:84 93
2285:88 6B
2235:32FC
2232:13052
2226:12536
2191:UTF-8
2182:13052
2176:12536
2094:C7 EC
2088:C7 77
2080:HKSCS
2058:C7 AA
2052:C6 F4
2026:AB F0
2020:AA F0
1993:A5 F0
1987:A4 F0
1966:A5 F0
1960:A4 F0
1939:83 90
1933:82 EE
1866:12528
1860:12432
1825:UTF-8
1804:12528
1798:12432
1358:renga
1327:tsuwi
1323:tsuhi
1321:“つひ”
1259:せむ” (
1182:Iroha
1164:and グ
981:"よゐこ"
969:Yoiko
909:'い/イ'
887:form
874:'い/イ'
659:shite
171:i, wi
87:JSTOR
73:books
2619:link
2590:link
2229:30F8
2160:hex
2076:ETEN
2072:Big5
2040:Big5
1869:30F0
1863:3090
1788:hex
1528:ゐどのヰ
1392:kana
1355:and
1352:waka
1335:yowi
1331:yohi
1288:wite
1265:semu
1242:e/we
1238:i/wi
1234:a/wa
1137:/wi/
1135:for
1133:Ainu
1118:/ʔi/
1085:/wi/
1055:/vi/
1051:IMEs
1047:/vi/
903:kana
895:/wi/
890:'ウィ'
867:was
864:kana
829:for
826:kana
819:and
809:and
767:mora
761:kana
684:yori
674:nari
669:tomo
664:toki
654:sama
649:koto
271:kana
222:ゐどのヰ
59:news
2466:IBM
2418:IBM
2157:dec
2154:hex
2151:dec
2148:hex
2013:UHC
1785:dec
1782:hex
1779:dec
1776:hex
1773:dec
1770:hex
1657:ヸー
1347:ohi
1343:owi
1294:).
1292:ite
1272:/h/
1244:).
1128:'ヰ'
1116:is
1113:'い'
1108:/i/
1103:'ヰ'
1076:'ゐ'
1042:'ヸ'
855:in
852:'ヱ'
843:in
840:'ゑ'
812:'い'
806:'ゐ'
786:'ゐ'
777:in
433:tsu
380:shi
375:chi
42:by
2640::
2615:}}
2611:{{
2586:}}
2582:{{
2541:.
2537:.
2533:.
2497:/
2493:.
2472:.
2468:.
2464:;
2436:^
2424:.
2420:.
2416:;
2078:/
2011:/
1660:vī
1653:wī
1646:vi
1643:ヸ
1639:wi
1604:)
1488::
1339:oi
1263:wi
1230:ye
1222:wo
1206:wo
1202:we
1200:,
1198:wi
1188:,
1139:.
1066:.
1063:ヴィ
1039:,
957:,
897:.
849:,
833:we
773:ゐ゙
751::
743:,
737::
725:Wi
639:iu
555:ko
550:so
545:to
540:no
535:ho
530:mo
525:yo
520:ro
515:wo
503:ke
498:se
493:te
488:ne
483:he
478:me
470:ye
462:re
456:we
443:ku
438:su
428:nu
423:fu
418:mu
413:yu
408:ru
400:wu
385:ki
370:ni
365:hi
360:mi
352:yi
344:ri
338:wi
325:ka
320:sa
315:ta
310:na
305:ha
300:ma
295:ya
290:ra
285:wa
124:wi
2621:)
2607:.
2592:)
2578:.
2545:.
2519:.
2501:.
2478:.
2450:.
2430:.
2402:.
2321:)
2298:)
2275:)
2082:)
2074:(
2046:)
2042:(
1600:(
1471:ぬ
1257:ゐ
1226:e
1218:o
1194:o
1190:e
1186:i
1166:ヰ
1162:ヰ
1030:ヰ
1010:)
1004:(
1000:)
994:(
984:)
978:(
964:)
951:(
944:)
938:(
929:)
923:(
837:(
754:ヰ
740:ゐ
729:(
711:e
704:t
697:v
573:n
560:o
508:e
473:)
467:(
448:u
403:)
397:(
390:i
355:)
349:(
330:a
197:井
183:爲
109:)
103:(
98:)
94:(
84:·
77:·
70:·
63:·
36:.
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