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of the railway. In the beginning, some people were skeptical that the government would be able to construct the railroad all by itself in the rugged mountains north of Peking. However, Jeme showed he was an able engineer and completed the work two years ahead of schedule and under budget. He included a
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to the north. This railway would be of strategic importance to the government. The decision was therefore made that the railway would be built without foreign assistance. Capital would come from the government, and no foreign engineers were to be hired. Jeme was once again appointed as chief engineer
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so she could visit the tombs of her royal ancestors. Kinder was the original candidate for chief engineer, however the French were unhappy that an
Englishman was assigned to the position. Eventually, Jeme got the assignment as the chief engineer of the 37 kilometres (23 mi) stub line. He managed
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The Qing government officials found the behavior of the foreign-educated students to be "un-Chinese". They had adopted many
Western practices such as playing baseball and wearing shirts and pants instead of traditional robes and had their queues cut off. Instead of utilizing their talents to the
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degree in 1881. He was considered lucky, because only a few months after his graduation, the Qing government decided to recall all students studying in the United States. Of those who were sent abroad, only he and another student (Owyang King, 欧阳庚) were able to complete their college degrees.
408:, was hired as the chief engineer of the railroad. Through connections with his old schoolmates working in Peking, Jeme joined Kinder as an intern engineer. He was soon promoted to engineer, and later the district engineer. The railway that he worked on was later extended to become the
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railway tunnel, he accelerated construction by drilling a vertical shaft into the path of the tunnel. This doubled the number of digging teams that could be employed. He was also said to be a technical advisor for the construction of the
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283:), the first railway constructed in China without foreign assistance. For his contributions to railroad engineering in China, Jeme is known as the "Father of China's Railroad".
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275:; 26 April 1861 – 24 April 1919), was a pioneering Chinese railroad engineer. Educated in the United States, he was the chief engineer responsible for construction of the
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to construct the railroad within budget and to a very tight schedule. The
Empress was pleased and permission was given to construct more railroads in China.
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In 1905, the
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in 1909. A notice following his death written by his
American peers called him the "Father of Chinese Railroads."
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fullest, the government sent them all, including Jeme, to work as translators or as officers in the newly formed
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522:"Jeme Tien Yow (Zhan Tianyou), Sheffield Scientific School class of 1881. - Yale University Library"
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and the rugged mountains north of
Beijing. The Zhan Tianyou Museum was also established nearby, at
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339:. His major was Civil Engineering, with an emphasis in railroad construction, and received a
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Obituary Record of
Graduates of Yale University Deceased During the Year Ending July 1, 1919
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Stepping Forth into the World the
Chinese Educational Mission to the United States, 1872-81
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412:. He spent 12 years on various sections of this line before his next major assignment.
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Jeme's descendants range from
Eastern China to the Philippines to the United States.
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In 1888, Jeme was finally able to realize his dream of becoming an engineer. Viceroy
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381:. A few years later, in 1884, the Imperial Navy at Fuchow was destroyed during the
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489:, Hupeh (now spelt Hankou, Hubei) at the age of 57, and was buried at the
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680:"Chinese Educational Mission Connections 1872–1881 – Jeme Tien Yau"
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imperial officials to be sent to the United States as part of the
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Jeme was born in Namhoi (now spelt Nanhai) county (now part of
617:"1918-1919 Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University"
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Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers
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Biographical Dictionary of Republican China Volume I
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to overcome the steep gradient. When excavating the
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818:Historical Dictionary of Modern China (1800-1949)
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438:Qinglongqiao (Ching-lung-chiao) railway station
461:Jeme was subsequently elected a member of the
802:Engineers, American Society of Civil (1919).
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396:was constructing a railroad that would link
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791:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
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465:in 1909. He was a founding member of the
752:Boorman, Howard L., et al., eds (1967).
331:there, and in 1878, was admitted to the
758:. New York: Columbia University Press.
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16:Chinese railroad engineer (1861–1919)
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419:decided to build a special line for
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686:from the original on 6 October 2014
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501:, to commemorate his achievements.
475:American Society of Civil Engineers
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728:from the original on 8 March 2023
633:from the original on 3 March 2016
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532:from the original on 4 March 2023
925:19th-century American engineers
473:in 1916. He was elected to the
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915:19th-century Chinese engineers
910:20th-century Chinese engineers
844:University of Washington Press
800:"Memoir of Jeme Tien Yow," in
745:References and further reading
722:"Zhan Tianyou Memorial Museum"
467:Chinese Institute of Engineers
351:A statue of Jeme Tien-Yow, in
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463:North British Academy of Arts
449:built in 1906 as part of the
836:Rhoads, Edward J.M. (2011),
526:collections.library.yale.edu
491:Qinglongqiao railway station
333:Sheffield Scientific School
317:Chinese Educational Mission
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136:Father of China's Railroad
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870:Engineers from Guangdong
471:University of Hong Kong
377:. Jeme was sent to the
875:Kowloon–Canton Railway
815:Gao, James Z. (2009).
654:, p. 18, 34, 130.
485:In 1919, Jeme died in
451:Kowloon-Canton Railway
404:. A British engineer,
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341:Bachelor of Philosophy
880:People from Guangzhou
400:to the coal mines in
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355:south railway station
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329:Hillhouse High School
277:Peking-Kalgan Railway
590:(77): 1150–4. 1920.
421:Empress Dowager Cixi
61:Zhan in October 1909
821:. Scarecrow Press.
905:Burials in Beijing
784:has generic name (
410:Peking Mukden Line
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750:"Chan T'ien-yu,"
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191:Zhān Tiānyòu
185:Hanyu Pinyin
149:Chinese name
101:(1919-04-24)
42:Zhan Tianyou
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23:Chinese name
18:
890:1919 deaths
885:1861 births
810:, 681- 694.
457:Recognition
417:Yuan Shikai
353:Zhangjiakou
321:Connecticut
281:Zhangjiakou
240:zim tin jau
32:Zhan (Jeme)
27:family name
864:Categories
765:0231089589
707:, p.
601:30 January
495:Great Wall
481:Later life
287:Background
199:Wade–Giles
89:Qing China
73:1861-04-26
774:cite book
732:22 August
415:In 1902,
325:New Haven
297:Guangdong
293:Guangzhou
726:Archived
684:Archived
628:Archived
592:Archived
551:Gao 2009
530:Archived
499:Badaling
442:Badaling
402:Tangshan
398:Tientsin
234:Jyutping
21:In this
637:4 March
536:4 March
434:zig zag
309:Jiangxi
305:Huizhou
269:Chinese
155:Chinese
850:
825:
762:
487:Hankow
429:Kalgan
394:Peking
368:Career
271::
107:Hankou
85:Canton
81:Namhoi
25:, the
631:(PDF)
620:(PDF)
595:(PDF)
584:(PDF)
508:Notes
295:) in
263:, or
848:ISBN
823:ISBN
793:link
786:help
760:ISBN
734:2020
692:2014
639:2023
603:2016
538:2023
96:Died
67:Born
709:693
392:in
335:of
303:in
273:詹天佑
161:詹天佑
126:PhB
50:詹天佑
29:is
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