300:-return mechanism and a shaded-pole synchronous motor. In this case, the damper is normally opened by the force of the spring but can be closed by the force of the motor. Removal of electrical power re-opens the damper. This style of damper is advantageous because it is "fail safe"; if the control to the damper fails, the damper opens and allows air to flow. However, in most applications "fail safe" indicates the damper will close upon loss of power thus preventing the spread of smoke and fire to other areas. These dampers also may allow adjustment of the "closed" position so that they only obstruct, for example, 75% of the air flow when closed.
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For vacuum-operated or pneumatically operated zone dampers, the thermostat usually switches the pressure or vacuum on or off, causing a spring-loaded rubber diaphragm to move and actuate the damper. As with the second style of electrical zone dampers, these dampers automatically return to the default
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power source that is used for the rest of the control system. This allows the zone dampers to be directly controlled by low-voltage thermostats and wired with low-voltage wiring. Because simultaneous closure of all dampers might harm the furnace or air handler, this style of damper is often designed
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heating or cooling system. In order to improve efficiency and occupant comfort, HVAC systems are commonly divided up into multiple zones. For example, in a house, the main floor may be served by one heating zone while the upstairs bedrooms are served by another. In this way, the heat can be directed
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combined with a rotary switch that can disconnect the motor at either of the two stopping points ("damper open" or "damper closed"). In this way, applying power to the "open damper" terminal causes the motor to run until the damper is open while applying power at the "close damper" terminal causes
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Fire dampers are fitted where ductwork passes through fire compartment walls and fire curtains as part of a fire control strategy. In normal circumstances, these dampers are held open by means of fusible links. When subjected to heat, these links fracture and allow the damper to close under the
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Zone dampers are not 100% reliable. Most styles of motor-to-open/motor-to-closed electrically operated zone dampers aren't "fail safe" (that is, they do not fail to the open condition). However, zone dampers that are of the "Normally Open" type are fail-safe, in that they will fail to the open
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influence of the integral closing spring. The links are attached to the damper such that the dampers can be released manually for testing purposes. The damper is provided with an access door in the adjacent ductworks for the purpose of inspection and resetting in the event of closure.
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Regardless of the style of damper employed, the systems are often designed so that when no thermostat is calling for air, all dampers in the system are opened. This allows air to continue to flow while the heat exchanger in a furnace cools down after a heating period completes.
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actuation is preferred for these dampers. It is easier to provide zone-classified solenoid valves for pneumatic actuation, as compared to electrical actuation. The physical size of such solenoid valves have come down very considerably over the years.
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to control the zone dampers. The dampers may also support positions other than fully open or fully closed and are usually capable of reporting their current position and, often, the temperature and volume of the air flowing past the smart damper.
183:- for example, in the case of Volume Control Dampers. Its operation can be manual or automatic. Manual dampers are turned by a handle on the outside of a duct. Automatic dampers are used to regulate airflow constantly and are operated by
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position without the application of any power, and the default position is usually "open", allowing air to flow. Like the second style of electrical zone damper, these dampers may allow adjustment of the "closed" position.
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Multiple zones can be implemented using either multiple, individually controlled furnaces/air handlers or a single furnace/air handler and multiple zone dampers. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages.
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Close-up of the motor connections. This damper can switch the electrical power to control additional "slave" dampers, minimizing the electrical load on the damper's control circuitry and power transformer
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Power consumption. Operating furnaces draw power whereas a zone damper only draws power while in motion from one state to the other (or, in some cases, a very small amount of power while holding closed)
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No inherent redundancy for the furnace. A system with zone dampers is dependent upon a single furnace. If it fails, the system becomes completely inoperable.
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or similar device, it is usually a handle on the vent duct as in an air conditioning system. Forgetting to open a damper before beginning a
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principally to the main floor during the day and principally to the bedrooms at night, allowing the unoccupied areas to cool down.
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Zone dampers as used in home HVAC systems are usually electrically powered. In large commercial installations,
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may be used instead. In either case, the motor is usually connected to the damper via a mechanical coupling.
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An opposed-blade, motor-closed, motor-opened zone damper. The damper is shown in the "open" position.
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New US residential building codes require permanent access to dampers through ceiling access panels.
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the motor to run until the damper is closed. The motor is commonly powered from the same 24
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Supply and return ducts need dampers to avoid pressurization of portions of the building.
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Low total flow when only some dampers are open can cause inefficient operation.
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The system can be harder to a design, requiring both "SPDT" thermostats (or
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175:(heating or cooling) to an unused room, or to regulate it for room-by-room
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Valve or plate for regulating airflow inside a duct, chimney, vent, etc.
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This article is about the architectural element. For other uses, see
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Redundancy: If one zone furnace fails, the others can remain working
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system. Automatic or motorized dampers may also be controlled by a
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to only obstruct a portion of the air duct, for example, 75%.
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For electrical zone dampers, there are two principal designs.
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Simple mechanical and control design ("SPST thermostats")
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damage to the interior of a home, if not a house fire.
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Another style of electrically powered damper uses a
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67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
307:Highly sophisticated systems may use some form of
151:is a valve or plate that stops or regulates the
356:Cost. Furnaces cost much more than zone dampers
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8:
328:Comparison to multiple furnaces/air handlers
1929:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
1294:High efficiency glandless circulating pump
543:Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
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280:In one design, the motor is often a small
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1728:Mold growth, assessment, and remediation
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143:Opposed blade dampers in a mixing duct.
1601:Programmable communicating thermostat
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1723:Mechanical, electrical, and plumbing
65:adding citations to reliable sources
1584:Minimum efficiency reporting value
25:
1626:Standard temperature and pressure
1339:Packaged terminal air conditioner
875:Passive daytime radiative cooling
604:Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
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695:Absorption-compression heat pump
191:motors, in turn controlled by a
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1590:Normal temperature and pressure
970:Vapor-compression refrigeration
250:A zone damper (also known as a
52:needs additional citations for
337:Multiple furnaces/air handlers
1:
1738:Testing, adjusting, balancing
1682:Building information modeling
1677:Building services engineering
1254:Ground-coupled heat exchanger
782:Demand controlled ventilation
730:Building insulation materials
441:Testing, adjusting, balancing
282:shaded-pole synchronous motor
1299:High-pressure cut-off switch
850:Ice storage air conditioning
771:Dedicated outdoor air system
1642:Thermostatic radiator valve
1444:Thermostatic radiator valve
955:Underfloor air distribution
890:Radiant heating and cooling
808:Energy recovery ventilation
720:Automobile air conditioning
584:Domestic energy consumption
466:"Louvres and Dampers - HVC"
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1791:Institute of Refrigeration
1672:Architectural technologist
1144:Electrostatic precipitator
489:Matot, Cece (2019-10-17).
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1844:Volatile organic compound
1703:Environmental engineering
1667:Architectural engineering
1469:Ultra-low particulate air
1054:Automatic balancing valve
982:Variable refrigerant flow
834:Heat recovery ventilation
777:Deep water source cooling
1891:Template:Home automation
1713:Kitchen exhaust cleaning
1409:Solar-assisted heat pump
1009:Air conditioner inverter
788:Displacement ventilation
679:Vapour pressure of water
664:Thermal destratification
1886:World Refrigeration Day
1733:Refrigerant reclamation
1662:Architectural acoustics
1606:Programmable thermostat
1538:Clean air delivery rate
1434:Thermal expansion valve
1349:Pressurisation ductwork
1259:Ground source heat pump
700:Absorption refrigerator
32:Damper (disambiguation)
1934:Mechanical engineering
1876:Glossary of HVAC terms
1838:Sick building syndrome
1718:Mechanical engineering
1429:Smoke exhaust ductwork
860:Mixed-mode ventilation
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230:Automated zone dampers
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1916:at Wikimedia Commons
1896:Template:Solar energy
1574:Intelligent buildings
1533:Carbon dioxide sensor
920:Room air distribution
740:Central solar heating
252:Volume Control Damper
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1698:Duct leakage testing
1688:Deep energy retrofit
1632:Thermographic camera
1569:Infrared thermometer
1044:Air source heat pump
993:Water heat recycling
559:Air changes per hour
61:improve this article
1564:HVAC control system
1554:Home energy monitor
1528:Building automation
1314:Inverter compressor
976:Variable air volume
885:Passive ventilation
855:Kitchen ventilation
755:Constant air volume
725:Autonomous building
491:"What are Dampers?"
435:Variable air volume
309:building automation
197:building automation
1827:Indoor air quality
1771:ASTM International
1708:Hydronic balancing
1485:Wood-burning stove
1364:Radiator reflector
1149:Evaporative cooler
960:Underfloor heating
945:Thermal insulation
375:Power consumption.
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222:can cause serious
216:wood-burning stove
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76:"Damper" flow
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1820:Health and safety
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1354:Process duct work
1109:Convection heater
1104:Condensing boiler
1034:Air-mixing plenum
930:Solar combisystem
766:Cross ventilation
569:Building envelope
446:Air-mixing plenum
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1621:Smart thermostat
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798:District heating
793:District cooling
710:Air conditioning
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1200:
1197:
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1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1174:Fan coil unit
1172:
1170:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
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1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1119:Cooling tower
1117:
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1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
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1077:
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1017:
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1004:
1000:
994:
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986:
983:
980:
977:
974:
971:
968:
966:
965:Vapor barrier
963:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
940:Solar heating
938:
936:
935:Solar cooling
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
910:Refrigeration
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
880:Passive house
878:
876:
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868:
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863:
861:
858:
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851:
848:
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835:
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827:
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789:
786:
783:
780:
778:
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772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
756:
753:
751:
750:Chilled water
748:
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743:
741:
738:
736:
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731:
728:
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723:
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686:
680:
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662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
649:Sensible heat
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
629:Noise control
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
609:Heat transfer
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
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548:
544:
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492:
485:
482:
471:
470:www.h-v-c.com
467:
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363:
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278:
275:
273:
269:
264:
261:
257:
253:
244:
236:
229:
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
206:In a chimney
204:
202:
198:
194:
190:
186:
182:
178:
174:
170:
166:
162:
158:
154:
150:
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131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
1906:
1871:Fireproofing
1655:and services
1651:Professions,
1549:Gas detector
1449:Trickle vent
1424:Smoke damper
1419:Smoke canopy
1414:Space heater
1344:Plenum space
1279:Heating film
1159:Exhaust hood
1129:Dehumidifier
1123:
1069:Blast damper
1064:Barrier pipe
1039:Air purifier
950:Thermosiphon
829:Free cooling
745:Chilled beam
669:Thermal mass
654:Stack effect
639:Particulates
619:Infiltration
550:Fundamental
494:. Retrieved
484:
473:. Retrieved
469:
460:
418:
415:Fire dampers
406:
378:
368:Advantages:
367:
364:Zone dampers
351:
341:Advantages:
340:
331:
322:
306:
302:
295:
279:
276:
265:
255:
251:
249:
205:
148:
146:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
1914:Air dampers
1881:Warm Spaces
1523:Blower door
1501:and control
1499:Measurement
1480:Windcatcher
1454:Trombe wall
1394:Sail switch
1374:Refrigerant
1369:Recuperator
1244:Grease duct
1204:Freeze stat
1189:Fire damper
1059:Back boiler
1029:Air ionizer
1024:Air handler
988:Ventilation
840:Hybrid heat
705:Air barrier
624:Latent heat
177:temperature
169:air handler
153:flow of air
18:Zone damper
1923:Categories
1637:Thermostat
1559:Humidistat
1490:Zone valve
1459:TurboSwing
1334:Oil heater
1304:Humidifier
1234:Gas heater
1184:Fan heater
1154:Evaporator
1139:Economizer
1114:Compressor
1019:Air filter
1002:Components
819:Forced-air
715:Antifreeze
688:Technology
634:Outgassing
574:Convection
496:2023-11-17
475:2022-09-21
452:References
430:Zone valve
387:condition.
193:thermostat
87:newspapers
1747:Industry
1596:OpenTherm
1274:Heat pump
1269:Heat pipe
1219:Fume hood
1194:Fireplace
1099:Condenser
1049:Attic fan
845:Hydronics
408:Pneumatic
212:fireplace
189:pneumatic
155:inside a
1854:See also
1579:LonWorks
1513:Aquastat
1379:Register
1359:Radiator
1014:Air door
814:Firestop
614:Humidity
589:Enthalpy
579:Dilution
564:Bake-out
552:concepts
424:See also
317:LonWorks
311:such as
201:solenoid
185:electric
1653:trades,
1224:Furnace
1089:Chiller
761:Coolant
165:VAV box
161:chimney
101:scholar
1806:SMACNA
1766:ASHRAE
1586:(MERV)
1540:(CADR)
1518:BACnet
1471:(ULPA)
1324:Louver
1249:Grille
1124:Damper
1074:Boiler
972:(VCRS)
773:(DOAS)
401:relays
313:BACnet
298:spring
268:vacuum
149:damper
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
1846:(VOC)
1840:(SBS)
1829:(IAQ)
1786:CIBSE
1781:BSRIA
1684:(BIM)
1628:(STP)
1592:(NTP)
1214:Freon
984:(VRF)
978:(VAV)
836:(HRV)
810:(ERV)
784:(DCV)
757:(CAV)
437:(VAV)
372:Cost.
224:smoke
108:JSTOR
94:books
1801:LEED
1761:AMCA
1756:AHRI
1289:HEPA
1209:Flue
1134:Duct
287:volt
260:HVAC
220:fire
208:flue
179:and
157:duct
80:news
1811:UMC
1796:IIR
1776:BRE
1169:Fan
315:or
270:or
256:VCD
254:or
195:or
187:or
63:by
1925::
468:.
290:AC
167:,
163:,
159:,
147:A
535:e
528:t
521:v
499:.
478:.
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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