79:
give adequate attention to the committee work. The committee chair selected the topics and organized the discussions, debates and critical analysis of members’ work. The committee setting was where the members presented their work and received, as one member put it, “a baptism of friendly criticism.” In committee sessions some members shared poems, short stories, book chapters, translations, or an act from a play. Others wrote papers on artistic movements, music and musicians, or historical events. After thorough vetting by the committee, papers deemed ready for wider hearing were selected by the committee chair and presented at a weekly meeting of the club. The committees, and their plans of work, varied from year to year depending on the chair. The committees that presented programs to the club most often were those dealing with literature: Fiction, Modern Poetry, Drama, Essays, Current
Criticism and Translation. Three long-standing committees were Art, Music, and Education. American history was of great interest to the members, supporting committees in Colonial and Revolutionary History, Letters and Autographs, and “Unfamiliar Records.” Archaeology, the specialty of longtime Club president Letitia Yonge Wrenshall, was a long-standing committee.
43:(1890–1941) grew out of the tradition of women’s clubs that flourished in late nineteenth-century America. A number of literary societies founded throughout the country during this time provided women a chance to read and discuss literature in a supportive setting. These clubs originated to fill a void left by the limited educational opportunities for girls. The Women's Literary Club of Baltimore differed from the majority of women's clubs, however, in focusing on getting their work published. The group provided mutual support for one another, not just in their study of literature but to support each other’s efforts in pursuing literary careers. Over the course of its existence, hundreds of works by Club members were published in magazines, newspapers, and by major book publishers.
51:
was limited at first to women “who had a sufficient interest in literature to have devoted some time and thought to original work for either newspapers or magazines or of a more lasting nature”; all eleven of the club’s founding members were published authors. The requirement that members be published authors eventually eased, and women interested in literary pursuits were offered membership. At its 30th anniversary, it was noted that the club had been eager to recognize and foster young talent. Publication, however, remained an important goal for the club, and the president’s remarks often praised the publication successes of its members. Some of the best-known writers affiliated with the club included
47:
social relations among those of similar tastes.” Nearly 40 women responded. One of the first orders of business at the initial meeting was the selection of a name. The inclusion of Woman in the club’s title was significant. Not only did it identify the membership; it also announced the belief that women writers were different from their male counterparts. Club members took as their motto “Parole Femine” (womanly words), a phrase from the
Maryland state motto. They believed that women writers brought a different sensibility to their work and could raise the standards of literature.
20:
71:
capping their membership at 100, and while this allowed them funds for their activities, it would not support the purchase and maintenance of a building. Instead, the group affiliated with the
Maryland Academy of Sciences in 1891 as associate members, and were allowed to establish their meeting room in the academy’s building. The academy moved several times in the club’s early years, but when they finally moved to 105 West Franklin Street, the former mansion of Maryland governor
28:
87:
buried in
Maryland. Among those honored were Edgar Allan Poe, Junius Brutus Booth, John Pendleton Kennedy, Sidney Lanier, Col. Richard Malcolm Johnston, William H. Rinehart, and former Club member Mary Spear Tiernan. In 1907, members of the WLCB organized the Edgar Allan Poe Memorial Association in advance of the centennial of his birth in 1909.
86:
Each
January beginning in 1902, the club held an annual Twelfth Night Celebration, an elaborate dinner with a musical program and a Christmas cake baked with souvenirs that was paraded through the gathering. On All Souls’ Day, November 2, the club members decorated the graves of authors and artists
50:
The club founders were serious in purpose and set out a formal structure through which to achieve their goals. Their
Constitution enumerated the duties and responsibilities of officers and members. The club was run by elected officers, who formed the club's board of managers. Membership in the club
70:
The club met weekly, on
Tuesday afternoons, between October and the first week in June, leaving the summer months free for members to escape the city heat in travel or stays at summer homes. The club never owned a clubhouse, as was common for clubs at this time. They remained a fairly small group,
78:
The heart of the Woman’s
Literary Club of Baltimore was its committees, where the members tested their literary works to be presented at the weekly meetings. Each member was required to belong to at least one committee, but it was recommended they not belong to more than two so as to have time to
46:
The Woman’s
Literary Club of Baltimore was founded in March 1890, and was the idea of two young writers, Louisa C.Osburne Haughton and Hester Crawford Dorsey, who issued an invitation to discuss founding a club “to further greater intellectual development of the women of Baltimore and to promote
82:
In addition to weekly meetings, the Woman's
Literary Club of Baltimore held salons, which were social events with a musical program and refreshments. Members were permitted to invite guests, male or female, to attend. The Home Committee was in charge of decorating the rooms and providing the
97:
The Woman’s Literary Club of Baltimore completed its final season in May 1941. Louisa C. Osburne Haughton, one of the originators of the club, served as president for its final 23 years. Notices of meetings and events published in the Baltimore
320:
679:
1117:
94:, who later founded the Zionist women's organization Hadassah); and while some of its members strongly supported suffrage, no mention of the club's participation in suffrage activities is recorded.
290:
1444:
1185:
914:
489:
1190:
715:
305:
375:
757:
244:
355:
1211:
1008:
1112:
1493:
285:
1138:
295:
1029:
877:
736:
841:
83:
refreshments. To provide inspiration for members, the club maintained a library of books written by themselves as well as their fellow Maryland authors.
909:
75:, the club was provided with a comfortable meeting space until 1921, when they began meeting in a room at the Arundell Club at 1000 N. Charles Street.
1513:
1133:
1508:
1503:
1394:
846:
400:
275:
778:
325:
237:
1498:
1341:
1237:
390:
360:
345:
575:
310:
1252:
509:
426:
1310:
815:
395:
380:
1232:
982:
694:
1257:
1164:
1044:
549:
1267:
230:
1247:
1064:
1049:
946:
350:
201:
1272:
1054:
893:
606:
529:
335:
1242:
1282:
580:
1331:
977:
967:
499:
405:
1373:
1148:
930:
1518:
1206:
315:
1013:
851:
544:
458:
1336:
1296:
1262:
998:
836:
741:
720:
699:
627:
539:
370:
280:
1357:
1080:
1003:
762:
596:
554:
442:
300:
1468:
1326:
1034:
647:
642:
534:
463:
253:
972:
794:
684:
632:
504:
473:
468:
52:
102:
indicate that the club stayed true to its mission of supporting women writers and their literary pursuits.
1143:
1096:
689:
637:
340:
861:
385:
365:
611:
601:
23:
Hester Crawford Dorsey Richardson, founding member of the Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore, ca. 1892.
158:
119:
19:
1277:
519:
64:
856:
663:
494:
1419:
56:
222:
1169:
197:
91:
27:
559:
524:
1487:
1389:
1216:
514:
330:
60:
31:
Lizette Woodworth Reese, founding member of the Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore.
831:
72:
90:
The Club did not admit black members, though at least one Jewish woman belonged (
1039:
962:
321:
Daughters of the Improved Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks of the World
1059:
159:"1890-1891 Meeting Minutes · The Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore"
120:"1890-1891 Meeting Minutes · The Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore"
147:– via Johns Hopkins University Libraries Special Collections.
680:
Chicago and Northern District Association of Colored Women's Clubs
26:
18:
181:
Emily Lantz, “Woman’s Literary Club Thirty Years Old This Week,”
410:
1118:
Federation of Women's Clubs for Oklahoma and Indian Territories
226:
291:
Association of Southern Women for the Prevention of Lynching
1445:
First National Conference of the Colored Women of America
212:
Emily Lantz, “Twenty-Five Years Old Today.” Baltimore
1186:
General Federation of Women's Clubs of South Carolina
915:
Mississippi State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
490:
California State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
1457:
1433:
1407:
1382:
1366:
1350:
1319:
1303:
1291:
1225:
1199:
1178:
1157:
1126:
1105:
1089:
1073:
1022:
991:
955:
939:
923:
902:
886:
870:
824:
803:
787:
771:
750:
729:
708:
672:
656:
620:
589:
568:
482:
451:
435:
419:
268:
261:
1191:South Carolina Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
716:Indiana State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
356:National Society of the Colonial Dames of America
143:Turnbull, Francese Litchfield (1894). "Address".
758:Topeka Council of Colored Women's Clubs Building
286:Associated Daughters of Early American Witches
238:
8:
1113:Oklahoma Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
33:American Women: Fifteen Hundred Biographies
1461:
1437:
1411:
842:Colored Female Religious and Moral Society
265:
245:
231:
223:
1030:Empire State Federation of Women's Clubs
878:Ladies' Library Association of Kalamazoo
737:Iowa Federation of Colored Women's Clubs
276:American Association of University Women
910:Mississippi Federation of Women's Clubs
111:
35:Vol II (1897), ed. Frances E. Willard.
847:New England Woman's Press Association
401:Women's Joint Congressional Committee
361:National Society of New England Women
346:National Association of Colored Women
7:
779:Kentucky Federation of Women's Clubs
311:Daughters of the American Revolution
16:Women's club in Maryland (1890–1941)
816:Maryland Woman Suffrage Association
411:Young Women's Christian Association
381:United Daughters of the Confederacy
326:General Federation of Women's Clubs
306:Daughters of the American Colonists
145:Francese Litchfield Turnbull Papers
1494:Women's clubs in the United States
1238:Texas Association of Women's Clubs
1233:Daughters of the Republic of Texas
811:Woman's Literary Club of Baltimore
391:Women's Christian Temperance Union
41:Woman’s Literary Club of Baltimore
14:
1258:Dallas Equal Suffrage Association
1253:Texas Federation of Women's Clubs
396:Women's National Republican Club
1514:Organizations based in Baltimore
1248:Texas Equal Suffrage Association
1050:Equal Suffrage League (Brooklyn)
351:National Council of Jewish Women
202:University of Maryland libraries
1509:1941 establishments in Maryland
1504:1890 establishments in Maryland
695:Frederick Douglass Woman's Club
376:United States Daughters of 1812
1243:Texas Equal Rights Association
427:Alabama's Colored Women's Club
1:
1499:History of women in Maryland
1055:Newswomen's Club of New York
530:Hollywood Women's Press Club
336:Ladies' Memorial Association
316:Daughters of the Cincinnati
296:Colonial Dames XVII Century
1535:
1342:University Club of Seattle
1297:Daughters of Utah Pioneers
628:Atlanta Neighborhood Union
406:Women's Trade Union League
371:Queen Isabella Association
1464:
1440:
1414:
301:Colonial Dames of America
852:New England Women's Club
281:American Woman's League
57:Margaret Sutton Briscoe
53:Lizette Woodworth Reese
837:College Club of Boston
763:Woman's Club of Topeka
690:Fortnightly of Chicago
341:League of Women Voters
163:loyolanotredamelib.org
124:loyolanotredamelib.org
36:
24:
1469:List of women's clubs
1458:List of women's clubs
1139:Colored Women's Clubs
1035:Brooklyn Woman's Club
862:Saturday Morning Club
386:United Order of Tents
366:Phillis Wheatley Club
30:
22:
1212:Country Woman's Club
685:Chicago Woman's Club
633:Atlanta Woman's Club
505:College Women's Club
256:in the United States
198:Louise Malloy papers
65:Harriet Lummis Smith
664:Daughters of Hawaii
1519:Women in Baltimore
495:Berkeley City Club
37:
25:
1481:
1480:
1477:
1476:
1453:
1452:
1429:
1428:
1403:
1402:
1395:Women's City Club
1207:19th Century Club
1165:Cosmopolitan Club
1065:Women's City Club
1045:Cosmopolitan Club
947:20th Century Club
550:Metropolitan Club
1526:
1462:
1438:
1412:
857:Woman's Era Club
266:
247:
240:
233:
224:
217:
210:
204:
195:
189:
179:
173:
172:
170:
169:
155:
149:
148:
140:
134:
133:
131:
130:
116:
1534:
1533:
1529:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1523:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1473:
1449:
1425:
1420:The Woman's Era
1399:
1383:Washington D.C.
1378:
1362:
1346:
1315:
1299:
1287:
1273:Houston Heights
1221:
1195:
1174:
1153:
1122:
1101:
1085:
1069:
1018:
987:
983:Upper Montclair
951:
935:
919:
898:
882:
866:
820:
799:
783:
767:
746:
725:
704:
700:Three Arts Club
668:
652:
616:
607:Fort Lauderdale
585:
564:
545:LA Nurses' Club
478:
447:
431:
415:
257:
251:
221:
220:
216:March 23, 1915.
211:
207:
196:
192:
180:
176:
167:
165:
157:
156:
152:
142:
141:
137:
128:
126:
118:
117:
113:
108:
92:Henrietta Szold
17:
12:
11:
5:
1532:
1530:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1511:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1486:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1475:
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1472:
1471:
1465:
1459:
1455:
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1435:
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1427:
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1415:
1409:
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1401:
1400:
1398:
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1392:
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1384:
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1360:
1354:
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1317:
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1313:
1307:
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1300:
1295:
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1288:
1286:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1188:
1182:
1180:
1179:South Carolina
1176:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1161:
1159:
1155:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1130:
1128:
1124:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1084:
1083:
1077:
1075:
1074:North Carolina
1071:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1001:
995:
993:
989:
988:
986:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
959:
957:
953:
952:
950:
949:
943:
941:
937:
936:
934:
933:
927:
925:
921:
920:
918:
917:
912:
906:
904:
900:
899:
897:
896:
890:
888:
884:
883:
881:
880:
874:
872:
868:
867:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
828:
826:
822:
821:
819:
818:
813:
807:
805:
801:
800:
798:
797:
791:
789:
785:
784:
782:
781:
775:
773:
769:
768:
766:
765:
760:
754:
752:
748:
747:
745:
744:
739:
733:
731:
727:
726:
724:
723:
718:
712:
710:
706:
705:
703:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
676:
674:
670:
669:
667:
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660:
658:
654:
653:
651:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
624:
622:
618:
617:
615:
614:
609:
604:
599:
593:
591:
587:
586:
584:
583:
578:
572:
570:
566:
565:
563:
562:
560:Wilfandel Club
557:
552:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
525:Francisca Club
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
486:
484:
480:
479:
477:
476:
471:
466:
461:
455:
453:
449:
448:
446:
445:
439:
437:
433:
432:
430:
429:
423:
421:
417:
416:
414:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
272:
270:
263:
259:
258:
252:
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242:
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227:
219:
218:
205:
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188:April 4, 1920.
174:
150:
135:
110:
109:
107:
104:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1531:
1520:
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1512:
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1507:
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1432:
1422:
1421:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1406:
1396:
1393:
1391:
1390:Sulgrave Club
1388:
1387:
1385:
1381:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1369:
1365:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1353:
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1302:
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1269:
1266:
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1259:
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1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1217:Ossoli Circle
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1183:
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1177:
1171:
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1163:
1162:
1160:
1156:
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1145:
1142:
1140:
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1135:
1132:
1131:
1129:
1125:
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1116:
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1111:
1110:
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1104:
1098:
1095:
1094:
1092:
1088:
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1066:
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1058:
1056:
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1048:
1046:
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1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
996:
994:
990:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
966:
964:
961:
960:
958:
954:
948:
945:
944:
942:
938:
932:
929:
928:
926:
922:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
905:
901:
895:
892:
891:
889:
885:
879:
876:
875:
873:
869:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
829:
827:
825:Massachusetts
823:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
806:
802:
796:
793:
792:
790:
786:
780:
777:
776:
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770:
764:
761:
759:
756:
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753:
749:
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728:
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631:
629:
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623:
619:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
594:
592:
588:
582:
579:
577:
574:
573:
571:
567:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
515:Ebell Society
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
500:Beverly Hills
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
487:
485:
481:
475:
472:
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467:
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460:
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428:
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389:
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364:
362:
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
331:Junior League
329:
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61:Louise Malloy
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1408:Publications
1311:Mount Vernon
1170:Plastic Club
1158:Pennsylvania
931:East Glacier
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166:. Retrieved
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73:Thomas Swann
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1434:Conventions
1283:San Antonio
1278:Lyceum Club
1040:Colony Club
1014:Silver City
963:Kalmia Club
903:Mississippi
520:Ebell of LA
459:Casa Grande
1488:Categories
1320:Washington
1268:Fort Worth
1009:Las Cruces
999:Alamogordo
992:New Mexico
978:Rutherford
968:Morristown
956:New Jersey
894:Saint Paul
742:Des Moines
581:Wilmington
483:California
269:Nationwide
168:2018-03-25
129:2018-03-25
106:References
1358:Wauwatosa
1351:Wisconsin
1200:Tennessee
1149:Town Club
1081:Charlotte
1004:Carrizozo
887:Minnesota
788:Louisiana
721:Vincennes
597:Bradenton
555:San Pedro
443:Anchorage
200:, at the
183:Baltimore
1332:Longview
1327:Kirkland
1304:Virginia
1106:Oklahoma
1023:New York
973:Red Bank
871:Michigan
804:Maryland
795:Era Club
772:Kentucky
673:Illinois
648:Tennille
643:Demorest
569:Delaware
535:La Jolla
464:Glendale
1367:Wyoming
1337:Olympia
1263:El Paso
1134:Ashland
1060:Sorosis
924:Montana
832:Chilton
709:Indiana
621:Georgia
590:Florida
576:Milford
540:Lincoln
474:Willcox
452:Arizona
420:Alabama
1374:Casper
1144:Dundee
1127:Oregon
1097:Dayton
940:Nevada
751:Kansas
657:Hawaii
638:Dawson
510:Corona
436:Alaska
63:, and
1226:Texas
612:Miami
602:Davie
262:Clubs
1292:Utah
1090:Ohio
730:Iowa
469:Mesa
39:The
214:Sun
186:Sun
100:Sun
1490::
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67:.
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246:e
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