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959:, as would be his widow in 1907. His will, witnessed by Ulysses S. Grant and filed in St. Louis, gave his son "John Hearney" and daughter "Eliza Hearney" $ 5 each, and the rest of his property, wherever located, to his widow. Harney is an intriguing figure representing perhaps an individualist standing apart, in an age of rough dichotomies. The one-time renowned "Indian Fighter" had also served on an Indian Peace Commission due to his familiarity with native people. However, the appointment was made not due to his advocacy of Indians, but rather because he had been one of the few men to successfully wage war against them and was someone who could gain their attention.
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666:(discussed in part below), although Harney actually commanded Military Department No. 5 for only three short periods, having been replaced by Colonel George N. Brooke on July 7, 1849; after Brooke's death from March 9 until September 15, 1851, when he was replaced by Colonel Persifor N. Smith, and then from December 3, 1852, until he was again relieved by Smith on May 11, 1853.
701:), in western Nebraska, killing about half of the 250 band members. Among the victims were women and children who had hidden in a cave, into which cannons were fired under the pretense that they were warriors. Harney earned a Lakota name translated as "Mad Bear" because after the attack, he marched across the Badlands to
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as "Woman Killer" due to his actions (known as the "Harney
Massacre") at an Indian village in 1855 at Blue Water Creek, south of the Black Hills: "While engaged in a delaying parley with Chief Little Thunder" Harney's troops "circled undetected" toward the village, "where the infantry opened fire
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and the current commander of the Army of the South, to write a letter to the
Secretary of the Navy to ask for Harney's acceptance into the Navy, which occurred July 23, 1817. Harney visited his brother and met high-ranking military officers. He so impressed them that they arranged a commission for
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Harney remained in
Washington and served in various administrative positions. When it became clear that he would not receive another field command, he retired in 1863 and lived in St. Louis. In recognition of his long and distinguished career, he was awarded and breveted to major general in 1865.
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and St. Louis' first millionaire. Harney converted to
Catholicism, and they had three children including John Mullanphy Harney (1847–1905). However, Harney only saw his wife twice after 1850, and she would relocate to France with their children in 1853, where she died in 1860. Her children would
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and forced the
Indians toward mounted soldiers, who inflicted terrible casualties. Initial reports stated 86 Indians were killed and 70 women and children were captured; however, the totals were later determined to be higher as additional casualties were found in the following days. The Indians
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based at
Jefferson Barracks in St. Louis, Missouri, and his wife's family was prominent in the area. General Twiggs accepted a Confederate commission to head the Department of Louisiana and was accordingly dismissed from the US Army and replaced by
836:, since Price did nothing to prevent the organization of pro-Confederate forces or to protect Unionists in his territory. Worsening matters was Harney's Tennessee heritage, which made his loyalty to the Union suspect. Blair reported all to the
524:, and then fled to avoid arrest, while seeking a transfer to another state. The coroner ruled Hannah died as a result of Harney's violent actions, and he was indicted for murder by a grand jury in July. The trial was moved to
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544:(1835–1842), Harney gained a reputation as an Indian fighter for daring and ruthless raids. Harney and troops under his command often fought the Seminole war leader and mystic Sam Jones, also known as
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821:, who was married to Harney's wife's niece. They agreed that the State Guard would control most of Missouri while federal troops stayed near St. Louis. The deal also involved Missouri Governor
802:, led a force of unofficial Unionist "Home Guards" to capture a force of state militia that were poised to seize the Arsenal by acting without any authorization from Harney, his superior. The
996:, Missouri, is privately owned by the Harney Mansion Foundation. The Sullivan Chamber of Commerce cooperates with the foundation and can arrange visits to the home, which is listed on the
592:. However, Harney's headstrong and insubordinate temperament caused losses and embarrassment. So when Harney refused to leave Monterrey, despite orders to do so, he was replaced by Major
393:, he was removed from overseeing the Department of the West because of his Southern sympathies early in the war, although he kept Missouri from joining the Confederacy. Under President
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Promoted to brigadier general on June 14, 1858, Harney was, at 61, the youngest of the four general officers in the regular army at the time, (alongside the War of 1812 veterans
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called for troops to suppress the rebellion. Jackson refused and began plotting with
Confederate authorities to bring about Missouri's secession by a military coup.
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709:, and challenged the Lakotas to a winter fight. The success of the campaign encouraged Harney to suggest that mobile units might replace permanent army posts.
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signed. However, Harney chose to serve under
Jackson in the army. His first military assignment under Jackson was in 1818, as a second lieutenant in the
532:), fifteen witnesses spoke in court, their testimony going unrecorded, and Harney, "although clearly responsible for Hannah's death," was acquitted.
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but turned down the offer. However, because he was a
Tennessean, his captors released him and allowed him to continue on to Washington.
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return to St. Louis, and their granddaughter Marie
Antoinette Harney Beauregard (1868–1940) would marry the son of Confederate general
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Recalled from leave after he had attempted to visit his family in Paris in 1854, Harney led a punitive expedition against the
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504:'s assistant inspector. There he met, fought, and befriended Jefferson Davis, Taylor's son-in-law and a fellow army officer.
429:, now incorporated in the city), Harney attended a local private academy. His father Thomas Harney had been an army officer.
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and authorizing it to resist an invasion by federal troops. Harney tried to calm the situation and agreed to the
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overrode Scott's judgment to remove Harney from command and concluded that Harney's only fault was being in the
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On his way to Washington, he was captured at Harper's Ferry, by the Confederates, on the 25th of April, 1861.
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in Mississippi, eventually moving to Florida afterwards, where he spent the last few years of his life.
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South Dakota place-names, v.1- Now changed to Black Elk Peak. August 11, 2016 U. S. Geographic Board. 3
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St. Louis Probate case file No. 17257-1728 (1889) in Missouri will records, available on ancestry.com
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on an expedition to sign treaties with the Upper Missouri tribes. In 1832, Harney fought in the
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was pro-secession, but the majority of Missourians favored the Union. After the bombardment of
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with British forces. The Army recalled Harney to St. Louis after the altercations with the
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placed Harney under court-martial, and Harney was ultimately convicted. However, President
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Mattingly, Arthur (July 1976). "The Great Plains Peace Commission of 1867,"".
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for his brutality and ruthlessness. One of five general officers (including
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Harney died at his home near Orlando, Florida, in 1889, just months after
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in 1865 and 1867 to negotiate treaties. In part because Harney urged the
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Harney began his many years of interactions with Native Americans on the
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That was not acceptable to Unionist leaders in Missouri, including the
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In 1817, Harney's brother, Dr. Benjamin F. Harney, an Army surgeon in
1124:"Encyclopedia of the Great Plains | Harney, William (1800–1889)"
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on April 25, 1861. He was offered a command by Confederate General
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The state legislature responded by reorganizing the militia as the
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in 1868. In 1868, Harney established three Sioux agencies on the
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1399:. American guide series. University of South Dakota. p. 40.
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resulted in a bloody riot in St. Louis, which horrified Harney.
30:"William Harney" redirects here. For the Australian writer, see
1234:"The Life and Military Service of General William Selby Harney"
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In 1833, in St. Louis, he married Mary Mullanphy, daughter of
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662:. He was assigned to control Indian raids, which led to the
548:. Harney first fought against Abiaka in January 1838 at the
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In June 1834, while he was a major in the Paymaster Corps,
345:(August 22, 1800 – May 9, 1889), otherwise known among the
1236:. St. Louis, Mo.: Bryan, Brand & Co. pp. 355–356
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American military personnel of the Mexican–American War
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On May 14, 1849, on the death of Brevet Major General
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and commanded the 2nd Dragoons. They were attached to
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United States Army personnel who were court-martialed
1340:. St. Louis, Missouri. September 25, 1855. p. 2.
693:, on September 2 and 3, 1855, Harney's troops routed
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So Far from God: the U.S. War with Mexico, 1846–1848
943:. In 1884, Harney married Mary St. Cyr (1826–1907).
615:'s division, Harney fought with distinction at the
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611:Placed in temporary command of the 1st Brigade in
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673:after they killed a small US Army detachment in
1449:Los San Patricios: The Irish Soldiers of Mexico
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1150:The Mexican War: A Compact History, 1846–1848
879:to honor past treaties. He helped secure the
697:'s village at Blue Water Creek (now known as
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1573:Southern Unionists in the American Civil War
1553:People of Missouri in the American Civil War
1420:General William S Harney: Prince of Dragoons
1353:The Journey of Crazy Horse: A Lakota History
1152:(New York: Hawthorn Books, Inc. 1968) p. 199
626:. He returned to cavalry command during the
971:were looted and burned by Harney’s troops.
712:Harney briefly commanded troops during the
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1207:"The US island that nearly ignited a war"
1205:Sainsbury, Brendan (September 12, 2022).
588:'s army as senior cavalry officer at the
389:) in the US Army at the beginning of the
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
50:This article includes a list of general
1261:(HarperCollins Publishers 1991) p. 685
1168:(Random House Publishers 1989) p. 256n
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986:Maj. Gen. William S. Harney Summer Home
1367:"National Register Information System"
955:was named for him. He was interred at
27:United States Army general (1800–1889)
1583:Native American genocide perpetrators
1259:Jefferson Davis: the Man and his hour
723:Next, he was assigned command of the
484:in 1825, when he accompanied Colonel
7:
1372:National Register of Historic Places
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998:National Register of Historic Places
1504:Works by or about William S. Harney
1179:"TSHA | Harney, William Selby"
1290:"William Selby Harney (1800-1889)"
1272:"William Selby Harvey (1800–1889)"
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
1563:Members of the Aztec Club of 1847
1445:Hogan, Michael (September 2006).
1015:Harney Channel, waterway between
1492:Military Career of Wm. S. Harney
1355:. New York: Penguin. p. 68.
550:Second Battle of the Loxahatchee
469:to move his operations from the
465:. He helped to force the pirate
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117:Bvt. Maj. Gen. William S. Harney
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421:(Haysboro), a community on the
270:Military Department Number Five
1548:People from Sullivan, Missouri
1481:, by Thomas W. Cutrer, in the
705:, the largest trading post in
365:, who became known during the
1:
1351:Marshall III, Joseph (2005).
681:. He led attacks against the
619:and received a promotion to
554:Battle of the Caloosahatchee
417:Born on August 27, 1800, in
1513:Arlington National Cemetery
962:Harney was known among the
957:Arlington National Cemetery
912:Pass Christian, Mississippi
596:, and Brevet Major General
500:tribes, serving as General
165:Arlington National Cemetery
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1588:People acquitted of murder
1471:The Life of General Harney
1051:Harney Street in Omaha, NE
871:and so he returned to the
834:Francis Preston Blair, Jr.
29:
1488:, uploaded June 15, 2010.
1473:available at archive.org
1337:Daily Missouri Republican
1083:Harney Sports Complex at
794:On May 10, 1861, Captain
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1391:Federal Writers' Project
1094:Everglades National Park
1085:Fort Leavenworth, Kansas
425:(then a few miles above
184:United States of America
1479:"Harney, William Selby"
1277:The Oregon Encyclopedia
1004:Places named for Harney
910:Harney then retired to
869:Indian Peace Commission
640:St. Patrick's Battalion
636:Battles for Mexico City
568:, Harney was appointed
399:Indian Peace Commission
71:more precise citations.
1568:People of the Utah War
1332:"Battle of Blue Water"
1232:Reavis, L. U. (1878).
881:Little Arkansas Treaty
838:Lincoln administration
772:Department of the West
727:. Harney sent Captain
677:, an event called the
576:'s command during the
439:Baton Rouge, Louisiana
277:Department of the West
1377:National Park Service
1162:John S. D. Eisenhower
1041:Harney County, Oregon
1027:archipelago (renamed
953:Harney County, Oregon
922:area, where he died.
893:Medicine Lodge Treaty
817:with Guard Commander
617:Battle of Cerro Gordo
582:Battle of Buena Vista
433:Early military career
218:Years of service
32:William Edward Harney
1415:George Rollie, Adams
811:Missouri State Guard
779:. Missouri Governor
735:, precipitating the
725:Department of Oregon
691:Battle of Ash Hollow
632:Battle of Churubusco
566:Mexican–American War
560:Mexican–American War
427:Nashville, Tennessee
371:Mexican–American War
343:William Selby Harney
307:Mexican–American War
273:Department of Oregon
105:William Selby Harney
18:William Selby Harney
1538:Union Army generals
1423:. U of Nebraska P.
1314:Journal of the West
1148:Charles L. Dufour,
1070:Cape Coral, Florida
897:Fort Laramie Treaty
804:Camp Jackson Affair
798:, commander of the
628:Battle of Contreras
580:Expedition and the
542:Second Seminole War
536:Second Seminole War
530:George Rollie Adams
471:Louisiana Territory
397:, he served on the
357:," was an American
1270:Gregory P. Shine,
1257:William C. Davis,
1012:, Portland, Oregon
815:Price–Harney Truce
768:American Civil War
762:American Civil War
675:Nebraska Territory
644:Aztec Club of 1847
514:Jefferson Barracks
457:, which President
391:American Civil War
387:Joseph E. Johnston
323:American Civil War
208:United States Army
136:Madison, Tennessee
1484:Handbook of Texas
975:Legacy and honors
941:Pierre Beauregard
823:Claiborne Jackson
800:St. Louis Arsenal
781:Claiborne Jackson
729:George E. Pickett
624:brigadier general
590:siege of Veracruz
490:Benjamin O'Fallon
463:1st U.S. Infantry
455:second lieutenant
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267:2nd U.S. Dragoons
257:1st U.S. Infantry
235:Brigadier general
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16:(Redirected from
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602:James K. Polk
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247:Major general
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1408:Bibliography
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1240:December 29,
1238:. Retrieved
1227:
1215:. Retrieved
1213:. BBC Travel
1210:
1200:
1192:
1187:
1173:
1165:
1157:
1149:
1136:Adams 47–51.
1132:
1090:Harney River
1059:South Dakota
983:
961:
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929:
909:
873:Great Plains
866:
857:
846:
827:
808:
793:
787:, President
765:
756:David Twiggs
745:
722:
711:
687:Oregon Trail
683:Brulé Lakota
668:
653:
613:David Twiggs
610:
574:John E. Wool
563:
539:
511:
498:Sauk and Fox
496:against the
482:Great Plains
479:
475:Spanish Main
467:Jean Lafitte
459:James Monroe
436:
416:
379:David Twiggs
354:
351:Woman Killer
350:
342:
341:
283:Battles/wars
148:(1889-05-09)
98:
83:
74:
55:
1533:1889 deaths
1528:1800 births
1193:Crazy Horse
1191:M. Sandoz,
1092:located in
1075:Lake Harney
1055:Harney Peak
1046:Harney Lake
1010:Harney Park
901:Brule Sioux
877:US Congress
863:Later years
785:Fort Sumter
703:Fort Pierre
564:During the
540:During the
447:War of 1812
419:Haysborough
367:Indian Wars
287:Indian Wars
146:May 9, 1889
69:introducing
1522:Categories
1100:References
830:Republican
699:Ash Hollow
634:, and the
413:Early life
302:Sioux Wars
212:Union Army
172:Allegiance
129:1800-08-22
52:references
1455:Indymedia
1195:pp. 79–82
1048:in Oregon
936:Baltimore
899:with the
883:with the
752:John Wool
689:. In the
578:Chihuahua
518:St. Louis
452:U.S. Navy
450:him as a
383:John Wool
329:Signature
221:1818–1863
77:June 2023
1460:July 15,
1417:(2005).
1393:(1940).
1320:: 25–27.
1034:Harney,
1025:San Juan
990:Sullivan
885:Comanche
714:Utah War
441:, asked
369:and the
355:Mad Bear
315:Utah War
263:Commands
194:Service/
1506:at the
1211:bbc.com
832:leader
766:As the
741:British
737:Pig War
570:colonel
522:rawhide
473:to the
363:US Army
359:cavalry
353:" and "
311:Pig War
65:improve
1486:Online
1427:
1036:Nevada
754:, and
630:, the
621:brevet
546:Abiaka
385:, and
347:Lakota
244:Brevet
205:
196:branch
181:
54:, but
1105:Notes
1017:Orcas
969:tipis
964:Sioux
947:Death
889:Kiowa
671:Sioux
660:Texas
188:Union
1462:2008
1425:ISBN
1242:2019
1219:2022
1021:Shaw
1019:and
984:The
887:and
488:and
405:and
349:as "
253:Unit
226:Rank
155:, US
143:Died
138:, US
123:Born
1077:in
1057:in
988:in
840:in
1524::
1453:.
1375:.
1369:.
1334:.
1318:XV
1316:.
1274:,
1244:.
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1164:,
1141:^
1113:^
1000:.
992:,
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131:)
127:(
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84:(
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75:(
61:.
34:.
20:)
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