148:, individual cells, and their nuclei. Tissues can absorb them easily due to their size, which makes it difficult to detect them. However, human skin is an effective barrier to ZnO nanoparticles, for example, when used as a sunscreen, unless abrasions occur. ZnO nanoparticles may enter the system from accidental ingestion of small quantities when putting on sunscreen. When sunscreen is washed off, the ZnO nanoparticles can leach into runoff water and
17:
129:. They are also being investigated to kill harmful microorganisms in packaging, and in UV-protective materials such as textiles. Many companies do not label products that contain nanoparticles, making it difficult to make statements about production and pervasiveness in consumer products.
481:
Noorian, S. A., Hemmatinejad, N., & Navarro, J. A. (2020). Ligand modified cellulose fabrics as support of zinc oxide nanoparticles for UV protection and antimicrobial activities.
132:
Since ZnO nanoparticles are a relatively new material, there is concern over the potential hazards they can cause. Because they are very tiny, nanoparticles generally can
232:"Inventory of Engineered Nanoparticle-Containing Consumer Products Available in the Singapore Retail Market and Likelihood of Release into the Aquatic Environment"
450:
Iosub, Cristina Ĺ.; OlÄreĹŁ, Elena; Grumezescu, Alexandru Mihai; Holban, Alina M.; Andronescu, Ecaterina (2017), "Toxicity of nanostructuresâa general approach",
339:
Keller, Arturo A.; McFerran, Suzanne; Lazareva, Anastasiya; Suh, Sangwon (2013-06-01). "Global life cycle releases of engineered nanomaterials".
602:
467:
504:"One-Pot Synthesis of Cu 2 O/ZnO Nanoparticles at Present of Folic Acid to Improve UV-Protective Effect of Cotton Fabrics"
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20:
75:
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23:
images of four samples of zinc oxide nanoparticles from different vendors, showing differences in size and shape
46:. The exact physical and chemical properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles depend on the different ways they are
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59:
55:
71:
181:
Kumar, Surabhi Siva; Venkateswarlu, Putcha; Rao, Vanka Ranga; Rao, Gollapalli
Nageswara (2013-05-07).
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283:"Industrial production quantities and uses of ten engineered nanomaterials in Europe and the world"
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152:. As of 2011 there were no known human illnesses resulting from any engineered nanoparticles.
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ZnO nanoparticles are believed to be one of the three most produced nanomaterials, along with
541:"Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory"
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539:; McGinnis, Sean P.; Vejerano, Eric P.; Kuiken, Todd; Vance, Marina E. (2015-08-21).
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82:, microwave-assisted combustion method, two-step mechanochemicalâthermal synthesis,
39:
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Piccinno, Fabiano; Gottschalk, Fadri; Seeger, Stefan; Nowack, Bernd (2012-09-01).
490:
230:
Zhang, Yuanyuan; Leu, Yu-Rui; Aitken, Robert J.; Riediker, Michael (2015-07-24).
183:"Synthesis, characterization and optical properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles"
395:"Engineered Nanoparticles in Consumer Products: Understanding a New Ingredient"
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Noorian, Seyyed Abbas; Hemmatinejad, Nahid; Bashari, Azadeh (May 2015).
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38:(ZnO) that have diameters less than 100 nanometers. They have a large
125:
but possess a large enough bandgap to be completely transparent to
236:
International
Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
98:
using solution concentration, pH, and washing medium. ZnO is a
50:. Some possible ways to produce ZnO nano-particles are
483:International journal of biological macromolecules
117:. The most common use of ZnO nanoparticles is in
121:. They are used because they effectively absorb
491:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.276
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545:Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
460:10.1016/b978-0-323-46142-9.00029-3
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399:Environmental Health Perspectives
452:Nanostructures for Novel Therapy
341:Journal of Nanoparticle Research
290:Journal of Nanoparticle Research
106:of 3.37 eV at room temperature.
42:relative to their size and high
508:Photochemistry and Photobiology
393:Kessler, Rebecca (2011-03-01).
454:, Elsevier, pp. 793â809,
111:titanium dioxide nanoparticles
1:
115:silicon dioxide nanoparticles
603:Nanoparticles by composition
21:Scanning electron microscope
60:electrochemical depositions
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187:International Nano Letters
134:travel throughout the body
100:wide-bandgap semiconductor
92:electrophoretic deposition
361:10.1007/s11051-013-1692-4
310:10.1007/s11051-012-1109-9
136:, and have been shown in
68:chemical vapor deposition
150:travel up the food chain
28:Zinc oxide nanoparticles
249:10.3390/ijerph120808717
96:precipitation processes
208:10.1186/2228-5326-3-30
24:
72:thermal decomposition
19:
557:10.3762/bjnano.6.181
537:Hochella, Michael F.
411:10.1289/ehp.119-a120
56:hydrothermal methods
608:Sunscreening agents
353:2013JNR....15.1692K
302:2012JNR....14.1109P
199:2013INL.....3...30K
146:bloodâbrain barrier
162:ZnO nanostructures
76:combustion methods
44:catalytic activity
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521:10.1111/php.12420
140:to penetrate the
123:ultraviolet light
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40:surface area
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347:(6): 1692.
296:(9): 1109.
84:anodization
48:synthesized
613:Zinc oxide
597:Categories
168:References
104:energy gap
80:ultrasound
36:zinc oxide
565:2190-4286
419:0091-6765
369:1388-0764
318:1388-0764
217:2228-5326
193:(1): 30.
119:sunscreen
583:26425429
437:21356630
377:97011693
326:55419088
268:26213957
156:See also
142:placenta
102:with an
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428:3060016
349:Bibcode
298:Bibcode
259:4555244
195:Bibcode
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286:(PDF)
579:PMID
561:ISSN
464:ISBN
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365:ISSN
314:ISSN
264:PMID
213:ISSN
113:and
30:are
569:PMC
553:doi
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