870:(195–256), and the last historical reference to him was in an imperial invitation of 266. Shaughnessy says Kong's commentary was added to the text "sometime in the middle of the third century A.D., but certainly before the 280 opening of King Xiang's tomb." Histories listed many scholars – but not Kong Zhao – who worked on deciphering the bamboo strips.
1073:
contained "exaggerations" and "immoral" notions ascribed to the past sages (bringing "Shi fu" chapter as an example for the first, and "Guan ren", "Da wu", "Da ming" for the second). He concluded on those grounds that they could not have been authentic Zhou documents, and thus Liu Xiang's claim that
1064:
was condemned as inadequate representation of history by the traditional
Confucian scholars of the late imperial period, beginning from the Song dynasty (Ding Fu, Hong Mai). Their standpoints were characterized by merging of moralistic judgement into textual criticism. Most pronounced condemnation
1077:
Yegor
Grebnev has recently shown that the "Shi fu" chapter is a compilation of a number of pre-existing texts. The organization of the chapter, the totals of captives and animals, etc., are best understood in this light, and as demonstrating an ideal of kingship far removed from the moralistic
492:
McNeal disagrees with
Shaughnessy's claim that "there is no discernible organization of the text," and contends, "there is in fact a chronological presentation of material throughout the progression of most of the chapters." For instance, 18 chapter titles use one of the
941:
has been neglected by scholars, both
Chinese and Western. McNeal suggests, "A bias against the work, perhaps originating in part from the misconception that it comprised those Zhou documents that Confucius deemed unfit for inclusion in his canonical edition of the
440:"article; section; chapter") and a preface. Eleven chapters were lost around the 12th century CE, and only the titles survive. The extant text has 59 chapters and a preface, with a commentary for 42 chapters attributed to the
98:) in 1669. Circulation ways of the individual chapters before that point (merging of different texts or single text's editions, substitution, addition, conflation with commentaries etc.) are subject to scholarly debates.
866:
unification. Second, it is unlikely that Kong Zhao, author of the earliest commentary, consulted the
Jizhong documents. The dates of Kong's life are uncertain, but he was a close contemporary of
636:
as "the civil and martial spheres of government as comprising a comprehensive totality." In particular, the concept was highlighted by the famous ancient military strategist and politician
455:
Based upon linguistic and thematic consistencies, modern scholarship reveals that 32 chapters constitute a textual "core" treating governmental and military topics. The remaining 27
876:
commentaries began with Kong Zhao in the 3rd century and continue in the present day. Kong's commentary is extant for 42 of the 59 chapters, and has been included in most editions.
364:, r. 311–296 BCE). Shaughnessy concludes that since "both of these traditions can be shown to be without foundation", and since all the earliest textual citations refer to it as
538:
First, sometime in the late 4th or early 3rd century BCE, an anonymous editor compiled the 32 "core" chapters. These have linguistic and intellectual features characteristic of
563:
Second, no later than the early 1st century BCE, another editor, possibly the preface's author, composed a redaction with 70 chapters and a preface (modeled upon the
671:
territories. It is attested by the preserved textual quotes, most of which are ascribed to Jin personae. A number of thematic parallels are found between
305:
discussed by
Confucius." McNeal translates differently, " may well be what remained after Confucius edited the hundred chapters ". Since the canonical
1263:
James Legge's translation: "It is said in one of the histories of Zhou, 'The brave who kills his superior shall have no place in the hall of Light.'"
515:. At least 28 of the 59 extant chapters "are unambiguously set in the pre-dynastic reigns of Kings Wen and Wu or during the immediate time of the
1245:
271:"escape; flee; neglect; missing; lost; remain" to the title, which scholars interpret in two ways. Either "Lost Book(s) of Zhou", with a
301:(79–8 BCE) describing the text as: "The solemn statements and orders of the Zhou period; they are in fact the residue of the hundred
1391:
1747:
204:"writing; document; book; letter" – is the earliest record of the present title. Depending upon the semantic interpretation of
1737:
1379:
973:
791:
37:
90:, of which 59 are extant as texts, and the rest only as chapter titles. Such condition is described for the first time by
45:
1082:" ideological construction of the Zhou conquest: hence Mencius's rejection of what is probably a more authentic account.
834:
has conclusively demonstrated that the received text could not have been recovered from King Xiang's tomb along with the
1440:
799:
in ten fascicles. Shaughnessy concludes that two separate versions existed up until the Tang period, the eight-fascicle
317:
was expanded so as to produce a text of exactly seventy-one chapters, so that, added to the twenty-nine chapters of the
1742:
1274:
619:
955:(which includes a section called "Zhou Documents" itself), has contributed to the relative neglect of this text."
441:
1678:"The Record of King Wu of Zhou's Royal Deeds in the Yi Zhou Shu in Light of Near Eastern Royal Inscriptions"
464:
345:
237:
102:
1454:
1028:
698:
539:
119:
286:"lost books; ancient works no longer in existence"). Or "Remaining Book(s) of Zhou", with a reading of
76:("Book of Zhou"), which was possibly not differentiated from the corpus of the same name in the extant
72:
period (1046–771 BCE). Its textual history began with a (4th century BCE) text/compendium known as the
1719:
573:). Some secondary chapters are earlier than the core and others are later. For instance, Chapter 32
660:
649:
298:
272:
83:
1538:
830:
to
Jizhong texts or Kong's edition, have dubious historicity. First, contemporary research on the
1646:
1634:
1166:
1113:
600:
91:
1360:
Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1999), "Western Zhou
History," in M. Loewe and E. L. Shaughnessy, eds.,
889:
768:
445:
1387:
1383:
1141:
McNeal, Robin (2002). "The Body as
Metaphor for the Civil and Martial Components of Empire in
1079:
885:
867:
852:
738:
468:
377:
353:
232:
78:
1689:
1158:
1105:
934:
777:
759:
668:
596:
588:
550:
508:
460:
368:, there is now a "general scholarly consensus" that the title should in fact read simply as
297:"classical texts not included in the orthodox classics"). This dubious tradition began with
855:'s burial in 296 B.C. through the opening of the tomb in 280 A.D." Some chapters (e.g., 62
709:
512:
479:
380:, the name "Yizhoushu" has obtained broad currency as safely marking the differentiation.
329:
that seem entirely unrelated or only tentatively related to the main themes of the work.
53:
1541:
1534:
1461:
893:
604:
516:
95:
68:'Lost Book of Zhou') is a compendium of Chinese historical documents about the
1731:
1694:
1677:
836:
820:
816:
251:
1362:
The
Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 B.C.
901:
897:
877:
623:
344:) derives from a second tradition that the text was found among the manuscripts on
246:
194:
69:
622:
remains uncertain. According to McNeal, several schools (including one branch of
325:" could be given a literal meaning. This would account for those chapters of the
1066:
1001:
863:
725:
704:
357:
220:
981:"Ke Yin" (#36) and "Duoyi" (#44) chapters are basically incorporated into the
819:
period (960–1279), and the loss of eleven chapters occurred before the middle
637:
627:
607:, 19th century) claimed that, though possibly not produced in the early Zhou,
494:
161:
986:
449:
313:
Perhaps sometime during the early Western Han the transmitted version of the
1049:
968:
944:
754:
742:
564:
556:
532:
157:
1572:
Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1986), "On The Authenticity of the Bamboo Annals",
922:
collection reproduced the earliest edition, a (1543) version by Zhang Bo (
655:
According to Chinese scholars, possible transmission line of the earliest
1249:
1183:
1133:
569:
544:
459:
chapters are heterogeneous. Some describe historical events ranging from
17:
1650:
1145:, Chapter 32; With an Excursion on the Composition and Structure of the
1170:
927:
1117:
584:
500:
437:
430:
268:
201:
190:
117:) or "unofficial history" and excluded it from the canonical dynastic
1711:
1180:
Conquer and Govern: Early Chinese Military Texts from the Yi Zhou Shu
645:
1162:
904:
versions, and includes twelve earlier Qing commentaries. The (1936)
1109:
1005:
677:
507:武 "military; martial" – a literary reference to the Zhou founders
757:(661–721) claims that all 71 original chapters were extant. The
591:"; McNeal interprets it as "a late third-century BC date", when
467:(r. 544–520 BCE); supplementary chapters record topics such as
164:'s 2nd year - 625 BCE), along the quote presently found in the
1308:
1306:
1074:
they had been left over by Confucius was necessarily false.
862:) have internal evidence of being written after the 221 BCE
1052:, which is probably part of the reason it is found in the
815:). These two textual versions were assimilated during the
611:
had no features of the Warring States or Qin–Han forgery.
985:
in their full form. The observation was made by Ding Fu (
168:. The reference is valuable since it differentiates the
1418:
1416:
1568:
1566:
156:
appears once throughout the transmitted texts: in the
1008:(excavated in 1987) contains fairly complete text of
1203:. Institute of East Asian Studies. pp. 229–232.
433:"scroll; volume; book; fascicle") with 70 chapters (
131:
This early Chinese historical text has four titles:
1048:) document was condemned by Mencius and ignored by
911:series reprinted Lu's edition, which is called the
542:writings, and were quoted in classics such as the
309:in circulation had 29 chapters, McNeal proposes,
1092:von Falkenhausen, Lothar (1996). "The Concept of
176:and possibly refers to its educational function.
86:(202 BCE–CE 9) editors listed 70 chapters of the
1497:
1348:
795:and subsequent dynastic histories only list the
681:, which is reported to be also produced in Jin.
1637:(1980). "′New′ Evidence of the Zhou Conquest".
1364:, Cambridge University Press, p. 294 (292–351).
702:provide valuable diachronic data. The (111 CE)
826:Both these traditions, associating the extant
1098:Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews
844:was extant as an integral text, known as the
8:
1201:Early Chinese Texts: A Bibliographical Guide
143:"Lost/Leftover Documents/Book of Zhou", and
1688:(1). University of Michigan Press: 73–104.
1585:
1557:
1473:
1336:
1312:
851:, throughout the nearly six centuries from
785:in ten fascicles and Kong Zhao's annotated
63:
1275:Chapter 4 § Da Kuang (Great Rectification)
880:(1644–1912) scholarship produced valuable
172:from the corpus of other documents called
1693:
1408:Education in Traditional China: A History
652:or "School of Vertical and Horizontal ".
321:, the so-called "hundred chapters of the
212:can be translated "Book(s) of Zhou" (cf.
1682:Journal of the American Oriental Society
1151:Journal of the American Oriental Society
1096:in the Ancient Chinese Ancestral Cult".
1225:de yuyan tedian ji qi wenxianxue jiazhi
1213:
963:The text close to the known version of
763:(945) bibliography lists an 8-fascicle
644:, who is known through the writings of
58:
1663:
1621:
1609:
1597:
1521:
1509:
1485:
1422:
1324:
1230:. Beijing: Zhonghua shuju. p. 61.
971:: numerous parallels are found in the
753:chapters only 45 are extant. However,
1645:. Cambridge University Press: 57–79.
7:
915:"Baojing Study version". The (1919)
1545:
1297:
659:chapters went through the state of
376:also figures as the section of the
1574:Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies
1441:State University of New York Press
147:"Ji Tomb Documents/Book of Zhou".
25:
1378:(revised and enlarged ed.).
977:account on Zhou history, and the
840:. Shaughnessy explains that "the
737:), and notes it derived from the
614:The philosophical lineage of the
403:"Remainder of the Zhou Documents"
1695:10.7817/jameroriesoci.138.1.0073
1191:Shaughnessy, Edward L. (1993). "
896:, 1717–1796) was based on eight
426:text consisted of 10 fascicles (
1435:Shaughnessy, Edward L. (2006).
1069:(1357–1402). Fang claimed that
1036:Traditional scholarly attitudes
992:Among the excavated sources on
884:commentaries and editions. The
409:"The Superfluous Book of Zhou"
1380:Harvard University Asia Center
1186:: University of Hawai'i Press.
959:Parallel texts and epigraphics
527:According to Shaughnessy, the
356:of the tomb of King Xiang of
224:) or "Documents of Zhou" (cf.
49:
41:
1:
1437:Rewriting Early Chinese Texts
1060:. After its compilation, the
523:Date and place of composition
394:"Remainder of Zhou documents"
349:
1374:Wilkinson, Endymion (2000).
1199:)". In Michael Loewe (ed.).
723:, in 71 chapters. The (636)
626:) emphasized the concept of
418:In the 1st century BCE, the
406:"Remnants of Zhou Documents"
383:English translations of the
290:as "remnant; leftover" (cf.
1125:Luo Jiaxiang (罗家湘) (2006).
689:The bibliography sections (
463:(r. 1099–1050 BCE) down to
1764:
1136:: Shanghai guji chubanshe.
620:Hundred Schools of Thought
400:"Chou Documents Apocrypha"
139:"Documents/Book of Zhou",
1453:Theobald, Ulrich (2010),
1406:Lee, Thomas H.C. (2000),
1376:Chinese History: A Manual
1221:Zhou Yuxiu (周玉秀) (2005).
1045:
1017:
948:
933:Compared with most other
923:
919:
912:
908:
859:
848:
812:
804:
772:
720:
693:
664:
641:
577:
486:
475:
361:
341:
294:
283:
228:
216:
153:
114:
1544:: analysis available in
1281:
1253:
1227:
1129:
775:, mid-3rd century). The
749:, states that of the 71
391:"Leftover Zhou Writings"
250:history about the later
1748:1st-millennium BC books
1676:Grebnev, Yegor (2018).
1027:were identified in the
807:) and the ten-fascicle
741:of Jin dynasty period.
648:(380–284 BCE) from the
465:King Jing of Zhou (Gui)
238:Modern Standard Chinese
27:Chinese historical text
1635:Shaughnessy, Edward L.
1178:McNeal, Robin (2012).
745:(581–645), annotating
531:underwent two textual
503:"civil; literary" and
331:
103:Chinese historiography
1738:Chinese history texts
1576:46.1:149–180. p. 160.
1498:von Falkenhausen 1996
1349:von Falkenhausen 1996
1056:today instead of the
1029:Tsinghua Bamboo Slips
801:Kong Zhao zhu Zhoushu
789:in eight. The (1345)
699:Twenty-four Histories
311:
120:Twenty-Four Histories
1720:Chinese Text Project
1259:《周志》有之：『勇則害上，不登於明堂。』
1127:"Yi Zhou shu" yanjiu
930:provincial academy.
781:(1060) lists both a
767:with annotations by
669:subsequently divided
244:is the title of the
953:Venerated Documents
650:School of Diplomacy
273:literal translation
254:dynasty (557–581).
84:Western Han dynasty
38:traditional Chinese
1743:Zhou dynasty texts
1476:, pp. 229–30.
733:in ten fascicles (
599:". Qing historian
348:unearthed in the (
46:simplified Chinese
1228:《逸周书》的语言特点及其文献学价值
1080:Mandate of Heaven
1058:Book of Documents
926:) printed at the
739:Jizhong discovery
517:conquest of Shang
397:" Zhou documents"
378:Book of Documents
372:. However, since
354:Jizhong discovery
233:Book of Documents
79:Book of Documents
66:
16:(Redirected from
1755:
1724:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1673:
1667:
1666:, pp. 92–6.
1661:
1655:
1654:
1631:
1625:
1619:
1613:
1612:, pp. 92–3.
1607:
1601:
1595:
1589:
1586:Shaughnessy 1993
1583:
1577:
1570:
1561:
1558:Shaughnessy 1993
1555:
1549:
1548:, pp. 62–6.
1531:
1525:
1519:
1513:
1507:
1501:
1495:
1489:
1483:
1477:
1474:Shaughnessy 1993
1471:
1465:
1451:
1445:
1444:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1411:
1410:, Brill. p. 477.
1404:
1398:
1397:
1371:
1365:
1358:
1352:
1346:
1340:
1337:Shaughnessy 1993
1334:
1328:
1322:
1316:
1313:Shaughnessy 1993
1310:
1301:
1300:, pp. 60–1.
1295:
1289:
1288:
1270:
1264:
1261:
1246:Lord Wen, year 2
1241:
1235:
1232:
1218:
1204:
1187:
1174:
1137:
1121:
1047:
1019:
1000:Bamboo cache of
950:
935:Chinese classics
925:
921:
914:
910:
861:
850:
814:
806:
778:New Book of Tang
774:
760:Old Book of Tang
722:
695:
666:
643:
597:Emperor of China
579:
488:
480:posthumous names
477:
461:King Wen of Zhou
452:, fl. 256–266).
363:
351:
343:
338:Jizhong Zhou shu
296:
285:
230:
218:
155:
145:Jizhong Zhou shu
116:
67:
64:
60:
51:
43:
21:
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1658:
1633:
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1616:
1608:
1604:
1600:, p. 193-4 n15.
1596:
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1215:
1211:
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1177:
1163:10.2307/3087652
1140:
1131:
1124:
1091:
1088:
1038:
1004:, Zhangjiajie,
961:
809:Jizhong Zhoushu
797:Jizhong Zhoushu
792:History of Song
783:Jizhong Zhoushu
687:
685:Textual history
567:preface to the
525:
416:
387:title include:
334:Jizhong Zhoushu
279:as "lost" (cf.
129:
105:classified the
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1761:
1759:
1751:
1750:
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1707:
1706:External links
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1701:
1668:
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1588:, p. 232.
1578:
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1462:Chinaknowledge
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1339:, p. 229.
1329:
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960:
957:
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595:came to mean "
580:uses the term
540:Warring States
524:
521:
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412:
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407:
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398:
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186:) – combining
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1443:. p. 58.
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1223:"Yi Zhou shu"
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1023:Fragments of
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1007:
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998:
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980:
976:
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967:was known to
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946:
940:
936:
931:
929:
918:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
886:text-critical
883:
879:
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871:
869:
865:
858:
854:
847:
843:
839:
838:
837:Bamboo Annals
833:
829:
824:
823:(1127–1279).
822:
821:Southern Song
818:
817:Northern Song
810:
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798:
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1723:(in Chinese)
1715:
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1539:Meng Wentong
1537:, quoted by
1533:Zhu Youceng
1529:
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1157:(1): 46–60.
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917:Sibu congkan
916:
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902:Ming dynasty
898:Yuan dynasty
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101:Traditional
100:
87:
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70:Western Zhou
57:
32:
31:
29:
1664:McNeal 2012
1639:Early China
1622:McNeal 2012
1610:McNeal 2012
1598:McNeal 2012
1522:McNeal 2002
1510:McNeal 2002
1486:McNeal 2002
1423:McNeal 2002
1325:McNeal 2002
1286:勇如害上，則不登于明堂
1279:Yi Zhou Shu
1147:Yi Zhou shu
1143:Yi Zhou shu
1071:Yi Zhou Shu
1067:Fang Xiaoru
1025:Yi Zhou Shu
1010:Yi Zhou Shu
1002:Cili County
906:Sibu beiyao
888:edition of
864:Qin dynasty
842:Yi Zhou shu
726:Book of Sui
705:Book of Han
618:within the
601:Zhu Youceng
442:Jin dynasty
385:Yi Zhou shu
327:Yi Zhou shu
262:Yi Zhou shu
221:Book of Han
170:Yi Zhou Shu
166:Yi Zhou Shu
107:Yi Zhou Shu
92:Wang Shihan
88:Yi Zhou Shu
33:Yi Zhou Shu
1732:Categories
1193:I Chou shu
1086:References
1065:came from
890:Lu Wenchao
853:King Xiang
667:) and its
638:Jiang Ziya
533:redactions
141:Yi Zhoushu
59:I Chou shu
54:Wade–Giles
1716:Yizhoushu
1456:Yizhoushu
1209:Footnotes
1062:Yizhoushu
1054:Yizhoushu
1050:Sima Qian
994:Yizhoushu
979:Yizhoushu
969:Sima Qian
965:Yizhoushu
945:Shang shu
939:Yizhoushu
882:Yizhoushu
874:Yizhoushu
832:Yizhoushu
828:Yizhoushu
769:Kong Zhao
755:Liu Zhiji
751:Yizhoushu
743:Yan Shigu
718:Zhoushiji
708:imperial
696:) of the
673:Yizhoushu
657:Yizhoushu
616:Yizhoushu
609:Yizhoushu
565:Old Texts
557:Zhanguoce
529:Yizhoushu
469:astronomy
457:Yizhoushu
446:Kong Zhao
424:Yizhoushu
319:Shang shu
307:Shang shu
299:Liu Xiang
258:Yizhoushu
158:Zuo zhuan
18:Yizhoushu
1651:23351656
1546:Luo 2006
1298:Luo 2006
1251:Zuozhuan
1197:Chou shu
1184:Honolulu
1134:Shanghai
1104:: 1–22.
846:Zhou shu
747:Yiwenzhi
729:lists a
691:yiwenzhi
675:and the
570:Shangshu
551:Hanfeizi
545:Zuozhuan
509:King Wen
444:scholar
374:Zhou shu
370:Zhou shu
352:279 CE)
315:Zhou shu
184:Zhou shu
151:Zhou zhi
137:Zhou shu
133:Zhou zhi
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1171:3087652
1130:《逸周书》研究
1031:(2008).
928:Jiaxing
868:Wang Su
857:Shifang
787:Zhoushu
765:Zhoushu
731:Zhoushu
714:Zhoushu
589:emperor
513:King Wu
420:Zhoushu
414:Content
366:Zhoushu
264:) adds
242:Zhoushu
240:usage,
226:Shujing
210:Zhoushu
180:Zhoushu
1718:text,
1649:
1542:zh:蒙文通
1535:zh:朱右曾
1390:
1384:p. 465
1169:
1118:495623
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1042:Shi fu
983:Shi ji
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937:, the
646:Su Qin
575:Wushun
554:, and
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473:Shixun
292:yijing
236:). In
214:Hanshu
197:" and
127:Titles
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1647:JSTOR
1195:逸周書 (
1167:JSTOR
1114:JSTOR
1014:Da Wu
1006:Hunan
951:, or
805:孔晁注周書
716:, or
678:Wenzi
484:Shifa
281:yishu
111:zashi
109:as a
1388:ISBN
1040:The
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920:四部叢刊
913:抱經堂本
909:四部備要
900:and
813:汲冢周書
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631:and
511:and
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342:汲冢周書
336:(or
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694:藝文志
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422:or
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358:Wei
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642:太公
633:wu
593:di
582:di
578:武順
560:.
548:,
535:.
505:wu
487:謚法
476:時訓
450:孔晁
350:c.
340:,
295:逸經
288:yi
284:逸書
277:yi
266:yi
229:書經
217:漢書
208:,
162:Lu
154:周志
135:,
123:.
115:雜史
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