814:
940:
787:
959:
827:
675:
532:
474:, about 90 Yak-12s were used from 1951, as liaison, patrol, and general utility planes. Most were withdrawn in the 1970s, the last in the 1980s. Most were next handed over to civil aviation. In Poland, the first civilian model was acquired in 1952, and larger numbers were used from the 1960s (at least 79). They were used mostly in regional aeroclubs for pilot training, parachute training, transport, and glider towing. 21 were used as air ambulances.
152:
901:
765:
144:
879:
720:
653:
840:
698:
26:
853:
742:
1124:
133:
523:(nominal power 104 kW/140 hp, take-off power 118 kW/160 hp) – Yak-12 basic variant; 9-cylinder AI-14R (nominal power 161 kW/220 hp, take-off power 191 kW/260 hp) – Yak-12R, M and A. Two-blade propeller. Two fuel tanks in wings, 225 L (55 US gal) each.
370:
replaced twin struts. Navigation equipment and controls were improved, and performance also increased. In the USSR, 3,801 of Yak-12s were built in all models (including 3,013 Yak-12R, M and A). An experimental
1228:
467:(civil). Licence-built Shenyangs were used in China and other countries. In some countries, including Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, the Russian name was transcribed as Jak-12.
316:
R radial and all-metal construction. The wing area increased (from 21.6 m to 23.8 m). This variant had the least wing loading of all Yak-12s, and therefore best
2962:
757:
operated Yak-12 aircraft (transcribed as Jak-12) since 1951, as liaison, patrol and general utility planes. Most were withdrawn in the 1970s, the last in the 1980s.
2957:
1411:
1232:
335:. This variant became more universal, offering a bigger payload. It took a pilot and 3 passengers and could be fitted with dual controls for training, a
2977:
945:
792:
460:
508:(automatic slats in Yak-12R and A, or fixed in other variants). Four-seat cabin (in early variants of Yak-12 – 2 or 3 seats). Conventional fixed
260:, Yakovlev developed a new aircraft to replace the Yak-10. This was fitted with a more powerful 119 kW (160 hp) M-11FR, a new wing and
2074:
2982:
1370:
1355:
1340:
1270:
2083:
386:
323:
After being lengthened to improve weight distribution, with further strengthening of the structure and other minor changes, from
1404:
586:
Main production version with further construction strengthening, a lengthened tailfin and other minor changes, built from 1955.
480:
On July 12, 2012, a Yak-12 chartered by Canada's
Kinross Gold Corporation, crashed shortly after takeoff from an airport in
207:
595:
refined version with a slimmer fuselage, engine cover with smaller diameter and some wing modifications, built from 1957.
2643:
2638:
2972:
452:
2967:
2891:
2881:
2067:
1397:
2663:
687:
245:, based on the same fuselage, and a series of 40 Yak-10s were produced, powered with a 108 kW (145 hp)
2467:
2741:
2726:
2553:
2548:
2543:
2487:
2482:
891:
272:, first flying in 1947. 788 of the basic variant were produced, including military observation planes, some
428:
and artillery observation plane. Then, they were used also in the Soviet civilian aviation – mostly in the
2987:
2916:
2861:
2477:
2016:
1981:
1971:
1885:
1875:
52:
31:
233:, built in a relatively small series. Yakovlev's first proposal was a four-place high-wing aircraft, the
2906:
2871:
2826:
2766:
2060:
929:
799:
567:
445:
293:. A distinguishing feature of the basic Yak-12, just like Yak-10, were engine cylinders with individual
283:
2381:
2256:
1169:
2696:
2597:
2340:
2335:
1445:
1440:
1435:
732:
958:
710:
665:
332:
176:
2607:
397:, the Yak-12A was built in Poland (1,054 Jak-12Ms, 137 Jak-12As), most for export to the USSR. In
2911:
2901:
2457:
921:
505:
437:
363:
340:
2251:
2231:
1262:
2756:
2612:
2350:
2041:
1366:
1351:
1336:
1266:
1174:
531:
151:
2806:
2716:
2686:
2633:
2558:
2497:
2492:
2386:
2360:
2211:
2036:
2031:
2026:
1991:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1794:
1742:
1722:
1254:
777:
754:
471:
425:
398:
394:
382:
362:
was smaller diameter. The rectangular wings were fitted with trapezoidal ends and automatic
347:
324:
305:
257:
238:
230:
215:
211:
195:
191:
164:
136:
75:
2201:
2936:
2931:
2886:
2866:
2851:
2846:
2841:
2836:
2711:
2533:
2523:
2447:
2396:
2320:
2021:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1890:
1880:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1789:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1717:
1707:
1686:
1681:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1522:
1507:
1502:
1164:
1147:
1142:
1129:
1037:
865:
501:
242:
234:
219:
114:
2216:
2176:
297:. It was a plane of a mixed construction and could take 1 or 2 passengers, apart from a
2921:
2681:
2572:
2502:
2452:
2345:
2305:
2300:
2261:
2241:
1951:
1946:
1840:
1702:
1676:
1671:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1589:
1574:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1152:
832:
680:
630:
577:
456:
402:
313:
226:
124:
2951:
2896:
2856:
2746:
2721:
2706:
2528:
2472:
2355:
2315:
2246:
2226:
2196:
1835:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1594:
1584:
1579:
1569:
1532:
1527:
1517:
1512:
1497:
1255:
925:
558:
520:
516:
441:
276:
250:
246:
1296:
143:
2831:
2821:
2811:
2801:
2771:
2761:
2751:
2731:
2701:
2538:
2325:
2271:
1328:
906:
770:
592:
509:
496:
Metal construction (Yak-12R, M, A) or mixed construction (Yak-12) braced high-wing
355:
261:
320:
performance (take-off run 52 m/171 ft, landing 81 m/266 ft).
2876:
2816:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2736:
2310:
2206:
1941:
1747:
2420:
2236:
2116:
1179:
1119:
549:
485:
481:
290:
225:. It was also meant to be used in civil aviation as a successor to Yakovlev's
25:
401:, further development of the Yak-12M was carried out in Poland, becoming the
2691:
2602:
2518:
2406:
2376:
1383:
917:
497:
433:
336:
331:("modernized") was produced. A visible difference was a lengthened, curved
2628:
2592:
2587:
2462:
2181:
2156:
1420:
1016:
884:
725:
658:
265:
187:
57:
2926:
2442:
2330:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2111:
1040:
9-cylinder, air-cooled, radial piston engine, 191 kW (256 hp)
1011:
845:
703:
602:
464:
375:
359:
298:
294:
222:
132:
500:, conventional in layout, metal and canvas covered. Wings fitted with
2796:
2791:
2391:
2266:
2221:
2191:
2186:
2171:
2166:
2161:
913:
858:
747:
429:
1389:
580:
engine and the plane construction became all-metal, built from 1952.
1229:"Chartered aircraft crashes enroute to Tasiast mine, killing seven"
2131:
2126:
2121:
957:
819:
612:
409:
367:
150:
142:
131:
155:
Tied down at the
Franklin County State Airport, Highgate, Vermont
317:
184:
2056:
2052:
1393:
268:
with a revised shape (lower tail). The new type was designated
358:
refined variant, with a slimmer fuselage and a new wing. The
477:
Some civil Yak-12s (mostly Yak-12A) remain in use in 2006.
424:
Yak-12s first entered service in the Soviet Air Force as a
916:
aero club operated Yak-12s for transport, pilot training,
210:'s team to meet a requirement of the Soviet Air Force of
543:
Basic variant built for military and civilian operators.
1333:
1061:
182 km/h (113 mph, 98 kn) at sea level
312:. It was fitted with a new 194 kW (260 hp)
194:, Soviet civilian aviation and other countries from
2672:
2656:
2621:
2580:
2571:
2511:
2435:
2419:
2369:
2293:
2284:
2104:
2091:
1934:
1803:
1782:
1756:
1695:
1664:
1603:
1428:
1159:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
120:
110:
102:
94:
89:
81:
71:
63:
51:
43:
38:
18:
1067:127 km/h (79 mph, 69 kn) economical
969:OKB Yakovlev, Soviet Transport Aircraft since 1945
451:Apart from the Soviet Union, Yak-12s were used in
378:was also developed, but did not enter production.
147:Polish civilian Yak-12M taking off towing a glider
1253:Gordon, Yefim; Dmitry; Sergey Komissarov (2005).
304:The next generation Yak-12 entered production in
635:Polish development of the licence-built Yak-12M.
2068:
1405:
621:Yak-12M licence-built in Poland, 1,054 built.
343:device. It became the most numerous variant.
8:
1350:, TBiU nr.90, Wydawnictwo MON, Warsaw 1983,
2573:WSK-Świdnik / WSK PZL-Świdnik / PZL-Świdnik
627:Yak-12A licence-built in Poland, 137 built.
218:and utility plane, to replace the obsolete
2577:
2432:
2290:
2101:
2075:
2061:
2053:
1412:
1398:
1390:
576:Improved version of the Yak-12 powered by
15:
1098:1,000 m (3,300 ft) in 4 minutes
432:aero club for transport, pilot training,
241:. It won the competition with a low-wing
2675:/ PZL Bielsko-Biała / Allstar PZL Glider
1261:. Hinkley: Midland Publishing. pp.
1080:765 km (475 mi, 413 nmi)
530:
393:(Polish spelling of Russian name). From
1297:"The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage"
1193:
237:(first named Yak-14), built in January
2963:1940s Soviet military utility aircraft
1074:82 km/h (51 mph; 44 kn)
7:
1363:Soviet Transport Aircraft since 1945
2958:1940s Soviet civil utility aircraft
381:The Yak-12M was licence-built from
346:The last generation, produced from
1001:3.12 m (10 ft 3 in)
14:
1335:. London:Osprey Aerospace, 1995.
1007:23.8 m (256 sq ft)
1122:
938:
899:
877:
851:
838:
825:
812:
785:
763:
740:
718:
696:
673:
651:
535:Yak-12M, main production version
408:The Yak-12 was also produced in
24:
2978:Single-engined tractor aircraft
2673:Szybowcowy Zakład Doświadczalny
995:9 m (29 ft 6 in)
924:towing. They were also used as
440:towing. They were also used as
1092:4.1 m/s (810 ft/min)
1046:2-bladed fixed-pitch propeller
1:
1348:Samolot wielozadaniowy Jak-12
1086:4,160 m (13,650 ft)
1030:1,450 kg (3,197 lb)
1024:1,026 kg (2,262 lb)
2983:Aircraft first flown in 1946
2421:WSK-Mielec / WSK PZL-Mielec
1231:. 2012-07-12. Archived from
339:for an ambulance role or an
30:Yak-12 (basic model) at the
206:The Yak-12 was designed by
67:In use in civilian aviation
3004:
2096:Państwowe Zakłady Lotnicze
1320:Gunston 1995, pp. 471–472.
1200:Gunston 1995, pp. 468–469.
820:People's Republic of China
463:(civil and military), and
688:Czechoslovakian Air Force
168:
23:
2427:Polskie Zakłady Lotnicze
1105:126 m (413 ft)
954:Specifications (Yak-12M)
690:only one Yak 12R tested.
611:Yak-12 licence-built in
183:") is a light multirole
1365:. London:Putnam, 1968.
1301:m-selig.ae.illinois.edu
1111:90 m (300 ft)
974:General characteristics
963:
605:version, not produced.
570:version of the Yak-12.
561:version of the Yak-12.
552:version of the Yak-12.
536:
202:Design and development
171:, also transcribed as
156:
148:
140:
32:Polish Aviation Museum
2287:/ PZL Warszawa-Okęcie
1218:Gunston 1995, p. 471.
1209:Gunston 1995, p. 470.
962:Yak-12 3-view drawing
961:
930:agricultural aircraft
871:Air ambulance service
800:Yugoslavian Air Force
534:
446:agricultural aircraft
341:agricultural spraying
284:agricultural aircraft
154:
146:
135:
85:4,992 (without China)
1386:at Ugolok Neba site.
1285:Stroud 1968, p. 256.
733:Military of Mongolia
308:, starting with the
1384:Photos and drawings
1137:Related development
711:Hungarian Air Force
666:Bulgarian Air Force
420:Operational history
177:NATO reporting name
39:General information
2973:High-wing aircraft
2257:PZL.53 Jastrząb II
1346:Benedykt Kempski:
1170:Aero L-60 Brigadýr
964:
645:Military operators
537:
157:
149:
141:
2968:Yakovlev aircraft
2945:
2944:
2652:
2651:
2567:
2566:
2415:
2414:
2285:CSS / WSK-Okęcie
2280:
2279:
2050:
2049:
1358:(Polish language)
1295:Lednicer, David.
1175:Piper PA-20 Pacer
1096:Time to altitude:
512:with tail wheel.
385:in Poland as the
130:
129:
95:Introduction date
2995:
2578:
2433:
2361:PZL-230 Skorpion
2291:
2102:
2092:PZL - up to 1939
2077:
2070:
2063:
2054:
1414:
1407:
1400:
1391:
1321:
1318:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1292:
1286:
1283:
1277:
1276:
1260:
1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1225:
1219:
1216:
1210:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1132:
1127:
1126:
1125:
1084:Service ceiling:
1054:
989:three passengers
976:
944:
942:
941:
905:
903:
902:
883:
881:
880:
857:
855:
854:
844:
842:
841:
831:
829:
828:
818:
816:
815:
791:
789:
788:
778:Soviet Air Force
769:
767:
766:
755:Polish Air Force
746:
744:
743:
724:
722:
721:
702:
700:
699:
679:
677:
676:
657:
655:
654:
472:Polish Air Force
192:Soviet Air Force
170:
137:Polish Air Force
76:Soviet Air Force
47:Utility aircraft
28:
16:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2992:
2948:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2674:
2668:
2648:
2617:
2563:
2507:
2422:
2411:
2365:
2341:PZL-111 Koliber
2336:PZL-110 Koliber
2321:PZL-105 Flaming
2286:
2276:
2252:PZL.50 Jastrząb
2093:
2087:
2081:
2051:
2046:
1930:
1799:
1778:
1752:
1748:Yak-242 (MC-21)
1691:
1660:
1599:
1424:
1418:
1380:
1325:
1324:
1319:
1315:
1305:
1303:
1294:
1293:
1289:
1284:
1280:
1273:
1252:
1251:
1247:
1238:
1236:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1190:
1165:Fieseler Fi 156
1148:Yakovlev Yak-13
1143:Yakovlev Yak-10
1130:Aviation portal
1128:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1099:
1068:
1050:
1038:Ivchenko AI-14R
972:
956:
939:
937:
900:
898:
878:
876:
866:Aeroklub Polski
852:
850:
839:
837:
826:
824:
813:
811:
808:
806:Civil operators
786:
784:
764:
762:
741:
739:
719:
717:
697:
695:
674:
672:
652:
650:
647:
642:
608:Shenyang type 5
593:Aerodynamically
578:Ivchenko AI-14R
529:
494:
422:
414:Shenyang type 5
356:aerodynamically
204:
161:Yakovlev Yak-12
115:Yakovlev Yak-10
34:
12:
11:
5:
3001:
2999:
2991:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2950:
2949:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2894:
2889:
2884:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2834:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2660:
2658:
2657:WSK PZL-Krosno
2654:
2653:
2650:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2584:
2582:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2500:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2460:
2455:
2450:
2445:
2439:
2437:
2430:
2417:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2410:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2351:PZL-126 Mrówka
2348:
2346:PZL-112 Junior
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2306:PZL-101 Gawron
2303:
2297:
2295:
2288:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2277:
2275:
2274:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2242:PZL.48 Lampart
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2162:PZL.12 (PZL-H)
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2099:
2089:
2088:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2065:
2057:
2048:
2047:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1868:
1863:
1858:
1853:
1848:
1843:
1838:
1833:
1828:
1823:
1818:
1813:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1786:
1784:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1758:
1757:Reconnaissance
1754:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1653:
1648:
1643:
1638:
1633:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1613:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1600:
1598:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
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1361:Stroud, John.
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436:training, and
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403:PZL-101 Gawron
366:, also single
314:Ivchenko AI-14
277:air ambulances
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169:Яковлев Як-12
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2423:/ PZL Mielec
2401:
2326:PZL-106 Kruk
2272:PZL.56 Kania
2232:PZL.45 Sokół
2177:PZL.23 Karaś
2095:
1935:Experimental
1712:
1362:
1347:
1332:
1316:
1304:. Retrieved
1300:
1290:
1281:
1257:OKB Yakovlev
1256:
1248:
1237:. Retrieved
1233:the original
1223:
1214:
1205:
1196:
1184:
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1109:Landing run:
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907:Soviet Union
771:Soviet Union
568:Agricultural
514:
510:landing gear
495:
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423:
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387:WSK-4 Okecie
380:
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354:. It was an
351:
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309:
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287:
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273:
269:
255:
205:
190:used by the
180:
172:
160:
158:
103:First flight
82:Number built
72:Primary user
53:Manufacturer
2937:S-4 Kania 2
2534:TS-11 Iskra
2311:PZL-102 Kos
2207:PZL.38 Wilk
2197:PZL.30 Żubr
1886:Yak-50 (II)
1876:Yak-30 (II)
1783:Helicopters
1646:Yak-25 (II)
1052:Performance
1044:Propellers:
1034:Powerplant:
492:Description
291:floatplanes
2952:Categories
2402:PZL Jak-12
2301:TS-16 Grot
2262:PZL.54 Ryś
2247:PZL.49 Miś
2237:PZL.46 Sum
2202:PZL.37 Łoś
2017:Yak-50 (I)
1982:Yak-30 (I)
1972:Yak-25 (I)
1696:Transports
1239:2012-08-16
1188:References
1180:Cessna 170
1005:Wing area:
946:Yugoslavia
868:since 1952
793:Yugoslavia
550:Floatplane
486:Mauritania
482:Nouakchott
461:Yugoslavia
350:, was the
214:for a new
2932:S-3 Kania
2529:TS-8 Bies
2519:LWD Szpak
2377:WSK Junak
987:Capacity:
967:Data from
918:parachute
640:Operators
564:Yak-12SKh
498:monoplane
434:parachute
337:stretcher
281:Yak-12SKh
198:onwards.
2086:aircraft
2042:Yak-1000
1804:Trainers
1604:Fighters
1423:aircraft
1421:Yakovlev
1306:16 April
1116:See also
1017:Clark YH
885:Mongolia
726:Mongolia
659:Bulgaria
546:Yak-12GR
527:Variants
295:cowlings
288:Yak-12GR
266:fuselage
264:, and a
208:Yakovlev
188:aircraft
121:Variants
58:Yakovlev
2331:PZL-107
2037:Yak-201
2032:Yak-141
2027:Yak-140
1926:Yak-210
1921:Yak-200
1916:Yak-152
1911:Yak-130
1795:Yak-100
1743:Yak-112
1723:Yak-18T
1665:Bombers
1012:Airfoil
999:Height:
993:Length:
846:Hungary
704:Hungary
624:Jak-12A
618:Jak-12M
603:biplane
598:Yak-12B
589:Yak-12A
583:Yak-12M
573:Yak-12R
555:Yak-12S
515:Single
470:In the
465:Hungary
426:liaison
391:Jak-12M
376:biplane
373:Yak-12B
360:cowling
352:Yak-12A
333:tailfin
329:Yak-12M
310:Yak-12R
274:Yak-12S
223:biplane
216:liaison
165:Russian
139:Yak-12M
90:History
2922:SZD-59
2917:SZD-56
2912:SZD-55
2907:SZD-54
2902:SZD-52
2897:SZD-51
2892:SZD-50
2887:SZD-49
2882:SZD-48
2877:SZD-45
2872:SZD-43
2867:SZD-42
2862:SZD-41
2857:SZD-40
2852:SZD-39
2847:SZD-38
2842:SZD-37
2837:SZD-36
2832:SZD-35
2827:SZD-34
2822:SZD-33
2817:SZD-32
2812:SZD-31
2807:SZD-30
2802:SZD-29
2797:SZD-28
2792:SZD-27
2787:SZD-26
2782:SZD-25
2777:SZD-24
2772:SZD-23
2767:SZD-22
2762:SZD-21
2757:SZD-20
2752:SZD-19
2747:SZD-18
2742:SZD-17
2737:SZD-16
2732:SZD-15
2727:SZD-14
2722:SZD-13
2717:SZD-12
2712:SZD-11
2707:SZD-10
2634:SZD-30
2622:Other:
2524:CSS-13
2512:Other:
2397:CSS-13
2392:CSS-12
2387:CSS-11
2382:CSS-10
2370:Other:
2267:PZL.55
2222:PZL.43
2217:PZL.42
2212:PZL.39
2192:PZL.27
2187:PZL.26
2172:PZL.19
2167:PZL.16
2022:Yak-60
2012:Yak-46
2007:Yak-45
2002:Yak-44
1997:Yak-43
1992:Yak-41
1987:Yak-36
1977:Yak-26
1967:Yak-19
1962:Yak-16
1957:Yak-13
1906:Yak-55
1901:Yak-54
1896:Yak-53
1891:Yak-52
1881:Yak-32
1871:Yak-28
1866:Yak-21
1861:Yak-20
1856:Yak-18
1851:Yak-17
1846:Yak-11
1790:Yak-24
1774:Pchela
1769:Yak-27
1764:Yak-25
1738:Yak-58
1733:Yak-42
1728:Yak-40
1718:Yak-14
1713:Yak-12
1708:Yak-10
1687:Yak-35
1682:Yak-28
1656:Yak-38
1651:Yak-28
1641:Yak-23
1636:Yak-17
1631:Yak-15
1533:AIR-18
1528:AIR-17
1523:AIR-16
1518:AIR-15
1513:AIR-14
1508:AIR-12
1503:AIR-11
1498:AIR-10
1446:AVF-34
1441:AVF-20
1436:AVF-10
1369:
1354:
1339:
1269:
1265:-264.
1078:Range:
943:
922:glider
914:DOSAAF
904:
882:
859:Poland
856:
843:
830:
817:
790:
768:
748:Poland
745:
723:
701:
678:
656:
540:Yak-12
521:M-11FR
453:Poland
438:glider
430:DOSAAF
368:struts
270:Yak-12
251:radial
243:Yak-13
235:Yak-10
173:Jak-12
64:Status
19:Yak-12
2702:SZD-9
2697:SZD-8
2692:SZD-7
2687:SZD-6
2682:SZD-C
2664:KR-03
2603:Kania
2559:Lim-6
2554:Lim-5
2549:Lim-2
2544:Lim-1
2407:MD-12
2132:PZL.5
2127:PZL.4
2122:PZL.3
1952:Yak-8
1947:Yak-5
1841:Yak-7
1836:UT-23
1831:UT-21
1826:UT-15
1703:Yak-6
1677:Yak-4
1672:Yak-2
1626:Yak-9
1621:Yak-7
1616:Yak-3
1611:Yak-1
1595:Ya-23
1590:Ya-22
1585:Ya-21
1580:Ya-20
1575:Ya-19
1570:Ya-10
1493:AIR-9
1488:AIR-8
1483:AIR-7
1478:AIR-6
1473:AIR-5
1468:AIR-4
1463:AIR-3
1458:AIR-2
1453:AIR-1
981:Crew:
613:China
506:slats
504:and
502:flaps
410:China
389:, or
364:slats
299:pilot
227:AIR-6
181:Creek
2644:PW-6
2639:PW-5
2629:Mi-2
2613:SW-4
2598:SM-4
2593:SM-2
2588:SM-1
2581:PZL:
2539:An-2
2503:I-22
2498:M-28
2493:M-26
2488:M-25
2483:M-24
2478:M-21
2473:M-20
2468:M-18
2463:M-17
2458:M-15
2436:PZL:
2294:PZL:
2182:P.24
2157:P.11
2105:PZL:
1821:UT-3
1816:UT-2
1811:UT-1
1565:Ya-7
1560:Ya-6
1555:Ya-4
1550:Ya-3
1545:Ya-2
1540:Ya-1
1367:ISBN
1352:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1308:2019
1267:ISBN
1036:1 ×
928:and
892:MIAT
444:and
399:1958
395:1959
383:1956
348:1957
327:the
325:1955
318:STOL
306:1952
286:and
258:1947
239:1945
231:1934
220:Po-2
212:1944
196:1947
185:STOL
159:The
106:1946
98:1947
44:Type
2927:S-1
2608:W-3
2453:M-4
2448:M-3
2443:M-2
2152:P.9
2147:P.8
2142:P.7
2137:P.6
2117:Ł.2
2112:P.1
2084:PZL
1263:256
983:one
412:as
256:In
229:of
179:: "
2954::
1942:EG
1331:.
1299:.
488:.
484:,
459:,
455:,
448:.
416:.
405:.
301:.
279:,
253:.
249:M
175:,
167::
2429:)
2425:(
2098:)
2094:(
2076:e
2069:t
2062:v
1413:e
1406:t
1399:v
1373:.
1343:.
1310:.
1275:.
1242:.
1014::
932:.
615:.
163:(
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