78:"The introduction of the zaildari agency into any district must be approved by the local Government . Any subsequent increase or decrease in the number of zaildars can be made under the orders of the Financial Commissioner, provided the percentage of the land revenue assigned for their emoluments is not exceeded ... No attempt should be made to fix the limits of zails, but the tribal organization and other important families of the tract should be explained in such detail as is necessary to enable Government to judge whether the agency should be introduced. Any proposals to appoint inamdars may be made in the same report. The opinions both of the Settlement Officer and of the Deputy Commissioner should be given. The report should be submitted to Government through the Commissioner and the Financial Commissioner, each of whom should record his views on the proposal made in it."
47:, was responsible for appointing Zaildars from amongst the men of the tribe or the area, thus reinforcing his preexisting social authority with the official sanction as the representative of the government. Zaildars were the revenue-collecting officers also responsible for maintaining law and order. The Lambardar and Safedposh assisted the Zaildar. The Zaildar in turn assisted the Deputy Commissioner. The Zaildar was more influential than the Lambardar (village head) because a Zail included several villages.
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responsibilities of the
Zaildar corresponded to the responsibilities that fell under the Deputy Commissioner, such as revenue collection, mutations, local governance issues, related dispute resolution, etc. Other duties corresponded with the responsibilities that fell under the Settlement officer, such as revenue settlement, reassessments, preparation of maps, etc.
68:(also called Deputy Commissioner) during the land revenue settlement exercise. Settlement officers, with advice from the District collector and subject to the final approval of the state's Financial Commissioner, appointed a Zaildar to each Zail either on a hereditary basis, for one person's life or for a fixed tenure. The Zaildars were equivalent to the
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https://www.google.com/search?q=the+punjab+land+revenue+act%2C+1887+(act+no.+17+of+1887)&oq=t&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBggAEEUYOzIGCAAQRRg7MgYIARBFGDsyBggCEEUYPDIGCAMQRRg8MgYIBBBFGDwyBggFEEUYPDIGCAYQRRg5MgYIBxBFGDsyDQgIEAAYgwEYsQMYgAQyDQgJEAAYgwEYsQMYgATSAQgyMTI4ajBqNKgCALACAA&client=ms-android-huawei-rev1&sourceid=chrome-mobile&ie=UTF-8
147:, because of conflicts between the elected MLAs and the Zaildars. Police and Tehsil officers had been giving more weight to the opinions of Zaildars and this had undermined the MLAs. For the purpose, an amendment was carried out in Section 28 of The Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1887 through Section 3 of Punjab Act 27 of 1964.
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Zaildars were essentially revenue ministers and representatives of the
British Empire who received remuneration for their duties, life grants of either a fixed amount or a grant equal to one per cent of the revenue of their zails from the assessment of any single village that they chose. Some of the
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of earlier times and were hand-picked by the higher authorities, who based their decision on issues such as caste or tribe, local influence, extent of landholding, services rendered to the state by him or his family, and personal character and ability. A Zaildar once appointed could only be removed
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The position was important as it extended the influence of the colonial state into the villages. It also reinforced the already dominant social status of the
Zaildar with official government sanction. The Zaildar exercised authority and patronage over the villagers.
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grants of a semi-hereditary nature enjoyed by some of the leading agricultural families. They were semi-hereditary because one of the conditions of the grant was that on the death of an incumbent, his successor should, if possible, be a member of the same family.
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from office for misconduct or neglect; removal on account of old age or disability was a harsh punishment and in such cases he could continue to operate through a representative.
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in 1947, the system of Zails, Zaildars and
Safedposh continued to exist till 1964. Then the system was abolished by CM of Punjab
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Kashmir took lead in abolution of
Zaildari system where it was abolished in 1950.
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281:, Punjab Government publications, point 235 and 578-282 on page 115, 272-273.
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The Indian Army and the Making of Punjab, Rajit K. Mazumder, Permanent Black
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375:"The Punjab Land Revenue Act: Act XVII of 1887 : with a Commentary"
362:"The Punjab Land Revenue Act: Act XVII of 1887 : with a Commentary"
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After
Kashmir and India, Pakistan abolished Zaildari system in 1967.
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which was an administrative unit of group of villages during the
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Final Report of
Revised Settlement, Hoshiarpur District, 1879–84
84:
Punjab
Settlement Manual, 1930 (point 578, page 272).
431:. Chandigarh: Controller of Printing and Stationery.
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https://kashmirlife.net/the-fall-of-the-feudals-444/
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174:Punjabi movies with Zialdar in the title include
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64:Zails were established and demarcated by the
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329:"The Indian Army and the Making of Punjab."
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145:Members of the Legislative Assembly
37:Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)
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90:Role and remuneration of Zaildars
19:was an officer in charge of a
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377:, Lahore Law Depot, page 140.
373:Om Prakash Aggarawala, 1936,
364:, Lahore Law Depot, page 155.
360:Om Prakash Aggarawala, 1936,
109:, or grants, there were some
331:, Permanent Black, page 97,
51:Influence of Zaildari system
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103:In addition to these life
327:Rajit K. Mazumder, 2003,
43:, with the advice of the
279:Punjab Settlement Manual
200:List of Zaildars by Zail
403:By J. A. L. Montgomery
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29:British Indian Empire
167:wrote a book called
60:Appointment criteria
141:Partap Singh Kairon
137:Indian independence
45:Deputy Commissioner
491:History of Haryana
453:Kapur Singh Ghuman
165:Kapur Singh Ghuman
66:District collector
41:Settlement Officer
308:SAGE Publications
210:Indian honorifics
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486:Sikh Empire
184:(2016) and
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480:Categories
337:8178240599
316:0761933360
257:References
111:Safedposhi
70:Chaudharis
457:"Zaildar"
230:Lambardar
135:Post the
118:Abolition
99:Safedposh
455:, 1972,
302:, 2005,
245:Zamindar
240:Sarpanch
220:Jagirdar
193:See also
178:(1972),
171:in 1972.
151:Pakistan
82:—
35:rule in
235:Patwari
225:Mankari
188:(2017).
176:Zaildar
169:Zaildar
123:Kashmir
17:Zaildar
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277:1930,
39:. The
429:(PDF)
131:India
106:inams
333:ISBN
312:ISBN
21:Zail
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