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stages is believed to be one reason for the extinction of the Xerces blue. The plant could not survive in the disturbed soils due to human development, and was no longer available to the Xerces blue.
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The species was first described and documented in 1852. It was characterized by blue wings with white spots. The butterflies fed on vegetation belonging to the genus
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Genetic analysis of museum specimens published in 2021 confirmed that the Xerces blue represented a distinct species within the genus
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802:"Museum genomics reveals the Xerces blue butterfly ( Glaucopsyche xerces ) was a distinct species driven to extinction"
686:"Museum genomics reveals the Xerces blue butterfly ( Glaucopsyche xerces ) was a distinct species driven to extinction"
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748:"And Then There Were None: Bohart Museum Remembering Xerces Blue Butterfly In Effort to Help Preserve Other Species"
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caused by urban development. The last Xerces blue was seen in 1941 or 1943 on land that is now part of the
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304:. The Xerces blue is believed to be the first American butterfly species to become extinct as a result of
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cousin of the Xerces, is being reared in labs. A new Xerces-like subspecies of the silvery blue (
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Efforts are on to reestablish related butterflies in the Xerces blue's former habitat. The
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Grewe, Felix; Kronforst, Marcus R.; Pierce, Naomi E.; Moreau, Corrie S. (July 2021).
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Grewe, Felix; Kronforst, Marcus R.; Pierce, Naomi E.; Moreau, Corrie S. (2021).
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296:. The species lived in coastal sand dunes of the Sunset District of the
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613:"xerxes | Origin and meaning of xerxes by Online Etymology Dictionary"
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The specific name derives from the French spelling of "Xerxes", the
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Resources, University of
California Agriculture and Natural.
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858:"Wild Genomes - Awarded Projects - Revive & Restore"
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875:Xerces.org – An invertebrate conservation society
1097:Natural history of the San Francisco Bay Area
482:World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1996).
408:plant that the butterfly fed on while in its
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637:"About the Xerces Society | Xerces Society"
507:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9244A12971422.en
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292:in the gossamer-winged butterfly family,
1102:Species made extinct by human activities
367:with this group most closely related to
780:"San Francisco's Vanishing Butterflies"
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332:of the fifth century BC. An endangered
449:Glaucopsyche lygdamus palosverdesensis
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1092:Extinct animals of the United States
1067:NatureServe presumed extinct species
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310:Golden Gate National Recreation Area
60:butterfly in the collections of the
493:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
354:, with its closest relatives being
591:. University of California Press.
583:Garth, J.S.; Tilden, J.W. (1986).
562:. University of California Press.
25:
433:Harvard Museum of Natural History
423:Preserved specimens are found in
340:is named after the Xerces blue.
336:conservation group known as the
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62:Field Museum of Natural History
425:California Academy of Sciences
382:California Academy of Sciences
1:
1077:Butterflies described in 1852
1062:IUCN Red List extinct species
264:Glaucopsyche lygdamus xerces
27:Extinct species of butterfly
1118:
1082:Extinct insects since 1500
529:"NatureServe Explorer 2.0"
324:name of the Persian kings
29:
451:), which is considered a
363:Glaucopsyche pseudoxerces
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125:Scientific classification
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787:The Lepidopterists' News
533:explorer.natureserve.org
439:Reestablishment efforts
298:San Francisco Peninsula
56:Samples of the extinct
32:Xerces (disambiguation)
818:10.1098/rsbl.2021.0123
778:Tilden, J. W. (1956).
752:entomology.ucdavis.edu
702:10.1098/rsbl.2021.0123
587:California Butterflies
556:; Hogue, C.L. (1979).
388:Extinction and ecology
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357:Glaucopsyche australis
458:Glaucopsyche lygdamus
379:
370:Glaucopsyche lygdamus
500:: e.T9244A12971422.
111: (early 1940s)
87: (early 1940s)
30:For other uses, see
1087:Extinct butterflies
924:Glaucopsyche xerces
894:Glaucopsyche xerces
486:Glaucopsyche xerces
373:(the silvery blue).
279:Glaucopsyche xerces
238:Glaucopsyche xerces
70:Conservation status
58:Glaucopsyche xerces
617:www.etymonline.com
559:California Insects
404:. The loss of the
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886:Taxon identifiers
665:www.guidestar.org
569:978-0-520-03782-3
465:the Xerces blue.
445:Palos Verdes blue
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1072:Glaucopsyche
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42:Xerces blue
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982:iNaturalist
918:Wikispecies
513:20 November
453:Los Angeles
275:Xerces blue
182:Lepidoptera
115:NatureServe
18:Xerces Blue
1056:Categories
789:: 113–115.
757:2017-04-13
670:2021-02-20
646:2021-02-20
641:xerces.org
622:2021-02-20
598:0520052498
538:1 November
469:References
431:, and the
302:California
294:Lycaenidae
192:Lycaenidae
162:Arthropoda
844:236144945
710:1744-957X
661:"Mission"
420:stages.
330:Xerxes II
290:butterfly
246:Boisduval
210:Species:
148:Kingdom:
142:Eukaryota
107:Presumed
1034:LepIndex
1000:10293001
932:BioLib:
909:Q1042181
903:Wikidata
836:34283930
728:34283930
344:Taxonomy
326:Xerxes I
255:Synonyms
188:Family:
158:Phylum:
152:Animalia
138:Domain:
91:IUCN 3.1
974:1924141
827:8292013
719:8292013
414:Lupinus
401:Lupinus
286:species
281:) is a
248:, 1852)
235:†
214:†
198:Genus:
178:Order:
172:Insecta
168:Class:
113: (
109:Extinct
89: (
85:Extinct
1039:203293
1013:778271
987:101482
961:269319
935:322075
842:
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463:revive
418:larval
410:larval
995:IRMNG
948:6KH2W
840:S2CID
812:(7).
783:(PDF)
406:Lotus
395:Lotus
322:Greek
1026:9244
1021:IUCN
1008:ITIS
969:GBIF
832:PMID
724:PMID
706:ISSN
593:ISBN
564:ISBN
540:2022
515:2021
498:1996
398:and
361:and
328:and
316:Name
273:The
956:EoL
943:CoL
822:PMC
814:doi
714:PMC
698:doi
502:doi
300:in
288:of
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
