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constructing approximately 25 acres (10 ha) of new aquatic and wetland habitat plantings. Also, approximately 5,000 feet (1,500 m) of shoreline was restored, deep holes were created to locally diversify the lake bottom, and herbicidal and biological controls were implemented to control aquatic and shoreline exotic and undesirable plant species. While for many years it was commonplace for park visitors to feed the ducks and other birds that lived at the lake, this produced an unnaturally and unsustainably large population, as well as many non-native birds such as domesticated breeds of ducks and geese. It is no longer permitted that visitors feed wildlife and as a result the populations have dropped to a sustainable and natural population.
513:. Eighty years ago, the renowned naturalist Donald Culross Peattie described Wolf Lake as one of North America's preeminent natural areas, "…a famous hunting ground for aquatic wildlife...where the plants form one of the most remarkable assemblages of aquatics in the country...no body of water of equal size can boast such a list." It is still an extremely unusual and diverse area. On August 23, 2002, more than 150 experts in botany, zoology and related ecological fields assembled at Wolf Lake and in the surrounding forest, prairie and marshland to identify and record as many living organisms as possible within a single 24-hour period. The purpose of this undertaking, known as the
359:) and various railroad and industrial facilities are located in former wetlands on the northeastern side of the lake where it once connected to Lake Michigan. There are currently proposals to reopen a channel between Wolf Lake and Lake Michigan. The Illinois portion of the lake consists of five, interconnected impoundments separated by dikes. The dikes were constructed in the late 1950s so that separate portions of the lake could be drained for the purpose of dredging for fill to use in the construction of the Chicago Skyway. The western impoundments are now part of the
39:
367:. The Wolf Lake water level determines the drainage to Lake Michigan because the connecting Calumet River flows southward during elevated levels and northward during lowered levels. The Indiana portion of the lake consists of three, interconnected impoundments that are also separated by dikes. The longest dike, running roughly parallel to State Line Road and traversing the entire length of the lake, contains railroad tracks belonging to the Indiana Harbor Belt.
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604:) may all be found on the lake in winter. Tundra swans are absent in summer as they migrate to the arctic and subarctic to nest, however, the non-native, Eurasian Mute swans, which stay in the area year round, compete for habitat with the non-migrating Trumpeter swan population and is an impediment to restoration of the native trumpeters around the
26:
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and the City of
Hammond. Completed in September 2007, the project sought to improve the overall quality of the lake ecosystem for native species. Natural water levels in the lake were restored by clearing channels and creating openings in dikes and causeways. Additional habitat was created by
394:
side of the lake in the
Hegewisch community area. Calumet Avenue (U.S. 41) is on its eastern side, with a strip of parkland in between. There are currently several large industrial properties adjacent to the lake and on filled wetlands adjoining the lake, including
427:. There was also another lake that lay to the west between Wolf Lake and the river. It was called Hyde Lake and was filled in by Republic Steel. A swampy area near 130th Street and the railroad tracks is the only remnant of that lake.
496:
in order to create the actual site for the missiles. This is currently Eggers Woods, part of the Cook County Forest
Preserve system. The southwest side of the lake housed the site's radar station and has been converted into the
403:
on the north side. Other property near the edge of the lake is being used for housing. A significant portion of the property around the lake is now parkland or nature preserve, including the Eggers Woods parcel of the
528:
and their dams that had been built across Indian Creek. The subsequent drop in water depth encouraged weed growth and changed fishing conditions. Beaver signs indicate that there are beavers on the lake currently.
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38:
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321:. It is smaller than it was prior to settlement by European colonizers because of infilling for development around the edges. Despite years of environmental damage caused by
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Both areas were decommissioned in the 1970s and have since been converted into preservation and recreation areas. On the northwest side of the lake, several hundred acres of
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site C-44, part of an air defense system for
Chicago and its heavy industries. It was one of many such sites that formed a ring of defense running from Indiana to Wisconsin.
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Wolf Lake in
Illinois has a storied history that somehow has lost track of the origins of the name that goes back over 150 years. Part of this history includes visits by
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458:– the subjects of what was termed the "Trial of the Century." It's well known that Chicagoland gangsters used to dispose of bodies in this lake system as well.
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517:, was to document the extraordinary biodiversity of green pockets that have survived within the urban and industrial landscape south of Chicago.
634:) are plants that grow in the neighboring wetlands. Perhaps the most amazing biological aspect of the lake is its array of rare aquatic plants.
351:, Illinois. It was once connected by an open channel to Lake Michigan on the Indiana side of the lake, but this channel was cut off for
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469:. The track was completely surrounded by the water of Wolf Lake, and a portion of the lake was drained to allow for its construction.
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Lin, Shun Dar; Raman, Raman K.; Bogner, William C.; Slowikowski, James A.; Roadcap, George S. & Hullinger, David L. (1996),
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Wolf Lake, along with the other neighboring lakes, was once among the most biologically diverse places in the
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A $ 7.25 million ecosystem restoration project for Wolf Lake was carried out by the
Chicago District of the
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state line. The lake is also transected by a number of railroad causeways, some of them no longer in use.
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and filling of wetlands, it is one of the most important biological sites in the
Chicago region.
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899:"Mute, Trumpeter, & Tundra Swans, Wolf Lake (Powers F&W Area), Chicago, IL (2-11-10)"
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Diagnostic-Feasibility Study of Wolf Lake, Cook County, Illinois, and Lake County, Indiana
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just northwest of the lake. Franks was the victim of the so-called "thrill killers,"
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The lake and neighboring wetlands provide nesting sites for the endangered
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The water in Wolf Lake was about 18 inches higher until 1998 when the
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775:. Northern Illinois University Libraries. 2002-03-11. Archived from
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745:"Chapter 2: Physical Characteristics of the Illinois Coast"
966:
Sublett, P. (July–August 1981). "Wild Swans in
Trouble".
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Region Motor Sports: Hammond tracks part of racing's past
733:
New Vision for Wolf Lake – News of the Wild – Summer 2001
747:. Illinois Department of Natural Resources. 2007-05-24
378:) runs through the middle of the lake just inside the
58:
Location of Wolf Lake on
Indiana/Illinois state line
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947:. The Cornell Lab of Ornithology - All About Birds
481:, two areas around the lake were used to create
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355:on its northern side. Indianapolis Boulevard (
1283:Forest–Southview Residential Historic District
719:, Champaign, Ill.: Illinois State Water Survey
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853:"A Guide to Fishing Wolf Lake, Illinois Side"
8:
1278:Forest–Moraine Residential Historic District
1273:Forest–Ivanhoe Residential Historic District
1293:Hohman Avenue Commercial Historic District
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1313:State Street Commercial Historic District
1308:Roselawn–Forest Heights Historic District
1200:Hammond Academy of Science and Technology
1039:"William W. Powers State Recreation Area"
825:, July 30, 2014. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
806:, July 17, 2014. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
1043:Illinois Department of Natural Resources
655:Illinois Department of Natural Resources
522:Illinois Department of Natural Resources
152:Illinois Department of Natural Resources
1420:Bodies of water of Lake County, Indiana
678:
668:William W. Powers State Recreation Area
499:William W. Powers State Recreation Area
406:Forest Preserve District of Cook County
363:and are drained by Indian Creek to the
361:William W. Powers State Recreation Area
628:) and the threatened marsh speedwell (
234:2,830 acre⋅ft (3,490,000 m)
229:2,743 acre⋅ft (3,383,000 m)
224:5,573 acre⋅ft (6,874,000 m)
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1029:, from Chicago Wilderness Magazine.
1003:, from Chicago Wilderness Magazine.
997:, from the Field Museum of Chicago.
616:The endangered false golden sedge (
1303:Pullman–Standard Historic District
842:, from Chicago Wilderness Magazine
14:
1009:, from Indiana Audubon Society's
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1298:Indi-Illi Park Historic District
465:was located within the lake, in
411:Other neighboring lakes include
44:
37:
24:
1288:Glendale Park Historic District
1168:George Rogers Clark High School
1019:, from Illinois Chapter of the
691:United States Geological Survey
305:is an 804-acre (325.4 ha)
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1017:Wetlands of the Calumet Region
822:The Times of Northwest Indiana
803:The Times of Northwest Indiana
687:"US Board on Geographic Names"
265:12.43 mi (20.00 km)
260:12.34 mi (19.86 km)
255:24.77 mi (39.86 km)
1:
1033:Flickr.com images of the Park
920:Mute Swan Issues in Wisconsin
336:Wolf Lake is located between
327:transportation infrastructure
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651:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
384:Indiana Harbor Belt Railroad
71:Hegewisch, Chicago, Illinois
1227:Purdue University Northwest
773:Illinois Periodicals Online
197:6.64 ft (2.02 m)
192:4.80 ft (1.46 m)
187:5.95 ft (1.81 m)
149:Hammond Port Authority and
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653:, with the support of the
574:yellow-crowned night heron
294:not a well-defined measure
213:18.4 ft (5.6 m)
208:18.2 ft (5.5 m)
1395:Chicago metropolitan area
1357:
566:black-crowned night heron
537:Wolf Lake is home to the
492:were filled with ferrous
291:
32:
23:
473:Nike Missile Site (C-44)
276:584 ft (178 m)
176:419 acres (170 ha)
171:385 acres (156 ha)
166:804 acres (325 ha)
1344:Hammond/Whiting station
622:), little green sedge (
578:yellow-headed blackbird
1007:Eggers Woods and Marsh
981:USACE Chicago District
878:"Beavers at Wolf Lake"
646:
390:that runs through the
1205:Bishop Noll Institute
1027:Rarities in the Rough
840:Rarities in the Rough
769:"A Lone Wolf No More"
645:
638:Ecosystem restoration
548:) and the threatened
446:In 1924, the body of
104:41.66583°N 87.52750°W
1400:Geography of Chicago
1011:Online Birding Guide
858:. Midwest Musky Club
815:Dorsey, Kathleeen. "
796:Kalwasinski, Stan. "
546:Acipenser fulvescens
1178:Hammond High School
968:Minnesota Sportsman
631:Veronica scutellata
461:From 1933 to 1936,
309:that straddles the
243:Residence time
109:41.66583; -87.52750
100: /
1266:Historic districts
1257:Carlson Oxbow Park
1183:Morton High School
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594:Cygnus columbianus
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463:Wolf Lake Speedway
127:Indian Creek into
1415:Lakes of Illinois
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1173:Gavit High School
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586:Cygnus buccinator
570:little blue heron
441:Mary Todd Lincoln
372:Indiana Toll Road
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467:Hammond, Indiana
456:Leopold and Loeb
443:nearly drowned.
338:Hammond, Indiana
323:heavy industries
317:state line near
292:Shore length is
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261:
256:
252:Shore length
235:
230:
225:
221:Water volume
214:
209:
198:
193:
188:
177:
172:
167:
163:Surface area
1252:Lake George
1159:School City
1101:Robertsdale
1021:Sierra Club
945:"Mute Swan"
606:Great Lakes
602:Cygnus olor
477:During the
413:Lake George
353:development
107: /
82:Coordinates
1384:Categories
1161:of Hammond
1048:2007-05-21
783:2007-08-25
751:2010-05-15
696:2015-04-15
674:References
598:Mute swans
539:endangered
285:References
267:(Illinois)
247:0.58 years
236:(Illinois)
215:(Illinois)
205:Max. depth
199:(Illinois)
178:(Illinois)
95:87°31′39″W
92:41°39′57″N
1247:Wolf Lake
1240:Landmarks
1135:Education
1126:Hessville
817:Wolf Lake
582:Trumpeter
580:. Native
439:in which
388:spur line
342:Hegewisch
303:Wolf Lake
262:(Indiana)
231:(Indiana)
210:(Indiana)
194:(Indiana)
189:(overall)
173:(Indiana)
52:Wolf Lake
19:Wolf Lake
1368:Category
970:: 30–32.
662:See also
490:wetlands
479:Cold War
401:Unilever
392:Illinois
340:and the
315:Illinois
67:Location
1193:schools
1142:Schools
1121:Woodmar
951:May 15,
929:May 15,
904:May 15,
883:May 15,
862:May 15,
526:beavers
511:Midwest
505:Ecology
452:culvert
431:History
397:Cargill
380:Indiana
357:U.S. 41
349:Chicago
311:Indiana
257:(total)
226:(total)
168:(total)
1348:Amtrak
588:) and
923:(PDF)
856:(PDF)
717:(PDF)
612:Flora
560:Birds
136:Basin
953:2010
931:2010
906:2010
885:2010
864:2010
576:and
533:Fish
494:slag
423:and
399:and
370:The
313:and
307:lake
73:and
819:",
800:",
556:).
347:of
1386::
1041:.
830:^
771:.
760:^
725:^
689:.
608:.
572:,
568:,
419:,
415:,
408:.
329:,
325:,
1350:)
1346:(
1340:)
1336:(
1079:e
1072:t
1065:v
1051:.
1023:.
1013:.
955:.
933:.
908:.
887:.
866:.
786:.
754:.
699:.
600:(
592:(
584:(
552:(
544:(
374:(
296:.
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