1180:
2705:
1027:
1287:
1387:
1365:
981:
2694:
1600:
1141:
847:
2700:
146:
2711:
1409:
1431:
1333:
735:
474:
646:
2734:
559:
1586:
128:
806:
s lack of similar feathers may indicate another unique anatomical feature of this animal among its relatives. However, the specimen's hind limbs belong to a piece of slab that preserves no other feathers on the body, while the other pieces all preserve feathers. Therefore, the lack of leg-feathers on
641:
are represented by small regions of imprints in the front and back of the neck. While poorly preserved, these feathers appear to contain small, simple filaments less than a millimeter thick and up to 30 millimeters long. Whether the animal's body feathers were simple and non-shafted or more complex
714:
The specimen's better-preserved right wing shows that the primary feathers were longer than its secondaries, and the authors estimate approximately 10 primaries and 20 secondaries. An asymmetric shape, as in modern birds, may be visible on some of both primaries and secondaries, but preservational
861:
is considered by its authors to be a "rare and aberrant animal" compared to the related group of
Liaoning dromaeosaurids to which it belongs, due to its large body size and short arms. It is the first demonstration of feather morphology in a short-armed dromaeosaurid, and is currently the largest
742:
Long vaned feathers were also present along the length of the tail, and are preserved as a series of long projections of vanes at a 45-degree angle from the tail vertebrae. While preservation makes symmetry difficult to assess, these feathers appear generally similar to the tail feathers of other
464:
of the Early
Cretaceous (125–113 million years ago). The holotype specimen is represented by its sub-adult status, its nearly complete and articulated skeleton lacking only half of the tail, its well preserved skull and lower jaws, and its preservation of vaned feathers on the arms and tail. The
703:, but the coverts are noteworthy for being more similar in size and shape to these feathers in modern birds. These are preserved as a row of approximately 30 feathers of a consistent small size that attach perpendicularly to the ulna and third metacarpal of the specimen. The coverts of
862:
known non-avian dinosaur with complex wings. Though the authors state that the animal is likely too big to fly, they also stress the importance of biomechanical modeling before drawing specific conclusions about the aerodynamic function (or lack thereof) of
370:
preserved a nearly complete skeleton that contains traces of feathers, including long tail feathers and large wings. In addition to further complicating diversity of
Liaoning dromaeosaurids, this specimen provides the first direct evidence of well-developed
505:
would have been about 165 centimetres (5.41 ft) long when complete. With the added length of long tail feathers, the animal was perhaps up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) in life. The fossil represents a subadult individual, as shown by the fusion of the
636:
on several parts of the specimen, including a "hairy" coat of simple filaments over most of the body and large, vaned feathers on the tail and arms, which would have given the animal a life appearance indistinguishable from a bird. The body feathers of
877:
and then retaining aspects of flight capability through inertia or unknown adaptive reasons. Other possibilities include the use of wings in displaying to mates or rivals, protecting eggs in its nest, or even some amount of arboreal gliding. So-called
886:
s wings. According to the authors and other paleontologists, the most viable hypothesis at this time is the use of the wings in sexual display, either to threaten rivals or to court potential mates, much as a peacock uses its tail to impress hens.
1520:, despite uniquely sharing short arms among the Liaoning dromaeosaurids, and nor did the Liaoning dromaeosaurids form their own clade. Instead, they resolved into a broad group that included eudromaeosaurs, which in turn includes the
843:, but it would have been at least twice as heavy at an estimated 20 kilograms (44 lb). Despite the modern-looking wings, due to this size and weight the animal was unlikely to be able to "fly or glide or do anything in the air".
539:, four of which are clearly fused, and its tail includes the network of bony support rods typical of dromaeosaurs, as well as middle caudal (tail) vertebrae that are somewhat elongated compared to most other dromaeosaurs. Both
1573:
s closest phylogenetic affinities lie. There may exist a clade of
Liaoning dromaeosaurids that includes a smaller group of short-armed dromaeosaurids, or short arms may have evolved multiple times in this group.
802:, it is noteworthy that the specimen does not preserve any feathers on the hind limbs. Some of its closest relatives are known for long, voluminous vaned feathers attaching to the ankles and lower legs, and
497:
skeleton is nearly complete but lacks the last half of the tail, giving the specimen a preserved length of 122.6 centimetres (4.02 ft). Based on comparison to the complete skeleton of
869:
This raises the question of what such a large, short-armed animal was doing with complex wings and feathers so similar to those used for flight in other animals. One possibility is that
521:, a dromaeosaurid from the same formation, and it bears many anatomical similarities to the other Liaoning dromaeosaurids. The skull is well-preserved and similar in shape to that of
1534:. This condition, where a node (which represents a shared ancestor) begets multiple immediate branches that don't cluster into further groups, is known as a
2814:
2839:
1887:
894:
s wings may have served, its discovery has provided a new glimpse into the diversity of
Liaoning dromaeosaurid body plans and to the diversity of the
1845:
1700:"A large, short-armed, winged dromaeosaurid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous of China and its implications for feather evolution"
2829:
411:
2844:
954:
though their exact relationships could not be resolved. The cladogram below follows the analysis of the holotype by Lü & Brusatte 2015.
1641:
657:(upper arm). The wings were broad, with a total surface area of about one square meter each, but their precise shape is unknown due to
2727:
1613:
555:
at a ratio of around 1.30. This large ratio is typical of
Liaoning dromaeosaurs but differs from most other dinosaurs in this group.
906:
must have been coexisting with some of the smaller, long-armed ones, much as ecosystems support multiple species of birds today.
902:) and therefore might not have all been contemporaneous, it is still the case that large-bodied, short-armed dromaeosaurids like
779:, which had shorter feathers along the base and middle of the tail but large, complex fans at the tip. However, since the end of
2704:
2693:
811:
may be an artifact of preservation or preparation and, like the presence of a tail fan, cannot be ruled out with certainty.
1880:
1179:
879:
2710:
2834:
457:, was found in the Sihedang locality of Jianchang County of northeastern China's Yixian Formation, which dates from the
2699:
145:
396:
898:
more generally. Despite the fact that the six
Liaoning dromaeosaurids are spread across two formations (Yixian and
1747:
1984:
1873:
928:
analysis recovered it in the same position in the evolutionary tree as the other five
Liaoning dromaeosaurids (
653:
Despite its small arms, the feathers that made up the wings were very long, more than twice the length of the
1820:
439:
423:
399:
by
Zhenyuan Sun, a representative of the museum. There it was further prepared by Zhang Y.-Q. In 2015, the
375:
feathers in a large, non-flying dromaeosaur, raising the question of what function such wings would serve.
2754:
873:
is secondarily flightless, having a shared ancestry with smaller, potentially volant dromaeosaurids like
715:
distortion makes it difficult to assess this for certain. Overall, the shape and feather architecture of
360:
period, approximately 125 million years ago. It is known from a single specimen belonging to the species
2824:
2819:
2786:
2737:
1364:
620:
being shorter than the combined lengths of the first metacarpal and first bone of the innermost finger.
570:
277:
1026:
569:
had very short arms and the shortest arm-to-leg length ratio of any known dromaeosaurid except for the
1286:
665:(which attach to the second digit of the hand), secondary feathers (which attach to the forearm), and
2038:
1543:
882:", which some modern birds use to help "flap" up steep inclines, is one potential aerodynamic use of
446:
was one of eighteen dinosaur taxa from 2015 to be described in open access or free-to-read journals.
1386:
980:
2455:
1605:
975:
899:
575:
253:
823:
would have been virtually indistinguishable from a large bird in life, and has been compared to a
2192:
2011:
1792:
372:
140:
2791:
846:
2652:
2543:
2479:
2375:
2168:
1729:
1230:
392:
384:
669:(which cover both sets). The overall feather architecture of the wings is similar to that of
2576:
2522:
2382:
2360:
1719:
1711:
1591:
1551:
1528:
1140:
1135:
918:
588:. Its arms also exhibit some unique and unusual features seen in few related dinosaurs. The
527:
419:
354:
338:
313:
41:
1430:
2636:
2490:
2393:
2106:
2084:
2050:
1969:
1896:
1524:
1345:
1332:
1199:
961:
951:
921:
666:
540:
331:
229:
1767:
734:
473:
2294:
1724:
1699:
1408:
749:
662:
427:
407:
249:
645:
2808:
2615:
2529:
2421:
2406:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2321:
2256:
2249:
2178:
1425:
1310:
1101:
1084:
934:
824:
783:
s tail is not preserved, it's impossible to rule out the presence of a fan entirely.
775:
711:
that preserve them are, by contrast, considerably longer and cover much of the wing.
699:
677:
642:
filaments attaching to a central vane is impossible to determine from this specimen.
589:
461:
367:
78:
2674:
2585:
2506:
2499:
2464:
2428:
2367:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2210:
2142:
1403:
1359:
1327:
1157:
1043:
1021:
689:
584:
580:
489:
400:
558:
2777:
17:
2629:
2607:
2558:
2514:
2471:
2436:
2414:
2353:
2264:
2199:
2023:
1281:
1213:
1118:
895:
671:
609:
605:
548:
507:
53:
2622:
2599:
2551:
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2271:
2149:
2127:
1935:
1926:
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683:
633:
617:
431:
357:
203:
98:
63:
2660:
2592:
2287:
2279:
2185:
1996:
1944:
1531:
1264:
1060:
1004:
925:
658:
649:
Detail of the preserved integument, showing vaned feathers on tail and wings
536:
388:
216:
157:
103:
47:
1733:
547:. Its leg proportions are similar to other Liaoning dromaeosaurs, with its
465:
fossil is compressed on its stone plate or slab. A counterplate is absent.
127:
2771:
2644:
2565:
2536:
2310:
2120:
1920:
1562:, but other features with dromaeosaurids that are not closely related to
1535:
1521:
854:
depicted using its wings in a threat display, as suggested by the authors
601:
450:
342:
334:
190:
177:
93:
88:
73:
68:
58:
2667:
1953:
1247:
836:
727:
feathers which attach to the first finger in modern birds and possibly
708:
694:
654:
597:
544:
415:
108:
83:
1715:
1538:
and reflects phylogenetic uncertainty. The uncertainty in the case of
661:
distortion. The specimen's right wing shows an overlapping complex of
323:
319:
2242:
2134:
1914:
840:
532:
511:
494:
458:
350:
316:
167:
2748:
1642:"'Big Bird' dino: Researchers discover largest ever winged dinosaur"
1846:"Zhenyuanlong suni: biggest ever winged dinosaur is found in China"
1865:
1569:
The result is that it is not yet possible to know precisely where
1513:
845:
832:
733:
724:
644:
557:
552:
487:
was a mid-sized dromaeosaurid comparable in length to the similar
472:
346:
2752:
1907:
1869:
1554:
shared with a number of disparate dromaeosaurids. For example,
828:
819:
At around 2 metres in length and covered in complex feathers,
616:
is also unique among
Liaoning dromaeosaurids for its second
1768:"Dinosaur find: Velociraptor ancestor was 'winged dragon'"
1546:
induced by introduction of the new genus. This means that
1821:"New dinosaur called 'fluffy feathered poodle from hell'"
1793:"Velociraptor Was a 'Fluffy, Feathered Poodle From Hell'"
743:
birdlike dinosaurs that preserve this region, including
839:. Its size would have been just over that of a modern
831:, or "big chicken", with wings similar to those of an
2761:
2575:
2489:
2454:
2392:
2320:
2209:
2167:
2104:
2049:
2022:
1995:
1968:
604:dinosaur, comparable only to a handful of basal
1693:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1683:
1681:
543:are preserved and the specimen shows non-fused
1679:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1665:
1663:
1661:
612:, which had extremely reduced arms and hands.
383:The specimen was found by a local farmer near
1881:
501:, it has been estimated that the skeleton of
8:
600:is among the proportionally thinnest of any
1698:Lü, Junchang; Brusatte, Stephen L. (2015).
430:. The generic name combines Zhenyuan Sun's
406:was named and described by paleontologists
2749:
2398:
2112:
2101:
2028:
2001:
1974:
1965:
1904:
1888:
1874:
1866:
1512:did not necessarily form its own group or
723:, though the former lacks any sign of the
517:Its overall proportions are comparable to
126:
31:
1814:
1812:
1723:
1635:
1633:
1631:
1629:
1625:
395:and was later secured for study at the
890:Regardless of what practical function
719:s wings were most similar to those of
412:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences
1761:
1759:
1757:
1558:shares its short arm morphology with
7:
1748:"The Open Access Dinosaurs of 2015"
1351:
1302:
1205:
1195:
1076:
996:
967:
957:
2815:Early Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
1791:Brusatte, Stephen (17 July 2015),
1614:Timeline of dromaeosaurid research
765:. This differentiates the tail of
25:
2840:Taxa named by Stephen L. Brusatte
2733:
2732:
2709:
2703:
2698:
2692:
1640:Balter, Michael (16 July 2015),
1598:
1584:
1429:
1407:
1385:
1363:
1331:
1285:
1178:
1139:
1025:
979:
510:having been progressed into the
144:
1766:Gill, Victoria (16 July 2015),
397:Jinzhou Paleontological Museum
1:
2830:Fossil taxa described in 2015
1819:Dunham, Will (16 July 2015),
1550:possesses a "hodge-podge" of
880:wing-assisted incline running
1844:Sample, Ian (16 July 2015),
786:Given the close affinity of
442:refers to his family name.
2861:
27:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
2845:Taxa named by Lü Junchang
2722:
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972:
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480:compared in size to human
283:
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141:Scientific classification
139:
134:
125:
34:
1710:: Article number 11775.
438:, meaning "dragon". The
434:with the Chinese Pinyin
917:has been placed in the
424:University of Edinburgh
366:(Chinese: 孫氏振元龍). This
296:Lü & Brusatte, 2015
855:
739:
738:Detail of the skeleton
650:
563:
481:
349:. It lived during the
2787:Paleobiology Database
849:
737:
648:
561:
476:
850:Life restoration of
2835:Feathered dinosaurs
2456:Saurornitholestinae
1606:Paleontology portal
628:The type fossil of
562:Detail of the skull
310:"Zhenyuan's dragon"
1704:Scientific Reports
1508:It was noted that
856:
740:
651:
564:
482:
2802:
2801:
2755:Taxon identifiers
2746:
2745:
2718:
2717:
2688:
2687:
2684:
2683:
2653:Saurornitholestes
2544:Saurornitholestes
2480:Saurornitholestes
2169:Halszkaraptorinae
2096:
2095:
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2091:
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1716:10.1038/srep11775
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1231:Saurornitholestes
485:Zhenyuanlong suni
404:Zhenyuanlong suni
393:Liaoning Province
363:Zhenyuanlong suni
301:
300:
290:Zhenyuanlong suni
257:
18:Zhenyuanlong suni
16:(Redirected from
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2794:
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2750:
2736:
2735:
2713:
2707:
2702:
2696:
2577:Velociraptorinae
2523:Dromaeosauroides
2399:
2383:Zhongjianosaurus
2361:Sinornithosaurus
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1206:
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1182:
1143:
1136:Sinornithosaurus
1077:
1029:
997:
983:
968:
958:
944:Sinornithosaurus
800:Sinornithosaurus
773:and the related
745:Sinornithosaurus
707:and other basal
663:primary feathers
551:longer than the
541:pectoral girdles
535:consists of six
528:Sinornithosaurus
525:and the related
420:Stephen Brusatte
339:Yixian Formation
330:) is a genus of
292:
288:
248:
241:
228:
149:
148:
135:Fossil specimen
130:
120:
50:
42:Early Cretaceous
40:Temporal range:
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21:
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2798:
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2776:
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2757:
2747:
2742:
2714:
2680:
2637:Luanchuanraptor
2571:
2491:Dromaeosaurinae
2485:
2450:
2394:Eudromaeosauria
2388:
2316:
2205:
2163:
2109:
2107:Dromaeosauridae
2088:
2085:Dromaeosauridae
2065:
2051:Dromaeosauridae
2045:
2018:
1991:
1985:Avemetatarsalia
1970:Avemetatarsalia
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1525:Dromaeosaurinae
1506:
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1346:Dromaeosaurinae
1200:Eudromaeosauria
962:Dromaeosauridae
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924:. The authors'
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2295:Unquillosaurus
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1885:
1878:
1870:
1862:
1861:
1836:
1808:
1783:
1753:
1739:
1657:
1624:
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1618:
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1595:
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1503:
1502:
1499:
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1476:
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1471:
1467:
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1448:
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1414:
1413:
1399:
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1342:
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1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1163:
1162:
1153:
1150:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1124:
1123:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1039:
1036:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1010:
1009:
1000:
995:
993:
990:
989:
986:
985:
971:
966:
964:
956:
911:
910:Classification
908:
816:
813:
750:Jinfengopteryx
625:
622:
579:and the giant
573:dromaeosaurid
545:sternal plates
470:
467:
428:United Kingdom
380:
377:
299:
298:
295:
281:
280:
274:
273:
265:
263:
259:
258:
237:
233:
232:
224:
220:
219:
214:
207:
206:
201:
194:
193:
188:
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180:
175:
171:
170:
165:
161:
160:
155:
151:
150:
137:
136:
132:
131:
123:
122:
114:
113:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
51:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2857:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2818:
2816:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2793:
2788:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2769:
2768:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2751:
2739:
2731:
2729:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2701:
2695:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2670:
2669:
2665:
2663:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2616:Kansaignathus
2613:
2610:
2609:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2582:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2546:
2545:
2541:
2539:
2538:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2530:Dromaeosaurus
2527:
2525:
2524:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2492:
2488:
2482:
2481:
2477:
2474:
2473:
2469:
2467:
2466:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2453:
2446:
2445:
2441:
2439:
2438:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2422:Dineobellator
2419:
2417:
2416:
2412:
2409:
2408:
2404:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2385:
2384:
2380:
2378:
2377:
2373:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2351:
2348:
2347:
2346:Hesperonychus
2343:
2341:
2340:
2339:Graciliraptor
2336:
2334:
2333:
2332:Changyuraptor
2329:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:Microraptoria
2319:
2313:
2312:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2273:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2262:
2259:
2258:
2257:Ornithodesmus
2254:
2252:
2251:
2250:Neuquenraptor
2247:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2212:
2208:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2188:
2187:
2183:
2181:
2180:
2179:Halszkaraptor
2176:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2123:
2122:
2118:
2117:
2114:
2111:
2108:
2103:
2099:
2087:
2086:
2080:
2059:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2054:
2052:
2048:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1916:
1912:
1911:
1906:
1902:
1898:
1891:
1886:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1872:
1871:
1868:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1837:
1826:
1822:
1815:
1813:
1809:
1798:
1797:Time Magazine
1794:
1787:
1784:
1773:
1769:
1762:
1760:
1758:
1754:
1750:. PLOS Paleo.
1749:
1743:
1740:
1735:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1694:
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1680:
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1668:
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1634:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1619:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1607:
1596:
1593:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1572:
1571:Zhenyuanlong'
1567:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1530:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1501:
1500:
1492:
1491:
1483:
1482:
1474:
1473:
1465:
1464:
1456:
1455:
1447:
1446:
1438:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1426:Dromaeosaurus
1420:
1419:
1416:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1406:
1405:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1384:
1383:
1376:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1362:
1361:
1354:
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1347:
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1343:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1330:
1329:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1314:
1313:
1312:
1305:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1284:
1283:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1266:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1251:
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1242:
1241:
1238:
1237:
1234:
1233:
1232:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1208:
1207:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1176:
1169:
1168:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1130:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1120:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1102:Changyuraptor
1096:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1086:
1085:Graciliraptor
1079:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1045:
1038:
1037:
1034:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1006:
999:
998:
992:
991:
988:
987:
984:
982:
978:
977:
970:
969:
963:
960:
959:
955:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
936:
935:Graciliraptor
931:
930:Changyuraptor
927:
923:
920:
916:
909:
907:
905:
901:
897:
893:
892:Zhenyuanlong'
888:
885:
884:Zhenyuanlong'
881:
876:
872:
867:
865:
864:Zhenyuanlong'
860:
853:
848:
844:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
814:
812:
810:
805:
804:Zhenyuanlong'
801:
797:
796:Changyuraptor
793:
789:
784:
782:
781:Zhenyuanlong'
778:
777:
776:Changyuraptor
772:
768:
764:
763:Archaeopteryx
760:
756:
752:
751:
746:
736:
732:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:Zhenyuanlong'
712:
710:
706:
705:Archaeopteryx
702:
701:
700:Archaeopteryx
696:
692:
691:
686:
685:
680:
679:
678:Changyuraptor
674:
673:
668:
664:
660:
656:
647:
643:
640:
635:
631:
623:
621:
619:
615:
611:
607:
603:
599:
595:
594:Zhenyuanlong'
591:
587:
586:
582:
578:
577:
572:
568:
560:
556:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
530:
529:
524:
520:
515:
513:
509:
508:neural arches
504:
500:
496:
492:
491:
486:
479:
475:
468:
466:
463:
460:
456:
452:
447:
445:
441:
440:specific name
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
402:
398:
394:
390:
386:
378:
376:
374:
369:
368:type specimen
365:
364:
359:
356:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
333:
332:dromaeosaurid
329:
325:
321:
318:
315:
311:
307:
306:
293:
291:
282:
279:
278:Binomial name
275:
271:
270:
264:
261:
260:
255:
251:
246:
245:
238:
235:
234:
231:
225:
222:
221:
218:
215:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
195:
192:
189:
186:
183:
182:
179:
176:
173:
172:
169:
166:
163:
162:
159:
156:
153:
152:
147:
142:
138:
133:
129:
124:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
55:
49:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
2825:Dromaeosaurs
2820:Yixian fauna
2763:Zhenyuanlong
2762:
2697:
2675:Velociraptor
2673:
2666:
2659:
2651:
2643:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2606:
2598:
2591:
2586:Acheroraptor
2584:
2564:
2557:
2550:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2513:
2507:Dakotaraptor
2505:
2500:Achillobator
2498:
2478:
2470:
2465:Atrociraptor
2463:
2444:Zhenyuanlong
2443:
2442:
2435:
2429:Tianyuraptor
2427:
2420:
2413:
2405:
2381:
2374:
2368:Tianyuraptor
2366:
2359:
2352:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2309:
2301:
2293:
2286:
2278:
2270:
2263:
2255:
2248:
2241:
2235:Dakotaraptor
2233:
2228:Buitreraptor
2226:
2221:Austroraptor
2219:
2211:Unenlagiinae
2198:
2191:
2184:
2177:
2158:Zhenyuanlong
2157:
2156:
2148:
2143:Tianyuraptor
2141:
2133:
2126:
2119:
2083:
1949:
1940:
1931:
1853:, retrieved
1850:The Guardian
1849:
1839:
1828:, retrieved
1824:
1800:, retrieved
1796:
1786:
1775:, retrieved
1771:
1742:
1707:
1703:
1649:, retrieved
1646:Science News
1645:
1570:
1568:
1564:Tianyuraptor
1563:
1560:Tianyuraptor
1559:
1556:Zhenyuanlong
1555:
1548:Zhenyuanlong
1547:
1540:Zhenyuanlong
1539:
1518:Tianyuraptor
1517:
1510:Zhenyuanlong
1509:
1507:
1424:
1423:
1404:Atrociraptor
1402:
1401:
1380:
1379:
1360:Achillobator
1358:
1357:
1328:Velociraptor
1326:
1325:
1309:
1308:
1280:
1279:
1263:
1262:
1246:
1245:
1229:
1228:
1212:
1211:
1175:Zhenyuanlong
1174:
1173:
1172:
1158:Tianyuraptor
1156:
1155:
1134:
1133:
1117:
1116:
1100:
1099:
1083:
1082:
1059:
1058:
1044:Buitreraptor
1042:
1041:
1022:Austroraptor
1020:
1019:
1003:
1002:
974:
973:
948:Tianyuraptor
947:
943:
939:
933:
929:
915:Zhenyuanlong
914:
913:
904:Zhenyuanlong
903:
891:
889:
883:
874:
871:Zhenyuanlong
870:
868:
863:
859:Zhenyuanlong
858:
857:
852:Zhenyuanlong
851:
821:Zhenyuanlong
820:
818:
815:Paleobiology
809:Zhenyuanlong
808:
803:
799:
795:
791:
788:Zhenyuanlong
787:
785:
780:
774:
770:
767:Zhenyuanlong
766:
762:
759:Eosinopteryx
758:
754:
748:
744:
741:
728:
720:
716:
713:
704:
698:
693:, and basal
690:Eosinopteryx
688:
682:
676:
670:
652:
639:Zhenyuanlong
638:
630:Zhenyuanlong
629:
627:
614:Zhenyuanlong
613:
606:coelurosaurs
593:
585:Austroraptor
583:
574:
567:Zhenyuanlong
566:
565:
526:
523:Tianyuraptor
522:
519:Tianyuraptor
518:
516:
503:Zhenyuanlong
502:
499:Tianyuraptor
498:
490:Tianyuraptor
488:
484:
483:
478:Zhenyuanlong
477:
454:
448:
444:Zhenyuanlong
443:
435:
403:
401:type species
382:
362:
361:
327:
309:
305:Zhenyuanlong
304:
303:
302:
289:
284:
269:Z. suni
268:
267:
244:Zhenyuanlong
243:
242:
210:
197:
184:
36:Zhenyuanlong
35:
29:
2630:Linheraptor
2608:Deinonychus
2559:Yurgovuchia
2515:Deinonychus
2472:Bambiraptor
2437:Vectiraptor
2415:Bambiraptor
2354:Microraptor
2265:Pamparaptor
2200:Natovenator
2039:Maniraptora
2024:Maniraptora
1532:subfamilies
1282:Deinonychus
1214:Bambiraptor
1119:Microraptor
940:Microraptor
896:Jehol Biota
875:Microraptor
792:Microraptor
771:Microraptor
729:Microraptor
721:Microraptor
672:Microraptor
581:unenlagiine
549:tibiotarsus
469:Description
408:Lü Junchang
353:age of the
2809:Categories
2726:See also:
2600:Boreonykus
2552:Utahraptor
2303:Variraptor
2272:Pyroraptor
2150:Variraptor
2128:Pyroraptor
2060:see below↓
1936:Dinosauria
1927:Sauropsida
1620:References
1552:characters
1382:Utahraptor
950:) and the
755:Anchiornis
684:Anchiornis
659:taphonomic
634:integument
632:preserves
618:metacarpal
432:given name
373:pennaceous
358:Cretaceous
204:Saurischia
191:Dinosauria
2778:Q20670696
2593:Adasaurus
2288:Unenlagia
2280:Rahonavis
2186:Hulsanpes
2012:Theropoda
1997:Theropoda
1945:Theropoda
1913:Kingdom:
1544:homoplasy
1522:Laurasian
1265:Adasaurus
1061:Rahonavis
1005:Unenlagia
926:cladistic
900:Jiufotang
866:s wings.
709:paravians
537:vertebrae
389:Jianchang
379:Discovery
337:from the
308:(meaning
262:Species:
217:Theropoda
164:Kingdom:
158:Eukaryota
46:125
2772:Wikidata
2738:Category
2728:Timeline
2645:Nuthetes
2566:Zapsalis
2537:Itemirus
2311:Ypupiara
2193:Mahakala
2121:Daurlong
1921:Chordata
1919:Phylum:
1915:Animalia
1772:BBC News
1734:26181289
1578:See also
1536:polytomy
976:Mahakala
695:avialans
624:Feathers
602:theropod
576:Mahakala
455:JPM-0008
451:holotype
385:Sihedang
343:Liaoning
335:dinosaur
328:"dragon"
254:Brusatte
223:Family:
178:Chordata
174:Phylum:
168:Animalia
154:Domain:
2668:Tsaagan
1954:Paraves
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