518:". When he was asked how he, as an atheist, could regulate religion in China, he replied, "In China, the director of sports does not play sports; the director of tobacco does not smoke; and the director of religious affairs does not believe in any religion". He said that the Protestant population in China has grown from 10 million in 1999, to 15 million in 2003 and further to 16 million in 2009.
53:
553:
and affirms that reincarnations done without state approval were illegal. His administration then affirmed that the government would only intervene in religious issues "related to national and societal interests". Some interpreted this order as a renewed assertion of power to choose the next
1622:
1617:
290:, while Ye Xiaowen remained its director. He acknowledged presiding over religions in China, and changed policy to say that religion has a place in society, although he persecuted groups that he thought brought foreign control to Chinese churches, like the
1495:
1612:
1627:
1488:
472:. He insisted that the government had to act against Falun Gong on behalf of science, civilization, and human rights, although he promised that the police would not persecute people who practiced alone in their homes.
1481:
1018:
708:
310:. All the while, he traveled often to the United States to defend his religious policy against criticism. Ye was relieved of his religious post in September 2009 to direct the Central Institute of Socialism.
476:
argues that Ye and the CCP banned Falun Gong not for their general antipathy towards religion, but for Falun Gong's insistence on "independence from state control", a commonality with
Tibetan Buddhism.
358:
to find out why some young people were religious, and to try to convert them to the Youth League instead. The reflective article he wrote earned him the attention of religious and CCP leaders in China.
453:
1602:
598:
1582:
278:. At the beginning of his work in the Bureau, he held a view to minimize the influence of religion in the socialist China. There, he worked to prevent religious unrest, select the
1239:
1207:
418:
275:
654:
was especially critical of Ye's legacy, calling him "a perfect representative of the idea that religions should be subservient to the power and supremacy of the Party".
390:. Therefore, he argues, the state must stress "self-governance, self-support, and self-sufficiency" in Chinese religious organizations. This greatly influenced Chinese
618:. Entitled, "Shangri-La has changed and Tibetans know it", he criticized those who thought themselves "'experts' after reading a mere handful of texts". Quoting from
918:
1272:
264:
626:, he said that Tibet would only become "an everlasting peaceful land" if separatist agitation were quashed and all ethnic groups in Tibet developed equally.
382:. On the other hand, Ye vindicates the CCP's suspicions about foreign missionaries in Europe's colonial past with China, and religion's role in overthrowing
347:
1505:
1425:
538:
491:
295:
287:
93:
1338:
587:
601:. There, he expressed hope for reconciliation with the Vatican, with whom the People's Republic does not currently have ties because it recognizes
562:
responded in an interview with a
Japanese newspaper, threatening to break with tradition and choose his own successor while he was still living.
362:
The article criticized the CCP leadership as regarding religion as "backward and fatuous", and for simply hoping that young people would become
1369:
425:
contained nothing offensive to religious people. When he saw that 100 children were set to dance with lanterns shaped as pigs' heads (pigs are
1185:
1111:
1597:
1070:
883:
838:
755:
806:
1251:
889:
844:
1217:
1607:
989:
1149:
1022:
712:
594:
914:
775:
426:
366:. It acknowledged that religion "has mass appeal and is going to be around for a long time", and that it is "compatible with a
351:
1587:
1153:
1094:
940:
635:
507:
910:
495:
442:
246:
575:
339:
222:
1284:
522:
499:
875:
498:, or Chinese churches' independence from foreign influence. In practice, this meant the attempted eradication of
430:
1473:
546:
537:", acknowledging the rapid revival of religiosity following China's economic reforms. In 2007, Ye announced
422:
331:
307:
210:
1577:
515:
460:
belief system in July 1995. Ye gave a press conference three months later, accusing Falun Gong of being a
1330:
379:
291:
283:
1572:
1465:
747:
571:
156:
1536:
1526:
1396:
1359:
85:
1175:
1123:
609:
406:
398:
387:
375:
510:. This crackdown was received poorly by international audiences, so he held a press conference in
1521:
1306:
1212:
1058:
1053:
Jesus in
Beijing: how Christianity is transforming China and changing the global balance of power
984:
802:
590:
534:
526:
402:
1450:
975:
744:
How China's
Leaders Think: The Inside Story of China's Reform and What This Means for the Future
639:
473:
144:
1531:
646:
was promoted to
Director, a routine move that is not expected to effect changes in policy. The
1090:
1066:
1062:
1051:
948:
879:
869:
834:
828:
751:
279:
268:
405:
for being too restrictive or not restrictive enough. Ye later reflected that he had to quote
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446:
391:
1119:
979:
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355:
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24:
1010:
704:
514:
in 2003. He was received with hostility, but was said to have answered questions "like a
1546:
1435:
643:
494:
in 1998, and Ye remained its director. Here he worked to implement the doctrine of the
116:
771:
597:'s last annual report on religious freedom, and explained the muted response over the
1566:
1516:
865:
550:
461:
417:
In July 1995, Ye was appointed director of the Bureau of
Religious Affairs under the
338:
after the discipline was suppressed for 20 years, becoming vice director of the
303:
1364:[New Chairman for SARA, Experts Says Policy Has Not Changed] (in Chinese).
1180:
1046:
619:
583:
371:
29:
20:
1145:
1334:
1310:
614:
525:, Ye Xiaowen "rejected decades of state ambivalence toward religion" by telling
511:
469:
465:
394:
200:
634:
Ye was promoted in
September 2009 to the Secretary of the CCP committee at the
1623:
Alternate members of the 17th
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
1618:
Alternate members of the 16th
Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
623:
555:
457:
217:
578:
concerns about
Chinese religious policy. He met with Undersecretary of State
437:
to obscure recognition. That same year, Ye presided over the enthronement of
274:
In 1995, Ye became the director of the Bureau of Religious Affairs under the
1551:
434:
367:
343:
335:
319:
185:
1365:
1115:
530:
503:
1087:
Chinese Christianity: An Interplay between Global and Local Perspectives
397:'s reformist attitudes on religion, which were attacked on both the CCP
378:, and recommended that China loosen its grip on religion as part of the
1243:
363:
327:
52:
1613:
Members of the 13th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
602:
541:, a regulation to take force in September about the reincarnation of
254:
1628:
Members of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
1247:
542:
323:
189:
574:
in February, Ye Xiaowen traveled to the United States to address
1477:
803:"Ye Xiaowen, party hound on Vatican and religions, is promoted"
593:. He said that China respects religious belief, criticized the
334:(CCP) in 1975. Ye was one of the few Chinese students to study
429:), and that it was too late to change the routine, he ordered
1019:
Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
709:
Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China
691:
Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950-2000
670:
Ye, Xiaowen (1996). "'Dangqian Woguo de Zongjiao Wenti' ".
454:
Ministry of Civil Affairs of the People's Republic of China
286:. In 1998, the Bureau of Religious Affairs was renamed the
267:
who held various top posts relating to state regulation of
612:, Ye published an opinion piece in a December edition of
1146:"China Regulates the Reincarnation of the Living Buddha"
421:. One of his first tasks was to make sure that the 1995
1457:
Party Secretary of the Central Institute of Socialism
468:, anti-medicine, of harassing people en masse, and of
409:
in order for the CCP members to listen to his ideas.
318:
Ye Xiaowen was born in 1950 to a teachers' family in
123:
Party Secretary of the Central Institute of Socialism
939:
Lum, Thomas (2004-01-23). "China and "Falun Gong"".
228:
216:
206:
196:
171:
166:
150:
138:
122:
110:
91:
79:
63:
38:
1050:
1603:People's Republic of China politicians from Hunan
830:Directory of officials and organizations in China
533:in particular, has a "unique role in promoting a
354:. As part of his mandate in 1992, he traveled to
350:of Guizhou, he was made Secretary of the Guizhou
298:, which attempted to reduce the influence of the
1240:"Tibetans plot future, Dalai Lama reincarnation"
506:(which he considered "colonial") and not to the
490:The Bureau of Religious Affairs was renamed the
419:State Council of the People's Republic of China
1583:Chinese Communist Party politicians from Hunan
549:. It increased vetting of temples that handle
441:, the controversial government choice for the
1489:
1307:"Shangri-La has changed and Tibetans know it"
1238:Cahill, Petra; Baculinao, Eric (2008-11-18).
8:
1403:Director of the Bureau of Religious Affairs
1011:"State Administration for Religious Affairs"
64:Director of the Bureau of Religious Affairs
1506:State Administration for Religious Affairs
1496:
1482:
1474:
1426:State Administration for Religious Affairs
1385:
622:, the work that introduced the concept of
539:State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5
492:State Administration for Religious Affairs
481:State Administration for Religious Affairs
296:State Religious Affairs Bureau Order No. 5
288:State Administration for Religious Affairs
94:State Administration for Religious Affairs
51:
35:
1273:"China Official Explains Religion Policy"
833:. Vol. 1. M.E. Sharpe. p. 468.
1176:"Dalai Lama defies China over successor"
693:. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
689:Leung, Beatrice; Chan, Shunning (2003).
672:Zhonggong Zhongyang Danxiao Baogao Xuan
1105:
1103:
737:
735:
733:
731:
729:
662:
1041:
1039:
957:
946:
599:Dalai Lama's Congressional Gold Medal
7:
796:
794:
792:
801:Cervellera, Bernardo (2009-09-17).
582:, ambassador for religious freedom
340:Guizhou Academy of Social Sciences
223:Guizhou Academy of Social Sciences
14:
1150:China Internet Information Center
508:official Catholic Church in China
1208:"The burden of being Dalai Lama"
915:State Council Information Office
521:In the same week in 2006 of the
302:and other foreign groups on the
1372:from the original on 2012-02-23
1341:from the original on 2010-11-28
1188:from the original on 2017-08-03
1156:from the original on 2010-07-19
1025:from the original on 2011-03-15
992:from the original on 2012-10-14
921:from the original on 2010-06-18
892:from the original on 2023-09-16
871:The Search for the Panchen Lama
847:from the original on 2023-09-16
809:from the original on 2019-01-16
778:from the original on 2011-08-12
715:from the original on 2012-04-05
1206:Saxena, Shobhan (2009-10-31).
941:Congressional Research Service
742:Kuhn, Robert Lawrence (2009).
636:Central Institute of Socialism
630:Central Institute of Socialism
529:that religion in general, and
284:controversial Falun Gong group
259:
250:
1:
1174:Sturcke, James (2007-11-27).
496:Three-Self Patriotic Movement
1598:Chinese government officials
1283:. 2008-02-24. Archived from
1110:Beech, Hannah (2006-04-24).
413:Bureau of Religious Affairs
370:society." He condemned the
1644:
1305:Xiaowen, Ye (2008-12-08).
876:W. W. Norton & Company
486:Three-Self and Order No. 5
18:
1608:Politicians from Changsha
1512:
1462:
1455:
1447:
1442:
1432:
1422:
1416:
1408:
1401:
1393:
1388:
1144:Rui, Zhang (2007-08-03).
911:"Statement by Ye Xiaowen"
772:"Biography of Ye Xiaowen"
642:. Former Deputy Director
456:banned the controversial
427:ritually unclean in Islam
326:, although he grew up in
263:; born August 1950) is a
236:
162:
127:
99:
75:July 1995 – 1998
68:
59:
50:
45:
1443:Party political offices
1360:
980:"How China Got Religion"
588:Archbishop of Washington
431:China Central Television
547:Tibet Autonomous Region
348:CCP committee secretary
332:Chinese Communist Party
211:Chinese Communist Party
827:Lamb, Malcolm (2002).
352:Communist Youth League
294:. In 2007 he declared
1588:People from Ningxiang
748:John Wiley & Sons
595:U.S. State Department
572:2008 Beijing Olympics
407:Karl Marx on religion
380:reform and opening up
314:Early life and career
292:Roman Catholic Church
1126:on September 3, 2010
750:. pp. 362–372.
570:In the runup to the
523:World Buddhist Forum
423:CCTV New Year's Gala
1331:"Personnel Changes"
1085:Peter Tze Ming Ng.
610:2008 Tibetan unrest
576:Bush administration
566:Olympics and unrest
500:Chinese Catholicism
388:Revolutions of 1989
376:Cultural Revolution
271:from 1995 to 2009.
1389:Political offices
1213:The Times of India
1059:Regnery Publishing
985:The New York Times
591:Theodore McCarrick
535:harmonious society
527:Xinhua News Agency
265:Chinese politician
16:Chinese politician
1560:
1559:
1504:Directors of the
1472:
1471:
1463:Succeeded by
1433:Succeeded by
1409:Succeeded by
1072:978-0-89526-128-1
956:Missing or empty
885:978-0-393-32167-8
840:978-0-7656-1020-1
757:978-0-470-82445-0
443:11th Panchen Lama
342:. In 1985, after
280:11th Panchen Lama
269:religion in China
240:
239:
1635:
1498:
1491:
1484:
1475:
1460:2009–2016
1448:Preceded by
1430:1998–2009
1424:Director of the
1417:Preceded by
1406:1995–1998
1394:Preceded by
1386:
1381:
1380:
1378:
1377:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1347:
1346:
1327:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1302:
1296:
1295:
1293:
1292:
1281:Associated Press
1279:: Sudan Vision.
1269:
1263:
1262:
1260:
1259:
1250:. Archived from
1235:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1225:
1216:. Archived from
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1193:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1141:
1135:
1134:
1132:
1131:
1122:. Archived from
1107:
1098:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1056:
1043:
1034:
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1030:
1007:
1001:
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695:
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686:
680:
679:
667:
580:Paula Dobriansky
447:Tibetan Buddhism
392:paramount leader
384:communist states
374:excesses of the
346:was promoted to
330:. He joined the
320:Ningxiang County
261:
252:
182:
180:
167:Personal details
153:
141:
132:
113:
104:
92:Director of the
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36:
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1159:
1157:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1129:
1127:
1112:"Renewed Faith"
1109:
1108:
1101:
1089:. BRILL, 2012.
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1080:
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774:. China Vitae.
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648:Catholic Church
632:
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560:14th Dalai Lama
488:
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439:Gyaincain Norbu
415:
356:Northwest China
316:
300:14th Dalai Lama
207:Political party
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1539:
1537:Zhang Shengzuo
1534:
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1527:Qiao Liansheng
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1414:
1413:
1411:Post abolished
1410:
1407:
1400:
1397:Zhang Shengzuo
1395:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1382:
1368:. 2009-09-18.
1361:宗教局長換人 專家指政策不變
1351:
1337:. 2009-09-22.
1322:
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1136:
1099:
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1021:. 2009-12-22.
1015:China Factfile
1002:
978:(2007-10-11).
967:
931:
917:. 1999-11-04.
902:
884:
866:Hilton, Isabel
857:
839:
819:
788:
763:
756:
725:
711:. 2005-09-26.
696:
681:
661:
659:
656:
631:
628:
586:, and retired
567:
564:
558:. The current
551:reincarnations
543:living Buddhas
487:
484:
482:
479:
466:antiscientific
414:
411:
372:anti-religious
315:
312:
304:reincarnations
282:, and ban the
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86:Zhang Shengzuo
83:
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66:
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1579:
1578:Living people
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1543:
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1517:He Chengxiang
1515:
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1363:
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1352:
1340:
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1323:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1298:
1287:on 2011-07-16
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1268:
1265:
1254:on 2011-06-04
1253:
1249:
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1241:
1234:
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1220:on 2012-11-03
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1047:Aikman, David
1042:
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976:Zizek, Slavoj
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805:. Asia News.
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1374:. Retrieved
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1285:the original
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1218:the original
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1181:The Guardian
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705:"Ye Xiaowen"
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650:-affiliated
638:, replacing
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474:Slavoj Žižek
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21:Chinese name
1573:1950 births
1547:Wang Zuo'an
1522:Xiao Xianfa
1436:Wang Zuo'an
1335:China Daily
1311:China Daily
1061:. pp.
644:Wang Zuo'an
615:China Daily
512:Los Angeles
470:tax evasion
395:Jiang Zemin
201:Han Chinese
197:Nationality
175:August 1950
140:Preceded by
117:Wang Zuo'an
81:Preceded by
25:family name
1567:Categories
1542:Ye Xiaowen
1451:Lou Zhihao
1376:2010-08-26
1345:2010-08-26
1316:2010-08-26
1291:2010-08-26
1277:Washington
1258:2010-08-26
1224:2010-08-26
1192:2010-08-26
1160:2010-08-26
1130:2010-08-26
1095:9004225757
1029:2010-08-26
996:2010-08-26
958:|url=
925:2010-08-26
896:2016-10-29
851:2016-10-29
813:2010-08-26
782:2010-08-26
719:2010-08-26
678:(5): 9–23.
658:References
640:Lou Zhihao
624:Shangri-La
608:After the
556:Dalai Lama
458:Falun Gong
435:long shots
260:Yè Xiǎowén
243:Ye Xiaowen
232:Politician
229:Occupation
218:Alma mater
145:Lou Zhihao
40:Ye Xiaowen
1552:Cui Maohu
1532:Ren Wuzhi
652:Asia News
502:loyal to
368:socialist
344:Hu Jintao
336:sociology
186:Ningxiang
134:2009–2016
130:In office
106:1998–2009
102:In office
71:In office
1370:Archived
1366:Ming Pao
1339:Archived
1186:Archived
1154:Archived
1116:Shanghai
1049:(2003).
1023:Archived
990:Archived
949:cite web
919:Archived
890:Archived
868:(2001).
845:Archived
807:Archived
776:Archived
713:Archived
531:Buddhism
364:atheists
19:In this
1593:Tuanpai
1466:Pan Yue
1244:Beijing
1097:. p. 78
1063:176–178
545:in the
386:in the
328:Guizhou
247:Chinese
192:, China
179:1950-08
177: (
157:Pan Yue
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603:Taiwan
257::
255:pinyin
249::
23:, the
1248:MSNBC
399:right
324:Henan
308:Tibet
190:Hunan
1120:Time
1091:ISBN
1067:ISBN
962:help
880:ISBN
835:ISBN
752:ISBN
504:Rome
452:The
403:left
401:and
172:Born
676:101
445:of
306:in
251:叶小文
46:叶小文
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