44:
685:
In modern
Chinese, zhuangyuan is used to refer to anyone who achieves the highest mark on a test, or, more generally, to anyone who is at the forefront of his or her field. In mainland China, the term is most often used to refer to the highest score at the provincial level for either the social
280:, not the regular imperial exams. After the Taipings captured the city of Nanjing, they offered an exam for women in January 1853 in which Fu attained the highest score.
688:
706:
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823:
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59:
885:
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619:
73:
870:
629:
312:
840:
647:
609:
549:
382:
277:
236:
663:
295:
scholar. He was the chief negotiator who persuaded the Song to return the 6 districts of Quảng Nguyên (today
580:
572:
531:
328:
288:
613:
499:
251:
432:, became the Zhuangyuan in the ninth year (1514) of the Zhengde Emperor's reign during the Ming dynasty
332:
320:
701:
669:
639:
296:
232:
502:, a mythological figure who attained the Zhuangyuan, demonstrated great filial piety to his mother,
343:
was not officially abolished, yet its standards were too high that it was virtually unachievable.
175:
465:
336:
653:
599:
586:
559:
482:
442:. For his resistance to Kublai Khan's invasion of the Song, and for his refusal to yield to the
397:
848:
819:
803:
761:
157:
149:
43:
576:
553:
566:
at 13 years old, later died at 21 years old. He also many times become an envoy to meet the
556:. He was considered to be equal with the first six patriarchs of the Zen Buddhist tradition.
231:, was the title given to the scholar who achieved the highest score on highest level of the
114:
541:
316:
419:
135:
414:(chamberlain of the Court of Judicial Review), highly regarded for his candid advice to
189:
743:
507:
487:
470:
452:, who served as chief grand councilor for part of the reign of the Qianlong Emperor of
402:
864:
722:
594:
435:
415:
324:
292:
567:
459:
453:
443:
439:
408:
378:
363:
304:
269:
262:
247:
121:
91:
394:, was the youngest Zhuangyuan in the imperial examinations during the Tang dynasty
449:
391:
368:
503:
548:, a politician and later Buddhist monk who lived during the reign of Emperor
256:
241:
17:
429:
373:
48:
Imperial exam paper of Ming dynasty
Zhuangyuan Zhao Bing-zhong in 1598 AD
716:
612:(梁世榮, 1441–1496) a mathematician, Buddhist and poet who lived during
575:(莫挺之,1272–1346) a scholar and envoy who served three emperors of the
666:(潘廷逢, 1847–1896), a revolutionary against French colonialism.
299:) to Vietnam. Nevertheless, the first Vietnamese person to be
686:
sciences (文科) or physical sciences (理科) track of the annual
626:
under Mạc dynasty, known for the ability to predict future.
438:, was a scholar-general in the last years of the Southern
307:
under
Chinese Tang Dynasty. The first female trạng nguyên
790:"Triều Nguyễn có đặt ra lệ "Bất lập Trạng Nguyên" không?"
519:
In total, there were 56 trạng nguyên in ancient
Vietnam.
351:
In total, there were 596 zhuangyuan in ancient China.
154:
140:
126:
219:
in
Vietnamese, variously translated into English as
750:. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 187.
656:(鄭橞; 1701–?), the last person to achieve the title
272:is known as the first (and last) female zhuangyuan
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174:
169:
148:
134:
120:
113:
108:
90:
72:
58:
53:
32:
27:Best graduate of the Chinese Imperial examinations
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180:
748:Dictionary of Official Titles of Imperial China
602:(范敦禮, 1457–1531), also known as "Trạng Chiếu" (
707:Confucian court examination system in Vietnam
78:
64:
8:
839:Mao, Jiaqi (Grace Chor Yi Wong tr.) (1998),
632:(阮氏叡, 1574-1654), the first and only female
323:. She had previously been a consort of the
562:(阮賢, 1234-1256), the youngest to become a
105:
42:
579:, as well as the ancestor of the emperor
335:after the fall of the Mạc dynasty. Under
845:Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women
506:, a white snake spirit imprisoned under
331:, and would serve as an official in the
734:
534:(黎文盛, 1038 – 1096), the first de facto
385:, the first and only woman to become a
847:, Armonk, NY: Sharpe, pp. 43–45,
156:
29:
7:
315:, who later become a consort of the
276:) in Chinese history, but under the
776:
446:despite being captured and tortured
25:
672:(阮豐貽, 1889–?), the last de facto
843:, in Ho, Clara Wing-chug (ed.),
265:) in ancient China and Vietnam.
891:History of education in Vietnam
475:(1876–1898), the last military
283:In Vietnam, the first de facto
195:
155:
141:
127:
79:
65:
1:
712:Jinshi (imperial examination)
538:of Vietnam's independent era.
589:(阮直, 1417–1474), the first
544:(玄光, 1254-1334), real name
912:
650:) under Later Lê Dynasty.
202:
104:
100:
86:
41:
37:
383:Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
278:Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
237:Metropolitan examination
60:Traditional Chinese
896:Scholastic Confucianism
881:Confucianism in Vietnam
692:college entrance exam.
74:Simplified Chinese
802:萧源锦，《狀元史話》，重庆出版社，1992，
760:萧源锦，《狀元史話》，重庆出版社，1992，
492:(1872–1942), the last
181:
876:Confucianism in China
886:Imperial examination
702:Imperial examination
642:(阮登道, 1651–1719), a
233:Imperial examination
871:Confucian education
818:《现代汉语词典》，商务印书馆，第五版，
792:. 23 November 2017.
622:(阮秉謙, 1491–1585) a
496:in Chinese history.
479:in Chinese history.
176:Vietnamese alphabet
744:Hucker, Charles O.
333:Revival Lê dynasty
252:Palace examination
221:principal graduate
681:In modern culture
620:Nguyễn Bỉnh Khiêm
297:Hà Giang province
206:
205:
165:
164:
115:Standard Mandarin
16:(Redirected from
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857:
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816:
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780:
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758:
752:
751:
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648:Grand Chancellor
595:Later Lê dynasty
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309:(nữ trạng nguyên
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833:Further reading
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719:(Bảng nhãn, 榜眼)
698:
683:
670:Nguyễn Phong Di
664:Phan Đình Phùng
640:Nguyễn Đăng Đạo
606:of segde mats).
528:
517:
485:
468:
400:
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305:Khương Công Phụ
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170:Vietnamese name
49:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
909:
907:
899:
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841:"Fu Shanxiang"
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610:Lương Thế Vinh
607:
597:
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570:
557:
550:Trần Nhân Tông
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527:
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508:Leifeng Pagoda
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337:Nguyễn Dynasty
313:Nguyễn Thị Duệ
274:(nü zhuangyuan
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109:Transcriptions
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824:7-100-04385-9
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808:7-5366-1648-1
805:
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796:
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782:
779:, p. 43.
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766:7-5366-1648-1
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749:
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738:
735:
728:
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723:Valedictorian
721:
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621:
618:
615:
614:Lê Thánh Tông
611:
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436:Wen Tianxiang
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321:Mạc Kính Cung
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687:
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674:trạng nguyên
673:
658:trạng nguyên
657:
643:
634:trạng nguyên
633:
624:trạng nguyên
623:
603:
591:trạng nguyên
590:
577:Trần dynasty
573:Mạc Đĩnh Chi
568:Yuan dynasty
564:trạng nguyên
563:
554:Trần dynasty
545:
536:trạng nguyên
535:
532:Lê Văn Thịnh
525:Trạng nguyên
524:
518:
493:
476:
466:Zhang Sanjia
460:Lin Hongnian
454:Qing dynasty
444:Yuan dynasty
440:Song dynasty
423:
422:, the first
411:
409:Tang dynasty
386:
379:Fu Shanxiang
364:Chen Wenlong
356:
350:
341:trạng nguyên
340:
339:, the title
329:Lê Thần Tông
308:
303:was in fact
301:trạng nguyên
300:
289:Lê Văn Thịnh
285:trạng nguyên
284:
282:
273:
270:Fu Shanxiang
267:
263:Song dynasty
248:Tang dynasty
228:
224:
220:
216:trạng nguyên
215:
214:
209:
208:
207:
182:trạng nguyên
122:Hanyu Pinyin
92:Hanyu Pinyin
54:Chinese name
676:of Vietnam.
600:Phạm Đôn Lễ
587:Nguyễn Trực
581:Mạc Thái Tổ
560:Nguyễn Hiền
552:during the
542:Huyền Quang
523:Noteworthy
486: [
469: [
462:(1805–1885)
450:Yu Minzhong
426:in history.
407:, (?-658),
401: [
392:Mo Xuanqing
369:Weng Tonghe
355:Noteworthy
255: [
240: [
142:chuang-yüan
18:Zhuang Yuan
865:Categories
854:0765600439
777:Mao (1998)
729:References
546:Lý Tải Đạo
515:In Vietnam
504:Bai Suzhen
494:zhuangyuan
483:Lu Chunlin
477:zhuangyuan
424:zhuangyuan
387:zhuangyuan
357:zhuangyuan
293:Lý dynasty
268:In China,
210:Zhuangyuan
136:Wade–Giles
128:zhuàngyuán
96:zhuàngyuán
33:Zhuangyuan
654:Trịnh Tuệ
616:'s reign.
500:Xu Shilin
412:dali qing
398:Sun Fujia
746:(1985).
696:See also
644:tể tướng
430:Tang Gao
374:Hong Jun
347:In China
327:Emperor
319:Emperor
261:(in the
246:(in the
717:Bangyan
420:Taizong
229:optimus
190:Chữ Hán
851:
822:
806:
764:
689:gaokao
311:) was
250:) and
225:primus
604:trạng
490:]
473:]
416:Gaozu
405:]
259:]
244:]
227:, or
213:, or
849:ISBN
820:ISBN
804:ISBN
762:ISBN
418:and
291:, a
287:was
593:of
317:Mạc
150:IPA
867::
488:zh
471:zh
403:zh
381:,
325:Lê
257:zh
242:ja
235:,
223:,
196:狀元
80:状元
66:狀元
741:*
660:.
646:(
636:.
583:.
510:.
456:.
20:)
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