Knowledge (XXG)

Yoga as therapy

Source šŸ“

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in "pain, back-specific disability, generic disability, health-related quality of life, and global improvement". The review stated that yoga can be recommended as an additional therapy to chronic low back pain patients. A 2022 Cochrane systematic review of yoga for chronic non-specific low back pain included 21 randomised controlled trials and found that yoga produced clinically unimportant improvements in pain and back-specific function. Improvements in back-specific function were similar to those obtained from other forms of therapeutic exercise, such as physical therapy.
3951: 282: 119: 33: 557: 692:, as well as a decrease in depressive and anxious symptoms in a range of populations." A systematic review in 2017 found some evidence of benefit in major depressive disorders, examining outcomes primarily of improvements in remission rates and severity of depression (and secondarily of anxiety and adverse events), but considered that better 639: 339:
in the human body machine. These poses develop the chest and make the breathing fuller and the body firmer; they stop nervous trembling of the body and prevent the diseases which cause it; they also help to eliminate toxins by supplying pure blood to every part of the body and bringing the congested
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found strong evidence for short- and long-term effects on pain, and moderate evidence for long-term benefit in back-specific disability, with no serious adverse events. Ten randomised controlled trials were analysed, of which eight had a low risk of bias. The outcomes measured included improvements
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At least three different types of claims of therapeutic benefit have been made for yoga from medieval times onwards, not counting the more general claims of good health made throughout this period: magical powers, biomedical claims for marketing purposes, and specific medical claims. Neither of the
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found moderate evidence of short-term benefit over "usual care" and limited evidence compared to relaxation and aerobic exercise. Only 3 of 12 randomised controlled trials had a low risk of bias. The diversity of the studies precluded analysis of long-term effects. A 2015 systematic review on the
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to deliver this remedial yoga; particular asanas were used for different conditions, and non-remedial Iyengar Yoga teachers were taught to inform students that ordinary classes were not suitable for "serious health issues". Mehta taught a remedial yoga class in the Iyengar Yoga Institute in
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in Bedfordshire. The Foundation stated that yoga was not a therapy or cure but had "therapeutic benefits", whether physical, mental, or emotional, and it worked especially with "the physically handicapped". Newcombe notes that a third organisation, the Yoga Biomedical Trust, was founded in
397:'s medical gymnastics. As early as 1940, Iyengar was using yoga as a therapy for common conditions such as sinus problems, backache, and fatigue. Iyengar was willing to push people through pain "to them new possibilities." In the 1960s, he trained a few people such as Diana Clifton and 675:
Systematic reviews indicate that yoga offers moderate benefit in the treatment of PTSD. A 2017 systematic review of PTSD in post-9/11 veterans showed that participants in studies who had received mindfulness training, mind-body therapy, and yoga "reported significant improvements in
604:) that might act on stress had been examined empirically, whereas many other potential mechanisms remain to be studied; four of the mechanisms (positive affect, self-compassion, inhibition of the posterior hypothalamus and salivary cortisol) were found to mediate yoga's effect on 728:, but that there was "little apparent uptake of yoga to address cardiovascular conditions and risk factors". Yoga was cited by respondents as a cause of these lifestyle changes. The survey notes that the relative importance of the various factors had not been assessed. 680:". Another systematic review on veterans the same year also found improvement in PTSD symptoms. Other systematic reviews postulate that designing the style and instructions to the needs of the veterans leads to better results and a larger impact on PTSD symptoms. 381:
offers a definition of yoga therapy that can encompass a wide range of activities and practices, calling it "the process of empowering individuals to progress toward improved health and well-being through the application of the teachings and practices of Yoga".
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Uebelacker, L. A.; Epstein-Lubow, G.; Gaudiano, B. A.; Tremont, G.; Battle, C. L.; Miller, I. W. (2010). "Hatha yoga for depression: critical review of the evidence for efficacy, plausible mechanisms of action, and directions for future research".
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Although relatively safe, yoga is not a risk-free form of exercise. Sensible precautions can usefully be taken, such as avoiding advanced moves by beginners, not combining practice with psychoactive drug use, and avoiding competitiveness.
235:(HYP) states that asanas in general, described as the first auxiliary of haį¹­ha yoga, give "steadiness, good health, and lightness of limb." (HYP 1.17) Specific asanas, it claims, bring additional benefits; for example, 440:. However, Iyengar was deferential to Western medicine and its assessments, so in Newcombe's view Iyengar Yoga is "positioned as complementary to standard medical treatment rather than as an alternative". 217:
first two are supported by reliable evidence. The medical claims are supported by evidence of varying quality, from case studies to controlled trials and ultimately systematic review of multiple trials.
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stated, "although the results from these trials are encouraging, they should be viewed as very preliminary because the trials, as a group, suffered from substantial methodological limitations." A 2015
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systematically, nor provides evidence for the claimed benefits. Jain suggests that "Its biomedical dialect was attractive to many." For example, in the book, Iyengar claims that the asanas of the
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systems from the practice of asanas; and more or less well supported claims of specific medical and psychological benefits from studies of differing sizes using a wide variety of methodologies.
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Nguyen-Feng, Viann N.; Clark, Cari J.; Butler, Mary E. (August 2019). "Yoga as an intervention for psychological symptoms following trauma: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis".
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Nguyen-Feng, Viann N.; Clark, Cari J.; Butler, Mary E. (August 2019). "Yoga as an intervention for psychological symptoms following trauma: A systematic review and quantitative synthesis".
478:, and in the 1990s moved to London, focusing on training yoga teachers in yoga as therapy and providing yoga as individualised therapy, using pranayama, relaxation and asanas. 4643: 309:
argues that this was one of several visions of yoga as in some sense therapeutic, ranging from medical to a more popular offer of health and well-being. The yoga scholar
393:, so his response to his students' health issues, in Newcombe's view, "was an intense and personal one." In effect Iyengar was treating "remedial yoga" as analogous to 5321: 188:
has an aerobic exercise style with rooms heated to 105 Ā°F (41 Ā°C) and a fixed sequence of 2 breathing exercises and 26 asanas performed in every session.
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Pascoe, Michaela C.; Bauer, Isabelle E. (1 September 2015). "A systematic review of randomised control trials on the effects of yoga on stress measures and mood".
331:...tone up the muscular, nervous and circulatory systems of the entire body. The spine receives a rich supply of blood, which increases the nervous energy in the 4475: 677: 689: 915: 378: 465:, the Yoga for Health Foundation, for "Research into the therapeutic benefits to be obtained by the practice of yoga"; residential courses began in 1978 at 3659: 572:
The practice of asanas has been claimed to improve flexibility, strength, and balance; to alleviate stress and anxiety, and to reduce the symptoms of
319:"arguably the most significant event in the process of elaborating the brand." The yoga teacher Bernie Gourley notes that the book neither describes 1724:
Riley, Kristen E.; Park, Crystal L. (2015). "How does yoga reduce stress? A systematic review of mechanisms of change and guide to future inquiry".
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and Iyengar. Iyengar was sickly as a child, and yoga with his brother-in-law Krishnamacharya improved his health; it had also helped his daughter
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There is little reliable evidence that yoga is beneficial for specific medical conditions, and an increasing amount of evidence that it is not.
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describes these claims of Iyengar's in terms of "elaborating and fortifying his yoga brand" and "mass-marketing", calling Iyengar's 1966 book
184:, precision in the asanas, and spirituality in the haį¹­ha yoga tradition. These aspects can be illustrated by schools with distinctive styles. 5493: 5488: 5483: 3008: 2984: 2931: 2895: 2841: 2820: 810:
Can improve strength and balance; is "unlikely to cause harm", does not "interfere with cancer treatment"; "cannot cure cancer"; may improve
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Cramer, Holger; Lauche, Romy; Haller, Heidemarie; Dobos, Gustav (2013). "A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Yoga for Low Back Pain".
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Back pain is one reason people take up yoga, and since at least the 1960s some practitioners have claimed that it relieved their symptoms.
842:; no evidence of benefit to cognition, neuropsychiatric symptoms, or depression; yoga was not distinguished from other forms of exercise. 2041:
Cushing, R. E.; Braun, K. L. (2018). "Mind-Body Therapy for Military Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review".
576:, without necessarily demonstrating the precise mechanisms involved. A review of five studies noted that three psychological mechanisms ( 2962: 2873: 688:
effect of yoga on mood and the brain concluded that "yoga is associated with better regulation of the sympathetic nervous system and
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Panebianco, Mariangela; Sridharan, Kalpana; Ramaratnam, Sridharan (2 May 2015). Panebianco, Mariangela (ed.). "Yoga for epilepsy".
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Cramer, Holger; Lauche, Romy; Langhorst, Jost; Dobos, Gustav (2013). "Yoga for Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis".
897:. The practice of yoga has been cited as a cause of hyperextension or rotation of the neck, which may be a precipitating factor in 2220:
Cramer, Holger; Anheyer, Dennis; Lauche, Romy; Dobos, Gustav (2017). "A systematic review of yoga for major depressive disorder".
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Forbes, Bo. "Yoga Therapy in Practice: Using Integrative Yoga Therapeutics in the Treatment of Comorbid Anxiety and Depression".
305:, have for various reasons made claims for the effects of yoga on specific organs, without citing any evidence. The yoga scholar 672:
have studied how clients can "regain comfort in their bodies, counteract rumination, and improve self-regulation through yoga."
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Wieland, L Susan; Skoetz, Nicole; Pilkington, Karen; Harbin, Shireen; Vempati, Ramaprabhu; Berman, Brian M (18 November 2022).
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on the effect of yoga on mood and the brain recommended that future clinical trials should apply more methodological rigour.
259:"destroys all diseases" (HYP 1.47). These claims lie within a tradition across all forms of yoga that practitioners can gain 5300: 5778: 4612: 3838: 3801: 3119: 2994: 2917: 669: 462: 172:
in the Western world has grown rapidly from the late 20th century. By 2012, there were at least 19 widespread styles from
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Nolan, Caitlin R. (2016). "Bending without breaking: A narrative review of trauma-sensitive yoga for women with PTSD".
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Lee, M. S.; Kim, J. I.; Ha, J. Y.; Boddy, K.; Ernst, E. (2009). "Yoga for menopausal symptoms: a systematic review".
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Newcombe argues that in Britain, yoga "largely avoided overt conflict with the medical profession by simultaneously
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emphasises correct alignment in the postures, working slowly, if necessary with props, and ending with relaxation.
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Wieland, L. Susan; Shrestha, Nipun; Lassi, Zohra S.; Panda, Sougata; Chiaramonte, Delia; Skoetz, Nicole (2019).
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Caso, V.; Paciaroni, M.; Bogousslavsky, J. (2005). "Environmental factors and cervical artery dissection".
1915:"Yoga for Depression and Anxiety: A Review of Published Research and Implications for Healthcare Providers" 5732: 5124: 4826: 4821: 4262: 3777: 2546:
Forbes, Dorothy; Forbes, Scott C.; Blake, Catherine M.; Thiessen, Emily J.; Forbes, Sean (15 April 2015).
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in 1983 by a biologist, Robin Monro, to research complementary therapies. He found it difficult to obtain
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has been developed by David Emerson and others of the Trauma Center at the Justice Resource Institute in
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brought physical (as well as spiritual) benefits, and provided magical powers, including of healing. The
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A 2012 survey of yoga in Australia notes that there is "good evidence" that yoga and its associated
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Much of the research on the therapeutic use of yoga has been in the form of preliminary studies or
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While not every branch or school of yoga includes meditation in its technical repertoire, most do.
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A small percentage of yoga practitioners each year suffer physical injuries analogous to
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and relaxation applied specifically with the intention of improving health. This form of
5191: 2661: 498:; these need to be performed equally on both sides, the stronger side first if used for 271:(1.8ā€“9) lists the magical powers, which include healing and the destruction of poisons. 5672: 5660: 5650: 5645: 5638: 5349: 5141: 5048: 4731: 4625: 4566: 4553: 4499: 4467: 4283: 4277: 4272: 4252: 4160: 4103: 4081: 3749: 3734: 3726: 3716: 3706: 3691: 3581: 3492: 3431: 3421: 3390: 3107: 3099: 3078: 2809: 2731: 2704: 2680: 2645: 2621: 2596: 2572: 2547: 2523: 2490: 2279: 2154: 2129: 2105: 2018: 1991: 1840: 1815: 1698: 1663: 1634: 1607: 1580: 1553: 1070: 920: 522: 431: 415: 256: 236: 193: 135: 165:
tradition, but they were not widely practiced in India before the early 20th century.
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from its opening in 1984. She contributed "Remedial Programs" for conditions such as
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has been developed in the US in the hope of benefiting individuals suffering from
251:"stokes up the digestive fire, slims the belly and gives good health"; (HYP 1.29) 2951:
Yoga the Iyengar Way: The new definitive guide to the most practised form of yoga
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Krisanaprakornkit, T.; Ngamjarus, C.; Witoonchart, C.; Piyavhatkul, N. (2010).
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posturing, it turns out that there is ironically "a wealth of real benefits".
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Cramer, Holger; Anheyer, Dennis; Saha, Felix J.; Dobos, Gustav (March 2018).
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The Path of Modern Yoga : the history of an embodied spiritual practice
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of low methodological quality, including small sample sizes, inadequate
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The history of remedial yoga goes back to the pioneers of modern yoga,
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focuses more on spiritual practice, with 12 basic poses, chanting in
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Penman, Stephen; Stevens, Philip; Cohen, Marc; Jackson, Sue (2012).
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Weak support in terms of pain and disability, no evidence on safety
82:, including the power of healing; unsupported claims of benefits to 3637: 5623: 5548: 5543: 5523: 5460: 5171: 5114: 5043: 5033: 4926: 4894: 3683: 3095: 3087: 2317:
Cramer, H.; Lauche, R.; Langhorst, J.; Dobos, G. (November 2013).
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European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation
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No effect, measured by teacher rating on the ADHD overall scale.
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Jayasinghe, S. R. (2004). "Yoga in cardiac health (A Review)".
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At least three types of health claims have been made for yoga:
352:. Broad argues that while the health claims for yoga began as 204:, and relaxation in each class, and importance is placed on a 3839:
International Association of Yoga Therapists ā€¢ Richard Miller
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Penman, S.; Cohen, M.; Stevens, P.; Jackson, S. (July 2012).
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For example, a 2010 literature review on the use of yoga for
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from 1971 to 1974, the series producer Howard Kent founded a
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Twentieth century advocates of some schools of yoga, such as
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Yoga in Britain: Stretching Spirituality and Educating Yogis
255:"takes away fatigue and relaxes the mind"; (HYP 1.32) while 138:). Unbranded "hatha yoga" (not to be confused with medieval 289:
emphasises correctness, seen here as a practitioner uses a
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Evidence for applicability to specific medical conditions
490:, asanas function as active stretches, helping to protect 3047: 3432:
Matsyendrasana (the sage Matsyendra, lord of the fishes)
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Chandwani, Kavita D.; Perkins, George; Nagendra (2014).
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Yoga Body : the origins of modern posture practice
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Hayes, M.; Chase, S. (March 2010). "Prescribing Yoga".
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Styles of yoga differ in their approach to the asanas.
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Selling Yoga : from Counterculture to Pop culture
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Chakrasana (wheel) or Urdhva Dhanurasana (upward bow)
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For example, the survey by Penman and Stevens cites:
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The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine
943:(2006). "Yogic Meditation". In Jonathan Shear (ed.). 1657: 1655: 1653: 5693: 5614: 5605: 5471: 5433: 5393: 5384: 5269: 5212: 5021: 4980: 4944: 4935: 4880: 4784: 4441: 4402: 4305: 4209: 4124: 4059: 3965: 3958: 3898: 3873: 3852: 3800: 3760: 3682: 3675: 3590: 3534: 3525: 3445: 3414: 3366: 3359: 3288: 3237: 3196: 3134: 340:
blood back to the heart and lungs for purification.
3552:Prasarita Padottanasana (wide stance forward bend) 2808: 2458: 2456: 2319:"Yoga for rheumatic diseases: a systematic review" 1286: 1274: 1262: 1233: 1205:"Yoga: a beginner's guide to the different styles" 947:. St. Paul, Minnesota: Paragon House. p. 90. 2705:"Yoga in Australia: Results of a national survey" 2597:"Yoga for treating urinary incontinence in women" 1664:"Yoga in Australia: Results of a national survey" 1051: 1049: 1047: 445:professionalising with educational qualifications 2949:Mehta, Silva; Mehta, Mira; Mehta, Shyam (1990). 2435:"The Truth About Alternative Medical Treatments" 1719: 1717: 683:A 2013 systematic review on the use of yoga for 619:A 2013 systematic review on the use of yoga for 59:is widely practised in classes, and may involve 5322:Hatha Yoga: The Report of a Personal Experience 3618:Utthita Padangusthasana (standing big toe hold) 1455: 329: 2811:The Science of Yoga: The Risks and the Rewards 1374:. International Association of Yoga Therapists 1301:, pp. 203ā€“227, Chapter "Yoga as Therapy". 1150:"What's Your Style? Explore the Types of Yoga" 1143: 1141: 1139: 838:"Promising" evidence that exercise helps with 180:. These emphasise different aspects including 122:Different schools teach yoga with emphasis on 27:Yoga in the use of physical and mental therapy 4858: 3653: 3063: 1816:"Yoga for chronic non-specific low back pain" 1198: 1196: 1194: 8: 3034:International Association of Yoga Therapists 2548:"Exercise programs for people with dementia" 1880:Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice 1011: 1009: 1007: 1005: 916:Neurobiological effects of physical exercise 588:) and four biological mechanisms (posterior 379:International Association of Yoga Therapists 2644:Cramer, H.; Krucoff, C.; Dobos, G. (2013). 2601:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2552:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2360:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1332:"Book Review: Light on Yoga by BKS Iyengar" 447:and deferring to medical expertise." After 344:The history of such claims was reviewed by 149:classes used as therapy usually consist of 5611: 5390: 4941: 4865: 4851: 4843: 4776:Core Strength Vinyasa Yoga (Sadie Nardini) 3962: 3679: 3660: 3646: 3638: 3531: 3363: 3070: 3056: 3048: 1372:"Contemporary Definitions of Yoga Therapy" 247:from being shed involuntarily; (HYP 1.27) 2730: 2720: 2679: 2669: 2620: 2571: 2522: 2334: 2241: 2153: 2104: 2017: 2007: 1839: 1697: 1679: 1633: 1579: 1569: 1185: 157:(breathing exercises), and relaxation in 92:have found beneficial effects of yoga on 2979:. Bristol, England: Equinox Publishing. 1801: 1539: 1527: 1515: 1503: 1491: 1479: 1467: 1443: 1431: 1419: 1407: 1395: 1298: 848:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder 738: 277:Biomedical claims for marketing purposes 36:Therapeutic yoga workshop, Jakarta, 2016 3547:Parshvottanasana (intense side stretch) 3503:Paschimottanasana (seated forward bend) 2756:Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience 1820:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1613:Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1358: 932: 564:. There is evidence that yoga relieves 104:has been hampered by weak methodology. 47:, consisting mainly of postures called 3321:Jathara Parivartanasana (belly twist) 3174:Eka Pada Rajakapotasana (king pigeon) 1250: 1203:Beirne, Geraldine (10 January 2014). 690:hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system 142:) may teach any combination of these. 7: 3422:Bharadvajasana (the sage Bharadvaja) 1554:"Dynamic and static asana practices" 1317: 4315:Yoga Tradition of the Mysore Palace 3245:Adho Mukha Svanasana (downward dog) 3209:Bakasana (crane) or Kakasana (crow) 3164:Viparita Dandasana (inverted staff) 3577:Utthita Parshvakonasana (sideways) 3572:Uttanasana (standing forward bend) 3275:Viparita Karani (legs up the wall) 3214:Koundinyasana (the sage Kaundinya) 2280:10.1097/01.hjr.0000206329.26038.cc 1913:Uebelacker, Lisa (20 March 2016). 1071:10.1097/01.pra.0000367775.88388.96 25: 4578:Complete Illustrated Book of Yoga 3463:Garbha Pindasana (embryo in womb) 3453:Akarna Dhanurasana (shooting bow) 3301:Ashtanga Namaskara (eight-limbed) 3265:Setu Bandha Sarvangasana (bridge) 3250:Adho Mukha Vrkshasana (handstand) 3149:Bidalasana (cat)/Bitilasana (cow) 200:, pranayama breathing exercises, 130:), precision in the asanas (like 3949: 3613:Natarajasana (lord of the dance) 3311:Chaturanga Dandasana (low plank) 3187: 2128:Robin, Cushing (30 April 2018). 2076:Niles, Barbara (21 March 2018). 1030:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.07.013 153:(postures used for stretching), 4089:Yoga and cultural appropriation 3427:Marichyasana (the sage Marichi) 1330:Gourley, Bernie (1 June 2014). 1059:Journal of Psychiatric Practice 1018:Journal of Psychiatric Research 293:to attain correct alignment in 225:Medieval authors asserted that 3603:Durvasasana (the sage Durvasa) 2613:10.1002/14651858.CD012668.pub2 2564:10.1002/14651858.CD006489.pub4 2368:10.1002/14651858.CD001524.pub2 2222:Journal of Affective Disorders 2085:Journal of Clinical Psychology 1832:10.1002/14651858.cd010671.pub3 1626:10.1002/14651858.CD006507.pub2 1361:, p. 302, and whole book. 1287:Mallinson & Singleton 2017 1275:Mallinson & Singleton 2017 1263:Mallinson & Singleton 2017 1234:Mallinson & Singleton 2017 662:post-traumatic stress disorder 1: 3598:Ardha Chandrasana (half moon) 2709:International Journal of Yoga 1668:International Journal of Yoga 1558:International Journal of Yoga 1456:Mehta, Mehta & Mehta 1990 1253:, pp. 39 and whole book. 1169:International Journal of Yoga 814:in cancer survivors, as in a 18:Yoga for therapeutic purposes 3260:Sarvangasana (shoulderstand) 3144:Anjaneyasana (crescent moon) 2671:10.1371/journal.pone.0075515 2495:Journal of Clinical Oncology 2405:10.1097/gme.0b013e31818ffe39 1922:Rhode Island Medical Journal 1738:10.1080/17437199.2014.981778 980:10.1097/AJP.0b013e31825e1492 968:The Clinical Journal of Pain 945:The Experience of Meditation 694:randomised controlled trials 3351:Yoganidrasana (yogic sleep) 3296:Anantasana (Vishnu's couch) 3003:. Oxford University Press. 2890:. Oxford University Press. 2336:10.1093/rheumatology/ket264 863:Female urinary incompetence 816:randomised controlled trial 722:drinking less or no alcohol 5810: 4077:Sexual abuse by yoga gurus 3493:Mulabandhasana (root lock) 2865:Light on Yoga: Yoga Dipika 2830:Goldberg, Elliott (2016). 1892:10.1016/j.ctcp.2016.05.006 1552:Srinivasan, T. M. (2016). 899:cervical artery dissection 882: 840:activities of daily living 664:(PTSD). Workers including 631: 514: 486:From the point of view of 370: 170:schools and styles of yoga 111: 71:as well as postural yoga. 5713:International Day of Yoga 4832:Modern Yoginis (template) 4572:Vishnudevananda Saraswati 4494:Tirumalai Krishnamacharya 3998:Harmonial gymnastics/yoga 3947: 3865:International Day of Yoga 3396:Siddhasana (accomplished) 3376:Baddha Konasana (cobbler) 3346:Vasishtasana (side plank) 3204:Ashtavakrasana (8-angled) 3185: 3085: 2234:10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.006 2009:10.1186/s12888-018-1650-x 1781:10.1016/j.pop.2009.09.009 1148:Anon (13 November 2012). 560:A yoga class relaxing in 434:in the Mehtas' 1990 book 134:), or spirituality (like 5733:Yoga scholars (template) 4998:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 4827:Yoga teachers (category) 4822:Yoga scholars (template) 4330:A History of Modern Yoga 3582:Virabhadrasana (warrior) 3280:Vrischikasana (scorpion) 2507:10.1200/JCO.2012.48.2752 1726:Health Psychology Review 1571:10.4103/0973-6131.171724 658:Brookline, Massachusetts 5371:Yogasopana Purvacatuska 4618:Satchidananda Saraswati 4369:The Path of Modern Yoga 4048:Autobiography of a Yogi 3406:Vajrasana (thunderbolt) 3270:Shirshasana (headstand) 2722:10.4103/0973-6131.98217 2468:American Cancer Society 2439:American Cancer Society 1865:"Trauma-Sensitive Yoga" 1681:10.4103/0973-6131.98217 802:American Cancer Society 791:No evidence of benefit 568:by multiple mechanisms. 500:physical rehabilitation 65:breath work (pranayama) 3778:European Union of Yoga 3562:Trikonasana (triangle) 3386:Gorakshasana (cowherd) 3381:Gomukhasana (cow face) 3326:Makarasana (crocodile) 3229:Tittibhasana (firefly) 3219:Kukkutasana (cockerel) 2815:. Simon and Schuster. 2179:Depression and Anxiety 1949:Psychological Services 1336:The !n(tro)verted yogi 1102:Psychological Services 872:Insufficient evidence 650: 569: 529:and blinding, lack of 342: 298: 143: 51:, as a gentle form of 37: 4534:Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga 4042:Paramahansa Yogananda 3822:Trauma-sensitive yoga 3773:British Wheel of Yoga 3567:Utkatasana (powerful) 3468:Hanumanasana (monkey) 3336:Shalabhasana (locust) 2323:Rheumatology (Oxford) 2146:10.1093/milmed/usx071 2055:10.1089/acm.2017.0176 883:Further information: 818:of women who had had 726:cardiovascular health 700:Cardiovascular health 654:Trauma-sensitive yoga 643:Trauma-sensitive yoga 641: 634:Trauma-sensitive yoga 632:Further information: 562:Supta Baddha Konasana 559: 517:Clinical study design 515:Further information: 371:Further information: 284: 243:and helps to prevent 174:Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga 121: 112:Further information: 102:trauma-sensitive yoga 35: 5779:Alternative medicine 5718:List of yoga schools 5484:Kriyayoga (Buddhist) 5315:Hatha Yoga Pradipika 4817:List of yoga schools 4688:Yoga the Iyengar Way 4592:Satyananda Saraswati 4587:Bihar School of Yoga 4323:Yoga in Modern India 4232:Lilias, Yoga and You 4035:Seetharaman Sundaram 3508:Samakonasana (split) 3478:Kurmasana (tortoise) 3473:Kraunchasana (heron) 3224:Mayurasana (peacock) 3154:Bhujangasana (cobra) 2868:. Unwin Paperbacks. 2836:. Inner Traditions. 1867:. Social Work Today. 911:Exercise is Medicine 724:ā€“are beneficial for 647:psychological trauma 437:Yoga the Iyengar Way 295:Utthitha Trikonasana 232:Hatha Yoga Pradipika 5519:Six Yogas of Naropa 5301:Hathabhyasapaddhati 4644:Himalayan Institute 4506:T. K. V. Desikachar 4481:Swami Kuvalayananda 4295:Selvarajan Yesudian 3557:Tadasana (mountain) 3169:Kapotasana (pigeon) 2662:2013PLoSO...875515C 1564:(1). Medknow: 1ā€“3. 1542:, pp. 222ā€“225. 1530:, pp. 212ā€“214. 1458:, pp. 185ā€“187. 1289:, pp. 385ā€“387. 1277:, pp. 359ā€“361. 1265:, pp. 108ā€“111. 741: 666:Bessel van der Kolk 533:, and high risk of 350:The Science of Yoga 261:supernatural powers 5408:Samadhi (Buddhism) 5280:Amaraugha Prabodha 4750:Beryl Bender Birch 4701:c. 1975  4532:c. 1948  4521:Srivatsa Ramaswami 4458:The Yoga Institute 4428:Breath of the Gods 4013:Genevieve Stebbins 3783:AndrĆ© Van Lysebeth 3623:Vrikshasana (tree) 3608:Garudasana (eagle) 3542:Parighasana (gate) 3488:Mandukasana (frog) 3483:Malasana (garland) 3341:Shavasana (corpse) 3179:Ushtrasana (camel) 2955:Dorling Kindersley 2140:(5ā€“6): e223ā€“e231. 2097:10.1002/jclp.22634 1961:10.1037/ser0000191 1114:10.1037/ser0000191 760:rheumatic diseases 739: 651: 598:C-reactive protein 570: 325:Eka Pada Sirsasana 299: 144: 90:Systematic reviews 38: 5764: 5763: 5760: 5759: 5723:Modern yoga gurus 5601: 5600: 5380: 5379: 5357:Vasishtha Samhita 4840: 4839: 4812:Asanas (template) 4807:Post-lineage yoga 4437: 4436: 4393:The Story of Yoga 4146:Frank Jude Boccio 4003:Marguerite Agniel 3973:Early modern yoga 3945: 3944: 3635: 3634: 3631: 3630: 3521: 3520: 3437:Pashasana (noose) 3391:Padmasana (lotus) 3331:Matsyasana (fish) 3316:Dhanurasana (bow) 3255:Halasana (plough) 3010:978-0-19-539534-1 2986:978-1-78179-661-0 2973:Newcombe, Suzanne 2933:978-0-241-25304-5 2926:. Penguin Books. 2897:978-0-19-939024-3 2860:Iyengar, B. K. S. 2843:978-1-62055-567-5 2822:978-1-4516-4142-4 2805:Broad, William J. 2768:10.1159/000088134 2501:(10): 1058ā€“1065. 2464:"Say Yes to Yoga" 2441:. 30 January 2019 2185:(11): 1068ā€“1083. 2134:Military Medicine 1320:, pp. 82ā€“83. 941:Feuerstein, Georg 876: 875: 866:Systematic review 852:Systematic review 832:Systematic review 785:Systematic review 782:-related symptoms 764:Systematic review 706:healthy lifestyle 546:systematic review 449:Richard Hittleman 360:Types of activity 354:Hindu nationalist 348:in his 2012 book 321:contraindications 249:Paschimottanasana 16:(Redirected from 5801: 5784:Energy therapies 5612: 5391: 5364:Vimanarcanakalpa 5329:Gheranda Samhita 5242:Shaiva Siddhanta 5012:Yoga Yajnavalkya 4942: 4867: 4860: 4853: 4844: 4675:B. K. S. Iyengar 4662:Bikram Choudhury 4539:K. Pattabhi Jois 4526:Vanda Scaravelli 4338:Positioning Yoga 4190:Paddleboard Yoga 4020:Physical culture 4008:Mary Bagot Stack 3963: 3953: 3860:Competitive yoga 3828:Restorative Yoga 3810:Yoga using props 3762:Teacher training 3712:Meditation seats 3680: 3669:Yoga as exercise 3662: 3655: 3648: 3639: 3532: 3458:Balasana (child) 3401:Simhasana (lion) 3364: 3306:Bhekasana (frog) 3191: 3116:Yoga as exercise 3072: 3065: 3058: 3049: 3022: 2990: 2968: 2945: 2914:Mallinson, James 2909: 2879: 2855: 2826: 2814: 2790: 2789: 2751: 2745: 2744: 2734: 2724: 2700: 2694: 2693: 2683: 2673: 2641: 2635: 2634: 2624: 2592: 2586: 2585: 2575: 2543: 2537: 2536: 2526: 2486: 2480: 2479: 2477: 2475: 2470:. 23 August 2018 2460: 2451: 2450: 2448: 2446: 2431: 2425: 2424: 2386: 2380: 2379: 2355: 2349: 2348: 2338: 2314: 2308: 2307: 2262: 2256: 2255: 2245: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2191:10.1002/da.22166 2174: 2168: 2167: 2157: 2125: 2119: 2118: 2108: 2082: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2038: 2032: 2031: 2021: 2011: 1987: 1981: 1980: 1944: 1938: 1937: 1919: 1910: 1904: 1903: 1875: 1869: 1868: 1860: 1854: 1853: 1843: 1826:(11): CD010671. 1811: 1805: 1799: 1793: 1792: 1764: 1758: 1757: 1721: 1712: 1711: 1701: 1683: 1659: 1648: 1647: 1637: 1603: 1594: 1593: 1583: 1573: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1501: 1495: 1489: 1483: 1477: 1471: 1465: 1459: 1453: 1447: 1441: 1435: 1429: 1423: 1417: 1411: 1405: 1399: 1393: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1379: 1368: 1362: 1356: 1347: 1346: 1344: 1342: 1327: 1321: 1315: 1302: 1296: 1290: 1284: 1278: 1272: 1266: 1260: 1254: 1248: 1237: 1231: 1222: 1221: 1219: 1217: 1200: 1189: 1183: 1177: 1176: 1164: 1158: 1157: 1145: 1134: 1133: 1097: 1091: 1090: 1053: 1042: 1041: 1013: 1000: 999: 963: 952: 951: 937: 742: 732:Other conditions 628:Mental disorders 476:research funding 373:Yoga using props 346:William J. Broad 307:Suzanne Newcombe 303:B. K. S. Iyengar 182:aerobic exercise 124:aerobic exercise 114:Yoga as exercise 45:yoga as exercise 21: 5809: 5808: 5804: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5799: 5798: 5794:Yoga as therapy 5769: 5768: 5765: 5756: 5689: 5668:Yoga as therapy 5634:Standing asanas 5597: 5467: 5429: 5376: 5308:Hatha Ratnavali 5265: 5208: 5130:Viparita Karani 5017: 4976: 4931: 4876: 4871: 4841: 4836: 4780: 4445: 4433: 4398: 4385:Yoga in Britain 4353:The Subtle Body 4301: 4224:Yoga for Health 4205: 4171:Phillip Moffitt 4120: 4072:Science of yoga 4055: 3954: 3941: 3894: 3869: 3848: 3816:Accessible yoga 3796: 3756: 3731:Accompaniments 3697:Standing asanas 3671: 3666: 3636: 3627: 3586: 3517: 3513:Virasana (hero) 3498:Navasana (boat) 3441: 3410: 3355: 3284: 3233: 3192: 3183: 3130: 3120:Yoga as therapy 3081: 3076: 3044:by Julia Belluz 3030: 3025: 3011: 2995:Singleton, Mark 2993: 2987: 2971: 2965: 2948: 2934: 2918:Singleton, Mark 2912: 2898: 2882: 2876: 2858: 2844: 2829: 2823: 2803: 2799: 2794: 2793: 2778: 2753: 2752: 2748: 2702: 2701: 2697: 2643: 2642: 2638: 2607:(2): CD012668. 2594: 2593: 2589: 2558:(4): CD006489. 2545: 2544: 2540: 2488: 2487: 2483: 2473: 2471: 2462: 2461: 2454: 2444: 2442: 2433: 2432: 2428: 2388: 2387: 2383: 2362:(5): CD001524. 2357: 2356: 2352: 2329:(11): 2025ā€“30. 2316: 2315: 2311: 2265: 2263: 2259: 2219: 2218: 2214: 2176: 2175: 2171: 2127: 2126: 2122: 2091:(9): 1485ā€“150. 2080: 2075: 2074: 2070: 2040: 2039: 2035: 1989: 1988: 1984: 1946: 1945: 1941: 1917: 1912: 1911: 1907: 1877: 1876: 1872: 1863:Jackson, Kate. 1862: 1861: 1857: 1813: 1812: 1808: 1800: 1796: 1766: 1765: 1761: 1723: 1722: 1715: 1661: 1660: 1651: 1620:(6): CD006507. 1605: 1604: 1597: 1551: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1526: 1522: 1514: 1510: 1502: 1498: 1490: 1486: 1478: 1474: 1466: 1462: 1454: 1450: 1442: 1438: 1430: 1426: 1418: 1414: 1406: 1402: 1394: 1387: 1377: 1375: 1370: 1369: 1365: 1357: 1350: 1340: 1338: 1329: 1328: 1324: 1316: 1305: 1297: 1293: 1285: 1281: 1273: 1269: 1261: 1257: 1249: 1240: 1232: 1225: 1215: 1213: 1202: 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5584: 5583: 5575: 5574: 5573: 5568: 5563: 5558: 5553: 5552: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5516: 5511: 5503: 5502: 5501: 5496: 5491: 5486: 5477: 5475: 5469: 5468: 5466: 5465: 5464: 5463: 5458: 5450: 5449: 5448: 5439: 5437: 5431: 5430: 5428: 5427: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5399: 5397: 5388: 5382: 5381: 5378: 5377: 5375: 5374: 5367: 5360: 5353: 5350:Sritattvanidhi 5346: 5339: 5336:Joga Pradipika 5332: 5325: 5318: 5311: 5304: 5297: 5290: 5283: 5275: 5273: 5267: 5266: 5264: 5263: 5258: 5257: 5256: 5246: 5245: 5244: 5239: 5229: 5224: 5218: 5216: 5210: 5209: 5207: 5206: 5201: 5196: 5195: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5154: 5149: 5144: 5139: 5138: 5137: 5132: 5127: 5122: 5112: 5111: 5110: 5105: 5100: 5095: 5085: 5080: 5079: 5078: 5073: 5068: 5063: 5058: 5053: 5052: 5051: 5049:Lotus position 5041: 5036: 5025: 5023: 5019: 5018: 5016: 5015: 5008: 5001: 4994: 4986: 4984: 4978: 4977: 4975: 4974: 4966: 4961: 4956: 4950: 4948: 4939: 4933: 4932: 4930: 4929: 4924: 4923: 4922: 4917: 4912: 4902: 4897: 4892: 4886: 4884: 4878: 4877: 4872: 4870: 4869: 4862: 4855: 4847: 4838: 4837: 4835: 4834: 4829: 4824: 4819: 4814: 4809: 4804: 4799: 4794: 4788: 4786: 4782: 4781: 4779: 4778: 4772: 4771: 4770: 4759: 4758: 4757: 4752: 4741: 4740: 4739: 4732:Jivamukti Yoga 4728: 4722: 4721: 4720: 4715: 4710: 4699: 4693: 4692: 4691: 4684: 4677: 4666: 4665: 4664: 4653: 4652: 4651: 4640: 4639: 4638: 4633: 4622: 4621: 4620: 4609: 4608: 4607: 4596: 4595: 4594: 4583: 4582: 4581: 4574: 4567:Sivananda Yoga 4563: 4562: 4561: 4556: 4554:Kino MacGregor 4551: 4546: 4541: 4530: 4529: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4500:Yoga Makaranda 4496: 4485: 4484: 4483: 4472: 4471: 4470: 4468:Hansa Yogendra 4465: 4453: 4451: 4439: 4438: 4435: 4434: 4432: 4431: 4423: 4415: 4406: 4404: 4400: 4399: 4397: 4396: 4388: 4380: 4372: 4364: 4356: 4349: 4341: 4333: 4326: 4318: 4309: 4307: 4303: 4302: 4300: 4299: 4298: 4297: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4284:Rachel Brathen 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4249: 4248: 4237: 4236: 4235: 4227: 4213: 4211: 4207: 4206: 4204: 4203: 4198: 4192: 4186: 4181: 4175: 4174: 4173: 4168: 4163: 4161:Jon Kabat-Zinn 4158: 4153: 4148: 4137: 4130: 4128: 4122: 4121: 4119: 4118: 4113: 4112: 4111: 4101: 4096: 4094:In advertising 4091: 4086: 4085: 4084: 4082:Matthew Remski 4074: 4069: 4063: 4061: 4057: 4056: 4054: 4053: 4052: 4051: 4039: 4038: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4017: 4016: 4015: 4010: 4005: 3995: 3993:Pierre Bernard 3990: 3989: 3988: 3980: 3969: 3967: 3960: 3956: 3955: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3942: 3940: 3939: 3938: 3937: 3927: 3926: 3925: 3920: 3910: 3904: 3902: 3896: 3895: 3893: 3892: 3885: 3877: 3875: 3871: 3870: 3868: 3867: 3862: 3856: 3854: 3850: 3849: 3847: 3846: 3841: 3836: 3830: 3824: 3818: 3812: 3806: 3804: 3798: 3797: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3792: 3787: 3786: 3785: 3775: 3766: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3755: 3754: 3753: 3752: 3750:Hasta Vinyasas 3747: 3742: 3737: 3729: 3724: 3719: 3717:Sun Salutation 3714: 3709: 3707:Lotus position 3704: 3699: 3694: 3692:List of asanas 3688: 3686: 3677: 3673: 3672: 3667: 3665: 3664: 3657: 3650: 3642: 3633: 3632: 3629: 3628: 3626: 3625: 3620: 3615: 3610: 3605: 3600: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3579: 3574: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3554: 3549: 3544: 3538: 3536: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3519: 3518: 3516: 3515: 3510: 3505: 3500: 3495: 3490: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3470: 3465: 3460: 3455: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3442: 3440: 3439: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3418: 3416: 3412: 3411: 3409: 3408: 3403: 3398: 3393: 3388: 3383: 3378: 3372: 3370: 3361: 3357: 3356: 3354: 3353: 3348: 3343: 3338: 3333: 3328: 3323: 3318: 3313: 3308: 3303: 3298: 3292: 3290: 3286: 3285: 3283: 3282: 3277: 3272: 3267: 3262: 3257: 3252: 3247: 3241: 3239: 3235: 3234: 3232: 3231: 3226: 3221: 3216: 3211: 3206: 3200: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3181: 3176: 3171: 3166: 3161: 3156: 3151: 3146: 3140: 3138: 3132: 3131: 3108:Sun Salutation 3086: 3083: 3082: 3077: 3075: 3074: 3067: 3060: 3052: 3046: 3045: 3036: 3029: 3028:External links 3026: 3024: 3023: 3009: 2991: 2985: 2969: 2964:978-0863184208 2963: 2946: 2932: 2910: 2896: 2880: 2875:978-1855381667 2874: 2856: 2842: 2827: 2821: 2800: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2791: 2776: 2746: 2695: 2656:(10): e75515. 2636: 2587: 2538: 2481: 2452: 2426: 2399:(3): 602ā€“608. 2381: 2350: 2309: 2274:(5): 369ā€“375. 2257: 2212: 2169: 2120: 2068: 2049:(2): 106ā€“114. 2033: 1996:BMC Psychiatry 1982: 1955:(3): 513ā€“523. 1939: 1905: 1870: 1855: 1806: 1804:, p. 203. 1794: 1759: 1732:(3): 379ā€“396. 1713: 1649: 1595: 1544: 1532: 1520: 1518:, p. 211. 1508: 1506:, p. 209. 1496: 1494:, p. 189. 1484: 1482:, p. 206. 1472: 1470:, p. 219. 1460: 1448: 1446:, p. 221. 1436: 1434:, p. 217. 1424: 1422:, p. 216. 1412: 1400: 1398:, p. 215. 1385: 1363: 1348: 1322: 1303: 1291: 1279: 1267: 1255: 1238: 1236:, p. 108. 1223: 1190: 1186:Singleton 2010 1178: 1159: 1135: 1108:(3): 513ā€“523. 1092: 1043: 1001: 974:(5): 450ā€“460. 953: 931: 930: 928: 925: 924: 923: 921:Yoga foot drop 918: 913: 906: 903: 880: 877: 874: 873: 870: 867: 864: 860: 859: 856: 853: 850: 844: 843: 836: 833: 830: 824: 823: 808: 805: 799: 793: 792: 789: 786: 783: 772: 771: 768: 765: 762: 756: 755: 752: 749: 746: 733: 730: 701: 698: 670:Richard Miller 629: 626: 613: 610: 553: 550: 512: 509: 507: 504: 483: 480: 432:varicose veins 416:knee cartilage 368: 365: 361: 358: 278: 275: 237:Matsyendrasana 222: 221:Magical powers 219: 213: 210: 194:Sivananda Yoga 168:The number of 136:Sivananda Yoga 109: 106: 76:magical claims 43:is the use of 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5806: 5795: 5792: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5776: 5774: 5767: 5751: 5750: 5746: 5744: 5743: 5742:Asana Journal 5739: 5738: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5707: 5704: 5703: 5702: 5699: 5698: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5685: 5684:Light on Yoga 5681: 5679: 5676: 5674: 5671: 5669: 5666: 5662: 5659: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5652: 5649: 5647: 5644: 5640: 5637: 5635: 5632: 5630: 5627: 5626: 5625: 5622: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5604: 5592: 5589: 5588: 5586: 5582: 5579: 5578: 5576: 5572: 5569: 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4738: 4737:Sharon Gannon 4735: 4734: 4733: 4729: 4727: 4723: 4719: 4716: 4714: 4711: 4709: 4706: 4705: 4704: 4700: 4698: 4697:Dharma Mittra 4694: 4690: 4689: 4685: 4683: 4682: 4681:Light on Yoga 4678: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4671: 4667: 4663: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4650: 4647: 4646: 4645: 4641: 4637: 4634: 4632: 4629: 4628: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4616: 4615: 4614: 4613:Integral Yoga 4610: 4606: 4603: 4602: 4601: 4597: 4593: 4590: 4589: 4588: 4584: 4580: 4579: 4575: 4573: 4570: 4569: 4568: 4564: 4560: 4559:Larry Schultz 4557: 4555: 4552: 4550: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4540: 4537: 4536: 4535: 4531: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4501: 4497: 4495: 4492: 4491: 4490: 4486: 4482: 4479: 4478: 4477: 4476:Kaivalyadhama 4473: 4469: 4466: 4464: 4463:Shri Yogendra 4461: 4460: 4459: 4455: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4444: 4440: 4430: 4429: 4424: 4422: 4421: 4420:Enlighten Up! 4416: 4414: 4413: 4408: 4407: 4405: 4401: 4395: 4394: 4389: 4387: 4386: 4381: 4379: 4378: 4377:Roots of Yoga 4373: 4371: 4370: 4365: 4363: 4362: 4357: 4355: 4354: 4350: 4348: 4347: 4342: 4340: 4339: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4327: 4325: 4324: 4319: 4317: 4316: 4311: 4310: 4308: 4304: 4296: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4280: 4279: 4276: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4261: 4259: 4256: 4254: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4242: 4241: 4238: 4234: 4233: 4228: 4226: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4215: 4214: 4212: 4208: 4202: 4199: 4197: 4193: 4191: 4187: 4185: 4182: 4180: 4176: 4172: 4169: 4167: 4164: 4162: 4159: 4157: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4147: 4144: 4143: 4142: 4138: 4136: 4132: 4131: 4129: 4127: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4110: 4109:Geeta Iyengar 4107: 4106: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 4087: 4083: 4080: 4079: 4078: 4075: 4073: 4070: 4068: 4065: 4064: 4062: 4058: 4050: 4049: 4045: 4044: 4043: 4040: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4021: 4018: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3987: 3986: 3981: 3979: 3976: 3975: 3974: 3971: 3970: 3968: 3964: 3961: 3957: 3952: 3936: 3933: 3932: 3931: 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2992: 2988: 2982: 2978: 2974: 2970: 2966: 2960: 2956: 2952: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2929: 2925: 2924: 2923:Roots of Yoga 2919: 2915: 2911: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2893: 2889: 2885: 2881: 2877: 2871: 2867: 2866: 2861: 2857: 2853: 2849: 2845: 2839: 2835: 2834: 2828: 2824: 2818: 2813: 2812: 2806: 2802: 2801: 2796: 2787: 2783: 2779: 2777:3-8055-7986-1 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2750: 2747: 2742: 2738: 2733: 2728: 2723: 2718: 2715:(2): 92ā€“101. 2714: 2710: 2706: 2699: 2696: 2691: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2640: 2637: 2632: 2628: 2623: 2618: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2591: 2588: 2583: 2579: 2574: 2569: 2565: 2561: 2557: 2553: 2549: 2542: 2539: 2534: 2530: 2525: 2520: 2516: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2485: 2482: 2469: 2465: 2459: 2457: 2453: 2440: 2436: 2430: 2427: 2422: 2418: 2414: 2410: 2406: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2393: 2385: 2382: 2377: 2373: 2369: 2365: 2361: 2354: 2351: 2346: 2342: 2337: 2332: 2328: 2324: 2320: 2313: 2310: 2305: 2301: 2297: 2293: 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1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1555: 1548: 1545: 1541: 1540:Newcombe 2019 1536: 1533: 1529: 1528:Newcombe 2019 1524: 1521: 1517: 1516:Newcombe 2019 1512: 1509: 1505: 1504:Newcombe 2019 1500: 1497: 1493: 1492:Newcombe 2019 1488: 1485: 1481: 1480:Newcombe 2019 1476: 1473: 1469: 1468:Newcombe 2019 1464: 1461: 1457: 1452: 1449: 1445: 1444:Newcombe 2019 1440: 1437: 1433: 1432:Newcombe 2019 1428: 1425: 1421: 1420:Newcombe 2019 1416: 1413: 1409: 1408:Goldberg 2016 1404: 1401: 1397: 1396:Newcombe 2019 1392: 1390: 1386: 1373: 1367: 1364: 1360: 1355: 1353: 1349: 1337: 1333: 1326: 1323: 1319: 1314: 1312: 1310: 1308: 1304: 1300: 1299:Newcombe 2019 1295: 1292: 1288: 1283: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1268: 1264: 1259: 1256: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1243: 1239: 1235: 1230: 1228: 1224: 1212: 1211: 1206: 1199: 1197: 1195: 1191: 1187: 1182: 1179: 1174: 1170: 1163: 1160: 1155: 1151: 1144: 1142: 1140: 1136: 1131: 1127: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1096: 1093: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1064: 1060: 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417: 413: 409: 405: 400: 396: 392: 388: 383: 380: 374: 367:Remedial yoga 366: 364: 359: 357: 355: 351: 347: 341: 338: 334: 328: 326: 322: 318: 317: 316:Light on Yoga 312: 308: 304: 296: 292: 288: 283: 276: 274: 272: 270: 266: 262: 258: 254: 250: 246: 242: 238: 234: 233: 228: 220: 218: 211: 209: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 179: 175: 171: 166: 164: 160: 156: 152: 148: 141: 137: 133: 129: 125: 120: 115: 107: 105: 103: 99: 95: 94:low back pain 91: 87: 85: 81: 78:for medieval 77: 72: 70: 66: 62: 58: 54: 50: 46: 42: 34: 30: 19: 5766: 5749:Yoga Journal 5747: 5740: 5706:Mindful Yoga 5701:Yoga hybrids 5682: 5667: 5629:Downward dog 5494:Anuttarayoga 5422: 5369: 5362: 5355: 5348: 5341: 5334: 5327: 5320: 5313: 5306: 5299: 5292: 5287:Amritasiddhi 5285: 5278: 5010: 5003: 4996: 4989: 4968: 4895:Five sheaths 4890:Three bodies 4763:Anusara Yoga 4726:Forrest Yoga 4718:Sarah Powers 4713:Paul Grilley 4686: 4679: 4670:Iyengar Yoga 4636:Stephen Cope 4626:Kripalu Yoga 4576: 4544:Mysore style 4498: 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Retrieved 1210:The Guardian 1208: 1188:, p. 4. 1181: 1172: 1168: 1162: 1154:Yoga Journal 1105: 1101: 1095: 1065:(1): 22ā€“33. 1062: 1058: 1021: 1017: 971: 967: 948: 944: 935: 892: 888: 735: 718:organic food 703: 682: 674: 652: 618: 615: 590:hypothalamus 571: 539: 520: 485: 467:Ickwell Bury 452: 442: 435: 384: 376: 363: 349: 343: 330: 314: 300: 287:Iyengar Yoga 273: 268: 230: 224: 215: 190:Iyengar Yoga 167: 145: 132:Iyengar Yoga 88: 73: 67:and calming 40: 39: 29: 5789:Yoga styles 5616:As exercise 5514:Yantra yoga 5509:Devata yoga 5418:Anapanasati 5261:Sexual Yoga 5182:Kapalabhati 5152:Sama vritti 5103:Surat Shabd 5029:Eight limbs 4959:Bhakti yoga 4946:Three Yogas 4882:Subtle body 4802:Modern yoga 4768:John Friend 4708:Paulie Zink 4657:Bikram Yoga 4631:Amrit Desai 4600:Ananda Yoga 4511:A. G. Mohan 4196:Aerial yoga 4025:B. C. 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Index

Yoga for therapeutic purposes

yoga as exercise
asanas
exercise
yoga
meditation
breath work (pranayama)
music
magical claims
haį¹­ha yoga
organ
Systematic reviews
low back pain
depression
trauma-sensitive yoga
Yoga as exercise

aerobic exercise
Bikram Yoga
Iyengar Yoga
Sivananda Yoga
haį¹­ha yoga
Yoga
asanas
pranayama
savasana
haį¹­ha yoga
schools and styles of yoga
Ashtanga Vinyasa Yoga

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