1104:. Her mother was living and in good health; she had a sister who displayed multiple nervous symptoms and an epileptic nephew. With these exceptions, no other neurotic cases were recorded in the family. Miss K, who was described as a plump, healthy girl until the beginning of 1887, began to refuse all food except half cups of tea or coffee in February that year. She was referred to Gull and began to visit him of 20 April 1887; in his notes, he remarks that she persisted in walking through the streets to his house despite being an object of attention to passers-by. He records that she displayed no sign of organic disease; her respiration was 12 to 14; her pulse was 46; and her temperature was 97 °F (36 °C). Her urine was normal. Her weight was 4 stone 7 pounds (63 pounds) and her height was 5 feet 4 inches. Miss K expressed herself to Gull as "quite well". Gull arranged for a nurse from Guy's to supervise her diet, ordering light food every few hours. After six weeks, Dr. Leachman reported good progress and by 27 July her mother reported that her recovery was almost complete, with the nurse by this time no longer being needed.
686:'In Dr. Gull were combined energy that never tired, watchfulness that never flagged; nursing so tender, ministry so minute, that in his functions he seemed to combine the duties of physician, dresser, dispenser, valet, nurse,-now arguing with the sick man in his delirium so softly and pleasantly that the parched lips opened to take the scanty nourishment on which depended the reserves of strength for the deadly fight when all else failed, now lifting the wasted body from bed to bed, now washing the worn frame with vinegar, with ever ready eye and ear and finger to mark any change and phase, to watch face and heart and pulse, and passing at times twelve or fourteen hours at that bedside. And when these hours were over, or while they were going on-what a task for the physician !-to soothe with kindest and yet not too hopeful words her whose trial was indeed great to bear, to give counsel against despair, and yet not to justify confidence.' After the recovery of the Prince, Sir William remarked, 'He was as well treated and nursed as if he had been a patient in Guy's Hospital.'
857:
his practice. On Monday morning, after breakfast, he pointed to his mouth as if unable to speak. His valet, who was in the room, did not quite understand what was amiss, but helped him into the sitting-room. Sir
William then sat down on a chair and wrote on a piece of paper, "I have no speech." The family were at once summoned, and Sir William was soon after removed to bed, where he received every attendance from Dr. Hermann Weber, an old friend, Dr. Charles D. Hood, his regular medical attendant, and Dr. Acland, his son-in-law. The patient, however, soon lost consciousness, and lingered in this state until yesterday morning, when he quietly passed away in the presence of his family. The inquiries as to his state of health during the last two days have been unusually numerous, a constant stream of carriages drawing up at the door. The Prince of Wales was kept informed of Sir William's condition through Sir Francis Knollys.
1204:
cretinoid condition in adults which I have seen, the thyroid was not enlarged ... There had been a distinct change in the mental state. The mind, which had previously been active and inquisitive, assumed a gentle, placid indifference, corresponding to the muscular languor, but the intellect was unimpaired ... The change in the skin is remarkable. The texture being peculiarly smooth and fine, and the complexion fair, at a first hasty glance there might be supposed to be a general slight oedema of it ... The beautiful delicate rose-purple tint on the cheek is entirely different from what one sees in the bloated face of renal anasarca.
1417:(28 December 1897). This article comments: "the identity of that incarnate fiend was settled some time ago" and that the murderer was "a demented physician afflicted with wildly uncontrollable erotic mania." It repeats some of the details in the earlier report, adding that Dr Howard "was one of a dozen London physicians who sat as a commission in lunacy upon their brother physician, for at last it was definitely proved that the dread Jack the Ripper was a physician in high standing and enjoying the patronage of the best society in the West End of London." The article goes on to allege that the preacher and spiritualist
388:, Essex. His father died of cholera in London in 1827, when William was ten years old, and was buried at Thorpe-le-Soken. After her husband's death, Elizabeth Gull devoted herself to her children's upbringing on very slender means. She was a woman of character, instilling in her children the proverb "whatever is worth doing is worth doing well." William Gull often said that his real education had been given him by his mother. Elizabeth Gull was devoutly religious—on Fridays the children had fish and rice pudding for dinner; during Lent she wore black, and the Saints' days were carefully observed.
1499:"S" was the heir to power and wealth. His grandmother, who outlived him, was very much the stern Victorian matriarch... His father, to whose title he was the heir, was a gay cosmopolitan and did much to improve the status of England internationally. gazetted to a commission in the army... He resigned his commission shortly after the raiding of some premises in Cleveland Street, which were frequented by aristocrats and well-to-do homosexuals.
619:
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the other part – there is not a single item of this startling statement concerning me which has the slightest foundation in fact. Beyond what I may have read in the newspapers, I have never known anything about Jack the Ripper. I have never made any public statement about Jack the Ripper – and at the time of the alleged public statement by me I was thousands of miles distant from San
Francisco where it was alleged that I made it.
381:. His mother's maiden name was Elizabeth Chilver and she was forty years old when William was born. William's middle name, Withey, came from his godfather, Captain Withey, a friend and employer of his father and also a local barge owner. He was the youngest of eight children, two of whom died in infancy. Of William's surviving five siblings, two were brothers (John and Joseph) and three were sisters (Elizabeth, Mary and Maria).
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1395:, a prominent San Francisco citizen, and a Dr Howard of London. According to Howard, the murderer was a "medical man of high standing" whose wife had become alarmed by his erratic behaviour during the period of the Whitechapel murders. She conveyed her suspicions to some of her husband's medical colleagues who, after interviewing him and searching the house, "found ample proofs of murder" and committed him to an asylum.
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fishermen, and collecting wildlife specimens from the nets of the coastal dredgers. William would study and catalogue the specimens thus obtained, which he would study using whatever books as he could then procure. This seems to have awoken in him an interest in biological research that would serve him well in his later career in medicine. The wish to study medicine became the fixed desire of his life.
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955:, his pictures, furniture, and household effects and the sum of £3,000, along with the use for the remainder of her life of the house at 74 Brook Street. She also received a life annuity of £3,000, commencing 12 months after Sir William's death. Sir William's daughter Caroline received £26,000 in trust, while his son Sir William Cameron Gull received the sum of £40,000 and all the real estate.
273:
415:, the botanist, and formed an interest in looking for unusual plant life that would remain a lifelong pastime. His mother, meanwhile, had in 1832 moved to the parish of Beaumont, adjacent to Thorpe-le-Soken. After two years at Lewes, at the age of nineteen, William became restless and started to consider other careers, including working at sea.
1333:"Realize, if you can, what a paralyzing influence on all scientific inquiry the ancient belief must have had which attributed the operations of nature to the caprice not of one divinity, but of many. There still remains vestiges of this in most of our minds, and the more distinct in proportion to our weakness and ignorance."
1254:'anatomical' causes, he speculated. He described two types of partial lesions, one confined to a segment of the spinal cord, the other extending longitudinally in one of its columns. He noticed and was puzzled by degenerations of the posterior columns that could cause an 'inability to regulate motor power'.
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Gull also recommended that food should be administered at intervals varying inversely with the periods of exhaustion and emaciation. He believed that the inclination of the patient should in no way be consulted; and that the tendency of the medical attendant to indulge the patient ("Let her do as she
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at Guy's
Hospital, and the Treasurer gave him a small house in King Street, with an annual salary of £100 (£14,500 in 2023). In 1843, he was appointed Lecturer on Natural Philosophy. He also held at this time the post of Medical Tutor at Guy's and, in the absence of the staff, shared with Mr. Stocker
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Knight undertook his own research, which established that there really was a coachman named John Netley; that an unnamed child was knocked down in the Strand in
October 1888 and that a man named "Nickley" attempted suicide by drowning from Westminster Bridge in 1892. He was also provided with access
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Stowell apparently devised his theory using Sir
William Gull's private papers as his primary source material. However, this cannot be confirmed as Stowell died a few days after publishing his article and his family burned his papers. Gull (who was named in the article) supposedly left papers showing
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In their introduction, Gull and Sutton point out that Dr. Bright and others "have fully recognised that the granular contracted kidney is usually associated with morbid changes in other organs of the body" and that these co-existent changes were commonly grouped together and termed "chronic Bright's
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Although the cases of Miss A, Miss B and Miss K resulted in recovery, Gull states that he observed at least one fatality as a result of anorexia nervosa. He states that the post mortem revealed no physical abnormalities other than thrombosis of the femoral veins. Death appeared to have resulted from
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Photographs of Miss K appear in Gull's published papers. The first is dated 21 April 1887 and shows the subject in a state of extreme emaciation. The unclothed torso and head is displayed with the ribcage and clavicle clearly visible. The second photograph is dated 14 June 1887 in a similar attitude
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Gull noted that her emaciated appearance was more extreme than normally occurs in tubercular cases. His physical examination of her chest and abdomen discovered nothing abnormal, other than a low pulse of 50, but he recorded a "peculiar restlessness" that was difficult to control. The mother advised
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Gull prescribed remedies including preparations of cinchona, biochloride of mercury, syrup of iodide of iron, syrup of phosphate of iron, citrate of quinine and variations in diet without noticeable success. He observed occasional voracious appetite for very brief periods, but states that these were
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Gull, encouraged by
Harrison, determined to make the most of his opportunity, and resolved to try for every prize for which he could compete in the hospital in the course of that year. He succeeded in gaining every one. During the first year of his residence at Guy's, together with his other studies
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Gull divided paraplegia into three groups: spinal, peripheral, and encephalic, where the spinal group related to paralyses caused by damage to the spinal cord; the peripheral group comprised disorders that occur when multiple parts of the nervous system fail simultaneously; and the encephalic group
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Gull observed that slow pulse and respiration seemed to be common factors in all the cases he had observed. He also observed that this resulted in below-normal body temperature and proposed the application of external heat as a possible treatment. This proposal is still debated by scientists today.
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Miss B was treated by Gull until 1872, by which time a noticeable recovery was underway and eventually complete. Gull admits in his medical papers that the medical treatment probably did not contribute much to the recovery, consisting, as in the former case, of various tonics and a nourishing diet.
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in which he referred to a "peculiar form of disease occurring mostly in young women, and characterised by extreme emaciation". Gull observed that the cause of the condition could not be determined, but that cases seemed mainly to occur in young women between the ages of sixteen and twenty-three. In
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Azure, a serpent nowed or between three sea-gulls proper, and for honourable augmentation a canton ermine, thereon an ostrich feather argent, quilled or, enfiled by the coronet which encircles the plume of the Prince of Wales, gold. Crests, 1st (for honourable augmentation), a lion passant guardant
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In 1846, he earned his M.D. degree at the
University of London, and gained the gold medal. At that time, this was the highest honour in medicine which the University was able to confer. During his M.D. examination, he suffered an attack of nerves and was about to leave the room, saying that he knew
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He goes on to allege that "S" was certified insane by Gull and placed in a private mental home, from which he escaped and committed the last, and most brutal, murder of Mary Jane Kelly in
November 1888. He then recovered sufficiently to take a five-month cruise before his relapse and death "in his
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In this publication my name is dishonourably associated with Jack the Ripper – and in such a way – as if true – renders me liable to shew cause to the
British Medical Council why my name with three degrees attached should not be expunged from the Official Register. Unfortunately for the Parties of
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Gull recognised girdle pain as seldom absent from extrinsic compression, often signifying meningeal involvement. Paralysis of the lower extremities could, he thought, be consequent upon diseases of the bladder and kidneys ('urinary paraplegia'). The bladder infection was the source of inflammatory
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Sir Wm. Gull is just dead. He nursed the Prince of Wales back to life in '71 and apparently it was for this that Mr. Gull was granted
Knighthood, that doormat at the threshold of nobility. When the Prince seemed dead Mr. Gull dealt blow after blow between the shoulders, breathed into his nostrils,
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We regret to announce that Sir William Gull died at half-past 12 yesterday at his residence, 74, Brook-street, London, from paralysis. Sir William was seized with a severe attack of paralysis just over two years ago while staying at Urrard, Killiecrankie, and never sufficiently recovered to resume
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As a young boy, William Gull attended a local day school with his elder sisters. Later, he attended another school in the same parish, kept by the local clergyman. William was a day-boy at this school until he was fifteen, at which age he became a boarder for two years. It was at this time that he
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It is impossible to find out if some of the lesser known people in Sickert's story were Masons. The chief characters certainly were. Warren, Gull, and Salisbury were all well advanced on the Masonic ladder. Salisbury, whose father had been Vice Grand Master of All England, was so advanced that in
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Gull and Sutton argued that this assumption was incorrect. They presented evidence to show that the diseased state could also originate in other organs, and that the deterioration of the kidney is part of the general morbid change, rather than the primary cause. In some cases examined by Gull and
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The local rector took an interest in William and proposed that he should resume his classical and other studies on alternate days at the rectory. William agreed, and would continue this routine for a year. On his days at home, he and his sisters would row down the estuary to the sea, watching the
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After the cessation of the catamenial period, became insensibly more and more languid, with general increase of bulk ... Her face altering from oval to round ... the tongue broad and thick, voice guttural, and the pronunciation as if the tongue were too large for the mouth (cretinoid) ... In the
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Gull and Sutton's main conclusion was that the morbid change in the arteries and capillaries was the primary and essential condition of the morbid state known as chronic Bright's disease with contracted kidney. They stated that the clinical history may vary according to the organs primarily and
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for nearly a year, but that otherwise her physical condition was mostly normal, with healthy respiration and heart sounds and pulse; no vomiting nor diarrhoea; clean tongue and normal urine. The pulse was slightly low at between 56 and 60. The condition was that of simple starvation, with total
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Sir William Gull was buried on Monday 3 February 1890 next to the grave of his father and mother in the churchyard of his childhood home at Thorpe-le-Soken, near Colchester, Essex. A special train was commissioned to carry mourners from London. The inscription on his headstone was his favourite
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In late Victorian Britain, women were not encouraged to enter the medical profession. Sir William Gull was initially against women becoming medics but later stated that he had changed his mind and spoke out against this bias and led efforts to improve the prospects of women who wished to pursue
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The Stephen Knight thesis is based upon the claim that the main protagonists, the Prime Minister Lord Salisbury, Sir Charles Warren, Sir James Anderson and Sir William Gull were all high-ranking Freemasons. Knight knew his claim to be false for, in 1973, I received a phone call from him in the
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In five traumatic cases, the vertebral column was often but not invariably fractured and could compress the cord. He recorded one instance in a 33-year-old woman of a thoracic disk prolapse compressing the cord, without evident trauma. Tumours also figured in seven of his 32 patients; two were
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He acknowledged, however, that nothing was more difficult than "the determination at the bedside, of the causes". Pathologically softening and inflammation were sometimes evident, but in many instances no obvious aetiology was found. One might have to seek for 'atomical' as distinguished from
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Sir William Gull was appointed Physician-in-Ordinary to Queen Victoria. (At this time, there were four Physicians-in-Ordinary to the Queen, each receiving an annual salary of £200. However, these were largely honorary appointments; in reality, the Queen never saw any of them except the senior
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on 19 May 1895, written by Joseph Hatton, identified him as Dr. Benjamin Howard, an American doctor who had practised in London during the late 1880s. The article was shown to Dr. Benjamin Howard on a return visit to London in January 1896, prompting a strong letter of denial published in
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likes. Don't force food."), particularly in the early stages of the condition, was dangerous and should be discouraged. Gull states that he formed this opinion after experience of dealing with cases of anoerexia nervosa, having previously himself been inclined to indulge patients' wishes.
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and senior Freemasons, including senior police officers, to murder a number of women with knowledge of an illegitimate Catholic heir to the throne sired by Prince Albert Victor. According to this theory, the murders were carried out by Sir William Gull with the assistance of a coachman,
2465:"On the Pathology of the Morbid State commonly called Chronic Bright's Disease with Contracted Kidney ("Arterio-Capillary Fibrosis")" (1872), Sir William Withey Gull, Bart, M.D., D.C.L., F.R.S., and Henry G. Sutton, M.B., F.R.C.P., Medico-Chirurgical Transaction, vol lv 1872, p. 273.
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played a leading role in the physician's arrest by using his clairvoyant powers to divine that the Whitechapel murderer lived in a house in Mayfair. He persuaded police to enter the house, the home of a distinguished physician, who was allegedly removed to a private insane asylum in
1250:, his work enabled paraplegic symptoms to be understood in context with the prevailing, limited understanding of spinal cord pathology, for the first time. He presented a series of 32 cases, including autopsies in 29 instances, to correlate the clinical and pathological features.
1486:
Stowell was a junior colleague to Dr Theodore Dyke Acland, Gull's son-in-law. He alleges that one of Gull's patients was the Whitechapel murderer. He refers to the killer as "S" throughout the article without ever identifying him, but the identity of "S" is widely presumed to be
243:, or even that he himself was the murderer. Scholars have dismissed the idea, since Gull was 71 years old and in ill health when the murders were committed. The theory has been used by creators of fictional works. Examples for his portrayal as Jack the Ripper include the films
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the care of the patients in the hospital. In the same year, he was appointed Medical Superintendent of the wards for lunatics, and it was largely due to his influence that these cases shortly ceased to be treated at the hospital, and the wards were converted from this use.
1504:
that "S" had not died of pneumonia, as had been reported, but of tertiary syphilis. Stowell states that "S" caught syphilis in the West Indies while touring the world in his late teens and it was this illness that brought on a state of insanity which led to the murders.
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Gull was reported as saying that her academic achievements answered any objections to the involvement of women in medicine; and expressed the hope that the scholarship would lead to a liberalisation of attitudes and greater recognition of women across the profession.
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very rare and exceptional. He also records that she was frequently restless and active and notes that this was a "striking expression of the nervous state, for it seemed hardly possible that a body so wasted could undergo the exercise which seemed agreeable".
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in dogs invariably proved fatal; Schiff later showed that grafts or injections of thyroid reversed the symptoms in both thyroidectomised animals and humans. He thought the thyroid liberated some important substance into the blood. Three years earlier,
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or, supporting with his dexter fore paw an escutcheon azure, thereon an ostrich feather argent, quilled or, enfiled with a coronet as in the canton; 2nd, two arms embowed, vested azure cuffs argent, the hands proper holding a torch or fired proper.
1039:, London on 17 January 1866. She was aged 17 and was greatly emaciated, having lost 33 pounds. Her weight at this time was 5 stones 12 pounds (82 pounds); her height was 5 ft 5 inches. Gull records that she had suffered from
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who, like Gull, was based at Guy's Hospital. Dr. Bright's work characterised the symptoms as caused by a disease centred on the kidney. Chronic Bright's disease was a more severe variant, where other organs are also affected.
450:, was introduced to Gull and was impressed by his ability. He invited him to go to Guy's Hospital under his patronage and, in September 1837, the autumn before he was twenty-one, Gull left home and entered on his life's work.
1758:. "Sir Nigel Gull" is depicted as a Royal physician and appears to be based on Sir William Gull. The plotline has an occult theme that features Prince Edward, Duke of Clarence but does not reference the Whitechapel murders.
1100:, in 1887. He records the details in the last of his medical papers to be published. Miss K was aged 14 years in 1887. She was the third child in a family of six, one of whom died in infancy. Her father had died, aged 68, of
932:
The following persons were appointed as executors: his wife, Dame Susan Anne Gull, his son, Sir William Cameron Gull, of Gloucester Street, Portman Square (the new baronet), Mr. Edmund Hobhouse, and Mr. Walter Barry Lindley.
1630:
Library, in which he asked for confirmation of their membership. After a lengthy search I informed him that only Sir Charles Warren had been a Freemason. Regrettably, he chose to ignore this answer as it ruined his story.
1447:] as reaffirming the accuracy of the story, and describing Dr. Howard as a "well-known London physician who passed through San Francisco on a tour of the world several months ago". A further follow-up article in the
775:
The fund was launched with initial donations of £252 9s; Gull's personal contribution was 10 guineas (£10 10s). By the mid-1890s, the scholarship was able to support a biannual prize of £50, awarded to a graduate of the
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careers in medicine. In February 1886, he chaired a meeting at the Medical Society in Cavendish Square to establish a medical scholarship to be awarded to women. This was the Helen Prideaux Memorial Fund, named after
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It will be noticeable that as she recovered she had a much younger look, corresponding indeed to her age, twenty-one; whilst the photographs, taken when she was seventeen, give her the appearance of being nearer
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a few days earlier. He recovered after a few weeks and returned to London, but was under no illusions about the danger to his health, remarking "One arrow had missed its mark, but there are more in the quiver".
767:
M.B. and B.S. Lond, a gifted University of London medical student who had died from diphtheria the previous year, having previously won the exhibition and gold medal in anatomy and gained a first class degree.
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Throughout this period, Gull's duties gave him extensive opportunities to develop his medical experience. He spent much of his life within the wards of the hospital, at all hours of the day and often at night.
1430:, is supposed to contain the mortal remains of a great West End physician, whose untimely death all London mourned." (This detail does not correspond with Sir William Gull, who was buried in the churchyard at
453:
It was usual for students of medicine to conduct their studies at the hospital as "apprentices." The Treasurer's patronage provided Gull with two rooms in the hospital with an annual allowance of £50 a year.
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disease." The prevailing opinion at the time was that the kidney was the organ primarily affected, inducing a condition that would spread to other parts of the body and thereby cause other organs to suffer.
1367:
The earliest known allegation that links the Whitechapel murders with a prominent London physician (not necessarily Gull) was in two articles published by a number of US newspapers between 1895 and 1897.
673:(1935), wrote: "I was a lad then and my father sent me every evening to the police station to get the latest news. It was not until just before Christmas that bulletins were issued only once a day."
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under the name of Thomas Mason. Meanwhile the disappearance of the physician was explained by announcing his death and faking a funeral – "an empty coffin, which now reposes in the family vaults in
1029:, in which he describes the three cases of Miss A, Miss B, and a third unnamed case. In 1887, he also recorded the case of Miss K, in what was to be the last of his medical papers to be published.
1549:
The series did not reach a single conclusion, but is significant for its inclusion of the first public airing of a story propounded by Joseph "Hobo" Sickert, alleged illegitimate son of artist
958:
The residue of Sir William's personal estate was to be held in trust for the purchase of real estate in England or Scotland (but not in Ireland) which was to be added to the entailed estate.
3014:
936:
Under the terms of the will, £500 was bequeathed to each of the acting executors; £100 to Miss Mary Jackson; £100 to each of two nieces; £200 to Lady Gull's maid; £50 to Sir William's
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1315:"The foundation of the study of Medicine, as of all scientific inquiry, lies in the belief that every natural phenomenon, trifling as it may seem, has a fixed and invariable meaning"
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nothing of the case proposed for comment; a friend persuaded him to return, with the result that the thesis he then wrote gained for him his Doctor's degree and the gold medal.
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Miss A remained under Gull's observation from January 1866 to March 1868, by which time she seemed to have made a full recovery, having gained in weight from 82 to 128 pounds.
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Sir William Withey Gull of 74 Brook Street, Baronet M.D. died 29 January 1890. Probate LONDON 8 January to Edmund Hobhouse Esquire. Effects £344,022 19s 7d. Former Grant 1890.
1488:
1321:"If facts be nature's words, our words should be true sign of nature's facts. A word rightly imposed is a landmark indicating so much recovered from the region of ignorance"
657:, who thought the fever was caused by a sore on a finger. After a week, with no sign of the fever abating, they diagnosed typhoid fever and sent for Gull on 21 November, and
193:(31 December 1816 – 29 January 1890) was an English physician. Of modest family origins, he established a lucrative private practice and served as Governor of
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and the Prince was in danger of his life for many days. For the next month, daily bulletins were issued by Sandringham and posted at police stations around the country. Sir
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On 18 May 1848, Gull married Susan Ann Lacy, daughter of Colonel J. Dacre Lacy, of Carlisle. Shortly afterwards he left his rooms at Guy's and moved to 8 Finsbury Square.
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Ord WM: Report of a committee of the Clinical Society of London nominated 14 December 1883, to investigate the subject of myxoedema. Trans Clin Soc Lond 1888; 21(suppl).
887:"Few men have practised a lucrative profession with less eagerness to grasp at its pecuniary rewards. He kept up the honourable standard of generosity to poor patients."
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In Gull's published medical papers, images of Miss A are shown that depict her appearance before and after treatment (right). Gull notes her aged appearance at age 17:
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on 18 December 1875, under the title "Physiological Physic". This was one of a series of over 2,000 Vanity Fair caricatures showing prominent personalities of the time.
1625:
This claim is refuted by John Hamill, former Librarian for the Freemasons' United Grand Lodge of England (subsequently the Director of Communications). Hamill writes:
1605:– which proposes the Sickert story as its central conclusion. The book provides the inspiration for a number of fictional works related to the Whitechapel murderers.
904:
As a Teacher, Few have exceeded him In the depth and accuracy of his knowledge, In the lucidity and terseness of his language, In the effect produced upon his hearers
844:. During this period, he suffered several further strokes. The fatal attack came at his home in 74, Brook Street, London on 27 January 1890. He died two days later.
1702:. The plotline reveals Sir William Gull as the murderer, assisted by coachman John Netley, but otherwise excludes the main elements of the Royal conspiracy theory.
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first began to study Latin. The clergyman's teaching, however, seems to have been very limited; and at seventeen William announced that he would not go any longer.
1621:
1873 a new Lodge was consecrated in his name. The Salisbury Lodge met at the premier Masonic venue in England, the Freemasons' Hall in Great Queen Street, London.
940:, Miss Susan Spratt; and an annual sum of £32 10s to his butler, William Brown, for the rest of his life. A jewelled snuffbox presented to Sir William Gull by the
373:, Essex. His father, John Gull, was a barge owner and wharfinger and was thirty-eight years old at the time of his son's birth. William was born aboard his barge
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and noted atrophy of the spinal cord, but in an important paper, Gull also stressed the involvement of the posterior column in paraplegia with sensory ataxia .
1302:"That the course of nature may be varied we have assumed by our meeting here today. The whole object of the science of medicine is based on this assumption"
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Anorexia Nervosa (Apepsia Hysterica, Anorexia Hysterica) (1873) William Withey Gull, published in the 'Clinical Society's Transactions, vol vii, 1874, p. 22
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comprised partial paralyses caused by a failure of the central nervous system, possibly related to failure of the blood supply or a syphilitic condition.
1086:
that "She is never tired". Gull was struck by the similarity of the case to that of Miss A, even to the detail of the pulse and respiration observations.
1661:. Sir Thomas Spivey, a Royal physician whose character is based on Sir William Gull, is revealed as the murderer in a plotline based on Stephen Knight's
443:
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1128:
In 1872, Sir William Gull and Henry G. Sutton, M.B., F.R.C.P. presented a paper that challenged the earlier understanding of the causes of chronic
3029:
929:
Sir William Gull's will, with a codicil, was dated 27 November 1888. The value of the estate was £344,022 19s. 7d – an enormous sum at that time.
607:
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1437:
The identity of the Dr Howard who is alleged to have provided the information for the first article was never established. On 2 May 1895, the
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metastatic from kidney and lung. Two had intramedullary cervical tumours, and one, a Guy's Hospital nurse, probably had a cystic astrocytoma.
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2239:
603:
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and John Lloyd, used fictional detectives Detective Chief Inspector Charles Barlow and Detective Inspector John Watt from the police drama
1349:"Jack the Ripper" murders of 1888. These are sometimes associated with variants of conspiracy theories involving the Royal Family and the
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from 1871 to 1883, and representative of the University of London in the Council from 1886. In 1871 he was elected President of the
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356:
198:
2269:"Account of a Ms. Volume, by William Clift, Relating to John Hunter's Household and Estate; and to Sir Everard Home's Publications"
1727:
I've always liked to imagine that our William Gull is a fiction who just happens to share a name with a real one who existed once.
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245:
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2159:
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1616:
Knight's claim that Sir William Gull, along with various others, was a high-ranking Freemason, is disputed. Knight writes:
1327:"Never forget that it is not a pneumonia, but a pneumonic man who is your patient. Not a typhoid fever, but a typhoid man"
337:
2971:
1976:
561:
290:
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1479:
961:
Unusually, the will is recorded twice in the probate registry, in 1890 and in 1897. The text of the second entry reads:
2824:
1599:
who interviewed Joseph Sickert following the BBC series. He was sufficiently convinced by the story to write a book –
1002:
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he carried on his own education in Greek, Latin, and Mathematics, and in 1838 he matriculated at the recently founded
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1542:
1136:
534:
378:
1309:"I do not know what a brain is, and I do not know what sleep is, but I do know that a well-fed brain sleeps well"
283:
1227:. This was a long-term interest of Gull's dating back at least to his three Goulstonian lectures of 1848, titled
1373:
548:
They had three children: Caroline Cameron Gull was born in 1851 at Guy's Hospital and died in 1929; she married
3039:
2555:
2350:
Gull WW: Address in medicine delivered before the Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association at Oxford"
2086:
1379:
1357:
990:
Miss A, pictured in 1866 aged 17 (No. 1) and in 1870 aged 21 (No. 2). From the published medical papers of Gull
412:
2878:
1400:
1164:
work in which he demonstrated that the cause of myxoedema is atrophy of the thyroid gland. This paper, titled
833:
323:
2621:
906:
As a Physician, His almost instinctive insight, His unwearied patience, His exact method and ready resources,
896:
To the Glory of God and in memory of William Withey Gull, Bart M.D., F.R.S.D., C.L., Oxon., Cantab., and Edin
517:. He was also appointed Resident Physician at Guy's. Dr Gull became a DCL of Oxford in 1868, a Fellow of the
1590:
1277:
568:. They had two children, a daughter (Aimee Sarah Agnes Dyke Acland) who died in infancy in 1889, and a son,
530:
526:
522:
2474:
Gull WW: On a cretinoid state supervening in adult life in women. Trans Clin Soc Lond 1873/1874; 7:180–185.
1148:
Sutton, the kidney was only marginally affected while the condition was far more advanced in other organs.
641:
The Prince of Wales showed the first signs of illness on 13 November 1871, while at the Royal residence at
2426:"Do people with anorexia nervosa use sauna baths? A reconsideration of heat-treatment in anorexia nervosa"
2425:
1699:
1595:
1392:
918:
879:"What doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy and to walk humbly with thy God?"
764:
711:
600:
2665:
1572:
on 18 June 1978. He is quoted as saying, "It was a hoax; I made it all up" and, it was "a whopping fib."
305:
1101:
1067:
Miss B, pictured around 1868 aged 18 (No. 1) and 1872 (No. 2). From the published medical papers of Gull
2687:
2577:
1246:
Gull's main work on paraplegia was published between 1856 and 1858. Along with the French neurologist
808:
In 1887, Sir William Gull suffered the first of several strokes at his Scottish home at Urrard House,
216:
Gull made some significant contributions to medical science, including advancing the understanding of
2994:
2989:
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2643:
1537:
1474:
1413:
1295:
1193:
891:
A memorial bronze plaque was placed at the entrance to Guy's Hospital Chapel. The inscription reads:
821:
553:
549:
459:
722:. In recognition of his service, on 8 February 1872 William Gull was created the 1st Baronet of the
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1763:
1646:
1406:
1269:
1176:
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467:
370:
221:
1152:
chiefly affected; the condition could not be expected to follow a simple and predictable pattern.
494:
From 1846 to 1856, Gull held the post of Lecturer on Physiology and Comparative Anatomy at Guy's.
2054:
2039:
1808:
1273:
952:
751:
696:
666:
658:
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1639:
In 1979, the fictional character Sir Thomas Spivey, portrayed by actor Roy Lansford, appears in
941:
1613:
files, from which a number of contemporary police reports were made public for the first time.
2716:
2537:
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2005:
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251:
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107:
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2845:
1745:) mentions Jack the Ripper being Sir William Gull possessed by a demon called Calibraxis.
1650:
1431:
908:
And above all that hearty sympathy Which seemed concentrated for the time On each Patient
788:
618:
569:
506:
505:, a post which he held for two years, during which time he formed a close friendship with
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240:
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paper. She was referred to Gull on 8 October 1868, aged 18, by her family who suspected
43:
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599:, inherited his father's title as 2nd Baronet of Brook Street, and later served as the
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408:
210:
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1932:
1665:. Spivey is depicted as assisted by a character named William Slade, himself based on
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1800:
1793:
1705:
From 1991 to 1996, a fictionalised Sir William Gull is featured in the graphic novel
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1135:
The symptoms of Bright's Disease had been described in 1827 by the English physician
809:
723:
654:
635:
565:
518:
239:/royal conspiracy theory created in the 1970s alleged that Gull knew the identity of
206:
795:
209:, he was created a Baronet and appointed to be one of the Physicians-in-Ordinary to
1719:. The plotline depicts Sir William Gull as the murderer and takes Stephen Knight's
1687:
1568:
1427:
1079:
945:
634:, Gull took the chief direction of the treatment of the Prince during an attack of
596:
152:
90:
17:
1790:
Julian Fellowes Investigates: A Most Mysterious Murder – The Case of Charles Bravo
1261:
Meningitis with myelitis was found and attributed to exposure to cold or fatigue.
783:
427:
1345:
Sir William Gull features in theories and fictional works in connection with the
917:
The vacant position of Physician-in-Ordinary to Queen Victoria was filled by Dr.
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1654:
1610:
1563:
1350:
1346:
1224:
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and President of the Clinical Society. In 1871, having successfully treated the
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937:
862:
813:
662:
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463:
225:
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111:
67:
898:
Physician to Her Majesty Queen Victoria and to Albert Edward, Prince of Wales
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256:
217:
115:
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2284:
1792:– a dramatised documentary investigating the unsolved murder of barrister
1536:, a six-part mini-series in the docudrama format. The series, scripted by
948:
of France became an entailed heirloom, along with his presentation plate.
1778:
841:
592:
2811:
1196:, also of Guy's Hospital, had produced a paper on 'sporadic cretinism'.
861:
The news of Gull's death was reported around the world. American author
1036:
1035:
was referred to Sir William Gull by her doctor, a Mr Kelson Wright, of
837:
817:
646:
403:. He lived with the schoolmaster and his family, studying and teaching
395:
William now became a pupil-teacher in a school kept by a Mr. Abbott at
297: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2532:
2515:
1566:. Sickert himself later retracted the story, in an interview with the
1199:
Gull's paper related the symptoms and changed appearance of a Miss B:
910:
Placed him in the highest rank In the noble band of British Physicians
661:
on the 23rd. It transpired that the typhoid attack was complicated by
2861:
Medical Papers, Sir William Withey Gull, edited by T D Acland (1894).
1082:
and wished to take her to the south of Europe for the coming winter.
1006:
400:
94:
2733:
Stowell, Thomas (November 1970). "'Jack the Ripper' – A Solution?".
1933:"Jack the Ripper – The Life and Possible Deaths of Sir William Gull"
1044:
refusal of animal food and almost total refusal of everything else.
1748:
The fictional character "Sir Nigel Gull" appears in the 1993 novel
883:
The obituary notice in the Proceedings of the Royal Society reads:
710:
After the Prince's recovery, a service of thanksgiving was held at
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985:
794:
782:
689:
617:
426:
404:
396:
71:
2778:
MQ MAGAZINE Issue 2 – Jack the Ripper: Exploring the Masonic link
1495:'s grandson and heir presumptive to the throne. Stowell writes,
1388:
1184:
1977:"Transactions of the Clinical Society of London Volume 18 1886"
2556:"Jack the Ripper – Fort Wayne Weekly Sentinel – 24 April 1895"
1527:
1443:
900:
Physician and Lecturer and finally A Governor of this Hospital
266:
2424:
Emilio Gutierrez; Reyes Vazquez; Peter J. V. Beumont (2002).
1811:
and work on anorexia are blended into the fantasy narrative.
912:
Erected by the Governors and Medical Staff of Guy's Hospital
2848:. Dccomics.com (14 November 2007). Retrieved on 2012-04-20.
2666:"Jack the Ripper – Brooklyn Daily Eagle – 28 December 1897"
1311:
Quoted in St. Bartholomew's Hospital Reports, 1916, 52: 45.
852:
newspaper carried the following report on 30 January 1890:
110:, discovery of Gull–Sutton syndrome, seminal research into
2622:"Jack the Ripper – Williamsport Sunday Grit – 12 May 1895"
1767:
reveals Gull as the Ripper in its pilot, "A Rip in Time".
1546:
to portray an investigation into the Whitechapel murders.
1208:
A few years later, in 1888, this condition would be named
1160:
In 1873, Sir William Gull delivered a paper alongside his
384:
When William was about four years old the family moved to
1723:
as its premise. Eddie Campbell records in his blog, that
1166:"On a cretinoid state supervening in adult life in women"
787:
Sir William Withey Gull's tombstone in the churchyard at
462:. In 1841 he took his M.B. degree, and gained honours in
2087:"Life and death on the ward: the case of Helen Prideaux"
1171:
The background to Gull's work was research performed by
1027:
Anorexia Nervosa (Apepsia Hysterica, Anorexia Hysterica)
832:
Over the next two years, Gull lived at 74 Brook Street,
694:
The coat of arms of the Baronetcy of Brook Street. From
1329:
Published Writings (edited by T. D. Acland), Memoir II.
1074:
was the second case described in detail by Gull in his
799:
Bronze memorial plaque at Guy's Hospital Chapel, London
729:
The coat of arms is shown left. The Blazon of Arms is:
2578:"Jack the Ripper – Fort Wayne Gazette – 25 April 1895"
2074:. Oliphant, Anderson, & Ferrier. pp. 222–224.
1441:
published a follow-up quoting William Greer [
1168:
was to be the better known of the two for many years.
1096:
was brought to Gull's attention by a Dr. Leachman, of
780:, to assist in completing a further stage of studies.
622:
A caricature of Gull appeared in the British magazine
998:" was first established by Sir William Gull in 1873.
411:. It was at this time that he became acquainted with
2509:
2507:
1881:
The Crimes, Detection & Death of Jack the Ripper
1223:
is a condition usually resulting from injury to the
921:, the senior of the three Physicians Extraordinary.
369:
William Withey Gull was born on 31 December 1816 in
2383:
2381:
1489:
Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale
1323:
Published Writings, Volume 156, "Study of Medicine"
1292:"Fools and savages explain; wise men investigate."
1025:Five years later, in 1873, Gull published his work
614:
Baronet and Physician-in-Ordinary to Queen Victoria
173:
165:
148:
121:
102:
79:
53:
34:
2904:. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 714.
2872:William Withey Gull – A Biographical Sketch (1896)
2713:The Crimes, Detection and Death of Jack the Ripper
2600:"Jack the Ripper – Ogden Standard – 24 April 1895"
1997:
1995:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1477:, C.B.E., M.D., F.R.C.S. published an article in
1398:Variations of the second article appeared in the
1258:phlebitis extending from pelvic to spinal veins.
824:, of which the only warning had been unexplained
595:, Middlesex and died in 1922. He was educated at
3015:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom
2644:"Jack the Ripper – Hayward Review – 17 May 1895"
1010:this address, Gull referred to the condition as
1725:
1627:
1618:
1553:. This theory alleges that the Prime Minister,
1508:father's country house" of "bronchopneumonia".
1497:
1458:
1124:Gull–Sutton Syndrome (chronic Bright's disease)
963:
893:
885:
877:
867:
854:
740:
731:
684:
3035:History of mental health in the United Kingdom
1391:. It reported an alleged conversation between
951:Lady Gull was bequeathed the remainder of his
579:Cameron Gull was born about 1858 in Buckhold,
377:then moored at St Osyth Mill in the parish of
2895:"Gull, Sir William Withey, 1st Baronet"
2160:"Corresponding members in the United Kingdom"
1294:William Withey Gull – A Biographical Sketch (
442:At about this time the local rector's uncle,
431:1820 Engraving of Guy's Hospital entrance by
8:
2780:. Mqmagazine.co.uk. Retrieved on 2012-04-20.
2362:
2360:
1861:Jack the Ripper – Scotland Yard Investigates
1672:A fictionalised Sir William Gull appears in
1001:In 1868, he had delivered an address to the
649:. Initially, he was attended by Dr. Lowe of
1927:
1925:
1923:
1921:
1483:entitled "'Jack the Ripper' – A Solution?"
232:(for which he first established the name).
2908:
1807:, where accounts of his relationship with
1772:2001 film adaptation of the graphic novel
513:. In 1848, he was elected a Fellow of the
42:
31:
2531:
2292:
2178:
865:observed in his diary on 1 February 1890:
357:Learn how and when to remove this message
1680:in a plotline based on Stephen Knight's
973:are written in the margin of the entry.
2331:The Jack the Ripper Whitechapel Murders
1902:The Jack the Ripper Whitechapel Murders
1859:Stewart P Evans & Donald Rumbelow,
1820:
1317:Published Writings, "Study of Medicine"
754:, and her resident medical attendant.)
671:Great Doctors of the Nineteenth Century
2766:Jack the Ripper: The Complete Casebook
572:(1890–1960), who became headmaster of
529:in 1884. He was a Crown member of the
2516:"Sir William Withey Gull (1816–1890)"
2071:Medical Women: A Thesis and a History
1682:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution.
1341:Links to the 1888 Whitechapel murders
630:In 1871, as Physician in Ordinary to
478:In 1842, Gull was appointed to teach
7:
3020:19th-century English medical doctors
1788:portrays Sir William Gull in 2004's
1411:, California (17 May 1895); and the
1268:Earlier work by the Irish physician
295:adding citations to reliable sources
205:during a life-threatening attack of
191:Sir William Withey Gull, 1st Baronet
2825:"The Fate of the Artist: July 2009"
2253:, 2 March 1890 (reprinted from the
1777:, Sir William Gull is portrayed by
1721:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution
1663:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution
1602:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution
1586:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution
1578:Jack the Ripper: The Final Solution
1014:, but subsequently amended this to
778:London School of Medicine for Women
138:
3025:Fullerian Professors of Physiology
2085:Hussey, Kristin (5 October 2018).
1475:Dr. Thomas Eldon Alexander Stowell
1371:The first article appeared in the
1363:1895–1897 – U.S. newspaper reports
1175:in 1855 around the concept of the
676:The following passage appeared in
610:from July 1895 to September 1900.
503:Royal Institution of Great Britain
25:
2927:Fullerian Professor of Physiology
2002:Great Doctors of the 19th Century
1963:Great Doctors of the 19th Century
1692:a TV dramatisation of the murders
1686:Sir William Gull is portrayed by
745:(Without God, Labour Is In Vain).
583:, Berkshire and died in infancy.
499:Fullerian Professor of Physiology
199:Fullerian Professor of Physiology
2945:Baronetage of the United Kingdom
2885:Dictionary of National Biography
2846:Hellblazer: Bloodlines | Vertigo
2012:, Sir William Hale-White, p. 217
1731:The story "Royal Blood" told in
1678:White Chappell, Scarlet Tracings
1522:Jack the Ripper (1973 TV series)
1237:Cervical paraplegia – hemiplegia
977:Contributions to medical science
511:Fullerian Professor of Chemistry
271:
255:(2001), the latter based on the
2768:, Donald Rumbelow, pp. 212, 213
2043:. 23 January 1872. p. 231.
1961:Sir William Hale-White (1935).
1799:Gull appears as a character in
282:needs additional citations for
134:
3030:Heads of psychiatric hospitals
591:was born on 6 January 1860 in
1:
2445:10.1016/S1471-0153(01)00051-4
1248:Charles-Édouard Brown-Séquard
1187:in 1859, and who showed that
758:Support for women in medicine
562:Sir Henry Acland, 1st Baronet
27:English physician (1816–1890)
3050:Physicians of Guy's Hospital
3045:Fellows of the Royal Society
2879:"Gull, William Withey"
2827:. Eddiecampbell.blogspot.com
2791:"Freemasonry and the Ripper"
1108:and shows a clear recovery.
925:Will, executors and bequests
870:and literally cheated Death.
3000:People from Thorpe-le-Soken
2501:Medical Papers, pp. 163–243
2492:Medical Papers, pp. 109–162
2405:Medical Papers, pp. 307–309
2396:Medical Papers, pp. 305–307
2387:Medical Papers, pp. 311–314
1841:Jack the Ripper – The Facts
1003:British Medical Association
836:and also had homes at both
515:Royal College of Physicians
36:Sir William Withey Gull, Bt
3066:
2920:William Benjamin Carpenter
2723:, Martin Fido, pp. 190–191
2068:Jex-Blake, Sophia (1886).
1904:. Ten Bells. p. 170.
1635:Popular culture since 1976
1583:
1519:
1374:Fort Wayne Weekly Sentinel
1355:
1216:Spinal cord and paraplegia
535:Clinical Society of London
497:In 1847, Gull was elected
379:Saint Leonards, Shoreditch
2968:
2962:(of Brook Street, London)
2955:
2950:
2943:
2933:
2924:
2916:
2911:
1439:Fort Wayne Weekly Gazette
1380:Fort Wayne Weekly Gazette
971:"Double Probate Jan 1897"
724:Baronetcy of Brook Street
470:, medicine, and surgery.
184:
158:
41:
2972:Sir William Cameron Gull
2167:Trans Med Chir Soc Edinb
1979:. Clinical Society. 1885
1900:Kevin O'Donnell (1997).
1470:article (Thomas Stowell)
1401:Williamsport Sunday Grit
1383:(25 April 1895) and the
1358:Jack the Ripper suspects
1123:
834:Grosvenor Square, London
423:Early career in medicine
263:Childhood and early life
2901:Encyclopædia Britannica
2320:, London, 21 March 1890
2222:, 12 March 1890, page 3
2147:British Medical Journal
2135:British Medical Journal
2123:British Medical Journal
2111:British Medical Journal
1593:was a reporter for the
1335:British Medical Journal
1304:British Medical Journal
1278:Moritz Heinrich Romberg
531:General Medical Council
527:University of Edinburgh
523:University of Cambridge
3010:Physicians-in-Ordinary
3005:People from Colchester
2812:Jack the Ripper (1988)
2514:J.M.S. Pearce (2006).
2366:Medical Papers, p. 310
2285:10.1136/bmj.1.1526.738
2267:Finlayson, J. (1890).
1729:
1632:
1623:
1596:East London Advertiser
1501:
1463:
1393:William Greer Harrison
1206:
1068:
1058:
991:
967:
919:Richard Douglas Powell
915:
889:
881:
872:
859:
800:
792:
765:Frances Helen Prideaux
747:
736:
707:
688:
627:
521:in 1869, LL.D. of the
439:
2232:Mark Twain's Notebook
1377:(24 April 1895), the
1280:(1851) had described
1229:On the nervous system
1201:
1066:
1053:
989:
902:Born 1816, Died 1890.
798:
786:
693:
682:on 18 December 1871:
621:
430:
2937:Thomas Wharton Jones
2688:""Jack the Ripper",
2220:The Brisbane Courier
1456:on 26 January 1896:
1414:Brooklyn Daily Eagle
1194:Charles Hilton Fagge
1179:and subsequently by
822:cerebral haemorrhage
604:Member of Parliament
588:William Cameron Gull
550:Theodore Dyke Acland
460:University of London
291:improve this article
2414:Medical Papers, 309
2024:on 18 December 1871
1965:. pp. 208–226.
1761:The 1997 TV series
1647:Christopher Plummer
1404:(12 May 1895); the
1270:Robert Bentley Todd
944:, widow of Emperor
712:St Paul's Cathedral
632:the Prince of Wales
541:Marriage and family
525:in 1880 and of the
474:Professional career
468:comparative anatomy
446:, the Treasurer of
18:William Withey Gull
2690:Fort Wayne Gazette
2520:European Neurology
2251:The New York Times
2208:The New York Times
2137:, 7 September 1895
2113:, 27 February 1886
2055:The New York Times
2040:The London Gazette
1809:Eadweard Muybridge
1112:starvation alone.
1102:pneumonic phthisis
1069:
1016:Anorexia hysterica
992:
801:
793:
752:Sir William Jenner
708:
697:The New York Times
667:William Hale-White
659:Sir William Jenner
628:
440:
2978:
2977:
2969:Succeeded by
2934:Succeeded by
2912:Academic offices
2735:The Criminologist
2533:10.1159/000091430
2240:978-1-4067-3689-2
2198:, 30 January 1890
2125:, 16 January 1886
1830:, 30 January 1890
1786:Peter Penry-Jones
1751:The List of Seven
1557:, conspired with
1516:(BBC mini-series)
1480:The Criminologist
1419:Robert James Lees
1012:Apepsia hysterica
804:Illness and death
700:, reprinted from
643:Sandringham House
444:Benjamin Harrison
367:
366:
359:
341:
188:
187:
160:Scientific career
16:(Redirected from
3057:
2917:Preceded by
2909:
2905:
2897:
2889:
2881:
2849:
2843:
2837:
2836:
2834:
2832:
2821:
2815:
2809:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2798:
2787:
2781:
2775:
2769:
2763:
2757:
2753:The Sunday Times
2749:
2743:
2742:
2730:
2724:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2701:
2699:
2684:
2678:
2677:
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2611:
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2574:
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2565:
2563:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2535:
2511:
2502:
2499:
2493:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2433:Eating Behaviors
2430:
2421:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2403:
2397:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2376:
2373:
2367:
2364:
2355:
2348:
2342:
2329:Kevin O'Donnell
2327:
2321:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2296:
2279:(1526): 738–44.
2264:
2258:
2248:
2242:
2229:
2223:
2217:
2211:
2205:
2199:
2191:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2164:
2156:
2150:
2149:, 27 August 1898
2144:
2138:
2132:
2126:
2120:
2114:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2065:
2059:
2051:
2045:
2044:
2031:
2025:
2019:
2013:
1999:
1990:
1988:
1986:
1984:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1958:
1945:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1929:
1916:
1915:
1897:
1891:
1877:
1871:
1857:
1851:
1837:
1831:
1825:
1734:John Constantine
1642:Murder by Decree
1580:(Stephen Knight)
1337:, 1874, 2: 425.
1306:, 1874, 2: 425.
1177:Milieu intérieur
1162:Anorexia nervosa
1130:Bright's Disease
1076:Anorexia nervosa
1020:Anorexia nervosa
996:anorexia nervosa
982:Anorexia nervosa
875:biblical quote:
820:was caused by a
812:. The attack of
791:, Essex, England
750:physician, then
743:Sine Deo Frustra
601:Liberal Unionist
437:William Woolnoth
362:
355:
351:
348:
342:
340:
299:
275:
267:
230:anorexia nervosa
222:Bright's disease
142:
140:
136:
108:anorexia nervosa
86:
64:31 December 1816
63:
61:
46:
32:
21:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3059:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3054:
3040:Jack the Ripper
2980:
2979:
2974:
2965:
2960:
2939:
2930:
2922:
2892:
2876:
2868:
2858:
2853:
2852:
2844:
2840:
2830:
2828:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2810:
2806:
2796:
2794:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2776:
2772:
2764:
2760:
2750:
2746:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2711:
2707:
2697:
2695:
2686:
2685:
2681:
2671:
2669:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2649:
2647:
2642:
2641:
2637:
2627:
2625:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2605:
2603:
2598:
2597:
2593:
2583:
2581:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2561:
2559:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2513:
2512:
2505:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2473:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2428:
2423:
2422:
2418:
2413:
2409:
2404:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2358:
2354:1868;ii:171–176
2349:
2345:
2328:
2324:
2314:
2310:
2266:
2265:
2261:
2249:
2245:
2234:, Albert Paine
2230:
2226:
2218:
2214:
2206:
2202:
2192:
2188:
2162:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2121:
2117:
2109:
2105:
2095:
2093:
2084:
2083:
2079:
2067:
2066:
2062:
2058:, 2 March 1890.
2052:
2048:
2033:
2032:
2028:
2020:
2016:
2000:
1993:
1982:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1959:
1948:
1938:
1936:
1931:
1930:
1919:
1912:
1899:
1898:
1894:
1878:
1874:
1858:
1854:
1838:
1834:
1826:
1822:
1817:
1803:'s 2012 novel,
1651:Sherlock Holmes
1637:
1588:
1582:
1533:Jack the Ripper
1524:
1518:
1514:Jack the Ripper
1472:
1432:Thorpe-le-Soken
1365:
1360:
1343:
1290:
1218:
1158:
1126:
984:
979:
942:Empress Eugénie
927:
914:
911:
909:
907:
905:
903:
901:
899:
897:
806:
789:Thorpe-le-Soken
760:
706:of London, 1872
616:
570:Theodore Acland
543:
509:, at that time
507:Michael Faraday
476:
425:
386:Thorpe-le-Soken
363:
352:
346:
343:
300:
298:
288:
276:
265:
246:Jack the Ripper
241:Jack the Ripper
203:Prince of Wales
144:
132:
128:
98:
91:74 Brook Street
88:
84:
83:29 January 1890
75:
65:
59:
57:
49:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3063:
3061:
3053:
3052:
3047:
3042:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2982:
2981:
2976:
2975:
2970:
2967:
2954:
2948:
2947:
2941:
2940:
2935:
2932:
2923:
2918:
2914:
2913:
2907:
2906:
2890:
2874:
2867:
2866:External links
2864:
2863:
2862:
2857:
2854:
2851:
2850:
2838:
2816:
2804:
2793:. Casebook.org
2782:
2770:
2758:
2756:, 18 June 1978
2744:
2725:
2705:
2679:
2657:
2635:
2613:
2591:
2569:
2547:
2503:
2494:
2485:
2476:
2467:
2458:
2439:(2): 133–142.
2416:
2407:
2398:
2389:
2377:
2368:
2356:
2343:
2322:
2308:
2259:
2243:
2224:
2212:
2210:, 2 March 1890
2200:
2186:
2173:: viii. 1884.
2151:
2139:
2127:
2115:
2103:
2077:
2060:
2046:
2026:
2014:
1991:
1968:
1946:
1917:
1910:
1892:
1872:
1852:
1832:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1813:
1717:Eddie Campbell
1676:'s 1987 novel
1636:
1633:
1591:Stephen Knight
1584:Main article:
1581:
1574:
1559:Queen Victoria
1555:Lord Salisbury
1551:Walter Sickert
1543:Softly, Softly
1520:Main article:
1517:
1510:
1493:Queen Victoria
1471:
1464:
1385:Ogden Standard
1364:
1361:
1342:
1339:
1289:
1286:
1282:Tabes dorsalis
1217:
1214:
1212:by W. M. Ord.
1173:Claude Bernard
1157:
1154:
1137:Richard Bright
1125:
1122:
983:
980:
978:
975:
926:
923:
894:
805:
802:
759:
756:
738:The Motto is:
720:Queen Victoria
718:, attended by
716:City of London
615:
612:
574:Norwich School
542:
539:
480:materia medica
475:
472:
448:Guy's Hospital
424:
421:
365:
364:
306:"William Gull"
279:
277:
270:
264:
261:
211:Queen Victoria
195:Guy's Hospital
186:
185:
182:
181:
178:Guy's Hospital
175:
171:
170:
167:
163:
162:
156:
155:
150:
146:
145:
130:
127:Susan Ann Lacy
126:
125:
123:
119:
118:
104:
103:Known for
100:
99:
89:
87:(aged 73)
81:
77:
76:
66:
55:
51:
50:
47:
39:
38:
35:
26:
24:
14:
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3026:
3023:
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3018:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2987:
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2762:
2759:
2755:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2726:
2722:
2721:0-297-79136-2
2718:
2714:
2709:
2706:
2693:
2692:, 2 May 1895"
2691:
2683:
2680:
2667:
2661:
2658:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2623:
2617:
2614:
2601:
2595:
2592:
2579:
2573:
2570:
2557:
2551:
2548:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2521:
2517:
2510:
2508:
2504:
2498:
2495:
2489:
2486:
2480:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2462:
2459:
2454:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2417:
2411:
2408:
2402:
2399:
2393:
2390:
2384:
2382:
2378:
2372:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2344:
2340:
2339:0-9531269-1-9
2336:
2332:
2326:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2263:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2228:
2225:
2221:
2216:
2213:
2209:
2204:
2201:
2197:
2196:
2190:
2187:
2181:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2161:
2155:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2140:
2136:
2131:
2128:
2124:
2119:
2116:
2112:
2107:
2104:
2092:
2088:
2081:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2064:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2050:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2018:
2015:
2011:
2010:0-8369-1575-5
2007:
2003:
1998:
1996:
1992:
1978:
1972:
1969:
1964:
1957:
1955:
1953:
1951:
1947:
1934:
1928:
1926:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1913:
1911:0-9531269-1-9
1907:
1903:
1896:
1893:
1890:
1889:0-297-79136-2
1886:
1882:
1879:Martin Fido,
1876:
1873:
1870:
1869:0-7509-4228-2
1866:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1849:1-86105-687-7
1846:
1842:
1836:
1833:
1829:
1824:
1821:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1801:Brian Catling
1797:
1795:
1794:Charles Bravo
1791:
1787:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1775:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1746:
1744:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1728:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1703:
1701:
1697:
1696:Michael Caine
1693:
1689:
1684:
1683:
1679:
1675:
1674:Iain Sinclair
1670:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1659:Doctor Watson
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1643:
1634:
1631:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1612:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1547:
1545:
1544:
1539:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1526:In 1973, the
1523:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1505:
1500:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1481:
1476:
1469:
1468:Criminologist
1465:
1462:
1457:
1455:
1450:
1449:London People
1446:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1420:
1416:
1415:
1410:
1408:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1381:
1376:
1375:
1369:
1362:
1359:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1340:
1338:
1336:
1331:
1330:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1318:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1298:), Memoir II.
1297:
1287:
1285:
1283:
1279:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1259:
1255:
1251:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1238:
1234:
1230:
1226:
1222:
1215:
1213:
1211:
1205:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1189:thyroidectomy
1186:
1182:
1181:Moritz Schiff
1178:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1163:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1141:
1138:
1133:
1131:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1052:
1049:
1045:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1028:
1023:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1004:
999:
997:
988:
981:
976:
974:
972:
966:
962:
959:
956:
954:
949:
947:
943:
939:
934:
930:
924:
922:
920:
913:
892:
888:
884:
880:
876:
871:
866:
864:
858:
853:
851:
850:
845:
843:
839:
835:
830:
827:
823:
819:
815:
811:
810:Killiecrankie
803:
797:
790:
785:
781:
779:
773:
769:
766:
757:
755:
753:
746:
744:
739:
735:
730:
727:
725:
721:
717:
713:
705:
704:
699:
698:
692:
687:
683:
681:
680:
674:
672:
668:
664:
660:
656:
655:Oscar Clayton
652:
648:
644:
639:
637:
636:typhoid fever
633:
625:
620:
613:
611:
609:
605:
602:
598:
594:
590:
589:
584:
582:
577:
575:
571:
567:
563:
560:, the son of
559:
555:
551:
546:
540:
538:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
519:Royal Society
516:
512:
508:
504:
500:
495:
492:
488:
484:
481:
473:
471:
469:
465:
461:
455:
451:
449:
445:
438:
434:
429:
422:
420:
416:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
393:
389:
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
361:
358:
350:
339:
336:
332:
329:
325:
322:
318:
315:
311:
308: –
307:
303:
302:Find sources:
296:
292:
286:
285:
280:This section
278:
274:
269:
268:
262:
260:
258:
257:graphic novel
254:
253:
248:
247:
242:
238:
233:
231:
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
207:typhoid fever
204:
200:
196:
192:
183:
179:
176:
172:
168:
164:
161:
157:
154:
151:
147:
124:
120:
117:
113:
109:
105:
101:
96:
92:
82:
78:
73:
69:
56:
52:
45:
40:
33:
30:
19:
2963:
2956:
2952:New creation
2951:
2925:
2899:
2888:. 1885–1900.
2883:
2856:Bibliography
2841:
2829:. Retrieved
2819:
2807:
2795:. Retrieved
2785:
2773:
2765:
2761:
2751:
2747:
2738:
2734:
2728:
2712:
2708:
2696:. Retrieved
2689:
2682:
2670:. Retrieved
2660:
2648:. Retrieved
2638:
2626:. Retrieved
2616:
2604:. Retrieved
2594:
2582:. Retrieved
2572:
2560:. Retrieved
2550:
2526:(1): 53–56.
2523:
2519:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2461:
2436:
2432:
2419:
2410:
2401:
2392:
2371:
2351:
2346:
2330:
2325:
2315:
2311:
2276:
2272:
2262:
2255:London World
2254:
2250:
2246:
2231:
2227:
2219:
2215:
2207:
2203:
2193:
2189:
2170:
2166:
2154:
2146:
2142:
2134:
2130:
2122:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2094:. Retrieved
2090:
2080:
2070:
2063:
2053:
2049:
2038:
2029:
2021:
2017:
2001:
1981:. Retrieved
1971:
1962:
1937:. Retrieved
1901:
1895:
1883:pp. 185–196
1880:
1875:
1860:
1855:
1843:pp. 395–396
1840:
1835:
1827:
1823:
1804:
1798:
1789:
1783:
1779:Sir Ian Holm
1773:
1769:
1762:
1760:
1749:
1747:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1720:
1706:
1704:
1700:Jane Seymour
1688:Ray McAnally
1685:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1662:
1640:
1638:
1628:
1624:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1600:
1594:
1589:
1577:
1569:Sunday Times
1567:
1548:
1541:
1531:
1525:
1513:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1485:
1478:
1473:
1467:
1459:
1453:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1436:
1428:Kensal Green
1412:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1384:
1378:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1344:
1334:
1332:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1308:
1303:
1301:
1296:T. D. Acland
1293:
1291:
1267:
1263:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1219:
1209:
1207:
1202:
1198:
1170:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1134:
1127:
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1084:
1080:tuberculosis
1075:
1071:
1070:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1032:
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289:Please help
284:verification
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174:Institutions
159:
153:Cameron Gull
85:(1890-01-29)
48:Gull c. 1860
29:
2995:1890 deaths
2990:1816 births
2035:"No. 23821"
1989:archive.org
1839:Paul Begg,
1715:and artist
1694:, starring
1690:in 1988 in
1667:John Netley
1655:James Mason
1645:, starring
1611:Home Office
1564:John Netley
1538:Elwyn Jones
1434:in Essex.)
1347:Whitechapel
1274:Ernest Horn
1225:spinal cord
1098:Petersfield
1041:amenorrhoea
826:haemoptysis
624:Vanity Fair
433:James Elmes
249:(1988) and
2984:Categories
2966:1872–1890
2931:1848–1851
2814:. IMDb.com
2694:. Casebook
2668:. Casebook
2646:. Casebook
2624:. Casebook
2602:. Casebook
2580:. Casebook
2558:. Casebook
2091:RCP Museum
1983:23 October
1935:. Casebook
1815:References
1756:Mark Frost
1738:Hellblazer
1713:Alan Moore
1711:by writer
1530:broadcast
1454:The People
1356:See also:
1351:Freemasons
1233:Paraplegia
1221:Paraplegia
994:The term "
969:The words
938:amanuensis
863:Mark Twain
814:hemiplegia
663:bronchitis
651:Kings Lynn
608:Barnstaple
581:Pangbourne
464:physiology
371:Colchester
317:newspapers
226:paraplegia
112:paraplegia
106:Naming of
68:Colchester
60:1816-12-31
2317:The Times
2195:The Times
2022:The Times
1828:The Times
1805:The Vorrh
1796:in 1876.
1774:From Hell
1743:DC Comics
1708:From Hell
1424:Islington
1210:myxoedema
1156:Myxoedema
849:The Times
703:The Times
679:The Times
606:(MP) for
375:The Dove,
252:From Hell
218:myxoedema
116:myxoedema
97:, England
74:, England
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2341:, p. 179
2303:20752999
2096:13 March
2004:(1935);
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842:Brighton
593:Finsbury
180:, London
169:Medicine
149:Children
2958:Baronet
2831:3 April
2797:3 April
2698:3 April
2672:3 April
2650:3 April
2628:3 April
2606:3 April
2584:3 April
2562:3 April
2333:(1997)
2294:2207643
2273:The BMJ
2180:5499423
1939:3 April
1863:p. 261
1764:Timecop
1741:(1992,
1576:1976 –
1512:1973 –
1466:1970 –
1407:Hayward
1056:thirty.
1037:Clapham
838:Reigate
818:aphasia
714:in the
653:and by
647:Norfolk
501:at the
331:scholar
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1072:Miss B
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166:Fields
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2741:(18).
2429:(PDF)
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554:Oxon.
409:Greek
405:Latin
397:Lewes
338:JSTOR
324:books
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2833:2010
2799:2010
2717:ISBN
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2652:2010
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2608:2010
2586:2010
2564:2010
2538:PMID
2449:PMID
2335:ISBN
2299:PMID
2236:ISBN
2098:2023
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1941:2010
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1885:ISBN
1865:ISBN
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