560:. Lamberton saw his oath to Edward II as a necessity and extorted from him under duress, and therefore invalid. During his time in England, Lamberton stayed near the Tweed so that he could maintain connections with the parts of his diocese under English rule. Lamberton also wrote a letter to Philip of France asking for the King to help him gain freedom from England. Lamberton attended negotiations in 1309 as an "English" envoy, and his skill as a diplomat helped him to keep on good terms with both Edward and Robert. Lamberton would never again collaborate with the English and Edward even attempted to have him ousted from the See of St Andrews in 1318 by writing letters to the Pope charging Lamberton with treason. However, Edward's efforts failed.
906:
523:
in 1297 and as such
Lamberton supported Wallace. Lamberton's clergy publicly denounced the English and supported Wallace. Lamberton ordered his Diocese's officials to divert Church funds to Wallace's campaign and urged Wallace to continue to fight England. After the defeat at Falkirk Wallace resigned
503:
In a letter to
Scottish leaders dated 6 April 1299 Philip IV commended Lamberton's efforts and declared he would assist Scotland. Despite the Bishop's pleas, he did not send a military force to Scotland. Lamberton returned to France in 1301, and then in 1302, to keep pressing for France's support in
532:
After forming close ties with Bruce during his time as
Guardian, Lamberton saw him as a potential leader of a fight for independence. On 11 June 1304 Lamberton and Bruce formed a band "to resist prudently attacks by rivals...to be of one another's council in all their business and affairs at all
344:
William
Lamberton however most probably originated from the settlement of Lamberton, near Berwick in the Scottish Borders where the family held large estates (Logan Mack 1926). The name Lamberton here was derived from the Germanic name Lambert, whilst Lambroughton, sometimes spelt Lamberton, is
322:
310:, but holding lands in north-east Scotland by the late twelfth century and later in Stirlingshire also. Details of his birth, education, and early career are not certain; he had certainly received a university education by early 1293 and become a canon of
540:
and his uncle in the
Greyfriars Church on 10 February 1306. Less than seven weeks later, Bruce was crowned King of Scots in Scone Abbey on 25 March 1306. Lamberton and Wishart jointly conducted the coronation. Bruce was crowned again a few days later by
575:
Lamberton and three other bishops were summoned to
Avignon to explain their actions but chose to defy the summonses. Lamberton was excommunicated on 16 June 1320. King Robert and the Community of the Realm sent three separate replies to
584:, is the most famous. However, although the Declaration of Arbroath received some positive response, because of English pressure, the pope continued the excommunications and interdict although thanks to a personal plea at Avignon by
412:
and died while imprisoned by King Edward I. Lamberton protected
Douglas and took him to court to petition unsuccessfully for the return of his estates. James Douglas later became one of the closest friends of Robert the Bruce.
372:
who saw
Lamberton as a potential ally and supporter of Independence, likely due to Lamberton's close ties with Bishop Wishart, who was a staunch supporter of Independence. St Andrews was then the wealthiest and most powerful
556:. The bishop was released in August, 1308 on onerous terms and was free to return to Scotland. He promised to pursue the King's enemies, pay a ransom of ÂŁ6000 in installments and remain within the boundaries of the See of
384:
The
English would later charge Wallace with forcing the Chapter of Saint Andrews into electing Lamberton although evidence suggests that Lamberton was a popular candidate amongst the Chapter attracting the support of
365:. Lamberton appears to have been a very odd choice for a Bishop as he was very young at the time. However, according to Scottish historian Geoffrey Barrow Lamberton landed the position of Bishop due to then
817:
596:
Bishop
William de Lamberton died on 20 May 1328, 18 days after England officially recognized that Scotland was a fully sovereign, independent state. He was buried on the north side of the high altar of
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511:
in 1299. His role was to act as a third, senior, but neutral party between the two enemies. He would hold the position until 1301 and during his term he formed a close friendship with Bruce.
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Both Lamberton and Bishop Wishart of Glasgow are said to have assured Bruce that should he make a move for Kingship they would not try to stop him. Bruce and his companions killed the
283:
of Glasgow conducted the coronation of Robert the Bruce as King Robert I. Lamberton would go on to have a vital role in the formulation of the Declaration of the Clergy 1310 and the
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1228:
1218:
810:
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Upon becoming bishop, Lamberton found himself in control of the diocese's vast funds; he used them to fund the war against England. He would also act as an important
803:
545:. Lamberton and Wishart were arrested and put in irons for their roles in Bruce's coronation and transported to London where they were imprisoned. "Only their
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Bishop Lamberton's diplomatic abilities were later recognised by the Scottish Magnates when he was chosen as a third Guardian, alongside Robert Bruce and
1185:
1123:
1118:
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Wallace had resigned in 1298 and been succeeded in the same year by Bruce and Comyn. Lamberton was appointed as a 'neutral' third successor in 1299.
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318:. He seems to have been sent abroad for further study by Bishop Robert Wishart of Glasgow, probably in the year or two before July 1295.
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by Rome for his role in the Wars of Independence along with Robert I and the Clergy of Scotland. However, he was reconciled with the
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40:
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185:
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Lamberton owed his position largely to the efforts of William Wallace who had been made sole Guardian of Scotland after the
1189:
306:
Details from the National Dictionary of Biography do seem to clarify his origins in the Lamberton family, originally from
268:
1223:
484:. As early as June 1298 Lamberton had won victories for the Scottish cause; his activities led both the King of France
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890:
955:
224:
567:
served as the Scottish negotiators in 1323 when a thirteen-year truce was agreed to between Scotland and England.
472:
for Scotland. Lamberton remained a supporter of Scotland's independence and was even excommunicated for his role.
1182:
520:
480:
When being consecrated as bishop, Lamberton went to France to build support for Scotland in the French Court and
276:
60:
826:
314:. By the time of his appearance at King John's (Baliol) first parliament in February 1293 he was chancellor of
637:
504:
the war. Lamberton clearly formed a bond with Philip - the French king intervened several times for Scotland.
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1071:
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333:
The Lamberton surname is recorded in one source as having a close association with the ancient Barony of
1010:
777:
267:
from 1297 (consecrated 1298) until his death. Lamberton is renowned for his influential role during the
50:
533:
times...without any deceit" This bond marked Bishop William's switch from supporting Balliol to Bruce.
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G.W.S Barrow, Robert Bruce & The community of The Realm of Scotland, (Edinburgh, 1988), Pg 94
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279:. As Bishop of St Andrews, the most powerful seat in Scotland, Bishop Lamberton along with
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saved them from hanging." Lamberton was later charged with treason against Edward.
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in 1325, the pope did at least acknowledge Robert the Bruce as King of Scots.
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537:
711:. Edinburgh, Scotland: Edinburgh University Press. pp. 223, 240, 241.
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the guardianship. Lamberton continued to support Scottish Independence.
441:
429:
311:
1186:
Archbishops of St Andrews, Bishops of St Andrews, Dunkeld and Dunblane
393:
on 1 June 1298, before joining other Scots on a diplomatic mission to
39:
935:
925:
394:
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catapulting Lamberton straight into the highest circles in Scotland.
295:
735:
McNaught, Duncan (1912). Kilmaurs Parish and Burgh. Pub. A.Gardner.
496:
to halt his attacks on Scotland. It led to Scotland's deposed king
433:
320:
638:"Bishop William Lamberton", People of Medieval Scotland Resource
390:
799:
552:
After Edward I's death Lamberton later swore fealty to his son
682:
Watt, D.E.R., Medieval Church Councils in Scotland, at p. 107
671:
Robert Bruce & The community of The Realm of Scotland
740:
Robert Bruce and the Community of The Realm Of Scotland.
709:
Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland
1249:
Scottish people of the Wars of Scottish Independence
1132:
1064:
913:
833:
218:
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153:
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125:
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345:derived from a corruption of the clan McLamroch.
424:, and the fortified manor houses at Inchmurdo,
500:being handed over into papal custody in 1299.
811:
696:. New York: Peter Bedrick Books. p. 204.
271:. He campaigned for the national cause under
8:
1234:14th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
1229:People excommunicated by the Catholic Church
1219:13th-century Scottish Roman Catholic bishops
580:; the last group's letter, now known as the
132:Possibly Ayrshire or Lamberton, near Berwick
287:which would lead to Scottish Independence.
818:
804:
796:
759:
656:
654:
38:
20:
389:and William Comyn. He was consecrated in
633:
631:
629:
1193:Archbishops of St Andrews and Edinburgh
625:
745:St. Andrews - Bishop William Lamberton
614:A History of the Lands of Lambroughton
827:Bishops and archbishops of St Andrews
7:
155:Guardian of the Kingdom of Scotland
586:Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray
571:Excommunication and Reconciliation
565:Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray
406:William the Hardy, Lord of Douglas
14:
660:Palgrave,Docs.Hist.Scot.,332,339.
904:
408:had joined the Scots during the
290:During his tenure Lamberton was
694:Robert the Bruce, King of Scots
404:as his squire, Douglas' father
329:of Bishop William de Lamberton.
98:Chancellor of Glasgow Cathedral
65:
707:Barrow, Geoffrey W.S. (1988).
400:Bishop Lamberton took a young
1:
692:Scott, Ronald McNair (1988).
269:Scottish Wars of Independence
1133:Post-Reformation archbishops
834:Known pre-Norman era bishops
337:, Ayrshire and the Lands of
1082:James Stewart, Duke of Ross
1065:Pre-Reformation archbishops
460:Role in War of Independence
353:He was appointed Bishop of
1265:
673:, (Edinburgh, 1988), p.153
528:Ties with Robert the Bruce
416:William Lamberton rebuilt
259:, sometimes modernized as
1178:
902:
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521:Battle of Stirling Bridge
410:First War of Independence
263:, (died 20 May 1328) was
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246:
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164:
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37:
30:
914:Scoto-Norman era bishops
961:Geoffrey de Liberatione
582:Declaration of Arbroath
349:Bishop of Saint Andrews
285:Declaration of Arbroath
1181:Afterwards, see also:
418:St. Andrew's Cathedral
330:
1244:Guardians of Scotland
1239:Bishops of St Andrews
778:Bishop of St. Andrews
755:James Lord of Douglas
563:Lamberton along with
422:castle of St Andrew's
324:
281:Bishop Robert Wishart
173:Serving with
51:Roman Catholic Church
1036:Walter de Danielston
1016:William de Landallis
1001:William de Lamberton
976:Robert de Stuteville
966:William de Malveisin
941:Richard the Chaplain
750:Ancestry - Lamberton
599:St Andrews Cathedral
302:Birth and early life
265:Bishop of St Andrews
257:William de Lamberton
194:Ingram de Umfraville
159:(Second Interregnum)
115:Matteo d'Acquasparta
32:Bishop of St Andrews
1224:13th-century births
1041:Gilbert de Greenlaw
514:
490:Pope Boniface VIII
359:Pope Boniface VIII
331:
298:before his death.
1201:
1200:
1155:John Spottiswoode
1150:George Gledstanes
1087:Alexander Stewart
956:Roger de Beaumont
946:Hugh the Chaplain
794:
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785:Succeeded by
763:Religious titles
738:Barrow, Geoffrey
361:in succession to
316:Glasgow Cathedral
261:William Lamberton
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25:William Lamberton
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1165:Alexander Burnet
971:David de Bernham
921:Turgot of Durham
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768:Preceded by
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669:Barrow, G.W.S.,
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635:
601:on 7 June 1328.
543:Isabella MacDuff
387:Nicholas Balmyle
277:Robert the Bruce
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178:Robert the Bruce
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121:Personal details
95:Previous post(s)
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991:William Wishart
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611:Lambroughton
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498:John Balliol
492:to pressure
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339:Lambroughton
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308:Berwickshire
305:
289:
260:
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220:Succeeded by
166:
108:Consecration
18:
1214:1328 deaths
1170:Arthur Rose
1160:James Sharp
951:John Scotus
866:Máel Ísu II
482:Papal Curia
357:in 1298 by
208:Preceded by
197:(1300–1301)
189:(1298–1301)
181:(1298–1300)
141:30 May 1328
111:1 June 1298
75:Predecessor
1208:Categories
1006:James Bane
861:Máel Muire
856:Cellach II
851:Máel Ísu I
788:James Bane
620:References
509:John Comyn
355:St Andrews
275:and later
89:James Bane
61:St Andrews
1183:Episcopal
1112:Cardinal
1096:Cardinal
886:Fothad II
876:Máel Dúin
841:Cellach I
554:Edward II
538:Red Comyn
486:Philip IV
476:Diplomacy
171:1299–1301
167:In office
85:Successor
70:1297–1328
67:In office
846:Fothad I
605:See also
494:Edward I
466:diplomat
450:Lasswade
446:Monymusk
438:Muckhart
426:Monimail
379:Scotland
367:Guardian
335:Kilmaurs
113:by
986:Gamelin
896:CathrĂłe
881:TĂşathal
730:Sources
442:Kettins
430:Dairsie
312:Glasgow
129:unknown
57:Diocese
1195:(etc.)
936:Ernald
926:Eadmer
715:
558:Durham
547:Orders
452:, and
420:, the
395:France
296:Papacy
103:Orders
47:Church
891:Giric
871:AilĂn
592:Death
470:envoy
434:Torry
713:ISBN
488:and
468:and
454:Stow
391:Rome
327:seal
325:The
138:Died
126:Born
377:in
375:See
236:a.
1210::
653:^
628:^
456:.
448:,
444:,
440:,
436:,
432:,
428:,
397:.
341:.
819:e
812:t
805:v
721:.
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