812:
254:
135:
376:
371:
381:
524:
54:
800:
39:
527:
668:
529:
30:
835:
alloy parts first in commercial aircraft, and then in military ones. During the 1940 and 1950s it was typically found as the "paint" in the wheel wells of retractable landing gear on US military aircraft to protect the aluminium from corrosion. This compound was a useful coating because it is an
830:
Zinc chromate's main use is in industrial painting as a coating over iron or aluminium materials. It was used extensively on aircraft by the US military, especially during the 1930s and 1940s. It is also used in a variety of paint coatings for the aerospace and automotive industries. Its use as a
811:
885:
showed a significant correlation between the use of zinc chromate and lead chromate in factories and the number of cases in lung cancer experienced by the workers. Because of its toxicity the use of zinc chromate has greatly diminished in recent years.
1188:
Casadio, F.; Xie, S.; Rukes, S. C.; Myers, B.; Gray, K. A.; Warta, R.; Fiedler, I. (2011). "Electron energy loss spectroscopy elucidates the elusive darkening of zinc potassium chromate in
Georges Seurat's A Sunday on La Grande Jatte–1884".
839:
When used as a pigment, it is known as Zinc Yellow, Buttercup Yellow or Yellow 36. It is rarely used in art because the pigment degenerates into a brown color. This effect can be seen in
Georges Seurat's famous painting
836:
anti-corrosive and anti-rust primer. Since it is highly toxic, it also destroys organic growth on the surface. Zinc chromate is also used in spray paints, artists' paints, pigments in varnishes, and in making linoleum.
389:
351:
530:
528:
597:
681:
1966:
842:
846:. The degradation of zinc yellow in Seurat's painting was thoroughly investigated and these findings were subsequently employed in a digital rejuvenation of the painting.
1248:; Fiedler, I.; Gallagher, C.; Imai, F. H.; Taplin, L. A. (2006). "Rejuvenating the color palette of Georges Seurat's A Sunday on La Grande Jatte—1884: A simulation".
934:
538:
966:
910:
1430:
1959:
727:, appearing as odorless yellow powder or yellow-green crystals, but, when used for coatings, pigments are often added. It is used industrially in
552:
1298:
998:
1952:
854:
1316:"Chronic exposure to zinc chromate induces centrosome amplification and spindle assembly checkpoint bypass in human lung fibroblasts"
1171:
862:
747:
is used to create zinc chromate for use in industry. This process is done by putting zinc or a zinc plated metal in a solution of
471:
463:
688:
439:
1423:
429:
201:
1078:
Tencer, Michal (30 September 2006). "Electrical conductivity of chromate conversion coating on electrodeposited zinc".
487:
380:
375:
2452:
728:
455:
232:
370:
608:
2207:
142:
1365:"Lung cancer mortality among workers making lead chromate and zinc chromate pigments at three English factories"
2196:
1132:
858:
2478:
1975:
1416:
479:
130:
2442:
2239:
962:
1889:
1460:
403:
363:
66:
799:
2316:
1499:
1087:
421:
2352:
2099:
878:
451:
249:
82:
2483:
2081:
2061:
2041:
2031:
2003:
1683:
1214:
732:
646:
443:
1018:
988:
906:
755:
for a few seconds. Zinc chromate can also be synthesized by using neutral potassium chromate (K
2374:
2334:
2298:
2261:
2167:
2143:
1837:
1394:
1345:
1294:
1245:
1206:
1167:
1163:
994:
748:
717:
467:
1288:
881:. Exposure to zinc chromate can cause tissue ulceration and cancer. A study published in the
2133:
2051:
2017:
1747:
1628:
1384:
1376:
1335:
1327:
1257:
1198:
1155:
1095:
1039:
335:
271:
1064:. Philadelphia, PA: American Society for Testing and Aircraft Materials. 1995. p. 241.
210:
112:
92:
2109:
2071:
1989:
1821:
1699:
650:
475:
1091:
491:
253:
134:
2231:
1755:
1735:
1678:
1652:
1595:
1527:
1439:
1389:
1364:
1340:
1315:
1274:
744:
659:
435:
2472:
2153:
1711:
1673:
1620:
1571:
1551:
1543:
1156:
817:
752:
324:
314:
123:
1231:
1218:
873:
Recent studies have shown that not only is zinc chromate highly toxic, it is also a
503:
53:
2413:
1905:
1869:
1853:
1809:
1781:
1723:
1665:
1660:
1603:
1579:
1535:
1519:
721:
447:
413:
174:
1099:
459:
1793:
1587:
585:
938:
559:
1615:
1507:
1202:
874:
286:
103:
1113:
Hall, A.F. (1944). "Occupational contact dermatitis among aircraft workers".
1944:
832:
221:
1349:
1210:
1398:
38:
1380:
707:
558:
551:
544:
537:
510:
850:
304:
161:
143:
1331:
1261:
990:
HazMat data: for first response, transportation, storage, and security
1158:
Color and
Culture: Practice and Meaning from Antiquity to Abstraction
710:
1275:
Georges Seurat, A Sunday
Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte'
820:
bombers, painted with zinc chromate undercoat, being assembled, 1942
658:
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their
409:
724:
185:
29:
1408:
545:
495:
704:
499:
417:
1948:
1412:
861:. Blowholes in this putty may have been a minor contributor to
640:
627:
483:
237:
37:
28:
849:
Zinc chromate putty was used as sealant in addition to two
522:
676:
907:"OHSA Chemical Sampling Information for Zinc Chromate"
2404:
2291:
2230:
2189:
1982:
1775:
1492:
1453:
1446:
843:
A Sunday
Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
1019:"Everything You Need to Know About Zinc Chromate"
901:
899:
173:
957:
955:
935:National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
526:
91:
1960:
1424:
967:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
911:Occupational Safety and Health Administration
8:
1073:
1071:
1012:
1010:
2186:
1967:
1953:
1945:
1772:
1450:
1431:
1417:
1409:
1293:. iSmithers Rapra Publishing. p. 25.
329:732 °C (1,350 °F; 1,005 K)
299:yellow-green crystals; yellow powder
252:
133:
111:
17:
1388:
1339:
831:corrosion-resistant agent was applied to
209:
2455:
2445:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2420:
2416:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2309:
2305:
2301:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2218:
2214:
2210:
2199:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2160:
2156:
2146:
2136:
2126:
2116:
2112:
2102:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2074:
2064:
2054:
2044:
2034:
2024:
2020:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1992:
929:
927:
895:
795:
248:
1369:British Journal of Industrial Medicine
1290:Polymeric Seals and Sealing Technology
1191:Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
883:British Journal of Industrial Medicine
319:316 °C (601 °F; 589 K)
124:
993:. John Wiley and Sons. p. 1155.
7:
164:
1162:. Boston: Little, Brown. pp.
963:"OHSA Guideline for Zinc Chromate"
14:
1314:Holmes, A.L. (15 February 2011).
939:"ZINC CHROMATE - CAMEO Chemicals"
1250:Color Research & Application
1232:Digital restoration of paintings
1062:Paint and Coating Testing Manual
1040:"What is Zinc Chromate Used For"
810:
798:
666:
379:
374:
369:
52:
1320:Chemical Research in Toxicology
853:between sections of the failed
731:, having been developed by the
662:(at 25 °C , 100 kPa).
767:), which forms a precipitate.
1:
602:(US health exposure limits):
1115:American Journal of Medicine
1100:10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.10.039
987:Richard P. Pohanish (2004).
729:chromate conversion coatings
574:or concentration (LD, LC):
291:181.403 g/mol
24:
2500:
1976:Chromates and dichromates
1363:Davies, J.M. (May 1984).
1244:Berns, R. S.; Byrns, S.;
1203:10.1007/s00216-010-4264-9
656:
619:
596:
570:
350:
345:
264:
75:
65:
60:
51:
23:
1776:Organozinc(II) compounds
859:Space Shuttle Challenger
763:) and zinc sulfate (ZnSO
720:, a salt containing the
430:Precautionary statements
1454:Organozinc(I) compounds
1080:Applied Surface Science
743:A process known as the
805:zinc chromate (powder)
533:
42:
33:
1287:J.A. Hickman (1997).
1133:"Basic Zinc Chromate"
863:its catastrophic loss
532:
41:
32:
1381:10.1136/oem.41.2.158
1017:Waligorski, Martin.
877:because it contains
855:solid rocket booster
515:(fire diamond)
1154:Gage, John (1993).
1092:2006ApSS..252.8229T
336:Solubility in water
20:
733:Ford Motor Company
689:Infobox references
647:Potassium chromate
620:Related compounds
534:
43:
34:
18:
2466:
2465:
2287:
2286:
1942:
1941:
1901:
1900:
1488:
1487:
1332:10.1021/tx900360w
1300:978-1-85957-096-8
1262:10.1002/col.20223
1135:. Chemical Land21
1086:(23): 8229–8234.
1000:978-0-471-27328-8
749:sodium dichromate
718:chemical compound
697:Chemical compound
695:
694:
404:Hazard statements
233:CompTox Dashboard
47:
46:
2491:
2458:
2448:
2438:
2423:
2396:
2370:
2348:
2330:
2312:
2279:
2257:
2222:
2203:
2187:
2181:
2163:
2149:
2139:
2129:
2119:
2105:
2095:
2077:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2013:
1999:
1969:
1962:
1955:
1946:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1924:
1923:
1915:
1914:
1773:
1648:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1637:
1451:
1433:
1426:
1419:
1410:
1403:
1402:
1392:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1343:
1311:
1305:
1304:
1284:
1278:
1272:
1266:
1265:
1241:
1235:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1185:
1179:
1177:
1161:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1110:
1104:
1103:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1052:
1051:
1049:
1047:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1027:
1025:
1014:
1005:
1004:
984:
978:
977:
975:
973:
959:
950:
949:
947:
945:
931:
922:
921:
919:
917:
903:
814:
802:
679:
673:
670:
669:
633:Zinc dichromate
561:
554:
547:
540:
525:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
423:
419:
415:
411:
383:
378:
373:
272:Chemical formula
257:
256:
241:
239:
213:
177:
166:
145:
137:
126:
115:
95:
56:
25:
21:
2499:
2498:
2494:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2488:
2469:
2468:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2453:
2447:
2443:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2400:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2353:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2335:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2283:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2232:Chromate esters
2226:
2220:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2201:
2197:
2190:Chlorochromates
2185:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2134:
2128:
2124:
2118:
2114:
2110:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2090:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2072:
2066:
2062:
2056:
2052:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2012:
2008:
2004:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1978:
1973:
1943:
1938:
1931:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1897:
1893:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1873:
1865:
1861:
1857:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1833:
1829:
1825:
1817:
1813:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1789:
1785:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1759:
1751:
1743:
1739:
1731:
1727:
1719:
1715:
1707:
1703:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1669:
1656:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1640:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1624:
1611:
1607:
1599:
1591:
1583:
1575:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1547:
1539:
1531:
1523:
1515:
1511:
1503:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1442:
1437:
1407:
1406:
1362:
1361:
1357:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1301:
1286:
1285:
1281:
1273:
1269:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1230:
1226:
1187:
1186:
1182:
1174:
1153:
1152:
1148:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1130:
1126:
1112:
1111:
1107:
1077:
1076:
1069:
1060:
1059:
1055:
1045:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1023:
1021:
1016:
1015:
1008:
1001:
986:
985:
981:
971:
969:
961:
960:
953:
943:
941:
933:
932:
925:
915:
913:
905:
904:
897:
892:
871:
828:
821:
815:
806:
803:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
766:
762:
758:
741:
714:
698:
691:
686:
685:
684: ?)
675:
671:
667:
663:
651:Sodium chromate
649:
643:
630:
612:
589:
583:
566:
565:
564:
563:
556:
549:
542:
535:
531:
523:
432:
406:
392:
366:
338:
280:
274:
260:
242:
235:
216:
196:
180:
167:
155:
118:
98:
85:
71:
12:
11:
5:
2497:
2495:
2487:
2486:
2481:
2479:Zinc compounds
2471:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2460:
2450:
2440:
2410:
2408:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2372:
2350:
2332:
2314:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2282:
2281:
2259:
2236:
2234:
2228:
2227:
2225:
2224:
2205:
2193:
2191:
2184:
2183:
2165:
2151:
2141:
2131:
2121:
2107:
2097:
2079:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2015:
2001:
1986:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1974:
1972:
1971:
1964:
1957:
1949:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1936:
1929:
1920:
1911:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1896:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1815:
1811:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1777:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1643:
1634:
1626:
1622:
1618:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1545:
1541:
1537:
1533:
1529:
1525:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1489:
1486:
1485:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1470:
1466:
1462:
1457:
1455:
1448:
1444:
1443:
1440:Zinc compounds
1438:
1436:
1435:
1428:
1421:
1413:
1405:
1404:
1375:(2): 158–169.
1355:
1326:(2): 386–395.
1306:
1299:
1279:
1267:
1256:(4): 278–293.
1236:
1224:
1197:(9): 2909–20.
1180:
1172:
1146:
1124:
1105:
1067:
1053:
1031:
1006:
999:
979:
951:
923:
894:
893:
891:
888:
870:
867:
827:
824:
823:
822:
816:
809:
807:
804:
797:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
764:
760:
756:
745:Cronak process
740:
737:
735:in the 1920s.
712:
696:
693:
692:
687:
665:
664:
660:standard state
657:
654:
653:
644:
638:
635:
634:
631:
625:
622:
621:
617:
616:
613:
607:
604:
603:
594:
593:
592:0.5 to 5 g/kg
590:
581:
579:
576:
575:
568:
567:
557:
550:
543:
536:
521:
520:
519:
518:
516:
507:
506:
433:
428:
425:
424:
407:
402:
399:
398:
393:
388:
385:
384:
367:
362:
359:
358:
348:
347:
343:
342:
339:
334:
331:
330:
327:
321:
320:
317:
311:
310:
307:
301:
300:
297:
293:
292:
289:
283:
282:
278:
275:
270:
267:
266:
262:
261:
259:
258:
245:
243:
231:
228:
227:
224:
218:
217:
215:
214:
206:
204:
198:
197:
195:
194:
190:
188:
182:
181:
179:
178:
170:
168:
160:
157:
156:
154:
153:
149:
147:
139:
138:
128:
120:
119:
117:
116:
108:
106:
100:
99:
97:
96:
88:
86:
81:
78:
77:
73:
72:
69:
63:
62:
58:
57:
49:
48:
45:
44:
35:
19:Zinc chromate
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2496:
2485:
2482:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2474:
2459:
2451:
2449:
2441:
2439:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2397:
2373:
2371:
2351:
2349:
2333:
2331:
2315:
2313:
2297:
2296:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2260:
2258:
2238:
2237:
2235:
2233:
2229:
2223:
2206:
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753:sulfuric acid
750:
746:
738:
736:
734:
730:
726:
723:
719:
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709:
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702:
701:Zinc chromate
690:
683:
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661:
655:
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629:
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623:
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611:(Permissible)
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325:Boiling point
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315:Melting point
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250:DTXSID7047485
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1127:
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1042:. innovateus
1034:
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914:. Retrieved
882:
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848:
841:
838:
829:
769:
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699:
598:
571:
511:
395:
352:
186:RTECS number
76:Identifiers
15:
2292:Dichromates
1277:, ColourLex
1246:Casadio, F.
1234:, ColourLex
1046:11 December
586:median dose
572:Lethal dose
390:Signal word
296:Appearance
265:Properties
131:100.033.511
2473:Categories
890:References
875:carcinogen
739:Production
364:Pictograms
341:insoluble
309:3.43 g/cm
287:Molar mass
226:3288 3077
211:05F2837HUF
104:ChemSpider
93:13530-65-9
83:CAS Number
67:IUPAC name
2484:Chromates
1983:Chromates
833:aluminium
615:0.1 mg/m
488:P333+P313
480:P308+P313
476:P302+P352
472:P301+P312
355:labelling
222:UN number
193:GB3290000
152:236-878-9
144:EC Number
2267:(OSi(OCH
1822:Zn(CH(CH
1500:Zn(acac)
1493:Zinc(II)
1350:20030412
1219:26844464
1211:20953774
1139:24 March
1024:23 March
972:24 March
944:24 March
916:24 March
869:Toxicity
722:chromate
512:NFPA 704
346:Hazards
2406:Related
2354:[NH
2169:[NH
1838:Zn(C(CH
1447:Zinc(I)
1399:6722042
1390:1009277
1341:2822114
1166:, 224.
1088:Bibcode
851:O-rings
782:→ ZnCrO
716:, is a
682:what is
680: (
641:cations
305:Density
281:
162:PubChem
2376:[C
2245:(OC(CH
2217:NH]CrO
2209:[C
1653:Zn(OH)
1630:Zn(ClO
1552:Zn(ClO
1536:Zn(CN)
1397:
1387:
1348:
1338:
1297:
1217:
1209:
1170:
997:
879:Cr(VI)
778:+ ZnSO
677:verify
674:
639:Other
628:anions
626:Other
396:Danger
61:Names
2444:EuCrO
2145:PbCrO
2135:CdCrO
2125:ZnCrO
2101:NiCrO
2073:BaCrO
2063:SrCrO
2053:CaCrO
2043:MgCrO
2033:BeCrO
1890:ZnICH
1810:Zn(CH
1782:Zn(CH
1604:Zn(NO
1596:ZnMoO
1564:ZnCrO
1215:S2CID
725:anion
599:NIOSH
277:ZnCrO
175:26089
113:24301
2198:KCrO
2087:(CrO
1870:Zn(C
1854:Zn(C
1814:COO)
1794:Zn(C
1679:ZnTe
1674:ZnSe
1666:ZnSO
1544:ZnCl
1528:ZnCO
1520:ZnBr
1508:Zn(N
1395:PMID
1346:PMID
1295:ISBN
1207:PMID
1168:ISBN
1141:2011
1048:2014
1026:2011
995:ISBN
974:2011
946:2011
918:2011
826:Uses
751:and
504:P501
500:P405
496:P391
492:P363
484:P330
468:P281
464:P280
460:P273
456:P272
452:P270
448:P264
444:P261
440:P202
436:P201
422:H410
418:H350
414:H317
410:H302
202:UNII
2454:CrO
2419:CrO
2384:NH]
2263:CrO
2241:CrO
2177:CrO
2159:CrO
2115:CrO
2023:CrO
2009:CrO
1995:CrO
1925:ZnO
1760:(PO
1748:ZnP
1661:ZnS
1621:ZnO
1616:ZnO
1588:ZnI
1580:ZnH
1572:ZnF
1469:(CH
1385:PMC
1377:doi
1336:PMC
1328:doi
1258:doi
1199:doi
1195:399
1164:220
1119:125
1096:doi
1084:252
857:on
786:+ K
774:CrO
759:CrO
609:PEL
353:GHS
238:EPA
165:CID
2475::
2430:Cr
2388:Cr
2362:Cr
2340:Cr
2336:Ag
2322:Cr
2304:Cr
2300:Na
2221:Cl
2202:Cl
2155:Pb
2111:Ag
2083:Fe
2019:Cs
1991:Na
1921:46
1912:24
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