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fossils were discovered from the Late
Miocene Xiaohe Formation in the Yuanmou Basin, Yunnan Province in southwest China. The first specimens were the first right molar and the second left molar found during an excavation between 1986 and 1990 at Fangbeiliangzi, a low hill near Xiaohe village, by a
362:
The gibbon family separated from the apes around 17 to 22 million years ago. Miocene primates between 14 and 21 million years old have been known from Africa, so that gibbons are presumed to originate in Africa. However, there is a large gap of fossil record around 10 million years old that would
336:, Terry Harrison of New York University confirmed that the specimens are closely related to modern gibbons, remarking the species as "an early gibbon ancestor" in 2008. The species became one of the well-established Miocene primates, as Bruce Grant, colleague of Harrison, explained:
331:
specimen. Most of the teeth were worn and incomplete and the identity of the primate could not be resolved. However, two complete teeth collected at Leilao in 2006 gave a clear picture of the fossils. Presenting the analysis of the two teeth at the
327:, gave the formal description and the scientific name. Several additional teeth were collected from the surrounding areas between 2006 and 2022, including the lower face of a juvenile individual and a second left molar, which became the
323:, Chuxiong Prefectural Museum and the Yuanmou Man Museum. Five more teeth fragments were recovered in 1999 from Leilao village. In 2006, Yuerong Pan at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,
344:
represents the earliest known fossil gibbon. I have been hunting for ancestral gibbons all of my professional life, debunking most of the purported candidates, so I'm especially excited about these discoveries.
363:
link the gibbon family tree from those of
African species to other parts of the world. The oldest gibbon fossils are about 2 million years old that are found in Asia. At around 8.2 to 7.1 million years old,
333:
4122:
396:
Ji, Xueping; Harrison, Terry; Zhang, Yingqi; Wu, Yun; Zhang, Chunxia; Hu, Jinming; Wu, Dongdong; Hou, Yemao; Li, Song; Wang, Guofu; Wang, Zhenzhen (2022).
489:
4024:
3957:
348:
After additional collections of seven complete teeth and an upper jaw, detailed description and evolutionary implications were published in the
4146:
367:
fits well the large gap of the missing fossil lines, and is considered to be an important intermediate species between monkeys and great apes.
640:
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Perhaps the most exciting finding (reported in this years AAPA meetings ) was the discovery that
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223:
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1997:
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889:
605:, Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects, New York, NY: Springer, pp. 91–110,
289:. As of 2022, it is the oldest gibbon known. The fossils, mainly of teeth, were discovered from
2603:
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2007:
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597:
Harrison, Terry (2016), Reichard, Ulrich H.; Hirai, Hirohisa; Barelli, Claudia (eds.),
4135:
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1970:
1933:
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574:"Earliest Gibbon Fossil Discovered in SW China's Yunnan, Fills Evolutionary Gap"
43:
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88:
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37:
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2018:
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30:
603:
Evolution of
Gibbons and Siamang: Phylogeny, Morphology, and Cognition
3420:
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555:
Newsletter of the
Department of Anthropology, New York University
3830:
2863:
490:"Earliest gibbon fossil unlocks clues about the history of apes"
3923:
3198:
2358:
1403:
734:
664:
641:"Earliest Gibbon Fossils Fill in the Gaps of Primate Evolution"
3213:
3200:
3150:
660:
374:
is about the size of modern gibbons, weighing around 16 kg.
599:"The Fossil Record and Evolutionary History of Hylobatids"
459:"Earliest gibbon fossil gives clues about history of apes"
506:
Pan, Y. (2006). "Primates". In Qi, G.; Dong, W. (eds.).
285:
that lived 8.2 to 7.1 million years ago during the late
4096:
398:"The earliest hylobatid from the Late Miocene of China"
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3857:
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3836:
3818:
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2003:
1993:
1983:
1959:
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3149:
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2930:
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2738:
2685:
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2579:
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2525:
2481:
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2414:
2371:
2309:
2229:
2145:
2017:
1852:
1822:
1743:
1687:
1660:
1626:
1560:
1523:
1492:
1416:
1356:
1287:
1236:
1194:
1004:
877:
801:
747:
334:American Association of Physical Anthropologists
4116:
676:
8:
483:
481:
479:
510:. Beijing: Science Press. pp. 131–148.
4123:
4109:
3920:
3770:
3659:
3506:
3502:
3223:
3219:
3208:
3195:
3146:
2927:
2664:
2490:
2383:
2379:
2368:
2355:
2306:
1751:
1635:
1428:
1424:
1413:
1400:
1242:
1233:
760:
744:
731:
683:
669:
661:
501:
499:
20:
413:
391:
389:
387:
383:
492:. The Natural History Museum, London.
7:
4074:
4072:
4056:F7B5C8D7-428C-4E64-A45E-49A9292D5FE3
3989:75093B41-8533-4D75-99D1-B2E97398BA99
307:, described by Yuerong Pan in 2006.
523:"China was an ancient-ape paradise"
4095:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
4076:
3903:
3181:
2341:
1385:
120:
508:Lufengpithecus hudienensis Site
1:
4147:Fossil taxa described in 2006
415:10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103251
639:Walters, Sam (2022-09-16).
611:10.1007/978-1-4939-5614-2_4
521:Bower, Bruce (2008-04-24).
325:Chinese Academy of Sciences
4178:
4071:
488:Caton, Emma (2022-11-07).
402:Journal of Human Evolution
358:Description and importance
351:Journal of Human Evolution
16:Extinct species of primate
4162:Prehistoric primate stubs
3900:
3773:
3509:
3505:
3226:
3222:
3207:
3194:
3179:
3145:
2667:
2493:
2386:
2382:
2367:
2354:
2339:
2305:
1754:
1638:
1431:
1427:
1412:
1399:
1382:
1245:
1232:
763:
743:
730:
698:
253:
246:
117:Scientific classification
115:
23:
4142:Miocene primates of Asia
4001:Yuanmoupithecus xiaoyuan
370:According to estimates,
321:Yunnan Provincial Museum
319:joint expedition of the
260:Yuanmoupithecus xiaoyuan
572:Liu, jia (2022-09-29).
281:is an extinct genus of
4091:-related article is a
346:
301:. The type species is
4038:Paleobiology Database
3971:Paleobiology Database
338:
29:Temporal range: Late
3064:Paradolichopithecus
2690:Victoriapithecidae
2632:Plesiopliopithecus
2570:Platodontopithecus
546:Grant, B. (2008).
4104:
4103:
4066:
4065:
3926:Taxon identifiers
3917:
3916:
3913:
3912:
3898:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3890:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3882:
3881:
3647:
3646:
3490:
3489:
3190:
3189:
3177:
3176:
3173:
3172:
3169:
3168:
3141:
3140:
3137:
3136:
2652:
2651:
2648:
2647:
2554:Dionysopithecidae
2456:Propliopithecidae
2350:
2349:
2337:
2336:
2333:
2332:
2329:
2328:
2301:
2300:
1739:
1738:
1735:
1734:
1395:
1394:
1380:
1379:
1376:
1375:
1352:
1351:
1228:
1227:
645:Discover Magazine
620:978-1-4939-5614-2
274:
273:
227:
4169:
4157:Miocene primates
4125:
4118:
4111:
4080:
4073:
4059:
4058:
4046:
4045:
4033:
4032:
4020:
4019:
4018:
3992:
3991:
3979:
3978:
3966:
3965:
3953:
3952:
3951:
3921:
3908:
3907:
3870:
3859:
3848:
3838:
3820:
3813:Australopithecus
3810:
3799:
3771:
3751:
3733:
3665:
3660:
3635:
3618:
3608:
3598:
3588:
3578:
3568:
3545:
3535:
3525:
3515:
3507:
3503:
3478:
3454:
3430:
3350:Dendropithecidae
3348:
3333:
3323:
3313:
3303:
3293:
3283:
3272:
3262:
3252:
3242:
3232:
3224:
3220:
3209:
3196:
3185:
3147:
3118:
3101:
3091:
3081:
3071:
3061:
3023:
3013:
2983:
2928:
2888:
2871:
2833:
2823:
2806:
2796:
2786:
2776:
2766:
2752:Cercopithecoides
2749:
2722:Victoriapithecus
2688:
2673:
2665:
2659:Cercopithecoidea
2513:
2491:
2484:
2454:
2417:
2402:
2392:
2384:
2380:
2369:
2356:
2345:
2307:
2282:
2203:
2193:
2183:
2173:
2156:
2133:
2123:
2113:
2103:
2086:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2005:
1995:
1985:
1961:
1951:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1897:
1887:
1863:
1840:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1752:
1662:Proteopithecidae
1636:
1629:
1563:
1526:
1495:
1479:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1437:
1429:
1425:
1414:
1401:
1390:
1389:
1339:
1322:
1312:
1272:
1261:
1251:
1243:
1234:
761:
751:
745:
732:
685:
678:
671:
662:
655:
654:
652:
651:
636:
630:
629:
628:
627:
594:
588:
587:
585:
584:
569:
563:
562:
552:
543:
537:
536:
534:
533:
518:
512:
511:
503:
494:
493:
485:
474:
473:
471:
470:
455:
444:
443:
417:
393:
262:
258:
239:Y. xiaoyuan
222:
215:
125:
124:
110:
40:
21:
4177:
4176:
4172:
4171:
4170:
4168:
4167:
4166:
4132:
4131:
4130:
4129:
4069:
4067:
4062:
4054:
4049:
4041:
4036:
4028:
4023:
4014:
4013:
4008:
3995:
3987:
3982:
3974:
3969:
3961:
3956:
3947:
3946:
3941:
3934:Yuanmoupithecus
3928:
3918:
3909:
3902:
3878:
3784:
3760:
3736:Chororapithecus
3718:
3705:Pierolapithecus
3697:Hispanopithecus
3656:
3643:
3581:Gigantopithecus
3553:
3499:
3486:
3481:Yuanmoupithecus
3415:
3410:Turkanapithecus
3341:
3336:Samburupithecus
3306:Nacholapithecus
3216:
3203:
3186:
3165:
3133:
3104:Procynocephalus
2991:
2923:Cercopithecinae
2917:
2769:Dolichopithecus
2734:
2706:Nsungwepithecus
2681:
2661:
2644:
2597:Barberapithecus
2575:
2563:Dionysopithecus
2548:
2536:Epipliopithecus
2521:
2499:Krishnapithecus
2486:Pliopithecoidea
2477:
2472:Propliopithecus
2465:Aegyptopithecus
2447:
2419:Oligopithecidae
2410:
2376:
2363:
2346:
2325:
2297:
2225:
2141:
2013:
1988:Proteropithecia
1848:
1818:
1748:
1731:
1726:Ucayalipithecus
1683:
1656:
1631:Parapithecoidea
1622:
1603:Myanmarpithecus
1565:Amphipithecidae
1556:
1551:Phenacopithecus
1519:
1488:
1421:
1408:
1391:
1384:
1372:
1348:
1283:
1224:
1190:
1000:
880:Anaptomorphinae
873:
797:
757:
739:
726:
694:
689:
659:
658:
649:
647:
638:
637:
633:
625:
623:
621:
596:
595:
591:
582:
580:
571:
570:
566:
550:
545:
544:
540:
531:
529:
520:
519:
515:
505:
504:
497:
487:
486:
477:
468:
466:
457:
456:
447:
395:
394:
385:
380:
372:Yuanmoupithecus
365:Yuanmoupithecus
360:
342:Yuanmoupithecus
316:Yuanmoupithecus
313:
295:Yunnan Province
278:Yuanmoupithecus
270:
264:
256:
255:
242:
221:
218:Yuanmoupithecus
213:
119:
111:
109:
108:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
35:
34:
27:
25:Yuanmoupithecus
17:
12:
11:
5:
4175:
4173:
4165:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4134:
4133:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4081:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4047:
4034:
4021:
4005:
4003:
3997:
3996:
3994:
3993:
3980:
3967:
3954:
3938:
3936:
3930:
3929:
3924:
3915:
3914:
3911:
3910:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3892:
3891:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3880:
3879:
3877:
3876:
3866:
3862:Sahelanthropus
3855:
3844:
3834:
3827:
3823:Graecopithecus
3816:
3806:
3794:
3792:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3754:Nakalipithecus
3747:
3740:
3728:
3726:
3720:
3719:
3717:
3716:
3709:
3701:
3693:
3686:
3679:
3671:
3669:
3657:
3652:
3649:
3648:
3645:
3644:
3642:
3641:
3631:
3624:
3614:
3611:Lufengpithecus
3604:
3601:Khoratpithecus
3594:
3584:
3574:
3571:Ankarapithecus
3563:
3561:
3555:
3554:
3552:
3551:
3548:Ouranopithecus
3541:
3538:Nakalipithecus
3531:
3528:Graecopithecus
3521:
3510:
3500:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3474:
3467:
3460:
3450:
3443:
3436:
3425:
3423:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3413:
3406:
3399:
3392:
3389:Rangwapithecus
3385:
3377:
3374:Nyanzapithecus
3370:
3362:
3359:Dendropithecus
3354:
3352:
3343:
3342:
3340:
3339:
3329:
3319:
3309:
3299:
3296:Morotopithecus
3289:
3279:
3275:Kamoyapithecus
3268:
3265:Griphopithecus
3258:
3248:
3238:
3227:
3217:
3212:
3205:
3204:
3199:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3143:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3124:
3121:Soromandrillus
3114:
3107:
3097:
3087:
3077:
3067:
3057:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3019:
3009:
3001:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2979:
2972:
2965:
2958:
2951:
2944:
2941:Allenopithecus
2936:
2934:
2932:Cercopithecini
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2912:Trachypithecus
2908:
2901:
2894:
2884:
2877:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2829:
2819:
2812:
2802:
2792:
2782:
2772:
2762:
2755:
2744:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2729:Zaltanpithecus
2725:
2718:
2710:
2702:
2694:
2692:
2683:
2682:
2680:
2679:
2668:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2646:
2645:
2643:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2607:
2600:
2593:
2585:
2583:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2566:
2558:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2539:
2531:
2529:
2527:Pliopithecidae
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2468:
2460:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2423:
2421:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2398:
2387:
2377:
2372:
2365:
2364:
2359:
2352:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2334:
2331:
2330:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2315:
2313:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2288:
2278:
2271:
2268:Leontopithecus
2264:
2257:
2250:
2243:
2235:
2233:
2231:Callitrichidae
2227:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2216:
2209:
2199:
2189:
2179:
2169:
2162:
2151:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2109:
2099:
2092:
2082:
2075:
2065:
2055:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2021:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1981:
1974:
1967:
1957:
1947:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1893:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1858:
1856:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1846:
1836:
1828:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1806:
1796:
1786:
1776:
1766:
1755:
1749:
1744:
1741:
1740:
1737:
1736:
1733:
1732:
1730:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1693:
1691:
1689:Parapithecidae
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1674:
1671:Proteopithecus
1666:
1664:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1647:
1639:
1633:
1624:
1623:
1621:
1620:
1613:
1606:
1599:
1592:
1585:
1577:
1569:
1567:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1554:
1547:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1502:
1500:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1486:
1475:
1464:
1454:
1444:
1432:
1422:
1417:
1410:
1409:
1404:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1374:
1373:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1335:
1328:
1318:
1315:Hesperotarsius
1308:
1301:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1268:
1257:
1246:
1240:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1225:
1223:
1222:
1215:
1208:
1200:
1198:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1181:
1174:
1167:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1118:
1111:
1104:
1097:
1090:
1083:
1076:
1073:Gunnelltarsius
1069:
1062:
1055:
1048:
1041:
1034:
1027:
1020:
1012:
1010:
1002:
1001:
999:
998:
991:
984:
977:
970:
963:
956:
949:
942:
939:Pseudotetonius
935:
928:
921:
914:
907:
900:
893:
885:
883:
875:
874:
872:
871:
864:
857:
850:
843:
836:
829:
822:
815:
807:
805:
803:Microchoerinae
799:
798:
796:
795:
788:
781:
773:
764:
758:
748:
741:
740:
735:
728:
727:
725:
724:
718:
712:
706:
699:
696:
695:
690:
688:
687:
680:
673:
665:
657:
656:
631:
619:
589:
578:english.cas.cn
564:
548:"Faculty News"
538:
513:
495:
475:
445:
382:
381:
379:
376:
359:
356:
312:
309:
272:
271:
265:
251:
250:
244:
243:
235:
233:
229:
228:
211:
207:
206:
201:
197:
196:
191:
187:
186:
181:
177:
176:
171:
167:
166:
161:
157:
156:
151:
147:
146:
141:
137:
136:
131:
127:
126:
113:
112:
104:
103:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
41:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4174:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4137:
4126:
4121:
4119:
4114:
4112:
4107:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4094:
4090:
4087:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4070:
4057:
4052:
4048:
4044:
4039:
4035:
4031:
4026:
4022:
4017:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4004:
4002:
3998:
3990:
3985:
3981:
3977:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3959:
3955:
3950:
3944:
3940:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3931:
3927:
3922:
3906:
3875:
3874:
3867:
3864:
3863:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3841:Kenyanthropus
3835:
3833:
3832:
3828:
3825:
3824:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3796:
3795:
3793:
3791:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3776:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3767:
3763:
3756:
3755:
3748:
3746:
3745:
3741:
3738:
3737:
3730:
3729:
3727:
3725:
3721:
3715:
3714:
3710:
3707:
3706:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3694:
3692:
3691:
3687:
3685:
3684:
3680:
3678:
3677:
3676:Anoiapithecus
3673:
3672:
3670:
3668:
3667:Dryopithecini
3661:
3658:
3655:
3650:
3640:
3639:
3632:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3613:
3612:
3605:
3603:
3602:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3585:
3583:
3582:
3575:
3573:
3572:
3565:
3564:
3562:
3560:
3556:
3550:
3549:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3522:
3520:
3519:
3512:
3511:
3508:
3504:
3501:
3498:
3493:
3483:
3482:
3475:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3466:
3465:
3461:
3459:
3458:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3444:
3442:
3441:
3437:
3435:
3434:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3422:
3418:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3400:
3398:
3397:
3396:Rukwapithecus
3393:
3391:
3390:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3378:
3376:
3375:
3371:
3368:
3367:
3366:Micropithecus
3363:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3351:
3344:
3338:
3337:
3330:
3328:
3327:
3320:
3318:
3317:
3316:Otavipithecus
3310:
3308:
3307:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3286:Kenyapithecus
3280:
3277:
3276:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3184:
3159:
3158:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3152:
3148:
3144:
3130:
3129:
3128:Theropithecus
3125:
3123:
3122:
3115:
3113:
3112:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3094:Procercocebus
3088:
3086:
3085:
3078:
3076:
3075:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3058:
3056:
3055:
3051:
3049:
3048:
3044:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3035:
3034:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3026:Gorgopithecus
3020:
3018:
3017:
3010:
3008:
3007:
3003:
3002:
3000:
2998:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2978:
2977:
2973:
2971:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2963:
2959:
2957:
2956:
2955:Cercopithecus
2952:
2950:
2949:
2948:Allochrocebus
2945:
2943:
2942:
2938:
2937:
2935:
2933:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2914:
2913:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2902:
2900:
2899:
2898:Semnopithecus
2895:
2893:
2892:
2885:
2883:
2882:
2881:Rhinopithecus
2878:
2876:
2875:
2868:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2845:
2844:
2840:
2838:
2837:
2836:Parapresbytis
2830:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2803:
2801:
2800:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2783:
2781:
2780:
2779:Kuseracolobus
2773:
2771:
2770:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2745:
2743:
2741:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2726:
2724:
2723:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2711:
2708:
2707:
2703:
2701:
2700:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2691:
2684:
2678:
2677:
2670:
2669:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2625:Laccopithecus
2622:
2620:
2619:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2611:Egarapithecus
2608:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2582:
2578:
2572:
2571:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2555:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2480:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2450:
2444:
2443:
2442:Talahpithecus
2439:
2437:
2436:
2435:Oligopithecus
2432:
2430:
2429:
2425:
2424:
2422:
2420:
2413:
2407:
2406:
2399:
2397:
2396:
2395:Micropithecus
2389:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2378:
2375:
2370:
2366:
2362:
2357:
2353:
2344:
2319:
2318:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2294:
2293:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2265:
2263:
2262:
2258:
2256:
2255:
2251:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2242:
2241:
2237:
2236:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2222:
2221:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2210:
2208:
2207:
2200:
2198:
2197:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2137:
2130:
2128:
2127:
2120:
2118:
2117:
2116:Protopithecus
2110:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2083:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2074:
2073:
2066:
2064:
2063:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2002:
2000:
1999:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1978:Plecturocebus
1975:
1973:
1972:
1968:
1966:
1965:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1954:Miocallicebus
1948:
1946:
1945:
1938:
1936:
1935:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1892:
1891:
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1875:
1874:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1860:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1837:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1825:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1797:
1795:
1794:
1787:
1785:
1784:
1777:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1757:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1747:
1742:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1716:
1714:
1713:
1709:
1707:
1706:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1695:
1694:
1692:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1641:
1640:
1637:
1634:
1632:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1617:Siamopithecus
1614:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1604:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1593:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1582:
1581:Bugtipithecus
1578:
1576:
1575:
1574:Amphipithecus
1571:
1570:
1568:
1566:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1541:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1522:
1516:
1515:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1504:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1497:Afrotarsiidae
1491:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1473:
1472:
1465:
1463:
1462:
1461:Aseanpithecus
1455:
1453:
1452:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1434:
1433:
1430:
1426:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1411:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1388:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1309:
1307:
1306:
1305:Cephalopachus
1302:
1300:
1299:
1295:
1294:
1292:
1290:
1286:
1279:
1277:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:Afrotarsiidae
1258:
1256:
1255:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1235:
1231:
1221:
1220:
1216:
1214:
1213:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1197:
1196:Tarkadectinae
1193:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1159:
1158:
1154:
1152:
1151:
1147:
1145:
1144:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1133:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1124:
1123:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1112:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1084:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1068:
1067:
1066:Ekwiiyemakius
1063:
1061:
1060:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1049:
1047:
1046:
1042:
1040:
1039:
1035:
1033:
1032:
1028:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1018:
1017:Ageitodendron
1014:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1003:
997:
996:
992:
990:
989:
985:
983:
982:
978:
976:
975:
971:
969:
968:
964:
962:
961:
957:
955:
954:
950:
948:
947:
943:
941:
940:
936:
934:
933:
929:
927:
926:
922:
920:
919:
915:
913:
912:
908:
906:
905:
901:
899:
898:
897:Anaptomorphus
894:
892:
891:
887:
886:
884:
881:
876:
870:
869:
865:
863:
862:
858:
856:
855:
851:
849:
848:
844:
842:
841:
837:
835:
834:
830:
828:
827:
823:
821:
820:
816:
814:
813:
809:
808:
806:
804:
800:
794:
793:
789:
787:
786:
782:
779:
778:
774:
771:
770:
766:
765:
762:
759:
755:
746:
742:
738:
733:
729:
723:
719:
717:
713:
711:
707:
705:
701:
700:
697:
693:
686:
681:
679:
674:
672:
667:
666:
663:
646:
642:
635:
632:
622:
616:
612:
608:
604:
600:
593:
590:
579:
575:
568:
565:
560:
556:
549:
542:
539:
528:
524:
517:
514:
509:
502:
500:
496:
491:
484:
482:
480:
476:
464:
463:BBC Newsround
460:
454:
452:
450:
446:
441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
416:
411:
407:
403:
399:
392:
390:
388:
384:
377:
375:
373:
368:
366:
357:
355:
353:
352:
345:
343:
337:
335:
330:
326:
322:
317:
310:
308:
306:
305:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
279:
268:
263:
261:
252:
249:
248:Binomial name
245:
241:
240:
234:
231:
230:
225:
220:
219:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
198:
195:
192:
189:
188:
185:
182:
179:
178:
175:
172:
169:
168:
165:
162:
159:
158:
155:
152:
149:
148:
145:
142:
139:
138:
135:
132:
129:
128:
123:
118:
114:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
50:
45:
39:
36:8.2–7.1
32:
26:
22:
19:
4097:expanding it
4083:
4068:
4000:
3933:
3873:Paranthropus
3871:
3860:
3849:
3839:
3829:
3821:
3811:
3802:Ardipithecus
3800:
3777:
3752:
3742:
3734:
3713:Rudapithecus
3711:
3703:
3695:
3690:Dryopithecus
3688:
3681:
3674:
3638:Sivapithecus
3636:
3626:
3621:Meganthropus
3619:
3609:
3599:
3591:Indopithecus
3589:
3579:
3569:
3546:
3536:
3526:
3516:
3480:
3479:
3471:Symphalangus
3469:
3462:
3455:
3445:
3438:
3433:Bunopithecus
3431:
3408:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3381:Oreopithecus
3379:
3372:
3364:
3357:
3334:
3324:
3314:
3304:
3294:
3284:
3273:
3263:
3253:
3243:
3235:Afropithecus
3233:
3126:
3119:
3109:
3102:
3092:
3082:
3072:
3062:
3052:
3045:
3038:
3031:
3024:
3016:Dinopithecus
3014:
3004:
2986:Nanopithecus
2984:
2974:
2969:Erythrocebus
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2939:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2879:
2874:Rhinocolobus
2872:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2843:Piliocolobus
2841:
2834:
2824:
2814:
2809:Microcolobus
2807:
2799:Mesopithecus
2797:
2789:Libypithecus
2787:
2777:
2767:
2757:
2750:
2727:
2720:
2714:Prohylobates
2712:
2704:
2699:Noropithecus
2697:
2674:
2637:
2630:
2623:
2616:
2609:
2602:
2595:
2588:
2581:Crouzeliidae
2568:
2561:
2543:Pliopithecus
2541:
2534:
2514:
2504:
2497:
2470:
2463:
2440:
2433:
2428:Catopithecus
2426:
2403:
2393:
2290:
2283:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2238:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2194:
2184:
2176:Dolichocebus
2174:
2164:
2157:
2134:
2124:
2114:
2104:
2094:
2087:
2077:
2070:
2060:
2050:
2040:
2033:
2026:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1969:
1962:
1952:
1944:Mazzonicebus
1942:
1932:
1922:
1912:
1905:
1900:Cebupithecia
1898:
1888:
1878:
1871:
1866:Antillothrix
1864:
1841:
1831:
1811:
1801:
1791:
1781:
1773:Perupithecus
1771:
1761:
1724:
1717:
1712:Parapithecus
1710:
1703:
1696:
1676:
1669:
1649:
1642:
1615:
1608:
1601:
1594:
1587:
1579:
1572:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1512:
1505:
1482:Phileosimias
1480:
1469:
1459:
1449:
1440:Altiatlasius
1438:
1342:Xanthorhysis
1340:
1330:
1325:Oligotarsius
1323:
1313:
1303:
1296:
1273:
1262:
1252:
1238:Tarsiiformes
1217:
1210:
1203:
1183:
1176:
1169:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1120:
1113:
1106:
1101:Macrotarsius
1099:
1092:
1085:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1057:
1050:
1043:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
993:
986:
979:
972:
965:
958:
953:Strigorhysis
951:
946:Sphacorhysis
944:
937:
930:
925:Chlororhysis
923:
916:
909:
902:
895:
888:
866:
859:
852:
845:
838:
831:
826:Microchoerus
824:
817:
810:
790:
783:
777:Altiatlasius
775:
767:
648:. Retrieved
644:
634:
624:, retrieved
602:
592:
581:. Retrieved
577:
567:
558:
554:
541:
530:. Retrieved
526:
516:
507:
467:. Retrieved
465:. 2022-09-29
462:
405:
401:
371:
369:
364:
361:
349:
347:
341:
339:
315:
314:
303:
302:
277:
276:
275:
259:
254:
238:
237:
217:
216:
190:Infraorder:
24:
18:
4086:prehistoric
3421:Hylobatidae
3111:Rungwecebus
2976:Miopithecus
2962:Chlorocebus
2891:Sawecolobus
2826:Paracolobus
2590:Anapithecus
2506:Paidopithex
2261:Leontocebus
2196:Panamacebus
2106:Paralouatta
2042:Brachyteles
1934:Insulacebus
1854:Pitheciidae
1793:Canaanimico
1746:Platyrrhini
1698:Abuqatrania
1514:Afrotarsius
1419:Simiiformes
1406:Simiiformes
1358:Simiiformes
1212:Tarkadectes
1052:Diablomomys
1031:Brontomomys
967:Teilhardina
911:Arapahovius
904:Anemorhysis
868:Vectipithex
861:Quercyloris
854:Pseudoloris
833:Nannopithex
819:Melaneremia
527:ScienceNews
304:Y. xiaoyuan
204:Hylobatidae
194:Simiiformes
4136:Categories
4016:Q114047980
3949:Q114047860
3255:Equatorius
3214:Hominoidea
3201:Hominoidea
3160:see below↓
3151:Hominoidea
3047:Mandrillus
3033:Lophocebus
3006:Cercocebus
2857:Procolobus
2618:Fanchangia
2374:Catarrhini
2361:Catarrhini
2320:see below↓
2311:Catarrhini
2247:Callithrix
2186:Killikaike
2089:Mohanamico
2072:Chilecebus
1998:Soriacebus
1964:Nuciruptor
1924:Homunculus
1914:Chiropotes
1907:Cheracebus
1890:Carlocebus
1880:Callicebus
1843:Tremacebus
1813:Lagonimico
1803:Branisella
1783:Szalatavus
1610:Pondaungia
1528:Eosimiidae
1367:see below↓
1254:Archicebus
1136:Shoshonius
1080:Hemiacodon
1059:Dyseolemur
1045:Chumashius
988:Trogolemur
981:Tetonoides
890:Absarokius
840:Necrolemur
785:Bownomomys
737:Haplorhini
692:Haplorhini
650:2024-04-25
626:2024-04-25
583:2024-04-25
532:2024-04-25
469:2024-04-25
408:: 103251.
378:References
184:Haplorhini
180:Suborder:
3724:Gorillini
3654:Homininae
3497:Hominidae
3447:Hylobates
3326:Proconsul
3084:Pliopapio
3074:Parapapio
2997:Papionini
2864:Pygathrix
2850:Presbytis
2740:Colobinae
2639:Pliobates
2604:Crouzelia
2405:Saadanius
2240:Callimico
2159:Acrecebus
2136:Stirtonia
2079:Lagothrix
2062:Cartelles
2008:Xenothrix
1763:Parvimico
1289:Tarsiidae
1276:Omomyidae
1171:Washakius
1157:Uintanius
1108:Nesomomys
1038:Chipetaia
1024:Asiomomys
1007:Omomyinae
960:Tatmanius
918:Aycrossia
847:Paraloris
812:Indusomys
754:Omomyidae
702:Kingdom:
440:252243877
424:0047-2484
354:in 2022.
311:Discovery
232:Species:
140:Kingdom:
134:Eukaryota
4030:10187103
4010:Wikidata
3963:10496446
3943:Wikidata
3790:Hominina
3766:Hominini
3683:Danuvius
3559:Ponginae
3518:Buronius
3464:Nomascus
3403:Simiolus
2292:Saguinus
2254:Cebuella
2206:Patasola
2126:Solimoea
2028:Alouatta
2019:Atelidae
1971:Pithecia
1719:Qatrania
1644:Arsinoea
1544:Eosimias
1178:Wyomomys
1143:Steinius
1129:Rooneyia
1087:Jemezius
995:Walshina
974:Tetonius
932:Gazinius
792:Kohatius
769:Altanius
722:Primates
716:Mammalia
710:Chordata
708:Phylum:
704:Animalia
561:: 11–12.
432:36113226
329:holotype
200:Family:
174:Primates
164:Mammalia
154:Chordata
150:Phylum:
144:Animalia
130:Domain:
4152:Gibbons
4089:primate
4051:ZooBank
3984:ZooBank
3851:Orrorin
3744:Gorilla
3440:Hoolock
2816:Nasalis
2759:Colobus
2285:Micodon
2220:Sapajus
2213:Saimiri
2147:Cebidae
2096:Oreonax
2052:Caipora
1873:Cacajao
1824:Aotidae
1705:Apidium
1678:Serapia
1651:Biretia
1537:Bahinia
1507:Afrasia
1471:Nosmips
1451:Amamria
1332:Tarsius
1298:Carlito
1219:Tarkops
1185:Yaquius
1150:Stockia
1122:Ourayia
1094:Loveina
720:Order:
714:Class:
291:Yuanmou
287:Miocene
283:gibbons
257:†
236:†
210:Genus:
170:Order:
160:Class:
105:↓
31:Miocene
4043:437259
3976:437258
3245:Ekembo
3040:Macaca
2905:Simias
2676:Alophe
2035:Ateles
1596:Krabia
1589:Ganlea
1164:Utahia
1115:Omomys
617:
438:
430:
422:
269:, 2006
226:, 2006
4084:This
3628:Pongo
3457:Junzi
3054:Papio
2166:Cebus
1833:Aotus
1205:Tarka
551:(PDF)
436:S2CID
299:China
4093:stub
4025:GBIF
3958:GBIF
3831:Homo
2516:Kapi
2275:Mico
615:ISBN
428:PMID
420:ISSN
44:PreꞒ
3779:Pan
607:doi
410:doi
406:171
267:Pan
224:Pan
4138::
4053::
4040::
4027::
4012::
3986::
3973::
3960::
3945::
643:.
613:,
601:,
576:.
559:21
557:.
553:.
525:.
498:^
478:^
461:.
448:^
434:.
426:.
418:.
404:.
400:.
386:^
297:,
293:,
94:Pg
38:Ma
33:,
4124:e
4117:t
4110:v
4099:.
3869:†
3865:?
3858:†
3854:?
3847:†
3837:†
3826:?
3819:†
3809:†
3805:?
3798:†
3757:?
3750:†
3739:?
3732:†
3708:?
3700:?
3664:†
3634:†
3617:†
3607:†
3597:†
3587:†
3577:†
3567:†
3544:†
3534:†
3524:†
3514:†
3477:†
3453:†
3429:†
3384:?
3369:?
3347:†
3332:†
3322:†
3312:†
3302:†
3292:†
3282:†
3278:?
3271:†
3261:†
3251:†
3241:†
3231:†
3117:†
3100:†
3090:†
3080:†
3070:†
3060:†
3022:†
3012:†
2982:†
2887:†
2870:†
2832:†
2822:†
2805:†
2795:†
2785:†
2775:†
2765:†
2748:†
2717:?
2709:?
2687:†
2672:†
2512:†
2483:†
2453:†
2416:†
2401:†
2391:†
2281:†
2202:†
2192:†
2182:†
2172:†
2155:†
2132:†
2122:†
2112:†
2102:†
2085:†
2068:†
2058:†
2048:†
2004:†
1994:†
1984:†
1960:†
1950:†
1940:†
1930:†
1920:†
1896:†
1886:†
1862:†
1839:†
1809:†
1799:†
1789:†
1779:†
1769:†
1759:†
1628:†
1584:?
1562:†
1525:†
1499:?
1494:†
1485:?
1478:†
1474:?
1467:†
1457:†
1447:†
1443:?
1436:†
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1338:†
1321:†
1311:†
1280:?
1278:"
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1271:†
1267:?
1260:†
1250:†
1009:"
1005:"
882:"
878:"
780:?
772:?
756:"
752:"
750:†
684:e
677:t
670:v
653:.
609::
586:.
535:.
472:.
442:.
412::
214:†
99:N
89:K
84:J
79:T
74:P
69:C
64:D
59:S
54:O
49:Ꞓ
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